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新编跨文化交际英语教程测试题(五)

跨文化交际测试题（五）

I. Multiple Choice (20 points, 2 points each)

Directions: There aresome statements in this section. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C and D, choose the ONE that best completes the statement.

1. Direct plan is favored by ____cultures with deductive patterns.

A. results-oriented

B. relationship-oriented

C. mission-oriented

D. process-oriented

2. While writing business messages, ______is usually the first step.

A. prediction

B. selection

C. analysis

D. planning

3. While the highest goal of communication in the Eastern Culture is to achieve ___, the highest goal of communication in the West is to achieve the practical cooperation from others.

A. propriety

B. further relationship

C. practical purpose

D. definite result

4. _____ is the study of communications sent by the eyes.

A. Oculesics

B. Haptics

C. Kinesics

D. Chromatics

5. _____ is behaviors such as gestures, body movements, facial expressions, and eye contact.

A. Chromatics

B. Olfactics

C. Haptics

D. Kinesics

6. __________ is interaction that is perceived as effective in fulfilling certain rewarding objectives in a way that is also appropriate to the context in which the interaction occurs.

A. Intercultural competence

B. Competent communication

C. Social competence

D. Communication competence

7. Which of the following statements about intercultural communication is not true?

A. It is communication between people of different cultures.

B. We need understanding and acceptance in intercultural communication.

C. During the process of interc ultural communication, one should turn one’s back on one’s own culture.

D. We should develop tolerance and acceptance in intercultural communication.

8. _____, although also part of the dominant culture, are groups with which the dominant culture does not agree with and with which it has communication problems.

A. World cultures

B. Subgroups

C. Microcultures

D. Co-cultures

9. _____ is the socialization process you go through to adapt to your society.

A. Deculturation

B. Acculturation

C. Assimilation

D. Enculturation

10. _____ is the degree to which an individual relinquishes an original culture for another. And the result is that people lose their previous culture.

A. Enculturation

B. Assimilation

C. Dissimilation

D. Intracultural communication

II. Terms (15 points, 3 points each)

Directions: There arefive terms in this section. Try to explain the following terms in your own words. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.

11. Kinesics

12. Etiquette

13. Intercultural Communication Competence

14. Culture Diversity

15. Modernization

III. Case Analysis (20 points, 5 points each)

Directions: In this section you are supposed to analyze the following cases from the perspective of intercultural communication. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.

16. When Brandon Hunt was sent to Mexico to oversee a production facility for his company, he became concerned over what he perceived to be a lack of seriousness about work on the part of Mexican worker. Employees were frequently late for work, left early, or did not come at all. When questioned, employees explained that they had to help members of their families with their problems.

17. When Disney opened its $4.4 billion Euro Disneyland outside Paris, concerns over the park’s impact on French culture were expressed. To begin with, the French dedicate Sundays to family outings only .In addition, they are unaccustomed to snacking and eating promptly at 12:30, which creates bottlenecks at parks and restaurants. Disney learned that French employees objected to providing the friendly greetings and smiles expected of all amusement park workers. They then hired multilingual employees from across Europe since their goal was to attract people from all countries of Europe. A complaint of European investor was that rigid U.S. management style did not take into account the values and customs of the people it intended to attract. For example, Europeans often bring their own lunches and do not spend money at the park’s gourmet restaurants and hotels. The park initially lost money after it opened in 1992.

18. An English speaker pronounces the word thrill as one syllable. In Japanese, consonant sounds do not exist without vowels, so a Japanese speaker would pronounce all three syllables, something like sooriroo. The Japanese r, by the way, is difficult for English speakers. It is similar to the Spanish r in pero or Roberto.

19. In 1989, California made it a misdemeanor for any person to sell, buy, or accept any animal traditionally kept as a pet with the intent of killing the animal for food. More recently, animal rights groups have protested the sale of live animals, such as turtles, frogs, lobsters, crabs, fish, and chicken, for food at Asian-American markets. Asian tradition is that fresh meat is tastier and more healthful, and that the best meat is “that enters your house still breathing.” Animal rights activists contend that the animals are treated inhumanely in the shops and are killed in ways that cause them unnecessary pain. Asian-American groups argue that eating dogs and cats is an extreme rarity among Southeast Asian immigrants and call the law and the animal rights activists racist.

IV. Short Answer (30 points, 5 points each)

Directions: In this section you are supposed to answer the following questions with the knowledge of intercultural communication. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.

20. What are the five stages of culture shock?

21. Can you name at least three cultures that belong to high context cultures and three that belong to low context cultures?

22. Why does writing play an important role in business communication?

23. What are categories of nonverbal communication?

24. With the increased globalization of the economy and interaction of different cultures, culture diversity has emerged. What are the disadvantages of culture diversity?

25. How do you understand the concept of “problem-solving” in multicultural context?

V. English—Chinese Translation (15 points, 3 points each)

Directions: In this section you are supposed to translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.

The fact is, they have already communicated a lot, without ever saying anything. 26. Nonverbal elements form a major part of any communication interchange. Some people would say it's the most important part. 27. According to one study, words convey only 7 percent of a person's message. 28. Intonation and voice quality communicate 38 percent, and nonverbal cues transmit a whopping 55 percent. 29. That means people pick up more from nonverbal communication than from the words a person says. 30. When studying about a foreign culture then, it just makes sense to pay attention to how people use nonverbal cues.

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Unit 1 1. 他们都认为他成功的可能性很小。 They all believed that his chances of success were slim. 2. 我不知道她为何总带有一种闷闷不乐的神情。 I don’t know why she always has an air of sadness. 3. 等到所有同学都就座后，学生会主席才开始宣布野营的日程安排。After all students were seated, the president of the students’ union proceeded to announce the camping itinerary. 4. 胃是人体至关重要的器官，请善待之。 Please take good care of our stomach which is a vital organ of our human body. 5、他认为总经理如此重视那些日常琐事是荒唐的。 He considered it absurd for the general manager to attach so much importance to those routine trifles. 6. 她的研究涉及多种语言和文化，富有挑战性。 Her study was full of challenge, which was concerned with many languages and cultures. 7. 根据安排，全体工作人员依次值晚班。 As is scheduled, all staff should take turns to do late duty. 8. 想到要远离父母独自生活，她深感不安。 She felt upset at the thought of leaving her parents and having an independent living in a remote area.

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1. After citing many facts and giving a number of statistical figures, he finally drove home his point. 在举出许多事实并列出一些统计数字后，他终于把他的论点说清楚了。 2. It took us half a year more or less to carry through the research project. 差不多花了半年功夫，我们才完成了那个研究项目。 3. What he said was so subtle that we could hardly make out his true intention. 他说的话如此微妙，我们很难理解他的真实意图。 4. his new book looks squarely at the contemporary social problems. 他的新书一针见血地审视了当代的社会问题。 prostitution. 吸毒几乎毫无例外地和盗窃，卖淫联系在一起。 6. This golf club is not open to the public; it serves exclusively VIP club members. 这个高尔夫俱乐部不对外开放，只为VIP会员服务。 7.In vying for the king's affection and favour, the imperial concubines resorted to every means possible. 为讨得皇帝的欢心，这几个皇妃无所不为。 8. He was bitten by a dog when a child, so he has been wary of dogs ever since. 他小时候被狗咬过，所以对狗一直有点戒心。

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Unit 1 恰到好处 Have you ever watched a clumsy man hammering a nail into a box? He hits it first to one side, then to another, perhaps knocking it over completely, so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skillful carpenter, on the other hand, will drive the nail with a few firm, deft blows, hitting it each time squarely on the head. So with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective （模糊的形容词）, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. He will try always to get the word that is completely right for his purpose. 你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗？只见他左敲敲，右敲敲，说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻，结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去，一钉到底。语言也是如此。一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。差不多的词，不准确的短语，摸棱两可的表达，含糊不清的修饰，都无法使一位追求纯真英语的作家满意。他会一直思考，直至找到那个能准确表达他的意思的词。 The French have an apt（贴切的） phrase for this. They speak of “le mot juste,” (the exact word) the word that is just right. Stories are told of scrupulous（一丝不苟的） writers, like Flaubert, who spent days trying to get one or two sentences exactly right. Words are many and various; they are subtle（微妙的） and delicate（细腻的） in their different shades（色调）of meaning, and it is not easy to find the ones that express precisely（正是，恰恰） what we want to say. It is not only a matter of having a good command of language and a fairly wide vocabulary; it is also necessary to think hard and to observe accurately. Choosing words is part of the process of realization, of defining our thoughts and feelings for ourselves, as well as for those who hear or read our words. Someone once remarked: “How can I know what I think till I see what I say?” this sounds stupid, but there is a great deal of truth in it. 法国人有一个很贴切的短语来表达这样一个意思，即“le mot juste”, 恰到好处的词。有很多关于精益求精的作家的名人轶事，比如福楼拜常花几天的时间力求使一两个句子在表达上准确无误。在浩瀚的词海中，词与词之间有着微妙的区别，要找到能恰如其分表达我们意思的词绝非易事。这不仅仅是扎实的语言功底和相当大的词汇量的问题，还需要人们绞尽脑汁，要观察敏锐。选词是认识过程的一个步骤，也是详细描述我们的思想感情并表达出来使自己以及听众和读者深刻理解的一个环节。有人说：“在我思想未成文之前，我怎么知道自己的想法？”这听起来似乎很离谱，但它确实很有道理。 It is hard work choosing the right words, but we shall be rewarded by the satisfaction that finding them brings. The exact use of language gives us mastery（掌握） over the material we are dealing with. Perhaps you have been asked “What sort of a man is so-and-so（某某等）?” You begin: “Oh, I think he’s quite a nice chap （家伙）but he’s rather…” and then you hesitate trying to find a word or phrase to express what it is about him that

新编英语教程5练习册答案(1-5单元)

Paraphrase Unit1.1 A writer who pay great attention to expressing the exact English will never be satisfied with a word which can not express an idea accurately. U1.2 For the reader can easily understand what kind of feelings and thoughts we want to convey, we need to be careful to choose the words we used in article. U1.3Finding the most suitable word is in no sense easy. But there is nothing like the delight and excitement we shall experience when we pick up such a word. U1.4 If we can use language accurately we are in a position to totally understand the subject matter. U2.1 The result is, the sea, the cradle of many civilizations, is seriously polluted. It is the first of the seas that has been made to