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复旦中哲考题总结(考研考博历年试题按哲学史顺序)

复旦中哲考题总结(考研考博历年试题按哲学史顺序)
复旦中哲考题总结(考研考博历年试题按哲学史顺序)

?先秦儒家到法家:

注:F为复旦,Y为考研试题,B为考博试题,05,10……为考试年份,后面是分值●中国哲学的特征。(FB05,20’)

●道器(FY10,5’)

●《论语》中关于正名的一段。

●正名是什么?分析孔子正名思想的意义和价值。(FB10,10’)

●孔子的仁与礼(FB12,20’)孔子“仁”的特点是?它与“礼”的关系如何?(10FY,20’)

试评述孔子关于仁与礼关系的思想。(FY02,15’)孔子关于仁与礼的思想。(FY08,15’)

●《国语·郑语》,史伯说:“夫和实生物,同则不继。以他平他谓之和,故能丰

长而物归之。若以同稗同尽。乃弃矣。故先王以土与金、木、水、火、杂,以成百物。”(翻译)

●孟子的良心(FB12,5’)

●万物皆备于我(FY05,10’)

●“口之于味也,有同耆焉;耳之于声也,有同听焉;目之于色也,有同美焉。至于心,

独无所同然乎?心之所同然者何也?谓理也,义也。圣人先得我心之所同然耳。故理义之悦我心,犹刍豢(16)之悦我口。”(原著题FB09,10)

●解释孟子的“乃若其情,则可以为善,乃所谓善也。若夫为不善,非才之罪也”。(10F

Y,8’)

●仁政(10分)(09FY)

●谈谈民贵君轻的思想来源及其哲学意义(FY07,15’)

●“孟子曰:“牛山①之木尝美矣,以其郊于大国②也,斧斤伐之,可以为美乎?是其

日夜之所息③,雨露之所润,非无萌蘖④之生焉,牛羊又从而牧之,是以若彼濯濯⑤也。人见其濯濯也,以为未尝有材⑥焉,此岂山之性也哉?

虽存乎人者,岂无仁义之心哉!其所以放其良心⑦者,亦犹斧斤之于木也。旦旦而伐之,可以为美乎?其日夜之所息,平旦之气⑧,其好恶与人相近也者几希⑨,则其旦昼之所为,有梏亡之⑩矣。梏之反复,则其夜气不足以存;夜气不足以存,则其违禽兽不远矣。人见其禽兽也,而以为未尝有才焉者,是岂人之情也哉?

故苟得其养,无物不长;苟失其养,无物不消。孔子曰:‘操则存,舍则亡,出入无时,莫知其乡。’惟心之谓与!”

这段文字表达的主要思想。(09FY,15’)

●荀子天官(6分)(09FY)

●抱法处势(FY11,5’)

●荀子的化性起伪(FY,5’)

●“人之性恶,其善者伪也。今人之性,生而有好利焉,顺是,故争夺生而辞让亡焉;

生而有疾恶焉,顺是,故残贼生而忠信亡焉;生而有耳目之欲,有好声色焉,顺是,故淫乱生而礼义文理亡焉。然则从人之性,顺人之情,必出于争夺,合于犯分乱理,而归于暴,故必将有师法之化,礼义之道,然后出于辞让,合于文理,而归于治。用此观之,然则,人之性恶,明矣。其善者伪也。”

这段文字是谁说的,“其善者伪也”中“伪”字是什么意思。(09FY,15’)

?墨家:

●墨家十事(FY07,10’)

●兼爱(FY02,15’)尚同(FY11,5’)

●三表法 (FB07,8’)三表法。(10FY,5’)

●儒家对墨子“兼爱”学说的批评。(FY11,15’)

●儒家对墨子思想的批评。(FY12,10’)

●儒家、墨家异同评议。(FY07,30’)

●龟长于蛇(6分)(09FY)

●火不热(FY11,5’)

?道家:

●《老子》反仁、义、礼、智、信的一段。“上德不德是以有德,下德不失德是以无德……”。

简述本章老子思想的主要内容?(FB10,10’)

●解释“反者道之动,弱者道之用”。(10FY,8’)

●道家思想是否以宇宙生成论为根基?(FY11,15’)

●老子道法自然思想。(FY12,10’)

●“道生之,德畜之,物形之,势成之。是以万物莫不尊道而贵德。道之尊,德之贵,

夫莫之命而常自然。故道生之,德畜之,长之育之,亭之毒之;养之覆之。生而不有,为而不恃,长而不宰,是谓玄德。”(10FY,翻译)

●朴(6分)(09FY)

●老子与庄子思想之异同。(FY05,25’)

●庄子的心与形(FB12,5’)

●庄子《齐物论》大义。(FY12,30’)

●《庄子.齐物论》中“有始也者,有未始有始也者,有未始有夫未始有始也者。有有也者,

有无也者,有未始有无也者,有未始有夫未始有无也者。俄而有无矣,而未知有无之果孰有孰无也”。(加标点,10分)

●南海之帝为倏,北海之帝为忽,中央之帝为浑饨。倏与忽时相与遇于浑沌之地,浑沌

待之甚善。倏与忽谋报浑沌之德,曰:“人皆有七窍以视听食息,此独无有,尝试凿之。”

日凿一窍,七日而浑沌死。这段文字是哪学派的,其寓意是什么。(09FY,15’)

?两汉经学:

●谶纬(FY11,5’)

●董仲舒天人感应论。(FY12,10’)

●天人相副(FY07,10’)董仲舒用“人副天数”想说明什么?(10FY,8’)

●从先秦至两汉儒家思想的发展脉络及其特色。(FY08,45’)

?隋唐佛学:

●文中子(10FY,5’)

●大乘(FY02,15’)

●格义(FY,5’)

●龙树的思想(FB12,5’)

●一念三千(6)(09FY)

?魏晋玄学:

●魏晋玄学的主要内容,并比较其与老庄哲学的异同。(10FY,20’)玄学(FB05,5’)

●正始之音(10FY,5’)

●以物观物(09FY,10’)

●(王弼)崇本举末(FY11,5’)

●魏晋名教与自然之争的主要观点。(FY07,15’)

●言意关系。(FY12,10’)得意忘言(10分)(09FY)

(《庄子·外物》:“蹄者所以在兔,得兔而忘蹄。言者所以在意,得意而忘言。”)

●何叔平注老子初成诣王辅嗣见王注精奇日若斯人也可以语天人之际也因此所注道德二

经。(原句大概是这样的了)(标点与翻译09FY,25分)

?宋明理学:

●韩愈《原道》(FY05,10’)

●道统论(08FY,6’)

●民胞吾与的意义(25分)(09FY)民胞物与(10FY,5’)

●张载的“太虚无形,气之本体。其聚齐散,变化之客形尔。至静无感,性之渊源,有

识有知,物交之客感尔”(10FY,翻译)

●二程关于“天理”的思想有哪些?并论述其在宋明理学中的地位、影响、作用。(10FY,20’)●“天之付与谓命?……”这是二程的什么思想,简要分析命、性、心、理之间的关系。

(FB10,10’)

●性即理(FY07,5’)

●朱熹的十六字心决(10分)(09FY)

●理一分殊、(10FY,5’)

●朱熹对“无极而太极”的解释是?(10FY,8’)

●是关于理和气的关系。(原著题FB09,10)

●无极太极之辨(FY,5’)

●心统性情(FY11,5’)中和新说(FY,5’)

●谈一谈朱熹的理欲观以及戴震对其的批判(FY07,45’)

●王阳明与朱子心性理论之比较。(FY12,30’)

●解释“知行两字原是说一个工夫”。(10FY,8’)知行合一、(FB05,5’)

●王阳明的良知。(原著题FB09,10)

●致良知(FB07,8’) 致良知(10分)(09FY)

●郑朝朔问:“至善亦须有从事物上求者?”先生曰:“至善只是此心纯乎天理之极便是,

更于事物上怎生求?且试说几件看。”朝朔曰:“且如事亲,如何而为温凊之节,如何而为奉养之宜,须求个是当,方是至善,所以有学问思辩之功。”先生曰:“若只是温凊之节、奉养之宜,可一日二日讲之而尽,用得甚学问思辩?惟于温凊时,也只要此心纯乎天理之极;奉养时,也只要此心纯乎天理之极。此则非有学问思辩之功,将不免于毫厘千里之谬,所以虽在圣人犹加‘精一’之训。若只是那些仪节求得是当,便谓至善,即如今扮戏子,扮得许多温凊奉养的仪节是当,亦可谓之至善矣。”爱于是日又有省。这段文字的主要思想,是针对哪一学派的何种观点。(09FY,15’)

●戢山诚意学说。(FY12,10’)

●稷山论王学之弊。(FY11,15‘)

?明清实学:

●泰州学派(10FY,5’) 淮南格物(FY,5’)

●方以智的质测(10分)(09FY)

●絜矩(10FY,5’) (曾子在《大学》里所提出的“絜矩”之道,也就是后来子思所著的《中

庸》之谓“中”的由来。)

●中体西用(FY05,10’)

●《海国图志》((FY04,10’))

●贞元六书(FY07,5’)

●理解龚自珍的“我气造天地”的哲学涵义。(10FY,8’)

●写出下列作品的作者:

●《文中子中说》《法言》《肇论》《复性书》《知言》《正蒙》《呻吟语》《孟子正义》《周

易本义》《颜子所好何学论》(FY11,1’)《昌言》、《春秋繁露义证》、《孟子字义疏证》、《法言》(FY11,1’)

●请结合康有为的中国思想史研究与自己对中国思想史的理解,评论康有为的以下观点:

——《实理公法全书》

●“践行尽性”是谁的观点,内涵是什么?

?现代新儒家:

●辟(6分)(09FY)

●熊十力《新唯识论》(FB05,5’)

●请结合冯友兰的中国哲学史研究与自己对中国哲学史的理解,评论冯友兰的以下观点:

——《中国哲学史新编》

复旦大学中国古代文学0314年考博真题

复旦大学中国古代文学研究中心考博参考书目 050104 中国古典文献学 1《文献学讲义》王欣夫上海世纪出版集团 2《余嘉锡说文献学》余嘉锡上海古籍出版社 3《文献学概要》杜泽逊上海书店出版社 4《古籍整理概论》黄永年上海书店出版社 5《校勘学释例》陈垣上海书店出版社 6《古籍印本鉴定概说》陈正宏等上海辞书出版社 050105 中国古代文学 1《中国文学史新著》章培恒等复旦大学出版社 2《中国文学批评史新编》王运熙等复旦大学出版社 3《中国历代文学作品选》朱东润上海古籍出版社 4《中国文学批评史大纲》朱东润上海古籍出版社 5《文学理论》[美]韦勒克等北京三联书店 6《西方美学通史》蒋孔阳、朱立元上海文艺出版社 050125 中国文学古今演变 1《中国文学史新著》章培恒等复旦大学出版社 2《中国文学批评史新编》王运熙等复旦大学出版社 3《中国文学批评史大纲》朱东润上海古籍出版社 4《中国历代文学作品选》朱东润上海古籍出版社 5《文学理论》[美]韦勒克等北京三联书店 6《西方美学通史》蒋孔阳、朱立元上海文艺出版社 7《中国现代文学三十年》钱理群等北京大学出版社 8《中国当代文学史教程》陈思和复旦大学出版社 或《中国当代文学史》洪子诚北京大学出版社 复旦大学中文系2014年考博真题(中国语言文学基础知识)

名词解释 1、唯美主义 2、复调 3、《大唐三藏取经诗话》 4、冯至《十四行集》 5、一代有一代之文学 简答题 1、简述亚里士多德在《诗学》中的模仿理论 2、谈谈英国诗人艾略特对当代欧美文学的影响 3,叶燮《原诗》言:此中也者,乃古今百代之中,而非有唐之所独,后此千百年,无不从是以为断。你同意此观点吗? 4、鲁迅在《破恶声论》中主要论述了什么,与中国近代西方思潮共同构成了什么关系。 5、谈谈路翎、穆旦、莫言的主要代表作,并围绕作品谈谈他们各自创作的特性。回憶版 1、结合作品试论述“魔幻现实主义”中“魔幻”与“现实”的关系。 2、宋代目录学的影响 3、《文选》的影响及意义 4、论“文革文学”向“新时期文学”的转变。 2014復旦中國古代文學口頭報告題目(面試): 1.在古典詩歌闡釋史上,“詩史互證”是源遠流長的一種方法,你認為這種方法的價值如何? 2.請綜合論述唐代文學批評的特點和地位。 3.古人認為,六經“窮高以樹表,極遠以啟疆”,乃“文章之淵府”,雖“百家騰越,終入環內者也”,故可謂之“六經皆文”。請闡釋“六經皆文”的內涵,並以具體作家作品為例,對經學與文學的關係進行論述。 4.《五柳先生傳》在中國自傳書寫史上有怎樣的典範意義。 5.桐城派的形成以及在當代的命運。 6.在進入二十一世紀的十多年間,包括小說、戲曲、說唱文學在內的中國古代通俗文學研究取得了那些成就,有哪些學術熱點,還存在哪些不足,未來發展趨勢如何,請結合具體實例,談談你的看法? 7.談談孔子“志於道”的思想對中國古代文學的影響。 中國古典文獻學 1,談談《四庫全書總目》對古代文學研究的意義。 2,談談《天祿琳瑯書目》與《四庫全書總目》的異同及其影響。 《天祿琳琅書目》,中國清代官府藏書目錄,清乾隆九年(1744)開始在乾清宮昭仁殿收藏內府藏書,題室名為“天祿琳琅”。《天祿琳琅書目》系中國第一部官修善本目錄,在編纂體例方面多有創見,於清代藏書家講究版本鑒定、注重善本著錄之風氣影響深遠,直接開放近世版本目錄學之興盛。

复旦大学考博英语试题2003

复旦大学2003年招收攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题(秋季) PartⅠListening Comprehension (15%) 略 PartⅡV ocabulary and Structure (10%) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in the part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 21. She her vacation so much that she didn?t want it to end. A. missed B. budgeted C. loathed D. relished 22. They tried to keep it quiet but eventually everyone learned about the meeting. A. intangible B. sedate C. impudent D. clandestine 23. Many citizens appealed to the city government for enacting laws to protect the consumers. A. rigorous B. equivocal C. stringent D. furtive 24. People who like to were red clothes are more likely to be talkative and . A. lucrative B. introverted C. vivacious D. perilous 25. This is but a of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. A. faction B. friction C. fraction D. fracture 26. They were tired, but not less enthusiastic that account. A. on B. by C. for D. with 27. I think it is high time we the fact that environment pollution in this area is getting more serious than before. A. woke up to B. must wake up to C. wake up to D. are waking up to 28. So was the mood of the meeting that an agreement was soon reached. A. resentful

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