辽宁英语专升本复习材料.doc

主谓一致

Not only ......... 9 but also

Not only the manager but also the wokers object to the plan.

名词复数加S

动词复数不加S

动词单三才加S/ES等

倒装

否定词放在句首，句子进行部分倒装，即

助动词提前

Not only did he attend the English class, but also he attended the computer class?Either ........ o r........

Neither ....... nor ........

1. Neither I nor he has been to the Great Wall of China.

2? Either you |n person or your

representative attends the meeting.

※当主语后面由as well as等引导的词组

时，这些词组包括：rather than（而不是），witlvtogether with^ along in addition to （除了）

Man, with the lower forms of life，(be) ___ the product of the evolution?

练习

1? neither the clerks nor the manager (know) _______ a nything about the accident now.

2? Dr. Richard, together with his wife and three children, (be) _______ to arrive in Beijing this afternoon.

3? both of the twin brothers (be) _______ capable of doing technical work at present.

4. each of the children ________ (be) quite

capable of looking after the baby?谚语：

Each coin has two sides.

虚拟语气:

If 过去时,would do

If 过去完成时，would have done

If there were no air, we should not live on earth.

If it had not been for your help, he would not have succeed.

?省略IF的虚拟语气

If可以省略，将had, were或should提前。其中，should提前的情况很少。

例如：

Were he to leave today, he would get there ?混合时态的虚拟语气

If you had followed my advice(in the past), you would be leading a happy life(now).

? With, without, but for, under 引导的虚

拟语气

1?But for the common ground, they wouldn^t have reached the agreement so easily ?

2. without the storm, they should have arrived much earlier.

3?under such circumstances, I would probably have done the same?

? But引导的虚拟语气

I gughtt^ have bought a gift for you, but I was too busy to do that.

?宾语从句中的虚拟语气

引导词有: ask, advis? argue, arrange,

determine, decide, command? insist, intend, move，prefer, DroDOse, order, recommend, reauest, reauire, suggest, urge, demand, desire, direct 等等。

谓语动词用should+V原形‘should可以省略。

例如：

1. He demanded that he _______ (give) the

right to express his opinion.

2? the committee members propose that the plan ______ (be)postponed for a few days ?

3? Jack?s father suggested that Jack _____ in London for a few more days?

A? would stay B. stay

C. had stayed

D. stayed

?主语从句中的虚拟语气

引导词：advisable, appropriate, best, better,

crucial, desirable, essential, imperative, imDortant. insistent, keen, natural, necessarv, possible, preferable, probable, ridiculous, strange, urgent, vital 等。

谓语动词用should+V原形‘should可

以省略。

It isjmportan| that we (should)leamZstudv English hard?

(That we learn/study English hard) is important.

(What he said) was important.

例如：

1?it is desired that we (should) preview our lesson before class>

?表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气弓丨导词：resolutioiu pray, decision, motion,

su圧丢estion, preference, proposaL advice. recommendationq desire, demand, Feauirement, order, necessitv, reauest. idea 例如：

1? The manager gave orders that the new employees (should) attend a special night class?

翻译成……的，下面是定语从句

I like the girl (who is in red.)

?Wish, would rather/would sooner, might as well, would prefer, if only

从句中有现在的时间状语，或者没有时间状语，或者有将来的时间状语，一般从句的谓语动词用过去时；从句中有过

去的时间状语，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。

现在时间状语

没有时间状语

将来时间状语

从句谓语动词

过去时

过去的时间状语 从句谓语动词 过去完成时

1. I ，d rather (that) you didn ，t take those important papers with you. 2?

I ，d rather (that) you hadift taken that exam yesterday. 3?

I wish Mary could go swimming with us tomorrow ? 4?

He wishes that he had studied English in high school. 5?

I wish it were true.

6. if only I had read the books on the reading list before I attended the lecture ?

与only if（只有）的区别：

例如：

Only if you have worked hard at English can you learn it well.

Only in this way can we create a harmonious and prosperous society.

?It is （high/ about） time .... 从句谓语

动词用过去时

例如：

It is high time that they were off.

?In case （以防）/ lest （以免）/ for fear

that （唯恐）从句接should +V原形

例如：

1. the little girl wrapped herself up for fear

that she should catch cold.

2? she is working hard lest she should fail

to pass the exam?

3.he took his raincoat with him in case it

should rain.

练习

1.If the doctor had been available, the child __ ?

A.Would not die

B? Would not have died

C. Could not die

D? Should not have died

2.it is necessary that this machine tool ___

every day?

A.must be oiled

B? be oiled

C? is oiled

D? is to be oiled

3? I，d rather you _ s o much money with you.

A.didn9t take

B? don，t take

C? not to take D? haven^t take

4.your suggestion that she ____ till next

week is reasonable?

A.will wait

B? shall wait

C.wait

D.waits

5? he asked him to take a map with him，lest he __ himself in the forest.

A.lost

B.would lose

C.should lose

D? loses

6? if you had got there a bit earlier, you __ got a better seat.

A. may

B? had to

C. should

D? might have

7? the roommate waked me up and said, "it，s high time we _ ”

A. get up

B? got up

C? had got up

D? will get up

8. ifs not advisable that Tim _______ to the

job, because he has no relative

experience ?

A.has been assigned

B.will be assigned

C? be assigned

D? is assigned

9? _ here before I leave tomorrow, we should enjoy ourselves at the party?

A.Had they arrived

B.Would they arrive

C? Were they to arrive

D? Were they arriving

10.1 wish I ___ to the movie with you last

night.

A.went

B.could go

C? can have gone D? had gone

11.experiments demand that accurate

measurements ___ ?

A. be made

B? is made

C? were to made

D? should make

12.ifs imperative that the students _______

writing their papers before July 1"?A. finish B? mist fnish

C.are to finish

D. will finish

13.Mike，s uncle insists _ in this hotel.

A? laying rot B? rot to iay

C.that he would not stay

D? that he not stay

14.“you finally made it, didift you?” "yes，__ y our help, I would not have succee ded.”

A. but that

B. but for

C.hit f

D. thanks to

倒装

So（肯定）,neither （否定）,nor （否定）

例如：

He takes an active part in social work and so does every one of us.

Every one of us takes an active part in social work

Wood can't conduct electricity? nor can glass ?

He didn't 父o to the library yey/mZa* neither did she.

注意：

So有时只是对前一个人观点表示肯定时，不用倒装。

例如：

Smith wants to complete the important task. So he does?

让步状语从句中的倒装

和though引导

例如：

Young as he is，he knows a lot about everything around him?

Child though he is，he is an expert in computer.

Only引导的倒装

例如：

Only in this way can we learn English well quickly ?

否定词引起的倒装：

Never, seldom, rarely, little, scarcely, hardly, nowhere, not until 等

否定短语引起的倒装：

In no case, by no means，at no time，under no circumstances, on no account/ consideratio n?

否定关联的短语：

Hardly/ scarcely/ barely ......... w hen

No sooner ....... than .......

到达山顶，坐

过去完成时，过去时

Not only ........ , but also ............

例如：

No sooner had we reached the top of the hill than we all sat down to have a rest.

Never have I heard of such a silly thing.

At no time and under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear weapons. Not only does she have a first class brain, but she is also a very hard worker.

（教材上例句错误）

Not only has she had（现在完成时，正常应该是：she has had） a first class brain, but she is also a very hard worker.

Not only had she had（过去完成时，正常应该是：she had had ）a first class brain, but she was also a very hard worker.

the more ........ ，the more ...... 句型

例如：

The harder you study, the better results you can get.

You study harder, you can get better results ? g

The more harder you study, the more better

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阅读（一） During the rest of sleep, the fatigue (疲劳) of the body disappears and recuperation (复原) begins. The tired mind gathers new energy; The memory improves; and annoyance and problems are seen correctly. Some adults require little sleep , others need eight to ten hours in every twenty-for. Infants sleep sixteen to eighteen hours daily, the amount gradually decreasing as they grow older. Young students may need twelve hours; university students may need ten. A worker with a physically demanding job may also need ten , whereas an executive working under great pressure may manage on six to eight. Many famous people are well known to have required little sleep . Napoleon Bonaparte, Thomas Edison , and Charles Darwin apparently averaged only four to six hours a night. Whatever your individual need , you can be sure that by the age of thirty you will have slept for a total of more than twelve years. By that age you will also have developed a sleep routine : a favorite hour, a favorite bed .a favorite posture (姿势)，and a formula you need to follow in order to rest comfortably. Investigators have tried to find out how long a person can go without sleep. Several people have reached more than 115 hours-nearly days. Whatever the limit, it is absolute Animals kept awake for from five to eight days have died of exhaustion. The limit for human beings is probably about a week. 1.It is implied in the passage that__. A. a light sleep is as refreshing as a deep one B. sleep is important for good mental and physical health C. memory is greatly improved during sleep D. famous people need less sleep that ordinary people 2.It can be concluded from the passage that the amount of sleep required___, A. depends on the bed one sleeps in B. varies greatly from one individual to another C. can be predicted from the type of job one has D. is closely related to the amount of pressure one suffers 3.The word ―formula‖ (line 3, paragraph 3) most probably means___ A. a prescription B. a mathematical rule C. a fixed method or approach D. an expression of the elements of a compound 4.A person should __ in order to sleep well. A. follow his sleep routine B. go to bed early C. sleep as much as he can D. do a physically demanding job 5.The longest time a human being can survive without sleep is probably. A. five days B. seven days C. ten days D. twelve days 阅读（二） As prices and building costs keep rising , the “do-it-yourself ”(DIY) trend (趋势) in the U.S

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