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2019年高考英语阅读理解专项训练

(名师精选试题+解析答案，建议下载练习)

Doha, the capital of Qatar，is a city of contrasts(对照). In a few decades it has been transformed from a small port to an international city. Today, its skyline is shaped by rising skyscrapers, but Old Doha---though fast disappearing---can still be found.

Time seems to stand still in the old quarter of the city. On the dusty streets, Indian and Pakistani men sit cross-legged outside tea shops and restaurants. At one end of the road, men queue by the doorways of crowded supermarkets to buy necessities: boxes of teabags, milk, sugar, bread and soap. The shops are dark and poorly stocked. However, only five miles away, on the

other side of the city, Doha shows a completely different image. It shines brilliantly with skyscrapers, five-star hotels and noble apartment buildings. The area looks like any other modem district in the world.

Qatar, a tiny gulf(海湾)nation, is a country of vast local and international ambitions. At home,

it has owned several international universities. Abroad, it tries to speak louder on gulf affairs. These ambitions are urged by the country?s unbelievably rich reserves of fossil fuels．In December 2012, Daba was the site of Copl8 UN Climate Change Conference and in 2022，Qatar will host the World Cup.

Mohammed Salim, 55, runs a hair salon in the old part of the city where he works as a hair dresser．When he came to Doha 22 years ago from Pakistan，he recalls，Doha was a quiet town with few modern buildings．“At that time，Doha seemed rather small．There were no big roads or

．“People now tend to malls at all.” He has noticed a drop in customers to his salon in recent years

go to more fashionable hair salons in shopping malls．Some day this old area will be gone, and my business will probably be gone, too．I'll be sad. I love here, but things are changing．We can?t ignore it.”

1．What makes Doha become a city of contrasts according to the passage?

A．The city?s old and modern districts．B．The modern city and the tiny country．

C．The city?s past and present cond itions．D．The fashionable city and its poor citizens．2．What do we know about the shops in the old quarter of Doha?

A．They don't have many goods or customers．

B．They provide a great variety of luxury goods．

C．They are bright big shops crowded with people．

D．They look poor and offer fewer choices of goods．

3．The author takes the hair salon as an example to show that___________.

A．people in Doha are fashionable

B．the economy in Doha becomes bad[来源学科网ZXXK]

C．changes are happening to Old Doha

D．Doha used to be an undeveloped town

4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．Old Doha is characterized by rising skyscrapers．

B．Doha seemed small in the past as is recalled by Salim．

C．Doha will host Copl8 UN Climate Change Conference in 2022．

D. The western side of Doha looks more modern than the eastern side.

文章讲述了海湾小国卡塔尔的首都多哈正在经历的城市变迁。目前的多哈老城和新城并立，

对比强烈。

1.A推理判断题。从第一段最后一句its skyline is shaped by rising skyscrapers，but Old Doha...can still be found可知，一边是rising skyscrapers，一边是0ld Doha，对比鲜明，故选项A“新城区和老城区的对比是正确答案。

2.D细节理解题。从第二段可知老城区的商店虽然拥挤，但只能供给有限的必需品(necessities)，灯光昏暗(dark)、货物种类不多(poorly stocked)，给人一种破败的印象，与选项

D对应。

3. C 作者意图题。Mohammed的理发店正经历着与老城区同样的命运，即最后一段倒数第

四句Some day this old area will be gone, and my business will probably be gone，too。所以作者用这个例子是为本文的中心服务。说明things are changing，老城区正在迅速消失。

4. B 细节理解题。从最后一段Salim说的话At that time，Doha seemed rather small．There

were no big roads or malls at all可知8项正确。其它三项均与文意不符。

I live in north Celebes which is near Philippines. Since early December 2010 most tropical regions have been frequently hit by rain. Just like my hometown, tropical regions only have two seasons, including the dry season that usually starts from April to September and the wet or rainy season which usually happens from October to March. But, it could be indeterminate. Sometimes the rainy season can come a month earlier or later. It can be prolonged(延长) even more than 4 months and so can the dry season. Even during the dry season, rain can occur several times in certain areas.

The prolonged dry season in tropical areas usually causes a lot of losses. It will be very harmful to local farmers, because most of the tropical areas are regions of the developing countries. Sometimes agricultural and plantation crops will be damaged because of so much dry land and the fact that the river used to flow the water for rice fields are also dry. Rain is very important for plants because rain contains many nutrients that plants are in great need of.

What?s more, if the prolonged rainy season arrives and then floods usually occur in certain areas of low lands. Even for the capital city of Jakarta floods have struck several times during the prolonged rainy season. In addition to floods, the rainy season can cause many diseases. During the dry season, diseases are usually caused by mosquitoes such as dengue fever. While in the rainy season, people who have the weak immune will be more easily attacked by some diseases such as flu, fever, diarrhea, and much more.

If you live in the other places and want to travel to the tropical regions, make sure that you

have known much about the season and the effect for these months in which you want to travel as tourists. Only in that way, can you at least prepare to deal with tropical weather.

5. How long does the dry season usually last in the author?s hometown?

A. Four months.

B. Five months.

C. Six months.

D. Seven months.

6.The second paragraph mainly tells us something about _____.

A．the effects of the dry season. B．the benefits of the rainy season.

C．the growth of dry land D．the diseases in the dry season

7.We can learn from the passage that in the wet season, _____

A．the capital of Jakarta is flooded every year

B．more crops will die after being flooded for so long.

C．mosquitoes will spread more diseases among the crowd.

D．people with weak immune might be attacked by some diseases

8.The main purpose of this passage is to introduce _____.

A．some interesting facts of tropical regions

B．some knowledge about tropical regions to travelers

C．some knowledge about how to live well in different regions.

D．some differences between dry and wet seasons in tropical regions.

作者在文章中向人们介绍了热带的旱季和雨季及它们给人们带来的破坏。

5. C。细节理解题。从第一段的Just like my hometown, tropical regions only have two seasons, including the dry season that usually starts from April to September…　

可知，作者的家在热带，

热带只有两个季节，旱季和雨季，通常每个季节有六个月的时间。

6. A。主旨大意题。第二段主要讲的是延长的旱季带来的破坏及给人们造成的损失。

7. D。细节理解题。从倒数第二段的While in the rainy season, people who have weak immune

可知，在雨季，那些抵抗力较差的人很容易

will be more easily attacked by some diseases …　

患病。

8. B。作者意图题。从最后一段的内容可知，这篇文章主要是给想到热带旅行的人介绍有关

热带的知识。

In the American colonies there was little money．England did not supply the colonies with coins and it did not allow the colonies to make their own coins．Only the Massachusetts Bay Colony received permission for a short period in 1652 to make several kinds of silver coins．England wanted to keep money out of America as a means of controlling trade：America was forced to trade only with England if it did not have the money to buy products from other countries．The result during the pre-revolutionary period was that the colonists used various goods in place of money：beaver furs，Indian wampum，and tobacco leaves were all commonly used as substitutes(代替物)for money．The colonists also made use of any foreign coins they could

obtain．Dutch，Spanish，French，and English coins were all in use in the American colonies．Individual states and the Continental Congress issued paper money．So much of this paper money was printed that by the end of the Revolutionary War it was virtually worthless．As a result，trade in goods and the use of foreign coins were still common during this period．By the time the Revolutionary War had been won by the American colonists，the monetary(货币的)system was in a state of total confusion．To change this situation，the new Constitution of the United States，approved in 1789，allowed only Congress to issue money．The individual states could no longer have their own money supply．A few years later，the Coinage Act of 1792 made the dollar the official currency of the United States and put the country on a bimetallic(双金属的)standard．In this bimetallic system，both gold and silver were legal money，and the rate of exchange of silver to gold was fixed by the government at sixteen to one．

9．The reason why England kept money out of America was that______

A．America had to trade only with England

B．American colonies could have their own coins

C．the colonists wanted to save the money for their own country

D．too much paper money in use would lead to the decrease of value

10．What happened to the American monetary system during the Revolutionary War?

A．Individual states were not allowed to issue money．

B．The Continental Congress issued g01d and silver coins．

C．American money replaced trade-in goods and foreign coins.

D．So much paper money was in use that it almost lost its value at last.

11．According to the passage，under the new US Constitution____-

A．only the US Congress could issue money

B．the dollar was made the official currency of the US

C．the US officially went on a bimetallic monetary system

D· various state governments，including Massachusetts，could issue money

12.This passage mainly discusses _____

A．American money from past to present

B．the English monetary policies in American colonies

C．the effect of the Revolutionary War on American money

D．the American monetary system during the 17th and 18th centuries

【文章综述】本文主要讲述的是在十七和十八世纪美国的货币政策

【答案解析】

9.A 细节理解题。根据第一段提到England wanted to keep money out of America as a means of controlling trade：America was forced to trade only with England if it did not have the money to

buy products from other countries英国执行此政策的目的是让美国只与英国进行贸易，故选A 项。

10.D 细节理解题。根据第二段提到S0 much of this paper money was printed that by the end of the Revolutionary War it was virtually worthless在革命战争时期，大量纸币的印刷造成贬值，

故选D项。

11.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段提到To change this situation，the new Constitution of the United States，approved in 1789，allowed only Congress to issue money．为了改变这一状况，

美国宪法规定，只能国会才能发行货币，故选A项。

12.D 主旨大意。本文主要讲述的是在十七和十八世纪美国的货币政策，故选D项。

Tea drinking was common in China for about one thousand years before anyone in Europe

had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity. Some of them were not sure how to use it. They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves. Then they served them mixed with butter and salt. They soon discovered their mistake but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches.

Tea was rare and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began

to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century. During the next few years so much

tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it.

At the same time people on the Continent were becoming more and more appreciate of tea. Until then tea had been drunk without milk in it, but one day an outstanding French lady named

Madame de Sevigne decided to see what tea tasted like when milk was added. She found it so agreeable. Because she was such a great lady, her friends thought they must copy everything she did, so they also drank their tea with milk in it. Slowly this habit spread until it reached England

and today only very few British people drink tea without milk.

At first, tea was usually drunk after dinner in the evening No one ever thought of drinking tea

in the afternoon until a duchess (公爵夫人) found that a cup of tea and a piece of cake at three or

as she called it. She invited her four o?clock stopped her getting “a submerging(沉浸) feeling”　

friends to have this new meal with her and so, tea-time was born.

13．Which of the following is true of the introduction of tea into Britain?

A．The British got expensive tea from India.

B．Tea reached Britain from Holland.

C．The British were the first people in Europe who drank tea.

D．It was not until the 17th century that the British had tea.

14．This passage mainly discusses ___________________.

A．the history of tea drinking in Britain

B．how tea became a popular drink in Britain

C．how the British got the habit of drinking tea

D．how tea-time was born

15．People in Europe began to drink tea with milk because _____________________.

A．it tasted like milk

B．it tasted more pleasant

C．it became a popular drink

D．Madame de Sevigne was such a lady with great social influence that people tried to copy the way she drank tea

16．We may infer from the passage that the habit of drinking tea in Britain was mostly due to the influence of ____________________ .

A．a famous French lady B．the ancient Chinese

C．the upper social class D．people in Holland

【参考答案】13-16、BADC

Human civilization has truly come a long way．From using animals for transport to the super fast automobiles that we have today．From using flint to making fire to using one touch lighters．But there are some things that we will never let go of．Some ancient traditions that have been brought down through the ages are still followed today．

Groundhog Day(土拔鼠节)，falls on the 2nd of February every year．It is observed in the United States and Canada．While this day may be a public holiday and a bank holiday，it is not a compulsory holiday declared by the government．But this is not so for all the states．State-wise holidays may vary．

Ever heard of Punxsutawney Phil? Groundhog Day is observed because of this groundhog．The day is indeed about a groundhog．Punxsutawney is the name of an apparently weather forecasting groundhog．He lives in his burrow(洞穴)on Gobler?s Knob，Punxsutawney in Pennsylvania，for a short period before the 2nd of February every year．On the 2nd of February，Phil comes out from his burrow and looks for his shadow．If he sees his shadow and goes back into the burrow，then America will have an extended winter of six weeks，But if he cannot see his shadow，and he remains outside．It means winter will soon end and spring will arrive very shortly .Phil has been,predicting?the length of winter in this manner for almost a century and they have always been almost 100％accurate．

Groundhog Day is celebrated in some parts of the USA and Canada．The largest celebration is held at Punxsutawney，Pennsylvania．People come in scores to visit Punxsutawney Phil．They wait eagerly, camping days in advance，to see the small groundhog appear from his burrow，check for his shadow and either go back in or stay out．People cheer when they hear it is time for winter to end and celebrate by eating sweets and singing and dancing．Today．the Groundhog Day is a widespread tradition and an exciting event．

17．People celebrate Groundhog Day because ______________.

A．some sweets are provided on Groundhog Day

B．more and more people love groundhogs

C．the groundhog predicts the beginning of spring

D．Punxsutawney Phil is worth respecting

18. We learn from the passage that Punxsutawney Phil ____________．

A．forecasts the weather based on his shadow

B．witnesses the history of human development

C．organizes celebrations on Groundhog Day

D．gives performances on Groundhog Day

19．We may infer from the passage that ________________．

A．groundhogs will replace TV weathermen soon

B．groundhogs can forecast the weather accurately

C．Groundhog Day is becoming popular in the US and Canada

D．a longer shadow of a groundhog indicates a longer winter

20．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. Winter will end if the groundhog goes back into the burrow.

B．Groundhog Day is a compulsory?holiday in the US and Canada．

C．A groundhog will remain outside if he sees his shadows on 2nd，Feb．

D．The celebration in Punxsutawney attracts large numbers of visitors．

【答案】

17.C。解析：推理归纳题从第二段以及最后一段“Groundhog Day is celebrated in some parts of

等信息推理

the USA and Canada…”

，“People cheer when they hear it is time for winter to end…”

得知，人们把它当节日庆祝的原因就是因为它预示着春天的开始。

18. A。解析：细节理解题从文章第二段“Phil comes out from his burrow and looks for his

shadow. If he sees his shadow and goes back into the burrow, then America will h ave an extended

winter of six weeks…”

得知。

19. C。解析：推理判断题从最后一段“Groundhog Day is celebrated in some parts of the USA

判断

and Canada.”及“Today, the Groundhog Day is a widespread tradition and an exciting event”得知。

20. D。解析：细节理解题从第四段“The l argest celebration is held at Punxsutawney,

得知。

Pennsylvania”

Australian cities can keep their native wildlife —but only if they can kick their habit of

urban sprawl (无计划的扩展). That?s the finding of a new study by leading Australian

environmental researchers Jessica Sushinsky, Professor Hugh P ossingham and Dr Richard Fuller

of The University of Queensland.

“While u rban development usually reduces the number of birds in a city, building more

compact (紧凑的) cities and avoiding urban sprawl can slow these reductions greatly,” says le

es untouched, leading

author Jessica Sushinsky. “Compact housing development leaves birds? hom

to fewer losses of birds.”

The researchers surveyed native and wild birds in Brisbane?s urban areas, including living

and industrial areas, public parks and gardens, major roadways and airports. They then used

statistical modeling to find out what will happen to the birds as the city grows. The first setting

was compact growth —where multiple homes are built on land that previously had only one

house. The second setting was sprawling growth — a familiar pattern where homes are built here

and there beyond the city?s current boundaries.

The team?s forecasts showed that a much greater diversity of species was lost over 20 years

in the sprawling setting compared to the more compact setting. “Urban sprawl resulted in the

disappearance of many urban-sensitive birds — birds that only live in areas where there is native

vegetation (植被), such as parklands and woodlands,” Ms Sushinsky says.

“On the other hand, we found the city with the compact development attracted more birds

because it kept more of its parks and green areas.”

Now the Queensland Government has adopted the more compact urban growth strategy,

which, Dr Richard Fuller says, is good news for Australia?s native birds. These birds are

environmental specialists —they need a particula r environment to do well. “While c ompact

development means smaller backyards, it can also make our entire cities more biodiverse,”　

according to Dr Fuller. “The study shows that we should hold on to o

ur green spaces instead of

clearing them for sprawling d evelopment.”

This is the first time science has modeled the effects of different urban growth strategies on

birds, the researchers say. “Statistical m odels like these are important because they help us to

understand the ecological consequences of a particular decision,” says Dr Fuller.

21. The study deals with the relationship between ______.

A. city development and birds

B. the environment and birds

2020-2021高考英语阅读理解综合题汇编及答案解析

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