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英语：必修5-Unit2-The-United-Kingdom知识点剖析(人教新课标)

Unit 2 The United Kingdom (知识点剖析)

1.consist vi. 组成；一致

【经典例句】The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

【考点聚焦】固定搭配：consist of(由……组成)，其近义词(组)为include；be made up of，如： His job consists of (is made up of/includes)helping old people who live alone.

他的工作包括帮助独居的老人。

2. puzzle n.&vt. 难题，谜；使迷惑

【经典例句】 n. The meaning of the poem has always been a puzzle. 这首诗的意思一直是个谜。

v. This letter puzzles me. 这封信使我迷惑不解。

【考点聚焦】1）puzzle可用作名词或动词，作名词时，意为“难题；谜；测验能力的问题(或玩具)”，可喻为“复杂难懂的事物”。

2) puzzled adj. 表示自己感到迷惑，如：

There was a puzzled expression on his face. 他的脸上露出迷惑不解的表情。

puzzling adj. 表示令人感到迷惑，如： His answer is puzzling. 他的回答令人迷惑。

3. clarify vt. 澄清；阐明

【经典例句】I’ll clarify my stand at a proper time. 我将在合适的时候澄清我的立场。

4. convenience n. 方便；便利

【巧记提示】convenient(方便的)+ 去t + -ence (名词后缀)

【经典例句】I kept my reference book near my desk for convenience. 我把参考书放在书桌旁用着方便。【考点聚焦】1）固定搭配：at one’s convenience在……方便时

2）同根词：convenient adj. 便利的；方便的，如：

Our house is convenient for the hospital. 我们家到医院很方便。

3）convenience意为“便利”时，为不可数名词；意为“有用的安排”时为可数名词。

5. construct vt. 建设；建造

【经典例句】They’re planning to construct a new supermarket in our neighborhood.

他们正在计划在我们社区兴建一个新的超级市场。

【考点聚焦】1）固定搭配：be under construction正在建设中。

2）同根词：construction n. 建筑；解释；造句；constructive adj. 建设性的

6. .influence n. 影响，有影响的人(或事) vt. 影响，改变

【经典例句】n. My teacher’s influence made me study science at college. 受我的老师影响，我上大学学了理科。 v. The weather influences crops. 天气影响农作物。

【考点聚焦】固定搭配：have an influence on...对……有影响，如：

My parents considered my friends have a bad influence on me. 我父母认为我朋友对我有不良影响。

7. arrange ［′reＩnd］ vt. 安排；整理

【经典例句】Her parents arranged a big party for her twentieth birthday.

她父母为她的20岁生日安排了一个大型派对。

【考点聚焦】固定搭配：arrange for 安排，如：

The meeting was arranged for the next week. 那场会议被安排在了下星期。

8. available adj. 可以得到的；可利用的；有效的

【经典例句】Tickets are available from the box office.

售票处可以买到票。

【考点聚焦】available还可以意为“可见客的；有用的；有资格的”等。如：

She is not available.她没空。（她有男朋友了。）

He is not available for the job.他不适宜做这个工作。

9. delight n. 快乐；高兴 vt. 使高兴

【经典例句】 vt. The food will delight anyone who loves chocolate.

这种食品将会使所有喜欢巧克力的人感到高兴。

【考点聚焦】固定搭配：to somebody’s delight / to the delight of sb.令某人高兴的是……,如：

To the delight of his parents, he has made a full recovery. 令他父母高兴的是他已经完全恢复了。

10. unfair adj. 不公平的；违反规则的

【经典例句】We should prevent unfair competition. 我们应该防止不公平的竞争。

【考点聚焦】固定搭配：be unfair of 不公平，如：

It’s unfair of you to criticize him for things he cannot help.

批评那些他也无可奈何的事不公平。

（二）短语·巧记·典句·考点

1. break away(from) 挣脱

【经典例句】The American southern states wanted to break away from the Union.美国南方各州想脱离联邦。【考点聚焦】

2. divide into 分开

【经典例句】The students in the class were divided into four groups before they started the game.

在开始做游戏前，这个班的学生被分为了四组。

【考点聚焦】易混词组：separate...from...意为“使分开；使分离；分手”，指把原来结合在一起或混杂的东西分开，被分开的东西没有任何统一性。如:

England is separated from France by the English Channel.

英国和法国被英吉利海峡分开。

3. be known as 被称作；被认为

【经典例句】He is known as a fair judge. 他被认为是一位公正的法官。

【考点聚焦】be known as 以……而知名、著称；

be known by根据(按照) ……得知(较少用)；

be known for 因……而众所周知；

be known to则意为“为……所知”，指某个地方或某一范围的人知道。如：

A man is known by the company he keeps. 看其交友可知其人。

She was well-known as an excellent dancer. 她作为一名优秀的舞蹈家而闻名。

He’s known for his readiness to help others. 他乐于助人是非常闻名的。

He’s known to the police as a thief. 警察都知道他是个小偷。

4. make ... worthwhile 使……有价值

【经典例句】He did everything to make the trip worthwhile. 他做了很多事情使这次旅行很值得。

【考点聚焦】相关词组：be worthwhile to do sth.做……有价值，如：

It is worthwhile to buy the dictionary. 买这本字典很值。

（三）句子·剖析·拓展

1. Although the four countries do work together in some areas，they are still very different.

虽然这四个国家确实在某些领域合作，但它们仍然非常不同。

【剖析】1）本句是复合句，although 引导让步状语从句。

2）状语从句中do work 为强调结构。强调谓语动词时，在动词原形前加do，does或did。如：

Do be careful！千万要小心！

He did have a good time last night.

他昨天晚上的确玩得很开心。

【拓展】注意：do的这种用法只用于肯定句，且只有现在时和过去时两种时态。如：

I do hope you have a merry Christmas！衷心祝你圣诞快乐！

He did read the letter just now. 他刚才的确读过那封信。

2. It looked splendid when first built. 刚建起来的时候很辉煌。

【剖析】1）本句是一个复合句，when引导时间状语从句。

2）When first built是When it was first built的省略形式。

【拓展】状语从句中，若从句的主语和主句的主语一致，同时谓语含有系动词be或从句为：it is 结构时，往往省去该从句的主语和be动词。如：

Be careful when（you are）crossing the street. 过街时要当心。

Turn to him for help if （it is）necessary. 如果有必要可求助于他。

我的所有希望都破灭了。

语法·剖析

英语中，过去分词可以用作宾语补足语。能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或完成意义，有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：

She found the door broken in when she came back. 她回来时发现有人破门而入。

(此句中过去分词作宾语补足语，与宾语door之间具有被动关系，表示一种状态。)

为了使同学们对过去分词作宾语补足语的用法有一个系统而又具体的认识，本文对以下几种用法进行分析并加以概括，以利于大家掌握。

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