英语专业 英语听力2 听力原文及答案unit 8

Unit 8

Task 1

【答案】

A.

1) interest rates; third time

2) shrunk; first time

3) A fall; employment

4) higher

B.

【原文】

News Item 1

The United States central bank, the Federal Reserve, has raised interest rates for the third time this year. The Federal Reserve raised the overnight bank lending rate by 0.25 percent (one fourth of one percent) to 5.5 percent. It raised the discount rate also by 0.25 percent to 5 percent. The Federal Reserve said it had no plans to raise interest rates again any time soon. It said the increase today should reduce the danger of inflation.

News Item 2

The Commerce Department says the American economy has shrunk for the first time in eight years. The total value of goods and services produced in the United States fell by four tenth of one percent (0.4 percent) in the period of July through September. A recession is commonly defined as at least six months where the economy shrinks.

News Item 3

A fall in the New York market had been widely predicted following Friday's better than expected US employment figures. US bonds from which the government funds long-term borrowing fell nearly two points on the news that more jobs had been created in March than had been expected. The Dow Jones Index was closed on Friday for the Easter holiday, so today was the first chance for the share market to react.

News Item 4

And we go straight to Wall Street where share prices closed higher. The Dow Jones Industrial Average was up nearly 1 percent or 89 points at 10,205. Shares made up for some of the losses they incurred in the past week, thanks to what was interpreted as "signs the US inflation is under control".

Task 2

【答案】

A.

1) F

2) F

3) T

B.

manned; third; the Soviet Union; a person; Shenzhou ⅴ; the Gobi Desert; Inner Mongolia; Thursday; 14; about 20; importance; modernity

【原文】

News Item 1

China has launched a manned space flight, becoming the third country to do so 40 years after the Soviet Union and the United States. A single astronaut was on board the Shenzhou V Craft, which took off from the Gobi Desert. It's expected to go round the earth 14 times during a 24-hour period before landing in Inner Mongolia. President Hu Jintao watched the launch, a sign of the importance China attaches to its space programme. Francis Margnez reports from Beijing.

Half an hour after the spacecraft blasted off, China's state television showed footage of the launch, the rocket climbing slowly into the clear blue sky. And many Chinese will feel their country has taken a proud step towards modernity.

News Item 2

China's first man in space has returned to Earth. Reports say Chinese officials declared the space flight a success. Astronaut Yang Liwei is also reported to be in good health. On Tuesday, China became only the third nation to send a person into orbit. Astronaut Yang and his spacecraft landed in China's Inner Mongolia early Thursday. He had orbited the earth 14 times in about 20 hours. The United States and Russia praised China for the launch. Russia and the United States were the first two nations to send people into space.

Task 3

【答案】

A.

1) d

2) b

3) a

4) a

B.

1) ban

2) tobacco taxes

3) substance

4) Health warning

5) treatment programs

6) Education

7) secondhand smoke

C.

1) Reference: Negotiation s→pr oposed treaty→approved by the WHO meeting→individual approval by the WHO members→coming into effect when at least 40 members have ratified the treaty

【原文】

Negotiators have agreed to the wording of a proposed international treaty on tobacco control. Delegates from more than 170 countries approved the final wording earlier this month in Switzerland. This came after four years of negotiations. The proposed treaty is called the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. It will be presented in May at the yearly meeting of the World Health Organization, a UN agency. The final version approved there will also require individual approval by WHO members. Once 40 nations have approved it, the treaty will go into effect in those countries.

Member states cannot make any amendments once the WHO approves a final version of the treaty. They must either accept or reject the agreement as it is written. The proposed Framework Convention on Tobacco Control is part of the efforts to reduce deaths and diseases from smoking.

The WHO estimates that almost five million people die each year from lung cancer and other tobacco-related diseases. That number could rise to ten million a year by 2020. Developing nations are the biggest growth areas for tobacco-related diseases. These nations are calling for the strongest laws possible to control tobacco. The treaty would ban advertising and other marketing campaigns for tobacco products, where doing so would not violate a country's constitution. It also calls for high tobacco taxes. It would even require companies to make public all the substances they use to make cigarettes.

In addition, tobacco companies would have to place health warnings on at least thirty percent of their products. These warnings could not include information that might lead people to believe that some cigarettes are less harmful than others. In addition, governments would have to support treatment programs to help people stop smoking. And, there would have to be education campaigns to get people not to start. The proposed treaty also calls for measures to protect non-smokers from second-hand smoke, that is, smoke from other people's tobacco.

Task 4

Thank you. And thank you for asking me to share in your weekly address to the American people.

Britain and America have so much in common: language, values, belief in family and community, in a real sense of national pride. We share many problems, too. And it has been clear from our discussions that we are agreed, in general terms, about some of the solutions.

You took the tough decisions needed for long-term economic stability. We are doing so. You have focused on education, welfare reform, a new approach to crime. So are we. Together, we are breaking down boundaries of left and right and creating a new politics of the radical centre.

Task 5

【答案】

1) b

2) c

B.

1) e)

2) f)

3) b)

4) d)

5) a)

6) c)

C.

1) The award recognizes women's actions in building peace, protecting women's human rights and supporting community life during and after war.

2) Because women can play a very important role in re-establishing normal community life after peace has been reached

【原文】

Each year, the Nobel Committee in Oslo, Norway announces the winners of its famous Nobel Prizes. Most winners of the Nobel Peace Prize have been men. Only ten percent have been women since the prize was first presented in 1901.

Now the United Nations Development Fund for Women and the human rights group International Alert have presented a new award to honor women peacemakers. It is called the Millennium Peace Prize for Women. Officials will present the award every three years. The award recognizes women's actions in building peace, protecting women's human rights and supporting community life during and after war.

Experts say women are usually not as involved in the peace process as men are. However, their work to re-establish normal community life after peace has been reached is very important. Because of this, International Alert says women also need to be recognized as leaders in peace building.

Earlier this month, six women and organizations received the Millennium Peace Prize for Women. One of the winners is the Colombian group “Ruta Pacifica de las Mujeres”, or Women's Road to Peace. This group has organized protests against the violence between rebel groups and the Colombian government.

The group “Leitana Nehan Women's Development Agency” also won the peace prize. It helped in the peace process between the military and rebel forces in Papua New Guinea. Another winner is the group Women in Black. It is an international organization that organizes protests against violence, aggression and war.

Flora Brovina also received the peace prize. She organized the League of Albanian Women of Kosovo. Doctor Brovina has taught emergency medical skills to people in Kosovo.

Asma Jahangir and Hina Jilani are also peace prize winners. They worked to support human rights and women's rights in Pakistan. And the leader of the women's movement in Rwanda also won the Millennium Peace Prize, after her death. Veneranda Nzambazamariya helped re-build Rwanda after the mass killings in 1994. She died in a plane crash last year.

Task 6

【答案】

1) Because of the outbreak of dengue fever.

2) More than 80,000.

3) Severe headaches, fever and vomiting.

4) He considers it his government’s biggest political weakness.

B.

1) The EU has banned all imports of animal products from the Netherlands.

2) The Dutch government has confirmed four cases of foot-and-mouth disease.

3) Only Britain and France have been affected by the disease.

4) Officials have seized some sheep suspected of having mad cow disease.

【原文】

News Item 1

Brazil's new Health Minister Hosein Selar has sacked two senior health officials in Rio de Janeiro amid growing concern about the epidemic of dengue fever. More than 80,000 people in southeast Brazil have caught the mosquito-born disease which causes severe headaches, fever and vomiting. In some cases, it can be fatal. Our Brazil correspondent Steven Switch reports that President Fernando Henrique Cardoso regards the issue of health care as his government's biggest political weakness.

News Item 2

In agriculture news. The European Union has banned all imports of animal products from the Netherlands. The ban was ordered after the Dutch government confirmed four cases of foot-and-mouth disease there. Dutch officials have had all infected animals destroyed. Until now, only Britain and France have been 'affected by the animal disease. Also, in the American State of Vermont, officials seized some sheep suspected of having mad cow disease. More than 230 sheep were taken from a farm. The animals will be destroyed and tested for the disease.

Task 7

【答案】

A.

1) correspondent

2) a Jamaican town

3) the cruise liner

4) an island in the Caribbean

5) the Royal Navy vessel

6) the hurricane

B.

1) F

2) F

3) T

4) T

5) T

C.

Reference: In this exercise, students can use their own imagination and guess what might happen next.

D.

1) Yes。

2) They had thought the ship would sink, so they went there for shelter.

3) No.

4) The Royal Navy frigate Steadfast would take them off the island.

5) No. Apart from a few minor injuries there were no casualties.

【原文】

Part One

Announcer: ... in Garderers' Question Time at 2 o'clock. And now over to Gordon Chartwell in the newsroom.

Newsreader: Here is the news, read by Gordon Chartwell. The cruise liner, Princess of Wales, which ran aground last night off the island of St. Catherine in the Caribbean, is

reported to be sinking. Here's a report from our correspondent in Jamaica, Graham

Smith.

Graham Smith: A weak radio signal was received here in Kingston a few hours ago from the radio operator on the 28,000-ton luxury cruise ship, the Princess of Wales. According to

this message, the ship is taking in water and is starting to sink. All the passengers

have been ordered into the lifeboats and told to make for the nearby island of St.

Catherine, the coast of which is some 20 miles from the scene of the accident. In

normal circumstances this would be an easy 3-hour trip, but with Hurricane Zelda

approaching fast and blowing away from the island, it's feared that some boats

may not make it in time to the safety of the island. Once on the island, it would be

possible for passengers and crew to shelter from the wind and await rescue. The

Royal Navy frigate Steadfast is heading for St. Catherine at full speed but it may

take her up to 24 hours to get there. So things look pretty grim for the 700

passengers and 420 crew at the moment. This is Graham Smith in Kingston,

Jamaica.

Newsreader: As soon as we have any further news we, will interrupt our programmes to bring it to you. And now the rest of the news. In Liverpool today the Prime Minister said

in a speech...

Part Two

Announcer: We interrupt this programme to take you over to the newsroom for a newsflash. Newsreader: This is Gordon Chartwell in the newsroom with a further report from our correspondent Graham Smith in Jamaica about the stranded liner, Princess of

Wales.

Graham Smith: A further signal has been picked up from the Princess of Wales within the past few minutes. According to this, the ship is now out of danger. Apparently the damage

to the liner is not as serious as was originally thought and she is still completely

seaworthy and out of danger. However, before this was realized, 5 of the lifeboats

had been launched and about 200 passengers and crew had made their way to the

island of St. Catherine where they are reported to be safe. For the time being they

are likely to remain on the island. The remaining 920 people are still on board the

liner and in no danger. Although Hurricane Zelda has reached the island, the wind

seems to have blown itself out to some extent and although there are heavy seas,

there is no danger for a ship of the size of the Princess of Wales. The ship is now

clear of the rocks. The passengers and crew sheltering on the island will be

brought off by the Royal Navy frigate Steadfast, which is now close to the area.

Apart from a few minor injuries there are no casualties. This is Graham Smith

returning you to the studio.

Newsreader: There will be a further report in our main news at one o'clock. And now back to Down Your Way...

Task 8

【答案】

A.

1) c

2) c

3) a

B.

【原文】

News Item 1

The European Union has officially approved the Kyoto Treaty on climate change. Officials from all 15 EU states attended a ceremony Friday at the United Nations in New York. However, the treaty still needs the approval of more countries to come into effect. The treaty limits the release by Industrial countries of gases blamed for trapping heat in the atmosphere. The United States was one of the first countries to sign the Kyoto Treaty, but has since withdrawn. President Bush says the treaty could harm the American economy.

News Item 2

Welcome to BBC World News, I'm Nick Gowing. Environment ministers from 180 countries will start trying to rescue the Kyoto Treaty on global warming shortly. They join their officials who have been meeting all week in the German city of Bonn. The 1997 Kyoto agreement commits industrialized countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The protocol was undermined in a major way in March when US President George W. Bush said it would weaken America's economy.

It's Beethoven who dominates the town square here and it's unlikely that he'll have to give up his place to a monument celebrating a conference which halted global warming. Ministers from over 180 countries have already agreed to global cuts in emissions of greenhouse gases 5 percent below the 1990 levels. But here they must decide how this will be achieved. Since George Bush

pulled out of the deal, the argument is between Japan and Europe. The Japanese want flexible rules allowing them to plant more trees in place of steep cuts in pollution and weaker penalties for missing targets. Europe doesn't like it but really wants a deal.

News Item 3

A major international conference on climate change is to open in Moscow shortly with Russia coming under renewed pressure to sign the Kyoto Protocol. That's the agreement to limit the industrial pollutants that are believed to contribute to global warming. The Kyoto Protocol of 1997 can only come into force when 55 percent of countries have signed up to it. With United States refusing to sign, ratification by Russia is crucial to the treaty's success. From Moscow our environment correspondent Tim Hersch reports.

President Putin himself called this conference in his own capital to discuss the latest signs of climate change and it had been thought he might use the opportunity to announce that his government was finally prepared to sign up to Kyoto, but comments from senior Kremlin officials have played down expectations, saying Russia wanted firm guarantees of foreign investment in clean technology before pressing ahead with ratification. The European Union and UN bodies have been putting pres-sure on Mr. Putin to end the delays so that international action against global warming could finally start six years after the Kyoto agreement was signed.

Task 9

【答案】

I.

September 19th; three days; child activists; non-government organizations

A. actions

2. a good education for all children

3. the chance for all children to become an important part of their communities

B. the progress

II.

seventy-one heads of state and government; a treaty aimed at improving the lives of children around the world; the rights of children

III.

(former) world leaders; creators

A. educating children

B. protecting them from war

C. fighting AIDS

get involved; take action; work for change

【原文】

The United Nations General Assembly will hold a special session on children beginning September Nineteenth. The meeting will bring together government leaders, child activists, non-government organizations and many young people. The three-day gathering will give officials a valuable chance to change how the world thinks about children.

Eleven years ago, the U-N held a similar meeting called the World Summit for Children. During that conference, seventy-one heads of state and government signed a treaty aimed at improving the lives of children around the world. Efforts to reach the goals established in that treaty have made the rights of children an important issue.

The UN agency for children, UNICEF, is supporting the special session. Officials are expected to produce a plan of action to guarantee that three important goals are reached. The goals are the best possible start in life for all children, a good education for all children and the chance for all children to become an important part of their communities. The session will also examine progress made since the Nineteen-Ninety World Summit for Children.

Former South African President and Nobel Peace Prize winner Nelson Mandela is working toward these goals. He is joined by his wife Graca Machel who is an activist for children. They are calling on community, business and government leaders to form an international movement aimed at improving the world for young people.

The movement is hoping to build international support for a public campaign to help children. Several world leaders have joined the movement. They include South Korean President Kim Dae-Jung and Queen Rania of Jordan. Movie stars, professional sports teams, and the creators of children's television programs and books also have joined the movement.

The group's public campaign lists ten ways to improve the lives of young people. These include educating children, protecting them from war and fighting the disease AIDS. UNICEF officials say the goal of the movement is for people around the world to get involved, take action and work for change. They say that for every child who comes into the world, the hopes and dreams of the human race are reborn.

Task 10

The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization says hunger kills millions of people each year — especially children . The UN organization says millions more people will die unless more money is invested to fight against hunger.

This is based on the result of a new UN study called “The State of Food Insecurity in the World, 2002”. It found that more than nine million people die each year from hunger. Six million of them are children younger than age five. Researchers also found that the number of starving people is growing in some parts of the world.

The report says that about eight hundred and forty million people around the world are getting enough food to eat. Ninety-five percent of these people are in developing countries.

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