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篮球英语翻译论文

篮球英语翻译论文
篮球英语翻译论文

The Translation of English Term of Basketball

Abstract: This article focuses on the discussion of the translation of English term of basketball. The author mainly discusses two aspects about the translation of English term of basketball, which is the definition of translation, the feature of translation of English term of basketball. Through analyzing the current situation of domestic basketball club, in order to achieve the purpose of finding out the influence of translation of English term of basketball on the basketball game. This article proved that a good English translator of basketball is very important. A good translator not only can affect players, coaches and club, but also can affect the result of a basketball game. It can be seen from this article that domestic clubs lack professional translators of English term of basketball now, so domestic clubs need to cultivate the talents of translation of English term of basketball.

Keyword s: basketball; translation; English

浅谈篮球术语英语翻译

摘要:本文是关于篮球英语术语翻译的讨论。作者主要从翻译的基本概念和篮球英语术语翻译的特点这两方面对篮球英语术语翻译进行了讨论,通过分析篮球俱乐部的现状,从而达到找出在篮球比赛中篮球英语术语翻译对比赛的影响的目的。本文证明了一个好的篮球英语术语翻译的重要性。一个好的篮球英语翻译不仅能影响球员,教练和俱乐部,而且能影响篮球比赛的结果。从本文可以看出,目前国内俱乐部缺乏专业的篮球术语英语翻译,所以国内俱乐部需要培养这方面的人才。

关键词:篮球;翻译;英语

Contents

1. Introduction (1)

2. English translation (1)

2.1 Concept of translation (1)

2.2 The word feature of translation of basketball (2)

2.3 The function feature of translation of basketball (3)

3. The feature of translation of basketball (3)

3.1 The word is lively, interesting and vivid (3)

3.2 A rich of Compound words (3)

3.3 Short term and easy to understand of words (4)

4. The influence of English translation of basketball on basketball game. (4)

4.1 Element which influence the translation (4)

4.1.1 Interpreters have no standard pronunciation and lack of solid grounding in English (4)

4.1.2 Management of English interpreters of basketball is not standardized (5)

4.1.3 Interpreters lack experience (5)

4.2 Results of translator?s mistake (6)

4.2.1 Tactical chaos of basketball (6)

4.2.2 Success or failure of competition (6)

5. Conclusion (6)

Reference .................................................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。Acknowledgments . (8)

The Translation of English Term of Basketball

1. Introduction

Doctor James Naismith invented the basketball on December 1891. At that time, the purpose of invention of the basketball sports is to let people exercise physical better. But along with the development of the economy and the entertainment, in today's society,basketball has developed into a purely commercial movement, exercise is no longer the main purpose of playing basketball , more important is to earn much money.

With NBA which represents the highest level basketball of the world entered into China since 1987, basketball sports has started to spread in China day and day. But with the improvement and development of the competitive level of basketball, the domestic local basketball players have been unable to meet the needs of the development level of basketball. Thus a large number of international basketball players began to enter the domestic market. Along with their entering, it brought a series of problems, and one of them is communication. In this situation, the translation of basketball plays an important role. This article focuses on the English translation of term of basketball, and the author tries to find out the influence of translation of English term of basketball on the basketball game.

2. English translation

2.1 Definition of translation

Translation refers to conversion of meaning from one language to another language. Simply put, it is an art of reproducing the author?s exact idea by means of another language from the original. According to the above definition of translation, author knows that the original thought of the expression should be retained as far as possible. Nothing should be added or taken away from the original work. Therefore, two essential elements should be involved in translation: accuracy and expressiveness. Accuracy is the first indispensable quality of translation. A translator should prudently adhere to the author?s idea, which means that the diction selected and syntactic structure must convey the exact original thought. Expressiveness is to make the translation readily understood. In other words, the translator

must express the author?s idea as clearly and as forcibly as translator can by the medium translator employs. Accuracy is to make the translation definite and exact; while expressiveness is to make the translation vivid and attractive. There are many kinds of definitions of translation. With regards to translation, people can not simply define as "a kind of language of another kind of form." With the development of translation theory and practice, translators are on the translation of the continuous generation of new knowledge, different translators, and translators in different periods of translation are also different interpretations of the concept, which explain the strengths and weaknesses, while others are more comprehensive, and some are more one-sided. Giving an accurate definition of translation is a thorny issue. At present, there are many kinds of definitions, and here are some typical definitions.

ZhangPeiji thinks that translation is an activity of language which uses one language to express contents of another language accurately and completely. (Zhangpeiji, 1921) Caiyi thinks that translation is a language used to convey the information expressed in another language. (Caiyi, 1927) Fengqinghua believes that translation is a kind of activity in many languages, it is in a language form to another form of language where the contents of the re-shown by the language of practical activities. Translation is an art, is a re-creation of language arts. (Fengqinghua, 1958) Catford, a famous English translation theorist believes that the definition may be translated this way: put the chapter materials in a language in the chapter material in another language to be replaced.Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning, and secondly in terms of style. (Eugene Nida, 1914)

2.2 The word feature of translation of basketball

To use ordinary indefinite tense instead of simple past tense, in order to express more vividly and effectively. For example, “The final score is 98 to 82in the whole game.”;“Rockets beat Lakers 55 to 50 at first half.”

To use passive sentences express active significance. In general, when an appropriate action is issued, there is no need to be mentioned, or it is difficult to say people who want to emphasize the use of action of bearer.For example, “He got a nice ball.”

To use the imperative sentences frequently and simple language is necessary. For

example, “Well saved” (漂亮的救球),”good shot”(好球). Though these sentences have no subject, it expresses the meaning clearly, so there is no problem to understand. In general, the imperative sentences are so short that the recipient of language can not be understood the meaning clearly.

2.3 The function of translation

The communication is the main function of English translation of basketball。Firstly translator must understand coach?s meaning, and then translators express the coach?s meaning to players clearly. Let the players under stand the coach?s requirement s and execute tactical better on the pitch and play their competitive level effectively. On the other hand, good translation can make foreign and local players? communicate with each other better, and make them cooperate better on the pitch. For example, translation can make foreign and local players know how to confirm their own positions and what they should do in the pitch.

3. The characteristics of the words translating basketball games

3.1 Words of being lively

In the translation of basketball, the words used are lively, interesting and vivid. For example, …Pick?, it usually means selecting one from many things, but in the English term of basketball, people translate …cover?. It means attacking players standing on one side or standing behind enemy defensive players to hinder defensive players. And …press?, people usually translate …use hands or something push something down?. In the English term of basketball, people translate …tight defensive?. It includes “full-court press”, “half-court press”, “zone press”, “one-man press” and “two-man press”. There are many similar examples in the translation of English term of basketball, these words are vivid, and they make the translation of English term of basketball express more accurately.

3.2 Rich in Compound words

There are many compound words in English term of basketball. These compound words not only make the English term of basketball richer, but also break through the bound of basketball English. Such as …free-throw? ,when the foul will be appeared in game, it?s …free-throw? time. And …away game?, a basketball team goes to other city t o play game, this situation we call …away game?. The common meaning of “free agent” is an agent of institution.

In basketball English, it means a player who his contract expires, also means this professional player not bound by contract. There are two kinds of free agent: unrestricted free agent and restricted free agent. “behind-the-back”,in basketball game, this words have two meanings. One means when one player dribbles, he hides his ball behind his body, in order to avoid the defense; another means pass the ball behind his body, in order to the ball not to be stole. And in common translation, this word just means behind somebody. This kind of compound word not only so short that players can understand clearly in competitive game, it not only avoids long words wasting time, but also reduces translators?pressure and makes players can understand better. So the compound words are very important in basketball game.

3.3 Short terms of words

The words of basketball English is a kind of special vocabulary, many simple words have specific meaning in basketball English. Such as “tie”, the common meaning of tie is knotting something, but in English of basketball, tie means the game?s score is the same. Words are very short in the translation of English term of basketball. The feature is that it is intend to use less word as far as possible to express complicated meaning in the translation of English term of basketball, and make player understand couch?s arrangement quickly in competitive game. For example, …charging foul? means when you are dribbling, you are hitting the opposite player at the same time. …D ouble team? means that us ing two players to defense a player. In the game, coaches just use these words to express his meaning. “Chest”, in common translation, it means a part above the waist and below the neck of our body. But in basketball translation, it means pass the ball before this part. This kind of short can save the time and let the information of coaches and players transfers quickly.

4. The influence of the translation of English terms of basketball on basketball game.

4.1Elements which influence the translation

4.1.1 The interpreters’ language ability.

To solve the problem of communication of between foreign players and local players in matches and trainings is the main purpose of club. The continuity of the basketball training process and specialization of technical requirements requires that translators should be quick,

accurate and efficient in language transformation. Especially in the game, the translation should be highlighted more effectively and accurately. Then foreign players just can improve their execution and play their competition effectively. Otherwise, it may cause the club?s unnecessary losses. So translators? level is very important for club.

Most English translators have bilingual ability,but the masters?degrees are relatively few and lack the ability of good oral and written expression. Some translators have never take part in basketball game before, and they are more likely to make mistakes when translators translate some technical terms of basketball game terms. And the pronunciation of translator is not standard and often make player can not understand clearly.

4.1.2 No standardized management

The translation of English term of basketball is a new career. From the training, qualified certifications to obtain employment is the system of choosing an eligible translator of English terms of basketball. Currently there aren?t any special training institutions which can help choose the translation talents who accord with the requirements of basketball club, so it lacks the resource of professional basketball English translation talents. On the other hand, there aren?t any special administrative departments managing the English translators of basketball club. There are also no relevant service standards and qualified evaluation system in basketball management institution. This situation makes clubs are lack of effective way when they find translators.

4.1.3 No translation training of basketball terminology

Ensuring proper training and correct translation of basketball game is the core of club work, so club?s translators must know the sports English and basketball English very well; they also must be familiar with the basic terms of basketball sports. Generally speaking, not only they need the ability of listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation, but also they should be able to deeply understand the various tactics terminology and truly comprehend the tactical intentions in terms of language expression.So if club can?t grasp this, it is difficult to finish the job.

The translation of English term of basketball is a new career. Due to starting late,the development of this career is relatively immature. T he translators? work ability of this field will be influenced by actual work experience.The investigation of researchers found that the

professional basketball translators only worked 2 years on average, so it is unavoidable to lack work experience compare with the other industries. This will affect their working level. If translators make mistakes at the last moment of pitch or they don?t know terminology well, there are many mistakes and can?t communicate swimmingly. It is not accurate the meaning that some translators expresses between players and coaches. It is different between English translators and sports professional translators. Now more foreign coaches come to local basketball club,the club also needs foreign coaches to communicate with local coaches and players through sports professional translators. If foreign coaches need players to practice the tactics of “half-court press”, but translator translated “half press”, players will be confused. So sports professional translators are important to team. Author thinks that if there is a serious mistake in the translation it may affect results of competition or lose game.

4.2 Results of translator’s mistakes

4.2.1 Tactical Chaos of Basketball

Coach is a leader of a team. Coach?s words and tactic is order. Translator is a person who conveys order to foreign players. If the translators have no good level, they can not express couch?s meaning clearly, and then players can not executive couch?s tac tics very well. On the other hand, foreigner players must communicate with local players, not only in the game or training, but also in life. The communication must be helped by translators. So a unqualified translator can make foreign players and local players appear turnovers frequently and not trippingly cooperate with each other,because they can not communicate with each other very well.

4.2.2 Success or failure of competition

The result of tactics chaos is losing the game at a critical moment. For example, at the key moment in the game, coach needs players to use the tactical of full-court press, but translator translates it to the foreign players as half-court press. Finally, due to the foreign player?s mistake makes club lose the game. After losing the game, the players probably will blame each other. Then the harmony of a team may be damaged. Coach will lose trust to foreign players. In today's society, basketball has developed into a purely commercial movement. So the game is related to club?s profit, if players lose the game, the club will suffer a loss. So a good translator can not only directly affect the players, but also can

indirectly affect the game as well as the club?s business.

5. Conclusion

It can be seen that a translator of English term of basketball can affect the players and the achievement of club. Through analyzing, author thinks that if somebody needs to be a good English translator of basketball term, not only the translators must have good English foundation, but also have much knowledge of basketball. So a good translator of English term of basketball is important to players, coaches and club.

Reference

Bell, Roger T. Translation and Translating: Theory and Practice. Beijin: Foreign Language and Education Press, 2007.

J.C. Catford. Linguistic of translation theory. Oxford University, 1965.

Maria Tymoczko, Edwin Gentzler.Translation and power.Beijin: Foreign Language and Education Press, 2007.

Nida,EugeneA. Language, culture and translation [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language and Education Press, 1993.

程兰芝. 体育开台sports English. 世界图书出版公司,2003.

胡本东. 中国职业篮球俱乐部体育英语翻译人员现状及发展和对策研究. 济宁学院体育系,山东,曲阜,2008.

马国力. 体育英语.外语教学与研究出版社,2002.

谭载喜. 翻译学. 武汉:湖北教育出版社,2000.

赵桂华. 翻译理论与技巧. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版,2002.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/355685700.html,/tiyufanyi/Index.html 2010/4/23

Acknowledgments

I would like to thank my supervisor Miss Xie for her invaluable guidance, enthusiasm and support throughout the course of this work. I am also very grateful to Owen Zhang for her helpful comments and insightful suggestions during the research and writing of this thesis.

I would also like to thank Tonney for taking the time to help me.

Many other people have helped and contributed their time to the research of this thesis. My thanks to Miss Min for their invaluable comments and suggestions. I would also like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude toward everyone in the English Department of Yinxing University, especially Miss Min, Mr Hou, for their valuable suggestions and help in these two years of study as well as their friendship. Thanks to all the other friends I have made at Yinxing University for making my stay at campus an enjoyable period of time.

I will always be indebted to my family, especially my parents Sujianping and Xuhuiping.

I would like to thank them for their support and confidence in me. My gratitude goes to everyone at home. This thesis would not have been possible without all their kindness and encouragement.

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心理辅导缺失数据管理的最佳实践 加布里埃尔·l·Schlomer施瑞鲍曼和诺尔卡 亚利桑那大学 这篇文章敦促咨询心理学研究人员识别和报告丢失的数据 处理,因为消费者的研究不能准确地解释发现不知道数量 缺失的数据和模式或策略被用来处理这些数据。缺失的数据模式 综述了,和一些常见的策略来处理他们。作者 提供一个例子,数据模拟和评估3处理缺失数据的方法: 意味着替代,多个归罪,完整的信息极大似然。结果表明, 意味着替代是一个贫穷的方法处理缺失数据,而多个归责和完整 信息极大似然推荐这种方法。作者建议 ,研究人员充分考虑并报告缺失数据的数量和模式和策略 在心理咨询研究和处理这些数据,编辑建议研究人员 期望。 关键词:缺失数据、最佳实践、咨询心理学、多个归罪,完整的信息 最大似然 缺失的数据出现在大多数研究行为科学 (翘起的,2005;埃里森,2005;Orme &里斯,1991;Pigott,2001; 史蒂文斯,1996;Streiner,1996),APA特遣部队在统计推断(威尔金森&特遣部队在统计推断,

1999)建议研究人员报告失踪的模式 数据和统计技术用来解决问题 这些数据创建。虽然适当的报告和处理 缺失的数据对于理解至关重要的结果,这个元素 从报告的研究数据分析通常省略(彭, 哈维尔,宾利,&伊曼,2006;桑德斯et al .,2006)。与 增加计算内存和处理速度、复杂 现在可以通过对缺失数据的分析研究人员 没有昂贵的专用软件。然而,许多 研究人员不知道报告的重要性和管理缺失的数据,和编辑基本上没有坚持 作者提供这些基本信息。 最佳实践与研究要求两个缺失的数据 项目的基本信息,应该在每一个报道 研究:(一)缺失数据的范围和性质和(b) 程序用于管理缺失的数据,包括使用方法选择的基本原理。 在本文中,我们首先检查 最近完成的《咨询 Psychologyto确定作者在这个杂志上有解决这两个项目。然后我们提出建议改善缺失数据报告的期刊文章。最后,我们 提供一个对几种常见的管理方法

论文中英文翻译

An Analysis of Cooperative Principles and Humorous Effects in Friend s 合作原则的分析和在朋友的幽默效应 Humor is a very intriguing and fascinating phenomenon of human society, which is multidimensional, complex and all pervasive. Therefore, many scholars and experts at all times and in all over the world have done profound research on humor. 幽默是人类社会的一个非常有趣和引人入胜的现象,这是多方面的,复杂和无孔不入的。所以,在任何时候,在世界各地的许多学者和专家总是对幽默进行深入的研究。 The significant functions of humor have aroused the interest of many scholars. About 2,000 years ago, people began the research on humor. However, the study of humor is not a simple task for the reason that it is an interdisciplinary science drawing upon a wide range of academic disciplines including biology, psychology, sociology, philosophy, geography, history, linguistics, literature, education, family science, and film studies and so on. Moreover, there are different reasons and purposes for humor. One may wish to be sociable, cope better, seem clever, solve problems, make a critical point, enhance therapy, or express something one could not otherwise express by means of humor. 显著幽默的功能已引起许多学者的兴趣。大约在2000年前,人们对幽默开始研究,然而,这项幽默的研究不是一个简单的任务,理由是它是一个跨学科的科学绘图在各种各样的学科,包括生物学、心理学、社会学、哲学、地理、历史、语言、文学、教育、家庭科学和电影研究等。此外,幽默有不同的原因和目的,人们可能希望有点大男子主义,随机应变,似乎是聪明,解决问题,使一个临界点,加强治疗,或表达的东西不能以其他方式表达幽默的方式。 Within the 20th century, linguistics has developed greatly in almost every area of the discipline from sounds, words and sentences to meaning and texts. Meanwhile, linguistic studies on humor have also extended considerably to social, cultural, and pragmatic concerns. One of the most noticeable achievements in linguistics over the

中英文翻译论文题目选题参考

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/355685700.html, 中英文翻译论文题目 一、最新中英文翻译论文选题参考 1、中西菜谱及饮食文化交流中的中英文翻译 2、中英文翻译软件的开发与应用 3、中西饮食文化交流中菜谱的中英文翻译 4、文化翻译观视域下蒙古族民俗文物名称中英翻译的思考 5、中英翻译中的显化现象分析 6、云南民族村景点介绍的中英翻译效果——基于功能翻译理论的一个案例分析 7、面向全球制造的工艺设计与中英文翻译系统开发研究 8、中英文翻译中的文化语境研究 9、构建民族性:后殖民语境下的中英网站翻译 10、现行女性主义翻译理论之缺憾-以张爱玲的中英翻译为例 11、中英文翻译疑惑词语例说 12、顺应论视角下政治演讲的中英翻译研究 13、从功能翻译理论角度看中文食品说明书的中英翻译 14、论商品包装的中英文翻译——以对等理论为指导 15、影响中英广告翻译的文化因素及其翻译方法 16、中文文史期刊中英文翻译的若干问题 17、中英翻译的文化素养 18、小议文化因素对中英翻译的影响及解决方法 19、跨文化交际意识与中英对话翻译

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/355685700.html, 20、中英语言翻译中的几种常见现象 二、中英文翻译论文题目大全 1、中英文翻译中的异化 2、中英翻译中不同思维模式的转换 3、中英翻译归化现象透视 4、学术论文中英文翻译的不一致现象 5、论中英人名翻译 6、功能翻译理论角度的人力资源管理的中英翻译——以人事招聘与制度编制文本翻译为例 7、“中华老字号”中英翻译存在的问题及策略研究 8、北京地区高校校园标识语中英翻译调查研究 9、从跨文化传播角度浅谈商标的中英文翻译 10、数字出版中统计excel中英文翻译自动程序化的应用 11、中西文化差异视角下的中英翻译 12、“爱屋及乌”的中英翻译国俗语义差异 13、从《毛选》英译看政治文献中英翻译的冗余度平衡 14、景区标识语中英翻译实证研究 15、中英字幕翻译中的文化差异及文化意象的处理策略 16、论语法意识在中英翻译中的意义 17、文化自觉与自信语境下的中英姓名翻译 18、中西文化差异下的中英歌词翻译原则及方法 19、从中西文化的差异性浅析中英翻译

毕业论文英语翻译及原文

A RESEARCH ON DATA PROCESSING MODEL OF GPS DAM DEFORMATION MONITORING NETWORK Abstract: Considering the particularity of the GPS dam deformation monitoring network, a data processing model based on the station orthogonal coordinate system for three-dimension GPS dam deformation monitoring network, was put forward. Also, a mathematical model of using the clustering analysis method in fuzzy mathematics to test the relative stability of quasi-stable points(or datum marks) was successfully brought forward. The adjustment method during the course of data processing was quasi-stable adjustment. At last, a software system of three-dimension GPS dam deformation monitoring network was designed and opened up with the help of Visual Basic Language. With three periods o'bservation data from the GPS deformation monitoring network of a dam, an adjustment calculation was done by the software.The calculation result shows that the mathematical models can be more suitable for the data processing in GPS dam deformation monitoring network. Key words: GPS, Dam deformation monitoring, Quasi-stable adjustment, Clustering analysis 1.Introduction WGS-84 coordinate system is generally used in GPS. But local or independent coordinate systems are usually chosen in dam deformation monitoring networks for their small areas. During the course of past data processing, the adjustment under WGS-84 coordinate system for

英语专业毕业论文翻译类论文

英语专业毕业论文翻译 类论文 Document number:NOCG-YUNOO-BUYTT-UU986-1986UT

毕业论文(设计)Title:The Application of the Iconicity to the Translation of Chinese Poetry 题目:象似性在中国诗歌翻译中的应用 学生姓名孔令霞 学号 BC09150201 指导教师祁晓菲助教 年级 2009级英语本科(翻译方向)二班 专业英语 系别外国语言文学系

黑龙江外国语学院本科生毕业论文(设计)任务书 摘要

索绪尔提出的语言符号任意性,近些年不断受到质疑,来自语言象似性的研究是最大的挑战。语言象似性理论是针对语言任意性理论提出来的,并在不断发展。象似性是当今认知语言学研究中的一个重要课题,是指语言符号的能指与所指之间的自然联系。本文以中国诗歌英译为例,探讨象似性在中国诗歌翻译中的应用,从以下几个部分阐述:(1)象似性的发展;(2)象似性的定义及分类;(3)中国诗歌翻译的标准;(4)象似性在中国诗歌翻译中的应用,主要从以下几个方面论述:声音象似、顺序象似、数量象似、对称象似方面。通过以上几个方面的探究,探讨了中国诗歌翻译中象似性原则的重大作用,在诗歌翻译过程中有助于得到“形神皆似”和“意美、音美、形美”的理想翻译效果。 关键词:象似性;诗歌;翻译

Abstract The arbitrariness theory of language signs proposed by Saussure is severely challenged by the study of language iconicity in recent years. The theory of iconicity is put forward in contrast to that of arbitrariness and has been developing gradually. Iconicity, which is an important subject in the research of cognitive linguistics, refers to a natural resemblance or analogy between the form of a sign and the object or concept. This thesis mainly discusses the application of the iconicity to the translation of Chinese poetry. The paper is better described from the following parts: (1) The development of the iconicity; (2) The definition and classification of the iconicity; (3) The standards of the translation to Chinese poetry; (4) The application of the iconicity to the translation of Chinese poetry, mainly discussed from the following aspects: sound iconicity, order iconicity, quantity iconicity, and symmetrical iconicity. Through in-depth discussion of the above aspects, this paper could come to the conclusion that the iconicity is very important in the translation of poetry. It is conductive to reach the ideal effect of “the similarity of form and spirit” and “the three beauties”. Key words: the iconicity; poetry; translation

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