初二数学上册期末考试考试题及答案

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数学部分

一、选择题(每小题有且只有一个答案正确，每小题4分，共40分>

1、如图，两直线a∥b，与∠1相等的角的个数为( c >

A、1个

B、2个

C、3个

D、4个

2、不等式组的解集是( A >

A、 B、 C、 D、无解

3、如果，那么下列各式中正确的是( D >

A、 B、 C、 D、

4、如图所示，由∠D=∠C,∠BAD=∠ABC推得△ABD≌△BAC，所用的的判定定理的简称是( A >

A、AAS

B、ASA

C、SAS

D、SSS

5、已知一组数据1，7，10，8，x，6，0，3，若=5，则x应等于( >

A、6

B、5

C、4

D、2

6、下列说法错误的是( >

A、长方体、正方体都是棱柱；

B、三棱住的侧面是三角形；

C、六棱住有六个侧面、侧面为长方形；

D、球体的三种视图均为同样大小的图形；

7、△ABC的三边为a、b、c，且，则( >

A、△ABC是锐角三角形；

B、c边的对角是直角；

C、△ABC是钝角三角形；

D、a边的对角是直角；

8、为筹备班级的初中毕业联欢会，班长对全班学生爱吃哪几种水果作了民意调查，那么最终买什么水果，下面的调

查数据中最值得关注的是( >

A、中位数；

B、平均数；

C、众数；

D、加权平均数；

9、如右图，有三个大小一样的正方体，每个正方体的六个面上都按照相同的顺序，依次标有

1，2，3，4，5，6这六个数字，并且把标有“6”的面都放在左边，那么它们底面所标的3个数

字之和等于( >

A、8

B、9

C、10

D、11

10、为鼓励居民节约用水，北京市出台了新的居民用水收费标准：(1>若每月每户居民用水不超过4立方M，则按每立

方M2M计算；(2>若每月每户居民用水超过4立方M，则超过部分按每立方M4.5M计算(不超过部分仍按每立方M2元计算>.

现假设该市某户居民某月用水x立方M，水费为y元，则y与x的函数关系用图象表示正确的是( >

二、填空题分

11、不等式的解集是

1

a b

A B C D E F A B O C D 12、已知点A 在第四象限，且到x 轴，y 轴的距离分别为3，5，则A 点的坐标为_________；

13、为了了解某校初三年级400名学生的体重情况，从中抽查了50名学生的体重进行统计分析，在这个问题中，总体是指__________________________________；14、某班一次体育测试中得100分的有4人，90分的有11人，80分的有11人，70分的有8人，60分的有5人，剩下的8人一共得了300分，则中位数是_____________.15、如图，已知∠B=∠DEF ，AB=DE ，请添加一个条件使△ABC ≌△DEF ，则需添加的条件是__________；16、如图，AD 和BC 相交于点O ，OA=OD ，OB=OC ，若∠B=40°,∠AOB=110°，则∠D=________度；17、弹簧的长度y(cm>与所挂物体的质量x (kg>的关系是一次函数，

图象如右图所示，则弹簧不挂物体时的长度是___________cm ；

第15题图 第16题图 第17题图jV78x2EMsYZzz6ZB2Ltk

18、如下图所示，图中是一个立体图形的三视图，请你根据视图，说出立体图形的名称：

19、(8分>解不等式

，并把解集在数轴上表示出来.

20、(8分>填空(补全下列证明及括号内的推理依据>：

如图：已知：AD ⊥BC 于D ，EF ⊥BC 于F ，∠1=∠3，

求证：AD 平分∠BAC .

证明：∵AD ⊥BC ，EF ⊥BC 于F(已知>

∴AD ∥EF( >

∴∠1=∠E( >

∠2=∠3( >

又∵∠3=∠1(已知>

∴∠1=∠2(等量代换>

∴AD 平分∠BAC( >

21、画出下图的三视图(9分>

22、(9分>已知点A(10，0>，B(10，8>，C(5，0>，D(0，8>，E(0，0>，请在下面的中，主视图 左视图

俯视图 1 2 3 A B C

D E F

(1>分别描出A 、B 、C 、D 、E (2>要图象“高矮

”不变，“胖瘦”

23、(10分>如图，l A ，l B 分别表示A 步行与B 骑车在同一路上行驶的路程S 与时间t (1>B 出发时与A 相距_________千M.

(2>走了一段路后，自行车发生故障，进行修理，所用的时间是____________(3>B 出发后_________小时与A 相遇. (4>若

B 的自行车不发生故障，保持出发时的速度前进，几小时与A 出这个相遇点

C ，并写出过程.24、(10分>已知：如图，RtABC ≌Rt △ADE ，∠ABC=∠ADE=90°，试以图中标有字母的点为端点，连结两条线段，如果你所连结的两条线段满足相等、垂直或平行关系中的一种，那么请你把它写出来并说明理由. 25、(10分>甲、乙两条生产线每天生产20吨和30吨成品.(1>分别求出甲、乙两条生产线投产后，各自的总产量y(吨>式，并求出第几天结束时，甲、乙两条生产线的总产量相同；(2>在如图所示的直角坐标系中，作出上述两个函数和第一象限内的图象，并观察图象，分别指出第15天和第25天

26、(14分> (1>克；第二天收集1号电池① 求1号和5② 表：分别计算两种电池的样本平均数，并由此估算该月(30天>环保小组收集废电池的总重量是多少千克？

(2>如图，用正方体石墩垒石梯，下图分别表示垒到一、二、三阶梯时的情况，那么照这样垒下去，

①填出下表中未填的两空，观察规律.

②垒到第n级阶梯时，共用正方体石墩________________块(用含n的代数式表示>.

英语部分

Ⅲ.单项选择<15分）

( >21.He _____ when the UFO arrived.

A. was sleeping

B. were sleeping

C. has slept

D. is asleep

( >22.I have been skating _______ nine o’clock.

A. for

B. since

C. at

D. from

( >23.Would you mind ______ those old jeans?

A. don’t wear

B. not to wear

C. aren’t wearing

D. not wearing

( >24.---He’s never been to an aquarium.

---_______.

A. Neither have I

B. Neither do I

C. I never too

D. I don’t too

( >25.It’s really cold today, ______ ?

A. does it

B. doesn’t it

C. isn’t it

D. is it

( >26._____ have you been swimming? For five years.

A. How many times

B. How long

C. How often

D. How much

( >27.--Could you please _____ in the room?

--Oh, I’m sorry.

A. not smoking

B. not smoke

C. not to smoke

D. don’t smoke

( >28.---Could we buy a piano, Jack?

---I’m afraid there ______ enough room for one in the house.

A. aren’t

B. are

C. isn’t

D. is

( >29.I got home _____ they were having dinner.

A. as soon as

B. while

C. because

D. after

( >30. We got mad ______ the team for losing the match.

A. at

B. in

C. on

D. about

( >31.She _______ a lot of money on clothes.

A. takes

B. costs

C. spends

D. buys

( >32.I will stay at home and read books if it _______ tomorrow.

A. is raining

B. rains

C. rain

D. will rain

( >33.The teacher encourages her students _____ English as much as possible.

A. to speak

B. speaking

C. speak

D. spoke

( >34.His father _____ to Nanjing. He _____ back next week.

has been, is B has been, will be C. has gone, is D. has gone, will be

( >35.The teacher said that they ______ hard-working students.

A. is

B. are

C. were

D. was

Ⅳ.用所给词语的适当形式完成下列句子.<5分）

look through discover collect get over keep down

36.Do you know who ______ America?

37.He is in his bedroom and ______________ the newspapers for a job.

38.He is angry with me now. But he will understand me and _________it soon.

39.Her brother likes stamps and he __________ over a hundred stamps now.

40.We should ____________ our voice in public places.

Ⅴ.补全对话<10分）

( A >

A: What are you doing, Jenny?

B: 41.____________ I’m cleaning the house.

A: Do you often do it?

B: Sometimes when I’m free. 42.____________

A: Here it is. What will you do after you finishing the cleaning?

B: 43.____________

A: 44.____________ Let’s go swimming, shall we?

B: Sounds great.

A: Let me help you then. 45.__________

(B>用适当的词语补全下面对话.

A: Hello. May I 46.________________ Mr Brown.

B: Sorry, he isn’t in. He 47._______________ to France.

A: Well, then do you know 48._________________?

B: He said he would return in a month.

A: Oh, such a long time. 49._________ can I get in touch with him?

B: You may 50.________________.

A: What’s his telephone number?

B: It’s 00334760488532.

Ⅵ.句子翻译.<10分）

51.他们举办这场音乐会是为了给慈善事业筹集钱款.

They held the concert to __________________the charity.

52.他的父母非常高兴他们的儿子在学习上取得了很大的进步.

His parents are very happy that their son ____________________ in his study.

53.消防队员很快把火扑灭了.

The firefighters ______________ the fire soon.

54.你什么时候开始对集邮感兴趣了？

When did you begin to __________________collecting stamps?

55.如果你插队的话，其他人会不高兴的.

Other people won’t be happy ________________________.

56.我们班级三分之二的学生来自于南方.

_____________________________________________.

57.你们不应该违反学校规定.

__________________________________________.

58.他们俩当时都没有在家.

_____________________________________________.

59.你听说过这样一个人吗？

_______________________________________________？

60.你介意把电视声音调低吗？

_______________________________________?

Ⅶ.完形填空<10分）

Coke(可乐>is one of 61 drinks in the world. A lot of people enjoy 62__ it. But now people begin to believe that it’s not a good drink for health. There is lots of 63 in the coke. Having much sugar is 64 for people. And it also has some caffeine(咖啡因>in it. The caffeine can get people into the habit(习惯>of drinking more coke when they feel 65 . If they don’t drink coke they 66 bad. And 67 thing is some people can’t work or study 68 drinking several cups of coke every day. More and more people want to cut down the coke they drink and ask 69 help

from the doctors. If you like drinking coke very much, I think you must have the Coke Habit. In fact drinking more fruit and vegetable juice is 70_ for you.

( >61.A. more popular B. most popular C. popular D. the most popular

( >62.A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks

( >63.A. salt B. pepper C. sugar D. juice

( >64.A. good B. well C. tired D. bad

( >65.A. hungry B. fine C. thirsty D. excited

( >66.A. will feel B. are feeling C. felt D. feel

( >67.A. bad B. worse C. the worst D. the worse

( >68.A. not B. without C. with D. after

( >69.A. to B. for C. on D. at

( >70.A. good B. well C. best D. better

Ⅷ.阅读理解<20分）

(A>阅读短文, 然后根据短文内容选择正确答案.

Passage 1

Birds live in trees. Squirrels<松鼠）live in trees. But did you know that some frogs<蛙）live in trees, too?

The tree frog is hard to find. It can change colors. On green leaves, it stays green. On a brown branch<树枝）, it turns brown. Some tree frogs can change from green to gold or blue.

Tree frogs have legs and wide feet. They have sticky pads<粘性的肉趾）at the ends of their toes. These sticky toe pads keep the tree frogs from falling. Tree frogs have different colors and markings<斑点）on their skins. Their eyes are different, too. Some have green eyes, and others have bright red ones.

The sound they make are different, too. One frog makes a sound like a dog barking. Another frog makes a loud noise like a snore<打鼾）. There is even a frog that whistles<吹口哨）!

( >71.These frogs are hard to find because ______.

A. they stay in trees

B. they can change their colors

C. they have sticky pads

D. they make surprising sounds

( >72.If the season is spring, the colors of tree frogs is _______.

A. gold

B. brown

C. green

D. blue

( >73.The tree frogs can stay on trees because ______.

A. they have sticky pads

B. they can change their colors

C. they are strong

D. they are small

( >74.Which of the following sentences is right?

A. The tree frogs have different colors and feathers<羽毛）on their skins.

B. The tree frogs can’t make a loud noise like a snore.

C. We can easily tell tree leaves from tree frogs.

D. We may find tree frogs if we hear a sound like a snore in the forest.

( >75.The passage is mainly about ______.

A. the colors of a special frog

B. the sound of a special frog

C. the eyes of a special frog

D. a frog that is special

Passage 2

Most of the flowers in nature are red, orange and yellow. If we have seen a black flower, it’s chance in million.

People have made a survey of colors of more than four thousand kinds of flowers and found that only eight of them are black.

As we know, sunlight is formed (形成> by seven different colored lights. The wave length (波长> of each light is different, so the quantity (量> of heat in each light is also different. Flowers especially their petal (花瓣>, are easy to be harmed (伤害> by high temperature.

Black flowers can take in all the light waves which cause the flowers to dry up in a high temperature. So black

flowers can rarely (很少> survive (挺过> sunlight. But red flowers, orange flowers and yellow flowers can protect (保护> themselves from sunlight by reflecting (反射> the red light, orange light and yellow light, each of which has a large quantity of heat.

( >76.People can_______ see black flowers.

A. often

B. never

C. hardly ever

D. always

( >77.The underlined word “ them” in the second paragraph refers to (指> ______.

A. a thousand

B. colors

C. flowers

D. kinds

( >78.The passage mainly tells us that _______.

A. black flowers are too weak and it is difficult for them to grow up

B. there are only eight black flowers in nature

C. sunlight has seven different colored lights and the wave length of each is different

D. why it’s difficult for black flowers to grow

( >79.How do red flowers, orange flowers or yellow flowers protect themselves from sunlight?

A. By taking in the light.

B. By reflecting the light.

C. By hiding themselves.

D. By sleeping.

( >80.Which of the following ideas is NOT right?

A. The black flowers cannot protect themselves from the sunlight.

B. Red, orange and yellow flowers can also take in the light of all wave lengths.

C. People have found that only a few kinds of flowers are black.

D. Flowers are easy to be harmed by very high temperature.

(B> 阅读短文，然后根据短文内容填写表格或回答问题.

Passage 3

People live around the world. They like to have celebrations (庆祝活动>. In China, people celebrate New Year. New Year is in January or February. They wear red clothes because red is the color that will bring joy. Chinese children get money in red envelopes for the new year. In Gambia (冈比亚>, people celebrate Independence Day (独立日>. It is in February. They wear bright clothes and play music at the celebration. In England, people celebrate May Day. May Day is in May. They wear pretty clothes to celebrate the coming spring. The children like to dance on this day. In America, people celebrate Thanksgiving Day (感恩节>. It’s in November. They have a very big dinner with their families or friends. They eat turkeys and a lot of other delicious food. They have a long talk after dinner.

Are you interested in Helmut Newton and John Pilger? Do you want to learn more about their painting? Come to

86.When may you go to Barbican Gallery to see the paintings on Tuesday?

_____________________________________.

87.Does a child under twelve need to pay any money to see the paintings?

________________________.

88.Whose paintings can you see if you go to the gallery on Saturday? ______________________.

89.What telephone number can you call if you want to book tickets? ____________________________________________.

90.How much should you pay if you want to buy tickets for group of ten students?? ___________________________.

Ⅸ.书面表达<10分）

有些同学不喜欢英语，觉得学习英语不重要.你不这样认为，你认为学习英语很重要.英语是世界上使用最广泛的(is the most widely used ），世界上四分之三的书籍和报纸是用英语写的，互联网上的信息(information>比四分之三还多的是用英语.并谈一谈你是怎样学习英语的.数学部分

一、选择题(每小题有且只有一个答案正确，每小题4分，共40分> 1、C ；2、A ；3、D ；4、A ；5、B ；6、B ；7、D ；8、C ；9、A ；10、C ；

二、填空题(每小题4分，共32分>

11、；12、

；13、某校初三年级400名学生体重情况的全体；14、80分 15、BC=EF(答案不唯一>；16、30；17、9；18、四棱锥或五面体；

三、解答题(共78分

> 19、解：

……………………………………(2分>

……………………………………(1分>

……………………………………(1分>

……………………………………(2分>

数轴表示正确2分；

20、证明：∵AD ⊥BC ，EF ⊥BC 于F(已知>

∴AD ∥EF(同位角相等，两直线平等或在同一平面内，垂直于同一条干线的两条直线平行>

∴∠1=∠E(两条直线平行，同位角相等>

∠2=∠3(两条直线平行，内错角相等>

又∵∠3=∠1(已知>

∴∠1=∠2(等量代换>

∴AD 平分∠BAC(角平分线的定义 >

每空2分，共8分；

21、图形如下，每个3分，共9分；

主视图 左视图 俯视图

22、图形略，(3分>

(1>像字母M ；(2分>

(2>横坐标变为原来的一半，纵坐标不变；(4分>

23、(1>10；(2>1；(3>3；………………………………………………(每题1分>

(4>解：表示出相遇点C 得1分； 求出l A 的函数关系式：…………………………２分 求出的函数关系：…………………………………２分

解得………………………………………………………１分

……………………………………………………1分

24、解：有不同的情况，图形画正确，并且结论也正确的即可给2分；

(1>连结CD、EB，则有CD＝EB；

(2>连结AF、BD，则有AF⊥BD；

(3>连结BD、EC，则有BD∥EC；

选(1>；

证明：∵Rt△ABC≌Rt△ADE(已知>

∴AC＝AE，AD＝AB(全等三角形对应边相等>

∠CAB＝∠EAB(全等三角形对应角相等>…………………………３分

∴

即：…………………………………………………2分

∴在△ADC和△ABE中：

∵

∴△ADC≌△ABE(SAS>……………………………………………２分

∴CD＝EB……………………………………………………………１分

25、(1>解得：…………………………２分

………………………………２分

两者总生产量相等，即：

∴

解得：…………………………………２分

(2>图形略，……………………………………２分

第15天结束，甲的总生产量大于乙的总生产量；……………………１分

第25天结束时，乙的总生产量大于甲的总生产量；…………………１分

26、解：(1>①设1号电池每节重量为x克，5号电池每节重量为y克；

由题意可得：……………………………………２分

解得：，……………………………………………1分

答：1号电池每节重量为90克，5号电池每节重量为20克；………………1分

②求得1号电池平均每天30节，5号电池平均每天50节，…………………2分

所以总重量＝

＝111(千克>……………………………………………………2分

(2>18，30，…………………………………第一个空1分，第二个空2分，第三空3分；

英语部分

Ⅲ. ABDAC BBCBA CBADC

Ⅳ. discovered, looking through, get over, has collected, keep down

Ⅴ. A> DGAFB

B> 46.speak to 47.has gone 48.when he will return/be back 49. How

50. call him/call him up/ring him up/ telephone him

Ⅵ. 51 raise money for 52.has made great/much progress 53.put out

54.take interest/become interested in 55.if you cut in line

56.Two thirds of the students in our class are/come from the south.

57. You shouldn’t break the school rule(s> 58.Neither of them was at home then

59. Have you ever heard of such a person 60.Would you mind turning down the TV

Ⅶ. DBCDC ACBBD

Ⅷ. A> BCADD CDDBB

B）81.Countries 82.red clothes 83.Independence Day 84.England 85.November

86.10am- 9pm 87.No 88.Helmut Newton’s 89.7382 7211 90.20 yuan/￥20

Ⅸ. 略

申明：

所有资料为本人收集整理，仅限个人学习使用，勿做商业用途。

申明：

所有资料为本人收集整理，仅限个人学习使用，勿做商业用途。