2015年职称英语综合类变动文章(C级)

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第六篇Native American Pottery

There are several American Indian groups in the Southwest that still make beautiful pottery.Someof this pottery may be sold at fairly high prices.But the makers consider their work as more than a commercial enterprise.By using methods handed downfor generations,the potters express their pride in their cultural inheritance. Some of the most interesting pottery is made by the Pueblo Indians.There are21 individual pueblos in Arizona and New Mexico.Several are famous for their craftsmanship.To make a pot,these potters use a clay base and add long thin coils of clay toit in a spiral pattern.When they have reached the size they want,they use an implement such as a rock or shell to smooth the surfaces of the pot. How a pot is decorated and fired depends on the traditions of the group making it. Traditional pottery produced by the Acoma,who have lived for centuries on a high mesa in NewMexico,is first painted with a clay slip.The resulting pots:which are prizedfor their delicacy and strength,may be left white.They may also be painted with black and white patterns or with a combination of black,orange,and brown. Very distinctive black pottery comes from the San Ildefonso and Santa Clara pueblos. The black coloris the result of carbon being released from the animal manure in which the potis fired.Some artisans hand–rub this ware to a shiny gloss.Others cut patterns into it:resulting in a part shiny:part fiat surface.Potters at SailIldefonso make many types of wares.Potters at Santa Clara are especially known for wedding jars-jars with two necks connected by a handle.

Other groups such as the Hopi and the Cochiti also make pottery.Each group uses distinctive methods and produces distinctive forms and designs.

词汇：

pottery n.陶器

distinctive adj.特别的，有特色的

enterprise n.事业，产业，实业

inheritance n.遗产

manure n.肥料，粪肥

craftsmanship n.手艺

artisan n.精美，精致

注释：

1....handed down for generations………世代相传……

2.…hand-rub this ware to a shiny gloss………亲手揉搓罐子表面，使它光泽平滑……练习：

1.In the first paragraph the word“commercial”means_________.

A.having to do with advertising products on TV

B.having to do with advertising products on TV

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/384241471.html,rge-scale

D.artistic

2.The second paragraph in the passage is developed mainly through_________.

A.steps in a process

B.description of objects

C.the telling of a story

D.examples

3.The Sail Ildefonso pueblo is known for_________.

A.black pottery

B.wedding jars

C.thin and delicate shapes

D.black,brown,and orange pots

4.Traditional methods of making pottery_________.

A.are rarely used anymore

B.take a lot of time

C.are not of interest to pottery collectors

D.will soon be complete replaced

5.Another good title for this passage would be_________.

A.How to Make a Pot

B.Living on a High Mesa

C.The Indians of Arizona and New Mexico

D.An Old Art Still Practiced

答案与题解：

1.B前文提到一些陶器会以高价卖出，可以推测commercial在这里的意思是买卖交易。所以，答案是选项B。

2.A第二段主要讲制作一个罐子的步骤，不是在对罐子的形态进行描述，也没有讲具体的例子或者故事。所以，答案是选项A。

3.A第四段第一句话提到具有特色的黑色陶器是有圣伊尔德丰索部落的普韦布洛人制作的，最后一句提到圣克拉拉部落的陶器尤其以他的婚礼罐子闻名，选项C、D与题干无关，所以答案是选项A。

4.B根据文中制作的陶器的过程可以推测出制作陶器的过程很复杂因而费时，选项A、C、D文中均有提及，故可排除。

5.D本文主要介绍了美国本土一些印第安部落的陶器特点及制作过程。选项A过于片面，选项B、C与文章主旨无关，因此答案是选项D。

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Real World Robots When you think of a robot, do you envision a shiny, metallic devi ce having the same general shape as a human being, performin g humanlike functions, and responding to your questions i n a monotone voice accentuated by high-pitched tones and beeps? This is the way many of us imagine a robot, bu t in the real world, a robot is not humanoid at all. Instead a r obot often is a voiceless, box-shaped machine that efficien tly carries out repetitive or dangerous functions usually performed by huma ns. T o d a y’ s robot is more than an automatic machine that performs one t ask again and again. A modern robot is programmed with varyin g degrees of artificial intelligence— that is, a robot contains a computer program that tell s it how to perform tasks associated with human intelligence, such as reasoning,drawing conclusions, and learning from past experience. A robot does not posses s a human shape for the simple reason that a two-legged robot has great difficulty remaining balanced. A robot does, however, move from place to place on wheels and axles that roll and rotate. A

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第1部分：词汇选项（第1?15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class. A. control B. observe C. regulate D. accept 2.She showed a natural aptitude for the work. A. sense B. talent C. flavor D. taste 3. Most people find rejection hard to accept. A. excuse B. client C. refusal D. destiny 4. The organization was bold enough to face the press. A. pleased B. powerful C. brave D. sensible 5.They were locked in mortal combat. A. deadly B. open C. actual D. active 6. We were attracted by the lure of quick money. A. amount B. supply C. tempt D. sum 7. The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent. A. clear B. necessary C. special D. correct 8. The Stock Exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling. A. service B. danger C. disorder D. threat 9. He believes that Europe must change or it will perish. A. survive B. last C. die D. move 10.There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building. A. fair B. full C. coexisting D. public 11. They promote assimilation of ethnic groups into the main-stream culture. A. policy B. value C. equality D. integration 12. A salesman?s cardinal rule is to satisfy customers. A. principal B. official C. simple D. legal 13. I must compliment you on your handling of a very difficult situation. A. silence B. praise C. assure D. complain 14. We lived for years in a perpetual state of fear. A. emotional B. nervous C. terrible D. continuous 15.The starving children were a pathetic sight. A. common B. unexpected C. unforgettable D. pitiful 第2部分：阅读判断（第16?22题，每题1分，共7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 Cities “Worse to Live in Than 20 Years Ago One thousand people were surveyed about a range of issues which affect cities, and the remarkable findings show that life in today?s mega-cities is so stressful that at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town. The stress of the getting from A to B in big cities is at the top of the list of problems. For many people, the daily commute (通勤）to work is a source of frustration. 40% of the people in the survey have suffered from road rage while stuck in traffic on the way to work. The cost of public