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八年级上册英语第一单元

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?

知识点一：Where did you go on vacation?

本句为一般过去时的特殊疑问句，

其句式结构为“____________________”,句中________是助动词do 的过去式。____________是度假的意思。“on+名词”表示在某种状态中或从事某种活动。

依照例句改写下列句子

e.g.He went to the Central Park.

→He didn?t go to the Central Park.

Did he go to the Central Park?

Yes,he did./No,he didn?t.

1.She visited her uncle.

2.We studied for exams last week.

3.They went to the movies yesterday.

e.g.I went to the summer camp.

→Where did you go?

1.My grandma stayed at home last week.

2.They went to the beach on vacation.

3.The weather is awful.

4.The people there were unfriendly.

知识点二：一般过去时

请用正确动词形式填空。

1. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend.

2. ---_________ she _________(practice) her guitar yesterday?

---No, she _________.

3.---What ________ Tom ________ (do) on Saturday evening?

---He ________(watch) TV and __________(read) an interesting

book.

4.They all _________(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.

5. She _________(not visit) her aunt last weekend.

She ________ (stay) at home and _________(do) some cleaning.

总结：

1. 定义：一般过去时表示_______________所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间_____________________________________等连用。

2. 一般过去时对谓语动词的要求

一般过去时用动词的过去式构成。动词过去式的构成分__________和__________两种形式，不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆，规则变化则遵循以下原则：

(1)一般_________。如：play—played, offer—offered

(2)在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加______.如：like—liked

(3)在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，_______________。如：plan—planned

(4) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则___________如：fly—flied

口诀：一加ed,二加d,三要双写，四注意，y变成ied,特殊形式特殊记。

练习题：

1.—What did you do on vacation?

—I_____to New York City.

A.go

B.going

C.went

D.goes

2.They helped me_____my books.

A. finded

B. find

C. found

D. finding

3.What_____you_____last night?

A. did, do

B. do, do

C. did, doing

D. are, do

4.—Where did she go on vacation?

—She_____to the beach.

A. go

B. goes

C. went

D. going

5. Did he go to Central Park?

Yes, he_____.

A. did

B. didn?t

C. do

D. Does

句型变换：

1．Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）

Lucy ________ _______ her homework at home.

2．He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句)

___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the fridge?

3．There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)

_______ there _______ orange in the cup?

4. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句）

_______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history?

5. Why not go out for a walk? （同义句）

_______ ________ ________ out for a walk?

翻译下列句子

1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。

I _________ _________ __________ __________ exciting weekend.

2.Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。

Jenny likes _________ __________. She _________ an English book last night.

3. Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。

Emma__________ TV every day.

But he _________ ________ ________ yesterday.

4. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。

What ________ they _________ _________ Saturday?

They _________ __________ homework and _________ __________.

知识点三：不定代词

1. some, any, no, every与-one, -thing可以组成八个不定代词，他们分别是：

someone, ________ _______ ________ __________ __________ ______________。

2. 带some的复合不定代词常用于肯定句中；带any的复合不定代词常用于否定句或一般疑问句中。例如：

我想吃点东西。I?d like _____________ to eat.

今天有人给我打电话吗？Did ________ call me today?

3.当形容词修饰不定代词时，应放在其后面。

例如：这本书里有什么新东西吗？

Is there __________ _______ in this book?

今天没有什么特别的事。

There?s ___________ ________ today.

4.由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时，都作单数看待，其谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。

例如：

Something is wrong with my watch.

Well, everyone wants to win.

Nobody knows what the future will be like.

There is something for everyone at Greenwood Park.

5.除no one以外，其他复合不定代词都写成一个词。

补充：熟读、翻译并识记下列短语

1.anything but_____________

2.nothing but_____________

3.something/anything of_____________

4.much of_____________

5.nothing/ little of_____________

6.something like____________

7.second to none____________

8.all to nothing____________

9.for nothing____________

10.be nothing to____________

11.to say nothing of____________

12.go for nothing____________

13.have nothing to do but do sth.____________

14.there is nothing to do sth.____________

15.nothing but____________

16.nothing if not___________

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3513335121.html,e to nothing___________

18.think nothing of____________

19.have nothing to do with____________

20there is nothing in it.___________

21.anything but____________

如：他并不用功。____________

22.nothing adj to do ____________

如：今天下午我没有什么特殊的事要做。____________

23.nothing but____________

24.have nothing to do but do sth.=have no chance but to do sth.____________ 如：我今天早上只喝了杯茶。____________

I had nothing to do but watch TV.____________

翻译：

①He is something of a philosopher.____________________

②He has seen something of life.____________________

③He is very much of a poet.____________________

④He is nothing of a musician.____________________

⑤He is little of a scholar.____________________

⑥It shaped something like a cigar.____________________

⑦He's anything but diligent.____________________

⑧The boy is nothing but a rascal.____________________

There was nothing but silence in the room.____________________

知识点四：小组讨论并回答下列问题

1. What do people usually do on vacation?

_______________________________________________________

2. What activities do you find enjoyable?

________________________________________________________

读课文（P5），小组合作回答下列问题

(1) Did Jane have a good time on Monday?_________________________

(2)What about on Tuesday?____________________________________

(3) When did Jane arrive in Penang?______________________________

(4) How did Jane and her father go to Penang Hill? __________________

(5) Did Jane?s father bring enough money on Tuesday?______________

(6) What was the weather like on July 16th?________________________

补充：

1.few, a few为__________,修饰________。

其中few意为not many, not enough即：___________表示否定.

如：Few of us speak Russian. 我们当中几乎没有人说俄语。

a few意为some, not many即：“一些”、“不多”，虽少但是有表示肯定。

如：I'm going to buy a few bananas. 我打算去买一些香蕉。

2.little, a little作不定代词时，主要_______。

其中little意为not much, not enough即：_________表示否定。

如：There is little ink in my pen.

我的钢笔没墨水了。

a little意为some, not much即___________表示肯定。

如: She knows a little of everything. 她每件事都知道一点。

3. try 意为____________ 固定搭配：

(1)try to do sth _____________

(2)try doing sth __________

(3)try one?s best to do sth____________

熟读、翻译并识记下列短语

1、stayed at home ____________ 2. went to New York City_____________

3.visited my uncle______________

4. went to summer camp_____________

5.went to the mountains___________

6. went to the beach________________

7.visited museums_____________

连词成句

1. did. Where, go, you, vacation, on

_________________________________________？

2. last, I, on, was, vacation, month

__________________________________________.

3. go, did, anywhere, you, interesting

_________________________________________?

4. you, did, go, anyone, with

__________________________________________.

5. vacation, was, how, your

___________________________________________?

任务型阅读

Dear Julia ,

Last weekend was a busy time for me . (A) It was a mixture of work and fun .

On Saturday morning. My parents went shopping for clothes. My brother Henry played basketball with his friends. (B) I studied for the math test at home .In the afternoon, I went to the beach . On Saturday night my family had dinner together .Then we went to the movies.

On Sunday morning, my brother and I cleaned our rooms. In the afternoon, my grandparents visited us . We were happy to see them. They had dinner with us. After dinner, we watched TV. I was tired on Sunday night. I went to bed early.

David

1. How was David?s last weekend?

2. What did David?s parents do on Saturday morning?

3. Who came to David?s house on Sunday afternoon ?

4. 将（A）句译成汉语

5. 将（B）句译成汉语

知识点五：重要句子

1. I felt like I was a bird. 我觉得自己就像一只鸟。

句中felt 是feel的过去式。feel like 的意思是________________, like 是_____ 词，后面常跟________ 作宾语。

如：I feel like ________ (play) soccer after school.

拓展：feel 用作系动词，表示__________, 主语是________,也可以是_______

如：Cotton feels soft. 棉花摸上去很柔软。

I feel terrible this morning. 我今天早晨感觉很糟糕。

例：Which dress do you prefer?

—The red one. It ______ more comfortable.

A. feels

B. smells

C. sounds

2. I wonder what life was like here in the past.我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的。

本句是what 引导的_________ 从句，_______________是从句，该从句的的语序应为____________ 语序。

如：I don?t know what I should do next. 我不知道我下一步应该怎么做。

例：We want to know _________ to help them.

A. what can we do

B. what we can do

C. how can we do

D. how we can do

3.What a difference a day makes！多么不同的一天呀！

本句中What 引导的感叹句，what 修饰名词。如：What a beautiful flow it is! 它是一朵多么漂亮的花啊！

拓展：感叹句的用法：(1) what+a/an+ 形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓

语！如：多么有趣的一部电影啊！______________________________

(2)what +形容词+复数名词或不可数名词+主语+谓语！

如：孩子们正在读的书是多么有趣啊！___________________________

(3)how +形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！

如：How heavy a box they are carrying! _________________________________________

(4)How + 形容词+主语+谓语！

(5)如: 这个女孩多聪明啊！____________________

(5)How + 副词+主语+谓语！如：How fast Jim runs!吉姆跑的多快啊！

(6)How + 主语+谓语！

如：时间过得真快啊！__________________________________

（1）because of 介词短语，“因为，由于”，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。如：因为坏天气，我们不能出去了。_______________________________.

（2）because 连词，“因为”，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。

如：I don?t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.

5.Still no one seemed to be bored.仍然没有人看起来无聊。

1）Seem可作不及物动词或连系动词，“好像，似乎，看来”

如：Everything seems easy.

拓展：Seem的用法：

seem + 形容词“看起来…..”

You seem happy today.

seem + to do sth. “似乎、好像做某事”

I seem to have a cold.

It seems / seemed + 从句“看起来好像…；似乎…”.

It seems that no one believe you.

④seem like ….“好像，似乎…..”

It seems like a good idea.

2）bored,boring辨析

Bored ：“厌倦的；感到无聊的”，一般在句中修饰人，作表语。

Boring：“无趣的；令人厌烦的；单调的”，一般在句中修饰事或物，可作表语和定语。如：I'm bored with what he said. I find the story very boring.

6.I went to a friend's farm in the country with my family.我和家人一起去了乡下一个朋友的农场。

a friend's farm是名词所有格形式，“一个朋友的农场”。

拓展：名词的所有格：

名词的所有格主要表示所属关系，它有两种构成方式，即-?s 所有格和of 所有格

一）?s格的用法

1）主要用于有生命的名词，其所有格构成为：单数名词后加's；复数名词以s作结尾的后加'，不以s作结尾的后加's。

总结：复数名词以s结尾加?，其他都加?s

如：Tom's dog, my brother's books, Mary's boyfriend, sheep's skin, your

boss?decisio n.

2）用于表示时间，距离，地点，团体，重量，价格这六类无生命名词的所有格，也要加's 表示所有，

翻译:

a day's work_______________

two miles' distance_______________

ten dollars' worth, _______________

five miles' distance,_______________

twenty pounds' weight，_______________

Beijing's future, _______________

the government's decision，_______________

Japan's industry，_______________

the earth?plants._______________

3）所有格的一个特殊形式：

共有物，只在最后一个名词的后面加's，即“共有物，最后加”；

不共有，则每个名词之后都要加's，即“各自有，各自加”；

如：(Bill和Hillary共有的房子) _______________

(Bill和Hillary各自的房子)_______________

4）所有格的省略：表示理发店、商店等名词或一些习惯用法，

如: the barber's. my sister?s, the tailor?s.

二）of所有格的用法

主要用于无生命的名词，其所有格构成为：“of+名词”的结构。

如：a map of China

7.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.

因为人太多，所以我们等了一个多小时的火车。

1）Wait for 意思是_______________，其后可接_______________

如：I …ll wait for you at the door.

Tom was waiting for a bus over there.

2）over：（prep.）

a）意思是：_______________（表示数目、程度）”= more than

如：My father is over 40 years old.

b)“在…之上，与物体垂直且不接触”，与under 相反。

如：There is a map over the blackboard.

c）“超过”：I hear the news over the radio.

d）“遍及”：I want to travel all over the world.

3）too many，too much，much too

a）too many 意思是_______________，后接_______________。

如：Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.

b）too much 意思是_______________，后接_______________

如：We have too much work to do. Don?t talk too much.

c）much too “太”，修饰形容词或副词。

如：The hat is much too big for me.

You?re walking much too fast.

小结：

分辨三者的口诀：

too much, much too, 用法区别看后头：much 后接不可数，too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。

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