启航2016考研英语高分规划讲座讲义—黄涛

决胜2016考研英语讲座系列之一

主讲名师：黄涛

作为一位长期扎根于考研英语教学第一线和专门从事考研英语测试研究的工作者，我经常问这样一个问题：为什么很多人在考研的征途中退却下来？难道是他们意志不够坚定？难道是他们天生愚钝？或者难道是他们基本功太过薄弱？我苦心思考，发现这样一个现象：原来绝大多数同学在准备复习考研之初，就已经注定了将来的放弃或淘汰。因为他们在复习前，脑海中根本就没有想过该怎样复习，从来不思考选择更适合自己的复习方式；更多的人选择了毫无目的的胡乱翻书做题，他们从第一天起就已经走上了“劳而无功”的不归路，从而受到“冲动的惩罚”。

一．考研英语复习基础阶段━主攻核心词汇和句子结构

对于春季开始准备考研的来说，打基础是这个阶段的主要目的。因为考研英语考试大纲对广大考生提出了与考研难度系数相当的要求，这个要求不同于4、6级，对此必须要清晰的掌握所有考研英语必须掌握的词汇和结构，这些基础的要求是考试中获取高分的前提。在决胜的第一阶段，要将大部分时间投入基础训练，特别要强化的是：

词汇：对于考研英语而言，重要的是掌握2000个左右常考高频词。词汇量的大小不能决定你考试的成绩，关键看你背诵的词汇是不是考试考查的词汇。因此，我们在第一阶段把这2000个左右真题中的词汇全部弄懂, 词汇就算过关了。

句子结构：考研英语不是难在词汇上，而是难在句子结构上，句子结构成了构建考研英语的灵魂，如果掌握不到位，就不能读懂阅读的文章。考研阅读文章所有的难句，都是由2-3个以上的复杂句构成的；也就不能写出经典的句子，所有的精美句型都是结构的精华浓缩。因此必须弄清楚语法的重点、对难点与盲点进行深入、细致的研究。实际上，从应试学的角度来阐述考研。我们就会发现，虽然考研的语法现象极为复杂，但是其中绝大多数语法现象是中学乃至初中就应该已经掌握的，而在考研中密集考查的语法也就是固定的8种：主从复合句；并列句的种种关系；非谓语动词；定语后置；插入语；倒装句；比较结构句和省略句。

阅读：应仔细阅读2005年之前历年真题的阅读文章。通过熟悉阅读文章的语言风格和难度来把握考研阅读的规律和特点。在阅读中学习、运用词汇和语法。反过来，把词汇和语法知识放到具体的语篇语境中去学习、积累和运用。

翻译与写作：翻译历年真题中阅读理解的文章，既训练了写作又精读了真题文章，一举两得。也许前期比较痛苦，但是可以肯定的是翻译完20篇后，你会感觉活着还是蛮有滋味的。因为翻译的过程就是拆分句子的过程，当你习惯了这样的思维方式的时候，看到任何句子就会潜意识的去分析它，久而久之，长难句就容易了。

二．考研英语阅读词汇5大特点

对于词汇，不能说同学们不知其重要性，更不能说同学们对它不重视。在考研辅导班，我经常看到这样的情景：在上学路上，有人拿着词汇书边走边看；在上楼梯时，有人抱着词汇书若有所思；在课间休息时，很多人看着词汇书争分夺秒…。我很佩服同学们的学习精神，但我同时不禁在想：大家如此勤奋努力，为什么学习中还有那么多障碍、考试时还有那么多麻烦呢？

许多人按照四、六级的思路备考研，往往事倍功半，结果也是处处碰壁。总而言之，考研有考研的道。只有对症下药，才能破解考研的特定命题规律。考研需突破5569个词汇，应抓住词汇的“核心语义”，掌握同一词汇在不同语境中的不同语义，灵活运用同义、近义词。如何决胜2016考研，从词汇出发，我们应注意以下几个方面：

1．背过了不等于背会了，弄懂了，考研词汇有它的特点。比如说，context (环境, 02考题), accommodate (适应, 03年考题), group (团队, 03年考题)。首先请阅读2014考研英语阅读31题的选项[B] a handsome ( ) reward for researchers. 最后阅读2014年第4篇文章真题句子Regrettably, however, the report’s failure ( ) to address ( ) the true nature ( )of the crisis facing liberal( ) education may cause more harm than good (弊大于利). (2014 /Text 4)

考点归纳：记忆单词，一定要注意词义的____________。

2Translation (多指笔译), Interpretation (多指口译和对内容的解释), 另外，还有discover 和invent的区别。

3. 形近词。指的是形状相近的单词。如：contribute( ),

attribute( ), distribute( ), tribute (尊敬，贡品)等。

4. 词类活用是指词性多变。比如：experience (经历), pay rise（加薪），place (放置)等。一词

多性是四六级选词填空必考的技巧，希望黄桃们认真掌握。

5. 重视合成词和派生词：disgraced（丢脸的）, downshifting（放慢生活节奏）, alphabet-ism （字母歧视）, nonconformist（不服从者，不循规蹈踞之人）, upgrade（升级）, multinational （跨国的）等。这是我词汇导学课必讲的内容之一。

◇◇黄涛温馨提示：一定要听黄涛精品词汇导学课，这一天课程会精讲阅读词汇的5大考点，后期学员还会听到黄涛课程的7大专业性词汇和8大出题点◇◇

三．写作词汇4大特点——Variety is the key.

6．准确度(accuracy)指的是单词的________和______，特别注意_________，这是作文的生命线，后期黄涛作文冲刺班会给出考研作文必杀420个词汇。

7．难度(difficulty)指的是写出____________________，这是获取作文高分的必备条件之一。8．广度(variety)是指用________________________，这也是获取作文高分的必备条件之二。9．亮度(brightness) 是指用______________________，这是获取作文高分条件之三。

四．

2014年考研大作文━见黄涛作文冲刺班讲义第54页的Topic 12

，让考前押题不再是神话！1. 大作文审题很重要；2. 用太烂太旧的套话很危险

黄涛博客: https://www.wendangku.net/doc/326707859.html,/huangtaokaoyan；新浪微博：黄涛考研

◇◇连续五年黄涛成功押中大小作文，塑造了考研界的传奇，因此黄涛作文冲刺资料也成了历年来广大考生最后冲刺的葵花宝典。搜狐、新浪、考试吧、中国考试在线等各大网络媒体都有黄涛对历年考研英语真题的解析，黄桃们可登陆黄涛博客和新浪微博，去下载相关资料◇◇

五．巧妙记忆单词方法：

①词根词缀法（前缀改变词义，后缀改变词性），gene, genius, genuine（真实的）, ingenious

（天才的）, ingenuous（天真的，巧妙的）；

②族记法（transfer, transition, transmission, transformation）

③联想法：因的联想（pest, ambition），形的联想（gloom），义的联想（target），对比联

想（economical, economic）

④讲故事记单词：clash, crash, smash, ash, bush, abash, cash.

⑤分类记忆：阅读词汇（熟记词和认知词）；写作词汇。

⑥利用阅读和语境记词

对于考研，应该树立一个正确的认识：成功来自扎实的语言知识基本功和必要的应试技能，二者缺一不可。要完成这两项任务，应该科学地安排好自己的复习备考时间。对广大准备考研的莘莘学子们，我最想说的就是：同学，恭喜你，因为你今天做出考研的决定时，就意味着你已经比别人领先一步了，成功一半了。而你成功的另一半取决于你的准备，因为God helps those prepared. 也可以说，成败在于你如何准备。考研这类考试如果不准备，或准备不充分是必定要失败的。因为这是一个选拔人才的考试，是选拔考试就要有及格率，有及格率就要有人淘汰，适者生存。这是考试严酷的现实所决定的。“考试不相信眼泪，考试相信实力。” 你只有自己敢于去尝试、拼搏，运用自己的“巧力”，尽自己的“全力”，使出自己的“耐力”，才可能在考研的征途上乘风破浪，顺利到达成功的彼岸！

Mr. Yellow’s Remar ks：

苦干+ 巧干=成功！

领先一步,步步领先！

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