高三英语语法填空真题汇编(含答案)及解析

高三英语语法填空真题汇编(含答案)及解析

一、高中英语语法填空

1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The powerful Hurricane Barry weakened but remained a weather nightmare on Tuesday. It ________ (strike) parts of Arkansas with at least six________ (inch) of rain and caused flash flooding that drowned ________animal shelter and killed a puppy.

Heavy rains were falling. The Humane Society of Clark County issued an SOS after flooding drowned its recently rebuilt shelter. "SOS! We are flooded. It's on the building! "the official said in a Facebook post. "We need help! Can any of you keep a dog ________two at your houses? Help! Help! Help!" Video from the scene showed wet dogs wandering loose in the shelter, the floor covered in water. Many offered their homes and yards ________the animals. A short time ________(late), the official posted an update on Facebook________(say) foster homes have been found for all 72 dogs. "We are so blessed! People from all over have come to ________ (we) rescue. Donations. Cleaning. Fostering. It's really________ (impress)." the post said. After the rainfall, a ray of sunshine shone brightly in the states ________the storm burst last week.

【答案】 struck；inches；an；or；to；later；saying；our；impressive；where

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，飓风袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区，并引发了山洪暴发，淹没了一家动物收容所，导致一只小狗死亡。一名官员在Facebook上请求人们救助小狗，为所有72只狗找到了寄养家庭的故事。

（1）考查时态。句意：它袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区，带来了至少6英寸的降雨，并引发了山洪暴发，淹没了一家动物收容所，导致一只小狗死亡。根据上文可知飓风发生在星期四，应用一般过去时。故填struck。

（2）考查名词。句意：它袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区，带来了至少6英寸的降雨，并引发了山洪暴发，淹没了一家动物收容所，导致一只小狗死亡。inch为可数名词，由six修饰应用复数形式。故填inches。

（3）考查冠词。句意：它袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区，带来了至少6英寸的降雨，并引发了山洪暴发，淹没了一家动物收容所，导致一只小狗死亡。animal shelter为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且animal为元音音素开头的单词。故填an。

（4）考查连词。句意：你们谁能在家里养一只或者两只狗吗?结合语境可知表示“或者”应用or，故填or。

（5）考查介词。句意：许多人把自己的家和院子提供给了这些动物。offer sth. to...固定短语“提供某物给……”，故填to。

（6）考查副词。句意：不久之后，这名官员在Facebook上更新了一条消息，称已经为所有72只狗找到了寄养家庭。表示“不久之后”短语为a short time later，故填later。

（7）考查非谓语动词。句意：不久之后，这名官员在Facebook上更新了一条消息，称已经为所有72只狗找到了寄养家庭。本句中say做非谓语动词与逻辑主语an update构成主动关系，应用现在分词，故填saying。

（8）考查代词。句意：来自世界各地的人们来救助我们。come to one's rescue固定短语，“营救某人”,结合上文we可知应填our，故填our。

（9）考查形容词。句意：这真是令人印象深刻。结合上文It's可知应填形容词作表语，故填impressive。

（10）考查定语从句。句意：雨后，一缕阳光在上周风暴爆发的各州明亮地照耀着。本句为定语从句修饰先行词state，且先行词在从句中做地点状语，故应用关系副词where。故填where。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态，名词，冠词，连词，介词，副词，非谓语动词，代词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Scientists say crocodiles have outlived dinosaurs ________some 65 million years. One reason why they are such good ________ (survive) is that they can go for a very long time without eating. And they are expert hunters,________(use) their strong jaws to bite their prey(猎物) and then swallow it whole. When they lose a tooth they grow one right back. A crocodile can go through 8,000 ________(tooth) in one lifetime!

What does the expression "crocodile tears" mean? Simply put, "crocodile tears" are fake sadness. You pretend ________(cry) and feel bad for something when in fact you could not care ________(little). A great word to describe it is insincere. The phrase "crocodile tears" comes from an old myth that crocodiles would shed tears while eating their prey. A religious worker wrote that ________ a crocodile found a man by the water, it would kill him if it could. Then the crocodile would cry tears on the man, but then finally swallow ________(he). Another myth suggests ________crocodile is very clever indeed. Crocodiles, the story goes, would cry tears as a false show of guilt or sadness to trick their prey. The prey would come closer and then become dinner.

Scientists explain that crocodiles DO create tears, but they do not cry. The tears help to clean their eyes. Crying is purely emotional and it ________ (reserve) for us humans.

【答案】 by；survivors；using；teeth；to cry；less；if/when/once；him；the；is reserved 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，解释了短语“鳄鱼的眼泪”的含义，它表示虚假的悲伤。科学家解释说，鳄鱼的确会流泪，但它们不会哭。眼泪有助于清洁他们的眼睛。哭纯粹是感情用事，是人类的天性。

（1）考查介词。句意：科学家说，鳄鱼比恐龙寿命长约6500万年。outlive by固定短语，“比……寿命长”，故填by。

（2）考查名词。句意：它们是如此优秀的幸存者的一个原因是它们可以长时间不吃东西。根据上文good为形容词修饰名词可知应填名词survivor“幸存者”，且主语they are可知应填复数形式，故填survivors。

（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是专业的捕猎者，用它们强有力的下颚来咬它们的猎物，然后把它整个吞下去。本句中use做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语they构成主动关系用现在分词，故填using。

（4）考查名词。句意：一条鳄鱼一生能咬掉8000颗牙!tooth为可数名词，由8000修饰应用复数形式，故填teeth。

（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：你假装哭泣，为某事感到难过，而实际上你根本不在乎。pretend to do sth.固定短语“假装做某事”，故填to cry。

（6）考查形容词。句意：你假装哭泣，为某事感到难过，而实际上你根本不在乎。根据上文”you could not“可知为“否定词+形容词比较级”表示最高级结构，故填less。

（7）考查连词。句意：如果/当/一旦一条鳄鱼在水边发现了一个人，它会杀死他。本句可理解为条件状语从句，表示“如果”，可填if；也可理解为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”或“一旦”，可填when或once，故填if/when/once。

（8）考查代词。句意：然后鳄鱼会对着他哭，最后把他吞下去。做动词swallow的宾语应用人称代词的宾格形式，故填him。

（9）考查冠词。句意：另一个传说表明鳄鱼确实很聪明。此处表示特指“鳄鱼”这个物种，应用定冠词，故填the。

（10）考查时态语态。句意：哭纯粹是感情用事，是人类的天性。本句中it指代上文crying，且与谓语动词构成被动关系，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为it，故填is reserved。

【点评】本题考点涉及介词，名词，非谓语动词，形容词，连词，代词，冠词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

3．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

According to Chinese speaking practice, lion is a special animal to Chinese people. A pair of stone lions, a male ________ a female, are ________(common) seen in front of the gates of traditional building.

The lion ________(regard) as the king in the animal world, so ________(it) images represent power and prestige. The stone lions are also used to indicate the ranks of officials.

It is interesting to note that China had no lions originally. The earliest stone lions were sculpted ________ the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty from A. D. 25 to 220 with ________ introduction of Buddhism(佛教) into ancient China. In the Buddhist faith, the lion, ________ can protect the truth and keep off evils, is considered a divine animal of nobleness and dignity. In Chinese folk tales, the lion has become a symbol of ________ (brave), power and good luck.

It was also popular to decorate bridges with stone sculpted lions for the defending reason. The ________(well) known of bridges is the Lugouqiao, ________(build )from 1189 to 1192.

【答案】 and；commonly；is regarded；its；at；the；which；bravery；best；built

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要讲述了石狮子的象征，历史和用途。

（1）句意：一对石狮子，一只雄狮子和一只雌狮子，一般在传统建筑的门前能够看见。一对狮子，雌和雄应该是并列关系，故填and。

（2）句意：一对石狮子，一只雄狮子和一只雌狮子，一般在传统建筑的门前能够看见。修饰seen用副词，commonly，通常地。故填commonly。

（3）句意：狮子被认为是动物界的王者，所以它的形象代表权利和威望。be regarded as 被认为是，此处为固定搭配，故填be regarded。

（4）句意：狮子被认为是动物界的王者，所以它的形象代表权利和威望。images为名词，it是人称代词，此处用形容词性物主代词its它的，修饰名词。故填its。

（5）句意：最早的石狮子从公元25-220年，随着佛教流传入古代中国，在东汉初期被雕刻出来。at the beginning of意为在……的开端，为固定搭配。故填at。

（6）句意：最早的石狮子从公元25-220年，随着佛教流传入古代中国，在东汉初期被雕刻出来。此处特指佛教在古代中国的流传，应用定冠词，故填the。

（7）句意：在佛教的信仰中，石狮子能够保护真理驱走邪恶，被视为是高贵庄严的神圣动物。can protect the truth and keep off evils是非限性定语从句，先行词是the lion，关系词用which。故填which。

（8）句意：在中国神话故事中，狮子成了勇敢，力量和好运的象征。and连接并列成分，保持形式一致。power和luck都是名词，brave变成名词bravery，勇气。故填bravery。（9）句意：最有名的是桥是被建于1189年至1192年的卢沟桥。the+形容词最高级，表示最……故填best。

（10）句意：最有名的是桥是被建于1189年至1192年的卢沟桥。主语是the Lugouqiao，被建造，用被动语态，此处做后置定语修饰名词，省略be动词，用过去分词built。故填built。

【点评】考查连词、副词、代词、固定搭配、冠词、非限定性定语从句、名词、副词最高级和非谓语动词。先通读全文，理解文章大意。再细读文章，分析句子成分及含义逐一作答，最后再读文章，修正错误。

4．语法填空

Nobody wants to be aged, but________it comes to visiting cities, most of us want to visit the world's oldest cities. Luoyang is one of the oldest and most ________(attract) cities in the world that I'd like to recommend to you.

Luoyang stands out ________the oldest continually inhabited (持续居住的) city in Asia. The city is considered to be ________birthplace of Chinese culture and history as well as being one of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China. There ________ (be) no other city in China that has seen so many________(dynasty) like Luoyang.

With such a long and exciting history, Luoyang has really a lot ________ (offer). The longmen Grottoes(龙门石窟), which ________(include) in the world Heritage List since 2000, and many historic Buddhist temples________ (constant) attract tourist from all over the world. Luoyang is also famous for the White Horse Temple, the earliest Buddhist temple ________(build) in China. Are you anxious to visit the city?

【答案】when；attractive；as；the；is；dynasties；to offer；has been included；constantly；built

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了古都洛阳。洛阳拥有悠久的、激动人心的历史和诸多名胜古迹。对游客来说,洛阳是一个值得一游的城市。

（1）考查连词。when it comes to...固定短语，"当提到……时"。故填when。

（2）考查形容词。空处在句中作定语修饰cities,故用形容词attractive"吸引人的"。故填attractive。

（3）考查介词。as在句中意为"作为"。stand out as固定短语，"作为……而出类拔萃"。故填as。

（4）考查冠词。此处用定冠词,特指中国文化和历史的发源地。故填the。

（5）考查时态及主谓一致。文中客观介绍了洛阳的相关事实,用一般现在时。空格处所在句为There be句型,句中主语为no other city in China,所以be动词用第三人称单数。故填is。

（6）考查名词。根据空前的"so many"可知此处用dynasty的复数形式。故填dynasties。（7）考查非谓语动词。have意为"有"时,后面接带to的不定式。故填to offer。

（8）考查时态语态。句中的时间状语"since 2000"表明空格处用现在完成时态,且which(指代The Longmen Grottoes)与include之间是被动关系,故用被动语态。故填has been included。

（9）考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词,故用副词。故填constantly。

（10）考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,the earliest Buddhist temple与build在逻辑上是被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填built。

【点评】本题考点涉及连词，形容词，介词，冠词，时态，主谓一致，名词，非谓语动词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

5．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

During my recent travels in China, I went from the top to the bottom of the country. I was astonished at ________ different the weather was in different cities.

The weather was ________ (freeze) cold in Harbin, but felt much warmer in Shanghai, Guilin, Qingdao and Yangshuo. Each place has a different feel and allows you ________ (experience) different things.

In Qingdao, we ate seafood, drank beer and even swam in the sea. In Harbin, we wore our warmest jackets and saw the ________ (amaze) ice and snow sculptures (雕塑).

Shanghai reminded me ________ a city in Europe or America. There are lots of Western cafes. Guilin was a good place to be touring around during Spring Festival. Fireworks ________ (fill) the sky and the streets were busy with happy people. I visited several old buildings and walked around a beautiful lake.

But Yangshuo ________ (be) my favorite place so far. I could not stop taking ________ (photo) of the beautiful mountains and the Lijiang River. I rode a bicycle along the Yulong River in the warm sun. I ate strawberries and drank tea that came from farms in the mountains.

Now, I am back in Beijing. I am looking forward to ________ next trip. I think I ________ (go) to another warm place!

【答案】how；freezing；to experience；amazing；of/about；filled；has been；photos；the/my；will go

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了在最近一次旅行中，感受到了中国不同城市中天气状况很不相同。

（1）考查宾语从句。句意：我对不同城市间的天气是多么的不同很吃惊。这是一个宾语从句，关系词在介词at后作宾语。根据句意，从句部分是一个感叹句。空格后接的是形容词different，并且这个形容词是作was的表语的，没有与the weather形成名词短语，所以使用连接词how。故填how。

（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：哈尔滨天气非常的冷，但是在上海、桂林、青岛和阳朔就感觉天气暖和多了。此处使用现在分词表程度，现在分词在习惯用法中可以作程度状语，意为“极度，很，非常”，起强调作用。故填freezing。

（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：每个地方给人不同的感觉，可以让你体验不同的事情。allow sb. to do sth.固定短语，“允许某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。故填to experience。

（4）考查形容词。句意：在哈尔滨，我们穿上最暖和的衣服，欣赏令人惊讶的冰雪雕塑。形容词修饰名词作定语，这里“令人惊讶的”是形容雕塑的，所以使用-ing形式的形容词。故填amazing。

（5）考查介词。句意：上海能让我想起欧洲或者美国的一个城市。remind sb. of/about sth.固定短语，“使某人想起......”，故填of/about。

（6）考查时态。句意：烟花布满天空，街上到处都是开心的人们。通过全文可知，作者对这次旅行的描述使用的都是一般过去时，并且由这句话中and后的was busy可知，这句话也应使用一般过去时。故填filled。

（7）考查时态。句意：但是，阳朔是目前为止我最喜欢的地方。由句中的so far可知，这句话应使用现在完成时。Yangshuo为第三人称单数形式，故填has been。

（8）考查名词。句意：我不停地为美丽的大山与漓江水拍照。空格处单词作take的宾语，并且photo为可数名词，此处空格前没有表示单数的限定词的修饰，所以填复数形式。故填photos。

（9）考查代（冠）词。句意：我期待（我的）下次旅行。根据句意，可以用物主代词my 作限定词，也可以使用定冠词the。故填my/the。

（10）考查时态。句意：我想我将会去另一个温暖的地方。think使用的是一般现在时，根据句意，这句话描述作者对下次旅行的计划，所以空格处应使用一般将来时。故填will go。

【点评】本题考点涉及宾语从句，非谓语动词，形容词，介词，时态，名词，代词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

6．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Summer is over, but there's no reason to be upset as that means autumn is upon us, arguably the ________ (good) season of the year.

Beijing's autumn is extremely short, so parks around the city fill up fast with people coming to

see the season's sight—a show of changing ________ (color) as the trees turn from dark green to deep red. There are plenty of places in the city center ________ (catch) the golden Gingko leaves, but I'm heading just outside of the Fifth Ring Road to see the season on ________ larger scale.

Despite parks like Xiangshan getting so busy ________ you need tickets a week in advance, there are still areas well-known and ________ (frequent) visited by the Beijing crowds, and Baiwangshan, one of such places, ________ (locate) 3km from the Summer Palace to the city's North West. It offers hiking tails and beautiful views of the city and ________ (surround) forests.

I love coming to Beijing's parks at this time of year because I can always enjoy ________ (I), bathing in the last of the good weather and golden colors. You never know ________ you're going to find around every corner.

【答案】best；colors；to catch；a；that；frequently；is located；surrounding；myself；what

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了北京的秋天，和一些秋景。

（1）考查形容词。句意：夏天结束了，但不要沮丧因为这意味着秋天就要来了，秋天可以说是一年中最好的季节。the 后用最高级，good的最高级是best，本句表示“最好的季节”。故填best。

（2）考查名词。句意：北京的秋天很短，所以公园里挤满了来往的看秋景的人。秋景就是变化的颜色——树从深绿色变成深红色。color表颜色时是可数名词，根据“ from dark green to deep red”可知，用复数形式colors。故填colors。

（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：城市中心有很多地方可以看金色的银杏叶。此处是不定式做后置定语，修饰places，表示动作还为发生。故填to catch。

（4）考查冠词。句意：不过，我正前往五环外，以更大的规模看这个季节。这里泛指一个更大的规模，且larger首字母发音为辅音因素。故填a。

（5）考查状语从句。句意：尽管像香山这样的公园变得如此繁忙以至于你需要提前一周订票。so…that固定短语，“如此......以至于......”。故填that。

（6）考查副词。句意：尽管像香山这样的公园变得如此繁忙以至于你需要提前一周订票，仍然还有北京人经常去的有名的地方。visited是动词，用副词修饰，故填frequently。（7）考查时态和主谓一致。句意：百望山距离颐和园3km，在城市西北方。be located固定短语，“坐落于、位于”。本句的主语是Baiwangshan，单数第三人称，整篇文章是一般现在时，故填is located。

（8）考查形容词。句意：这里能徒步旅行，还有城市风景和周围森林的美景。此处是用形容词修饰名词，故填surrounding。

（9）考查代词。固定短语enjoy oneself意为玩得愉快，主语是I，故填myself。

（10）考查宾语从句。句意：你永远不知道你会在每个角落找到什么。宾语从句中缺少宾语，用what引导，所以填what 。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，名词，非谓语动词，冠词，状语从句副词，主谓一致，形容词，代词以及宾语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

7．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Although the Obamas and Prince Harry have a famously close relationship, the former first couple might not be invited to the upcoming royal wedding -- and if they don't, Donald Trump will likely be ________(blame).

Government officials in the U.K. are reportedly encouraging Harry not to invite the Obamas for fear ________ offending current president Donald Trump (who is unlikely ________(receive) an invitation of his own).

It remains ________(see) whether Harry and Meghan Markle will take the advice of government officials, however.

According to The Sun, the couple have made __5________ clear that they would like to invite the Obamas to their wedding on May 19.

While Trump was ________(original) scheduled to make an official state visit to the United Kingdom in 2017, the trip was postponed until July of 2018 and has since been downgraded to a "working trip," during ________ Trump will not meet the Queen.

Of course, ________(be) the president of the United States is no guarantee of a royal wedding ________ (invite).

In 2011, Obama didn't receive any card to William and Kate's wedding, (which was considered a state event, while Harry and Meghan's wedding will not be) , even ________ he was the sitting president at the time.

【答案】to blame；of；to receive；to be seen；it；originally；which；being；invitation；though/if

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，奥巴马和哈里王子是出了名的好朋友，但是明年哈里王子的婚礼可能不会邀请奥巴马夫妇。要是奥巴马夫妇真的去不了婚礼，竟然是英国政府众多官员担心会触怒美国现任总统特朗普。

（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：要是奥巴马夫妇真的去不了婚礼，都要怪特朗普。be to blame固定短语，“被责备”，故填to blame 。

（2）考查介词。句意：英国政府众多官员都跟哈里说不要请奥巴马一家，就担心会触怒美国现任总统特朗普， for fear of 固定短语，“担心”，故填of。

（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：特朗普当然收不到婚礼请柬。be unlikely to do固定短语，“不可能做某事”，故填to receive。

（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：但是哈里和梅根会不会听从政府官员的建议还有待考究。分析句子结构可知，remain to do固定短语，“有待做某事”，这件事和看之间是被动关系，用不定式的被动，故填to be seen。

（5）考查代词。句意：媒体《太阳报》报道，哈里夫妇明确表示很想邀请奥巴马一家于明年5月19日参加婚礼。分析句子结构可知，made _____ clear that，that引导真正的宾语从句，it做形式宾语，故填it 。

（6）考查副词。句意：特朗普本来预计2017年访问英国，后来访问被推迟到2018年7月，副词修饰动词schedule，故填originally 。

（7）考查定语从句。句意：从国事访问变成了“工作访问”，在此期间不会和英国女王碰面。分析句子结构可知，先行词为"working trip,"在定语从句中做介词的宾语，故关系代词

为which，故填which。

（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：当然，身为美国总统并不能保证会收到王室的婚礼邀请。分析句子结构可知，动名词作主语，故填being 。

（9）考查名词。句意：当然，身为美国总统并不能保证会收到王室的婚礼邀请。a royal wedding“一份邀请”，冠词后用名词，故填invitation。

（10）考查状语从句。句意：2011年奥巴马在任时就没参加过威廉夫妇的婚礼，即使当时他是现任总统。表示即使用even though/if，引导让步状语从句。故填though/if。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，介词，代词，副词，定语从句，名词以及状语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

8．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. When he ________(ask) why he was able to succeed, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with ________ mother when he was about two years old. "I was trying to get a bottle of milk from the fridge when I lost the bottle and it fell, spilling (溢出) the milk all over the floor-a sea of milk! I got ________ (frighten) and I didn't know what to do!" he said.

Instead of ________(punish) him, his mother asked him to play in the milk for a while. Then she said, " You know, we failed in how to ________(successful) carry a big milk bottle with two tiny ________(hand) just now. Let's go out in the yard and fill the bottle ________ water to see if you can discover a way to carry it."

This famous scientist then remarked that it was at that moment that he ________(know) he didn't need to be afraid to make mistakes ________ were actually opportunities for learning something new. Even if the experiment "doesn't work", we usually learn something ________(value) from it

【答案】was asked；his；frightened；punishing；successfully；hands；with；knew；which/that；valuable

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一位著名科学家和大家分享了他成功的一个小故事：小时候，有一次他把牛奶洒在了地板上。母亲非但没有批评他，反而让他玩了一会儿。通过这次经历，科学家明白了一个道理：犯错其实是学习新东西的机会。即使实验"不成功"，我们通常也能从中学到一些有价值的东西。

（1）考查时态语态。句意：当他被问到为什么他能够成功的时候，他给出了答案。主语he和ask之间是被动关系，该句应用被动语态。且根据主语中的gave可知，该句应用一般过去时态。故填was asked。

（2）考查代词。根据下文他的讲述内容可知，他谈论的是自己的妈妈对自己的影响。且该空修饰名词mother，应用形容词性物主代词。故填his。

（3）考查形容词。句意：我很害怕，我不知道该做些什么。get是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。且此处表示人的情绪，应用frightened。故填frightened。

（4）考查非谓语动词。该空作介词of的宾语，应用动名词，故填punishing。

（5）考查副词。句意：刚才我们没能成功地用两只小手拎起一个大牛奶瓶。该空修饰动

词carry，应用副词。故填successfully。

（6）考查名词。空前有two修饰，应用名词复数。故填hands。

（7）考查介词。句意：我们到院子里去，把瓶子装满水，看看你能不能想个办法把它搬过来。该题考查fill sth. with sth.，固定短语，"用……装满……"，故填with。

（8）考查时态。句意：这位著名的科学家接着说，就在那一刻，他知道他不需要害怕犯错，错误其实是学习新东西的机会。该空在句中作谓语，且根据上下文可知，这是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时态。故填knew。

（9）考查定语从句。"_______ were actually opportunities for learning something new"是定语从句，修饰mistakes，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which/that引导该从句。故填which/that。

（10）考查形容词。句意：我们通常从中学到一些有价值的东西。该空修饰不定代词，应用形容词，故填valuable。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，代词，形容词，非谓语动词，副词，名词，介词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

9．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jackie Robinson made his debut (初次露面) with the Brooklyn Dodgers on April 15,1947, and broke the color barrier ________African Americans in baseball.

"It was the most ________ (eager) expected debut in the history of the national pastime," sports author Robert wrote. "It ________(represent) both the dream and the fear of equal opportunity, ________ it would change forever the color of the game and the attitudes of Americans."

________quietly tolerating harsh racist treatment from baseball fans and team members________(like), Robinson rose to Rookie of the Year and proved himself to be one of the most________(talent) and fiercest players in the game. Just two years into the Major Leagues, Robinson won the National League Most Valuable Player Award. He'd go on to play in six World Series and helped give the Dodgers ________ World Series win in 1955.

Off the field, Robinson was a forefather of the Civil Rights Movement, speaking out against ________ (race) discrimination and ________ (push) baseball to use its economic influence to fight against racialism.

【答案】 for；eagerly；represented；and；After；alike；talented；a；racial；pushing

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，杰基·罗宾逊于1947年4月15日在布鲁克林道奇队首次亮相，并在棒球比赛中为非裔美国人打破了肤色障碍。

（1）考查介词。句意：杰基·罗宾逊于1947年4月15日在布鲁克林道奇队首次亮相，并在棒球比赛中为非裔美国人打破了肤色障碍。表示“为……”，所以填for。

（2）考查副词。句意：这是这项全国性运动历史上最受期待的首次亮相。该空修饰形容词expected，用副词，所以填eagerly。

（3）考查时态。句意：它代表了机会均等的梦想和恐惧，它将永远改变比赛的颜色和美

国人的态度。表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填represented。

（4）考查连词。句意：它代表了机会均等的梦想和恐惧，它将永远改变比赛的颜色和美国人的态度。表示并列关系，所以填and。

（5）考查连词。句意：在默默忍受了球迷和队友的种族歧视之后，罗宾逊成为了年度最佳新秀，并证明了自己是比赛中最有天赋和最勇猛的球员之一。根据句意文中表示“在……之后”，句子第一个单词的首字母大写，所以填After。

（6）考查副词。句意：在默默忍受了球迷和队友的种族歧视之后，罗宾逊成为了年度最佳新秀，并证明了自己是比赛中最有天赋和最勇猛的球员之一。表示“两者都，同样地”，所以填alike。

（7）考查形容词。句意：在默默忍受了球迷和队友的种族歧视之后，罗宾逊成为了年度最佳新秀，并证明了自己是比赛中最有天赋和最勇猛的球员之一。该空修饰名词players，用形容词，所以填talented。

（8）考查冠词。句意：他后来参加了六次世界大赛，并帮助道奇队在1955年赢得了一次世界大赛。文中泛指“一次世界大赛”，World的首字母发音是辅音，所以填不定冠词a。（9）考查形容词。句意：在球场之外，罗宾逊是民权运动的鼻祖，公开反对种族歧视，推动棒球运动利用其经济影响力对抗种族主义。该空修饰名词discrimination，用形容词，所以填racial。

（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：在球场之外，罗宾逊是民权运动的鼻祖，公开反对种族歧视，推动棒球运动利用其经济影响力对抗种族主义。介词against之后，用v+ing形式，所以填pushing。

【点评】本题考点涉及介词，副词，时态，连词，形容词，冠词，非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

10．阅读下面短文 ,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的形式。

In the closing ceremony of the 2018 Olympic Winter Games. China put on "See You in Beijing in 2022", directed by Zhang Yimou. The show centered on the talents of a team of 24 roller-skating ________(perform) from Beijing Sport University. Two of them________(dress) as "Panda Captains" led the performance. The performance reviewed China's ancient times.________(show) the country's rich cultural heritage (遗产)and singing about the present. as well as the future that ________(lie) ahead.

In addition to traditional symbols including the Great Wall and lucky animals________the Chinese dragon and the Chinese phoenix, the performance also showed China's recent engineering and________(technology) achievements. Towards the end of the performance, the Olympic rings ________(rise) on the stage, as well as images of a global village, children's smiling faces, olive branches and plum blossoms(梅花), ________stood for China's promise to promote global peace and building a better future for mankind. Finally, the skaters travelled a path on ice ________(draw) the "Winter Dream" sign of the Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022. The performance ________(successful) sent Chinese people's goodwill and invitations to the world for Beijing 2022.

【答案】performers；dressed；showing；lies；like；technological；rose；which；to draw/drawing；successfully

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在2018年韩国平昌冬季奥运会闭幕式上，中国"2022，相约北京"的表演诠释了中国文化，传达了"北京欢迎你"的愿望。

（1）考查名词。句意：这场表演的主角是来自北京体育大学的24名轮滑表演者。空前的roller skating 作定语修饰空处，又根据空前的”a team of24“ 可知，空处应填表示人的复数名词，故填performers。

（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：他们中有两人穿着"熊猫队长"的服装领衔演出。分析句子可知，本空在句中过去分词充当形容词，修饰Two of them，故填dressed。

（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：演出回顾了中国的古代，展示了中国丰富的文化遗产，歌颂了现在......。根据语境可知，空处与下文的singing并列状语，故填showing。

（4）考查时态。句意：演出回顾了中国的古代，展示了中国丰富的文化遗产，歌颂了现在。以及展现在面前的未来。分析句子的结构可知，本空在句中充当谓语，"位于，展示"，用一般现在时，其主语是单数future, 故填lies 。

（5）考查介词。句意：除了长城和像中国龙、中国凤等幸运动物等吉祥物外，......。根据语境可知，此处表示举例，意为"如......，像....."，故填like。

（6）考查形容词。句意：这场表演还展示了中国最近的工程技术成就。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中修饰名词achievements，修饰名词作定语要用形容词，故填technological。（7）考查时态。句意：演出快结束时，奥运五环在舞台上升起，......。通读全文可知，闭幕式发生在过去，所以五环升起应该用一般过去时，故填rose。

（8）考查定语从句。句意：演出接近尾声时，台上升起奥林匹克五环，还有地球村、儿童笑脸、橄榄枝、梅花等形象，代表着中国促进全球和平、建设人类美好未来的承诺。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，并在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导，因此填which。

（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，选手们在冰上滑走了一条路，画出了2022年北京冬奥会的"冬梦"标志。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空处作状语或定语，作状语时表目的，故填to draw。也可理解为作 a path的后置定语，故也可填drawing，故填to draw/drawing。

（10）考查副词。句意：演出成功地向世界发出了中国人民2022年北京奥运会的善意和邀请。根据空前的"the performance"和空后的"sent"可知，空格处就用副词作状语，修饰sent，故填successfully。

【点评】本题考点涉及名词，非谓语动词，时态，介词，形容词，定语从句以及副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

高考英语语法填空汇编教学教材

2019年高考英语语法 填空汇编

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