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小六英语 (5. 语法专项之--名词)

学科教师辅导教案

学员编号：年级：课时数：3

学员姓名：YYY辅导科目：英语学科教师：XX

课题名词用法专项训练

教学目标通过小学阶段需掌握的名词的复习与训练，掌握常用考点并能灵活运用。

教学内容

学习目标

1. 了解名词的意义：表示人与物的词叫名词，如：girl，baby，zebra，moon，pen。

2. 分辨专有名词，掌握专有名词的书写特点：人名、地名、国名、单位名称等为专有名词，书写时主要单词的首字母

要大写，如：Ben，Shanghai，China，Garden Primary School。

3. 了解不可数名词的意义和用法：大部分物质类的名词为不可数名词，如：water，bread，wood等，不可数名词没有

单复数变化，所以须借助介词词组表示量，如：seven cups of water.

4. 掌握名词的复数变化：词尾力口s，女口：book-books。在以s，sh，ch，x等结尾的词后加es，如：bus-buses，peach-peaches，

box- boxes。以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i再加es，如：baby-babies。以{或fe结尾的词，去f或fe再加ves，如：leaf-leaves，knife-knives。单复数同形，如：a sheep-two sheep。不规则的变化，如：man-men，tooth- teeth child-children。

5. 掌握名词所有格的用法：名词所有格表示“……的”，单数名词（包括复数名词词尾没有s的）词尾加“’s”；结尾

是s的复数名词加“”’即可。若名词表示无生命的事物，用of表示所有关系，如：a picture of our school。

难点突破

与中文名词不同，英语可数名词有单复数变化，而且在句子里必须与相应的动词和其他能体现数量的词保持一致，如：There is a book on the shelf. There are some books on the shelf.反过来说，有时我们能从动词和其他词上来判断名词的单复数。如：I saw some sheep there．（复数）I saw a sheep there.（单数）There is a duck on the river. （单数）There are ducks on the river.（复数）

*名词复数的构成法则

1. 一般情况下在词尾加 s. 词尾读音

shop --- shops (商店) 在清辅音后读[ s ]

bag --- bags (书包) 在浊辅音后读[ z ]

window --- windows (窗户) 在元音后读[ z ]

2. 以s, x, sh, ch 结尾的单词在词尾加es。

class --- classes (班级) 词尾读音[ iz ]

box --- boxes (盒子)

match --- matches (比赛)

brush --- brushes (刷子)

3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i 加es.

story --- stories (故事) 词尾读音[ iz ]

4. 以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，在词尾直接加s

key --- keys 词尾读音[ z ]

monkey --- monkeys

5.以“o”结尾的名词，复数一般在词尾加“s”, 但个别加“es”

tomato --- tomatoes (西红柿) 词尾读音[ z ]

potato --- potatoes (土豆)

zoo --- zoos (动物园)

photo --- photos (照片)

*（以“o”结尾，复数加“es”）口诀：

黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)，左手拿着西红柿(tomato)，右手拿着破土豆(potato)，

头顶一个大芒果（mango）。

6. 以f或fe 结尾的词，多数变f或fe 为ves.

leaf --- leaves (树叶) 词尾读音[ vz ]

knife --- knives ( 小刀)

*（以f或fe结尾的单词，需把f或fe 变ves的单词）口诀：

妻子（wife）持刀（knife）去宰狼（wolf），小偷（thief）吓得发了慌，躲在架下（shelf）保己命，半(half)片树叶（leaf）遮目光。

*（以f或fe结尾的单词，直接加“s”的单词）口诀：

长颈鹿(giraffe)站在屋檐(roof)下，左手拿着手绢(handkerchief)，右手拿着高尔夫球(golf)。

例：roof --- roofs ( 屋顶)

7. 不规则名词复数的变化

man --- men (男人) tooth ---teeth (牙齿)

child --- children (儿童) mouse --- mice(老鼠)

foot --- feet (脚) woman --- women (女人)

8. 名词单复数形式一样

sheep --- sheep (绵羊) deer --- deer （鹿）

English --- English（英国人）Chinese --- Chinese （中国人）

*（不规则名词变复数）口诀：

男人，女人a变e；

鹅，足，牙齿oo变ee；

其实老鼠也好记ous变ic；

孩子加上ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用记。

二、名词所有格的构成法

1. 主要是在词尾加’ s 构成。如:

This is Tom’s desk . 这是汤姆的书桌。

That is Mike’s book. 那是迈克的书。

2. 如果原名词已经有复数词尾s ,则仅加一个’ . 如:

the teachers’ reading room 教师阅览室

the pupils’ pencil-boxes 学生们的文具盒

3. 如果原词是复数形式，但不是以s 结尾，变为所有格形式需在后面加上’ s 。如：

the children’s palace 少年宫

men’s room 男厕所

*名词所有格口诀：

名词所有格，s前面加一撇’，复数s放在尾，后加一撇就完结，两人共有算一个，后面只加一个撇。

自我测评

Part 1

1. 读出下列各组中的名词

(1)run red rug right

(2)Peter put poor panda

(3)child China chick cold

(4)four foot fall fat

(5)tell teacher tea tadpole

(6)about apple above answer

Keys: (1) rug (2) Peter panda (3) child China chick (4)foot (5) teacher tea tadpole (6) apple

2. 读出下列单词中的不可数名词

melon bread coffee mouse knife butter

bike milk slide paper flour radio

jacket ink juice office sheep jam

Keys:bread coffee butter milk paper flour ink juice jam

3. 为听到的单词圈出同类词

(1)chair balloon tiger giant

(2)ruler desk sandwich skirt

(3)puppet autumn bank diary

(4)storm shadow soup strawberry

(5)goose recorder root tower

(6)tram rope camera crayon

(7)lamp lemon egg Coke

(8)carrot salt sugar sausage

Keys:(1) tiger (2) desk (3) bank (4) strawberry (5) recorder (6) tram (7) Coke (8) carrot

4. 根据听到的内容填空

(1) Is your big brother?

(2) Look at those people. They are _________________ .

(3) There are seven ________________ on the desk.

(4) The office is on the fourth floor.

(5) How many ________________ have you got?

(6) Do you want to go to Li _________________ ?

Keys: (I) Eddie (2) firemen (3) boxes (4) teachers' (5) watches (6) River

5. 用正确格式书写下列句子

(1) THIS IS WILLIAM SMITH HE IS FROM LONDON

(2) i study in garden school i am in class three grade two

Keys: (1) This is William Smith. He is from London.

(2) I study in Garden School. I am in Class Three, Grade Two.

6. 将下列中文译成英文

(1) 一碗米饭

(2) 三个图书馆

(3) 两杯咖啡 ________________________________________

(4) 五张纸 ________________________________________

(5) 一张中国地图 ________________________________________

(6) 我爸爸的衬衫 ________________________________________

Keys: (1) a bowl of rice (2) three libraries

(3) two cups of coffee (4) five pieces of paper

(5) a map of China (6) my father's shirt

7. 根据上下文填入所缺单词

(1) May I have some _________________ ? I'm very thirsty.

(2) The zoo-keeper feeds these tigers 10 kilos of __________________ e very day.

(3) What's your favourite food? I like __________________ .

(4) There is a plate, two spoons and some __________________ on the table.

(5) I've got many toys in this big box. Look, there are some ________________ , and .

(6) I want to make a cake. I need some _________________ , and .

Keys: 略。

8. 用所给动词的适当形式填空

（1）Be quiet! The (babies) is sleeping.

（2）Ben washes his face and brush his ________________ (tooth) at 6:30 every morning.

（3）Taste these ________________ (sandwich). They are very nice.

（4）How many _______________ (leaf) has this plant got?

（5）Where are my ______________ (glass)? Are they on the desk?

（6）There are some _______________ (tomato) in her basket.

（7）How many _______________ (child) are there in your school?

（8）Is this (women) a nurse?

Keys:(1) baby (2) teeth (3) sandwiches (4) leaves

(5) glasses (6) tomatoes (7) children (8) woman

趣味阅读

Who is the best child?

Mother Magpie(喜鹊), Mother Oriole(黄莺) and Mother Crow (乌鸦)are sitting on the branches. They are all old. They can't fly.

Magpie says, "My daughter is the prettiest bird in the forest. She has black and white feather."

Oriole says, "My daughter has a nice voice. She sings wonderfully. "

Crow listens and smiles. She says nothing.

In the evening, their daughters come back. Little Magpie is full now. She plays under the tree. Little Oriole is full, too. She sings at the top of the tree. They don't bring any food to their mothers. Little Crow brings a big worm to her mother. Mother Crow hugs her daughter and says, "You are the best child!"

判断下列句子是否与短文内容一致，用“T”或“F”表示

（）（1）Little Magpie looks pretty.

（）（2）Little Oriole can't sing very well.

（）(3 ) Mother Crow isn't too old. She can find food by herself.

（）(4 ) Little Crow is the best daughter because she brings food to her mum.

Keys: 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T

Part 2

I. Look and write.

1.Places: Shanghai Nanjing the Great Wall Ocean Park

2.Toys; _________ __________ __________

3.Fruits: _________ _________ __________ _________

4.Furniture: _________ _________ __________ _________

5.Insects: _________ _________ __________ __________

6.Festivals: _________ _________ _________ __________

Keys:

1. Toys: robot, skateboard, puzzle, model car

2. Fruits: lemon, apple, strawberry, lime

3. Furniture: bed, lamp, sofa, cupboard

4. Insects: bee, fly, butterfly, ladybird

5. Festivals: The Spring Festival, Children's Day, the Mid-Autumn Festival, Women's Day

Ⅱ. Look and write.(写出下列单词的复数形式，不可数名词用“/”表示)

1.rice _________

2. people __________

3. fox __________

4. zoo _________

5. foot _________

6. scarf __________

7. shoe _________ 8. juice _________ 9. cabbage ________

10. jam _________ 11. he _________ 12. child __________

13. fly _________ 14. lady __________ 15. knife __________

16. this _________ 17. roof _________ 18. nest __________

Keys: 1. / 2. people 3. foxes 4. zoos 5. feet 6. scarves/scarfs 7. shoes 8. /

9. / 10. / 11. they 12. children 13. flies 14. ladies 15. knives 16. these

17. roofs 18. nests

III. Choose the best answer.

( ) 1.__________ fall and fall in autumn.

A. The leaf

B. The leafs

C. The leaves

( ) 2. How much __________ is there on the table?

A. bread

B. sheep

C. apple

( ) 3. __________ is on September 10th.

A. Teacher's Day

B. Teachers' Day

C. Christmas Day

( ) 4. He is hungry. Give him _________ to eat.

A. two breads

B. two pieces of bread

C. two pieces of breads

( ) 5. This shop sells apples, bananas and things like these. It's a ___________ .

A. food shop

B. fruit shop

C. vegetable shop

( ) 6. There are __________ trees in the park.

A. two hundred

B. two hundreds

C. two hundreds of

( ) 7. __________ is big and clean.

A. May's and Kittty's rooms

B. May and Kitty's room

C. May's and Kittty's room

( ) 8. Shanghai is in the of China.

A. east

B. west

C. south

Keys: 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. A

IV. Fill in the blanks.

1.It's time for the new term. I need, , , and __________ .

2.There are three people in my family. They are my ____________ , my ____________ a nd ____________ .

3.There are seven days in a week. They're Sunday, , __________ , _________ , _________ ,

And Saturday.

4. My mother wants to make a cake. She wants ____________ , ___________ and ___________ .

5. There is a playground, a ____________ , a ___________ , a ___________ and some classrooms in our school. Keys:1. a bag, a uniform, some pencils, some books

2. father, mother, I

3. Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday

4. some flour, some milk, some eggs

5. library, reading room, music room

V. Look and write.

1.I like ___________ (butterfly).

2.How many ___________ (week) are there in a year?

3.There is ___________ (many) paper on the chair.

4.Min and Mog are washing their ___________ (face).

5.We can play games on ___________ (child) Day.

6.Do you like ___________ (wolf)?

7.There are some __________ (woman) near the river.

8.I brush my ___________ (tooth) in the morning.

Keys:1. butterflies 2. weeks 3. much 4. faces 5. Children's 6. wolves 7. women 8. teeth

听力原文

(1) giraffe elephant monkey (2) sofa shelf bed

(3) library hall hotel (4) plum cherry pear

(5) drum violin piano (6) underground van bus

(7) milk coffee tea (8) potato cabbage tomato

(1)Is Eddie your big brother?

(2)Look at those people. They are firemen.

(3)There are seven boxes on the desk.

(4) The teachers' office is on the fourth floor.

(5)How many watches have you got?

(6)Do you want to go to Li River?

初中英语语法大全——名词

初中英语语法大全——名词一、名词概述 1.名词的定义名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分；有其所有格形式；在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词，而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。

二、名词的数名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词；不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数在英语中，可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词，不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念，不能用具体的数字来表示，视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物，因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰，一般也视为不可数名词。

eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:

英语语法之名词所有格

名词所有格说明所属问题，表示某物归谁所有，共三种形式： ①-’s所有格 ②of 所有格 ③双重所有格（-’s + of 所有格共同存在） -’s所有格 -’s所有格的构成 ①一般单数名词和不以s 结尾的复数名词，以及复合词，在词尾+ ’s Eg: Amy’s book a women’s hospital 一家妇科医院 his father-in-law’s birthday ②以s结尾的复数名词，在词尾直接+ ’ Eg: my friend’s balls teacher s’ office ③以s结尾的单数名词或专有名词，可+’s 或’ Eg: the boss’s/ boss’ coffee charles’s/charles’ choice -’s所有格的用法 ①表示有生命的人或动物、时间、节日等名词的所有关系 Eg: my father’s tea live a dog’s life two day s’ absence April Fool’s day ②名词有同位语时，所有格用于同位语上 Eg: This is his friend, Tom’s storybook. ③由and连接的两个或多个名词，表示共同拥有，最后一词用所有格；表示各自拥有时，每个名词都用所有格。 Eg: Tom and Jerry’s house 汤姆和杰瑞的房子 Tom’s and Jerry’s houses 汤姆和杰瑞各自的房子

of 所有格的构成及用法 of + 名词，表示无生命事物的名词或有较多修饰语的名词的所有关系。 Eg：the top of the mountain the advice of the old experienced man 注意-’s所有格和of 所有格有时都可以使用 Eg: China’s economy = the economy of China today’s weather = the weather of today his father’s death = the death of his father (表示某人的遭遇时，更常用of的所有格) 双重所有格双重所有格的构成 of + 名词的-’s所有格/名词性物主代词。双重所有格的用法： ①表示特定人的不特定的所有关系。 Eg: a novel of Dicken’s 狄更斯(特定人)的一本小说（不特定关系） a book of mine 我(特定人)的一本书（不特定关系） ②表达特殊的情感有时双重所有格与指示代词连用时，常带有赞许，厌恶，不满的感情的色彩。 Eg：That old watch of my father’s gains a lot every day. 我父亲的那块旧表每天都会快很多。注意： A friend of my father 我父亲的朋友（强调朋友关系） A friend of my father’s 我父亲的一个朋友（强调许多朋友中的一个） A photo of my brother 我哥（本人）的一张照片 A photo of my brother’s 我哥（拥有）的一张照片

(完整版)初中英语语法专项代词练习及答案

初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词（1）按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ （2）选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3.（He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7.（I/ My）am Ben. 8.（She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank（your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）? （3）用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. （4）填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊？是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。

初中英语语法知识—名词的专项训练答案(5)

一、选择题 1．She ______ her______every evening at home. A．does；homework B．does；homeworks C．do；homework D．do；homeworks 2．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 3．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 4．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China. A．the biggest city; any B．the biggest cities; any C．the biggest cities; any other D．the biggest cities; the other 5．There________some water in the bottle. A．is B．am C．are D．be 6．These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A．Jerry’s and Jenny’s B．Jerry and Jenny’s C．Jerry’s sand Jenny 7．Here_______some of the results. Most students think_______are cheaper than cars. A．is; the bike B．are; bikes C．are; the bike D．is; bikes 8．Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are! A．is having B．are having C．have D．has 9．—It’s convenie nt(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car? —Yes. It’s said that_________is enough. A．two hours drive B．two-hours drive C．two hour’s drive D．two hours’ drive 10．— How much are the __________? — Eight yuan a kilo. A．broccoli B．potatoes C．beef D．bread 11．It's about ten __________ walk from here. A．minutes' B．minute's C．minutes D．minute of 12．Alan usually goes to Harbin in .He likes playing with snow. A．May B．July C．September D．November 13．________ your reading speed, or you can’t finish th e English reading materials in ________ limited time. A．Increase; 100 minutes’B．To increase; a 100-minute C．Increasing; 100-minutes’14．When National Day comes, we have a ____ holiday. A．seven-day B．seven-days C．seven days

初中英语语法备考专题01 名词(专项练习)(解析版)

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