whether to pursue Ph.D

究竟要不要读博?这是一个见仁见智的问题.

首先,让我们搞清楚博士意味着什么.博士不仅是一个文凭,他更是一种经历,训练你在某一专业领域搞科研的能力.博士并不是保证高薪酬或高社会地位.

然后让我们回到要不要读博这个问题上来.我想,这归根到底是你自己适不适合读博.赌博并不适合所有人.他需要坚持不懈的毅力,强烈的求知欲,以及在枯燥艰难地探索之路上忍受寂寞的能力—而这一点是最重要的.如果你仅仅是为了找到一份更赚钱的工作，或者只是要让自己和家人更有面子，那你完全可以有比读博更好地选择。

所以，静下来问自己，我是不是真的热爱科研事业。如果是，那就读博；否则，还是另谋出路吧。

Whether to pursue Ph.D.? Each according to his own lights.

First, let's get back to what Ph.D. means. Ph.D. degree is more of a kind of experience, training you to gain the ability of making scientific research in a specific field, than of an only diploma. And it does not necessarily guarantee high salary or high social status.

Then let's go back to this problem. That, I think, it's your own business to decide whether or not to pursue Ph.D. after all is said and done. Ph.D. is not suitable for every person. It needs a unremitting persistence, a strong desire for knowledge, a capacity of putting up with the dull road of tough researching as well, which is most important. If you are only to find a more lucrative work, or just to gain your own family more honor, then you can have a better choice.

So, calm down and ask yourself, '' Do I really love scientific research career? ''. If it is ''yes'', then just go for it. Otherwise, better choose another way.

每当听到有人说，女孩子不要对自己要求太高，学历太高就嫁不出去了，我就在心里对自己说，我一定要读博。因为我从小就梦想成为一名科学家，拥有自己的实验室，研究自己开创的新领域。我喜欢苦苦思索后那种拨云见日的喜悦，我渴望聆听优秀学者的独到见解。所以，如果有人问我，你要不要去读博呢，我会毫不犹豫的回答要。

但是，选择读博也意味着选择了一种更加艰辛清苦的生活。因为这个时候，你以前的同学可能早已经成家立业，有了稳定的收入，而你却仍然只是一个学生。或许更糟糕的是还没找到自己的人生伴侣。而且，你可能不再是最优秀的人才，你必须适应这种心理落差。更要命的是你的研究课题可能很难，没有人可以帮到你，但你却必须坚持。

所以，要不要读博取决于你内心最真实的诉求，三思而后行。

Whether to pursue Ph.D.?

Whenever I heard someone say, ''Girls shouldn't demanding too much on yourselves. A talented woman will find it be hard to get married. '', I would talk to myself that I'm certain to pursue Ph.D. For I have been dreaming of being a scientist, having my own laboratory, and studying in a new scientific field.

I like the joy of discovering after hard-thinking. I am eager to listen to the unique insights of outstanding scholars. So, if I was asked, ''Whether you are going to pursue Ph.D. '', I would to answer ''Yes'' without hesitate.

But, choose this way means a harder life of poor to undertake. Because at this time, your former classmates may already have a family, a career, and a stable income, yet you're still a student. Perhaps it's worse that you haven't found your

life partner. Also, you may no longer be the best talent, and you must adapt to this psychological gap. The worst thing might come from your own research project, which can be so difficult that no one can really help you. However you do have to stick to it!

So, whether to pursue Ph.D.? The answer most probably derives from your true inner appeal. Look before you leap!

巧记whether与if异同讲课稿

巧记w h e t h e r与i f 异同

巧记whether与if异同 主从表从同位从，if不用whether用； discuss和介词后，whether引宾从； 不定式、or not后在跟，whether独能显神通； 宾从若是否定句，if发挥其功用； 避免歧义要慎重，其他情况可换用。 一、引导主语从句，常用whether． (1)Whether the meeting will be held is uncertain．会议是否召开还不能确定． (2)It is unknown whether he will come．他是否来还不知道。 3.Whether we’ll go camping depends on the weather. 二、引导表语从句常用whether (1).The question is whether he can finish the work by the end of this week． 问题是到这周末他是否能完成这个工作。 (2).What we want to know is whether he will come to speak to us． 我们想知道的是他能否来给我们讲话。 3.The question is whether it is worth doing. 三、引导同位语从句，常用whether. (1).The question whether he will come is important．他是否来这个问题很重要。 (2).The plan whether we’ll go outing tomorrow hasn’t been made．明天我们是否郊游这个计划还没订。 (3).The question whether we need it has not been decided. 四、引导宾语从句。引导及物动词的宾语从句，用whether, if皆可； 介词的宾语从句，一般只用whether引导；

九年级中考复习：whether和if区别【含答案】

whether 和if区别 whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。如： I wonder if / whether I can get some advice from you. Ask him whether / if he can come. 但在有些情况下，whether和if的用法有一定区别。 1. whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用，而if一般不能。如： 正： Let me know whether you can come or not. 误： Let me know if you can come or not. 2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导，而不能用if。如： 正：Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell. 误：If it is true or not, I can’t tell. 3. whether可以引导带to的不定式，if则不能。如： 正：I don’t know whether to accept or refuse. 误：I don’t know if to accept or refuse. 4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语，但if不能。如： 正： I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 误： I worry about if I hurt her feelings. 5. whether可以引导从句，作主语、表语或同位语，而if不能。如： 正： It was uncertain whether he would come. 误： It was uncertain if he would come. 正： His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet. 误： His first question was if Tom had arrived yet. 正： We must consider the question whether we will take these measures. 误： We must consider the question if we will take these measures. 强化练习： 1. The question has not been answered ____ Taiwan will be included on the Olympic

Whether it be 句式中的语法

Whether it be bird, fish or beast... 提问者：johnleo - Q籽一级[收藏] 悬赏沪元：20浏览1206 次 Whether it be bird, fish or beast, the porpoise is intrigued with anything that is alive. 请问这里为什么要用(should) be虚拟式，它不表示与事实相反，不表示愿望、假想和建议。它到底要用虚拟式表示什么呢？谢谢 问题补充：如果要用whether it is bird, fish or beast...和原句有什么区别？ 最佳答案 海豚对凡是活的东西都感兴趣，不管是鸟、是鱼，还是野兽。 ------------------------------- 虚拟语气用在由“whether” 引导的让步状语从句中，从句谓语用原形动词。 All engines work on this principle, whether they be large or small. 所有发动机都按这一原理工作，无论它们是大还是小。 We must finish the work before we go home, whether it be early or late. 无论时间早晚，我们必须在回家前干完工作。 All matter, whether it be gas, liquid or solid, is made up of atoms. 所有物质，不论是气体，液体，或固体，都是由原子构成。

在此句型中，可省去whether ，而将be放在主语前。例如： Be it so, we must continue to do the test. We must do our best to fulfil the task, be it ever so hard. ------------------------------------------- Whether it is bird, fish or beast , ................. . 这样的句型属于宾语从句前置。 ------------------- 比如：Whether it is true or not, I can't tell. 陈述的句子是：I can't tell whether it is true or not. -------------------- 你原句的主句是：the porpoise is intrigued with anything that is alive. 因此前面需要一个状语从句，即whether引导的让步状语从句，就要用虚拟语气。

英语中的常见六大疑问词的用法

英语中的常见六大疑问词的用法 who whose where when what how 这六个词的常见用法（指的是一般情况下的用法，除特殊外） 1.回答中有“物”，就用来提问; 2.回答中有“地方，地点”，就用where来提问 3.回答中有“方式，方法”，就用how来提问 4.回答中有“人”，就用who来提问 5.回答中有“人的所有格”，就用whose来提问 6.回答中有“时间”，就用when来提问 以上这六种里最简单的为第四个。就刚才所说六点现在举例说明如下： # 1. (What) are you going to take 2. (Where) are you from Sandwiches,milk and cakes. I am from New York. 3. (How) did you get there 4. (Who)is going to help me I got there by train . Mike. 5. (Whose) bag is this 6. (When) are you going to watch TV Mike's bag is this. At eight o'clock. 英语疑问词用法总结 句子是英语学习的核心。从句子使用的目的来分，它可分为四类1、陈述句（肯定句和否定句）2、疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和选择疑问句）3、祈使句（肯定句和否定句）4、感叹句。四大句子类型的相互转换，对于学生来讲是个难点，为此，可通过说顺口留的形式来帮助学生解决这一难题。如：将陈述句变成一般疑问句，可以变成这样的顺口留：疑问疑问调个头，把be(系动词“is are am”)放在最前头。又如：将陈述句

whether和if的用法区别

whether和if的用法区别 whether与if作“是否”讲，在用法上有相同之处，也有不同之处。 一、相同之处。 和if都能引导宾语从句，常置于see,ask,learn,tell,wonder,doubt,find out等动词之后。 如：He asked me whether/is I could help him. I want to know whether/if he lives there. 和if都可用it作形式主语从句中。如：it's uncertain whether/if he'll come this evening. 3.在be uncertain/doubtful之后，常用whether引导宾语从句，有时也可以用if，如：We are uncertain whether/if Mary will come. 二、不同之处。 可置于句首引导主语从句，而if不能。如：___the 2000 Olympic Games will be in Beijing is not known yet. 答案是C。 可用在介词之后，引导宾语从句，而If则不能。如：Success depends on whether we make evough effort. 可引导表语从句，if则不能。如：The puestion is whether it is not worth doing. 4.在名词之后引导同位语从句时，用whether而不用if。如：The question whether the students answered correctly should be decided by the teacher. 后可接不定式，而if不能。如：Please tell us whether to go or stay here. 6.在有些动词（如discuss）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。如：We discussed whether we should close the shop. 7.在引导否定概念in宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether.如：he asked me if I hadn't finished my work. 英语时态一般现在时表示现在、经常或习惯的动作或状态和普遍现象、常识或客观真理；一般过去时用于过去某一时间内发生的或过去习惯性的动作或状态；一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，将来打算做的事情；现在完成时表示过去发生的动作造成目前的结果和对现在造成的影响或表示从过去延续至今的动作、状态和习惯等；将来完成时表示将来某时之前业已完成或发生的事情；过去完成时表示过去某时间之前已经发生的动作或状况，即过去的过去。注意每一种时态与其他时态的交叉使用情况。英语共有十六种时态，其表现形式如下(以study为例)： 一般时进行时完成时完成进行时 study studies am studying is studying are studying have studied has studied have been studying has been studying studied was studying were studying had studied had been studying shall study will study shall be studying will be studying shall have studied shall have been studying will have been studying should study would study should be studying would be studying should have studied would have studied should have been studying would have been studying 但考试中出现的一般有以下几种。 第一节一般现在时 一、表示一般性或经常发生的动作或状态 二、表示习惯性动作和状态或普遍的现象或常识 三、表示客观事实、客观规律和客观真理。在宾语从句中，即使主句的谓语动词用了过去时，只要从句表示的是客观真理，从句的谓语动词也要用一般现在时 四、祈使句必须用动词原形，其否定结构用“don`t＋动词原形”，如：Go and fetch some water. ／Don`t do that. 五、在反义疑问句中，如果主句用肯定句，那么，反问句用否定形式；如果主句用否定形式，那么，反问句就用肯定形式。而且前后在时态上要一致。但祈使疑问句用won`t you进行反问。如：See a film tonight, won`t you？ 注：①祈使句后边可用附加疑问句，以加强语气。如果祈使句用肯定形式，附加疑问句用否定形式；如果祈使句用否定形式，附加句用肯定形式；如：Come here next Sunday, won`t you ／Don`t tell it to anyone, will you ②但如果祈使句的前一句有了表示强烈肯定的语言环境，即使祈使句用了肯定形式，其附加成分也可以用“will you”(表示肯定，如

特殊疑问词的用法

一．特殊疑问词的用法 1.what 表示‘什么’的意思 例：My favourite fruit is peach.（对划线部分提问） What’s your favourite fruit(你最喜欢的水果是什么) 表示‘何时’ She goes to work at 7:oo.（对划线部分提问）（她7点去上班） When does your mother go to work（你妈妈几点去上班） 3.How如何，怎样 I go to school by bike.（对划线部分提问）（我骑自行车上学） How do you go to school（你怎样去上学） 4.where哪里 He lives in Baoding.（对划线部分提问）（他住在保定） Where does he live（他住在哪里） 5.Why为什么 Why are you late（你为什么迟到了） Because my bike is broken. （因为我自行车坏了） 注意：要根据句意去选择正确的疑问词。 二．注意乐器前加the,球类前不加the 例：play the piano Play the guitar Play basketball Play football 三．注意过去式的表达 一般情况下，在动词后面加ed do的过去式did，（don’t-didn’t） 句型： I watched Tv yesterday evening.(变成否定) I didn't watch TV yesterday evening. 注意：变为否定以后，didn't已经体现出来了过去事态，所以之后的动词watch不用再用过去式watched，而用原形 同样现在时态也是一样 例：He goes to school by bike.(变成否定) He doesn’t go to school by bike. 看Unit4练习题第二题第四小题，第四题第2小题，第五题第2，3，5小题，第七题第3小题 四．tomorrow明天 Yesterday昨天today今天now现在 例句： I’m going to the park now.（现在） I watched a movie yesterday.（过去） I will go to Beijing tomorrow.(将来)

If和+whether的用法讲课教案

If和whether if不能替换whether的5种情况 1.正式文体中，句中有or not 时 2.引起主语，表语，同位语从句时 3.作介词宾语时 4.放不定式前，与不定式组成词组时 5.作discuss等词的宾语时 以上是if和whether表示"是否"之意的区别，此外，if还有加入的意思，引起条件状语从句；而whether 另有不管无论之意，引起让步状语从句 whether与if作“是否”讲，在用法上有相同之处，也有不同之处。 一、相同之处。 1.whether和if都能引导宾语从句，常置于see,ask,learn,tell,wonder,doubt,find out等动词之后。 如：He asked me whether/is I could help him. I want to know whether/if he lives there. 2.whether和if都可用it作形式主语从句中。如：it's uncertain whether/if he'll come this evening. 3.在be uncertain/doubtful之后，常用whether引导宾语从句，有时也可以用if，如：We are uncertain whether/if Mary will come. 二、不同之处。 1.whether可置于句首引导主语从句，而if不能。如：___the 2000 Olympic Games will be in Beijing is not known yet. A.whether B.If C.Whether D.That 答案是C。 2.whether可用在介词之后，引导宾语从句，而If则不能。如：Success depends on whether we make evough effort. 3.whether可引导表语从句，if则不能。如：The puestion is whether it is not worthdoing. 4.在名词之后引导同位语从句时，用whether而不用if。如：The puestion whether the students answered correctly should be decided by the teacher. 5.whether后可接不定式，而if不能。如：Please tell us whether to go or stay here. 6.在有些动词（如discuss）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。如：We discussed whether we should close the shop. 7.在引导否定概念in宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether.如：he asked me if I hadn't finished my work. whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。如： I wonder if / whether I can get some advice from you. Ask him whether / if he can come. 但在有些情况下，whether和if的用法有一定区别。 1. whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用，而if一般不能。如： 正：Let me know whether you can come or not. 误：Let me know if you can come or not. 2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导，而不能用if。如： 正：Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell. 误：If it is true or not, I can’t tell. 3. whether可以引导带to的不定式，if则不能。如： 正：I don’t know whether to accept or refuse.

特殊疑问词的用法

特殊疑问词
意思 who
用法
例句 He is LiLie He is my brother. Who is he ? Who is he ?
谁
问人的身份，姓名
等 whom
谁
问人的身份，姓名
I can ask him the question. Whom can you ask the question? He is a worker. He has a book. What is he? What does he have ?
等(问宾语） what
什么
问人的职业或事物
是什么 which
哪一个
问一定范围内特指
The big box is mine. Which box is yours? The girl at the door is Ann. This is her book. This book is hers. Which girl is Ann?
的人或物 whose
谁的
问所属关系
Whose book is this ? Whose is this book?
what color What time
什么颜色
问颜色（表语）
My skirt is red. What color is your skirt? We play games at five in the afternoon ? What time do you play games?
几点
问点时间
when
什么时候
问时间
We play games in the afternoon ? When do you play games?
where
什么地方
问地点（状语）
We play games at home on Sunday ? Where do you play games on Sunday?
why
为什么
问原因
He isn't at school today because he is ill. Why isn't he at school today ?
how
怎样
问健康状况、
He is fine/strong. I go homeby bike. He is ten.
How is he ? How do you go home?
做事的方式等 how old
多大几岁
问年龄
How old is he ?

if、 whether 用法总结

whether,if if和whether通用，都表示“是否”的意思。一般来说，后者比较正式，在口语中前者常用来代替后者。但两者有时具有不同的暗示。用whether时，正反两面的选择意义较强，问话人并不在意回答是肯定还是否定；而用if时，则比较强调单方面，即正面，问话人希望得到肯定的回答。另外，还要注意以下几点： 一、whether和if都可以与or not连用；但写在一起时，只能用whether，不能用if。如： I don't care whether (或if) it will rain or not． I don't care whether or not it will rain. (不用if) 二、在引导宾语从句时，应注意： 1、表示“是否”时，两词都能引导宾语从句。 I wonder if/whether you can examine him now． 2、宾语从句移置句首时，用whether，不用if。

Whether it is true or not，I can't say． 3、宾语从句为否定形式时，通常用if，而不用whether。 I asked Tom if Mary wouldn’t come． 4、作discuss等词的宾语，用whether不用if。 We discussed whether we should buy the gift for him． 三、在下列情况下，只能用whether，不能用if。 1、与不定式连用时，只能用whether． He can't decide whether to accept or refuse． 2、在介词后，只能用whether。 Everything depends on whether he is ready． 3、在名词后作同位语时，只能用whether。

特殊疑问词的用法总结与练习

疑问词意义用法例句 what什么用来问是什么，叫什么，做什 么等 1. What’s your name? 你叫什么名 字？2.What’s your father?你爸爸 是干什么的？3.what is in your box? 你的盒子里是什么？ What time什么时间用来问时间What time is it? 几点了？What time is it now? 现在几点了？ What colour什么颜色用来问颜色1.waht colour is your bag? 你的书包是什么颜色？2.what colour is your book?你的书本是什么颜色？ What about怎么样用来征求意见或询问感受等， 大多用于承接上面的同样问题 1.what bout this pair of shoes? 这双鞋子怎么样？2.what about you? 你呢？3.what about your dad? 你爸爸呢？ What day星期几用来问星期几1.what day is it today? 今天星期几？2. what day was yesterday? 昨 天星期几？ What date什么日期问具体的日期1．What’s the date today? 今天是几号？2. what date is tomorrow? 明天是几号？ What …for为何目的用来问目的，在一定情况下只 可以与why互换 What did you buy that for? 你为 什么要买那个？ when什么时候用来问时间1.when do you get up?你什么时候起床？2. when did you go there? 你什么时候去的那里？ where哪里用来问地点1. where is my ruler? 我的尺子在哪里？2.where are you from? 你是哪里人？3. where are you going to ? 你打算去哪里？ which哪一个用来问具体的哪一个1. which season do you like best?你最喜欢哪个季节？2.which class are you in?你在哪一个班？3.which one is my pen？哪一个是我的钢笔？ who谁用来问人物是谁1.who is that boy?那个男孩是谁？ 2. who are you going to with? 你打算和谁一起去？ 3. Who is that pretty lady?那个漂亮的女士是谁？ whose谁的用来问东西是谁的 1. whose bag is this? 这是谁的包？ 2.whose bike is yellow? 谁的自行车是黄色的？

if与whether用法区别

if与whether用法区别 收集整理：王俊尧 1.下列情况只能用whether： （1）直接与or not连用时,往往用whether(if…or not也可以使用)。如: Let me know whether or not he will come. (= Let me know whether / if he will come or not.) 让我知道他是否能来。 I don't know whether or not he does any washing. (= I don't know whether / if he does any washing or not.) 我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。 I wonder whether we stay or whether we go. 我想知道我们是去还是留。 (2) 在介词之后用whether。如： I'm interested in whether he likes English． 我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。 We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time． 我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。 I worry about whether I hurt her feelings． 我担心是否伤了她的感情。 (３)在不定式前用whether。如： He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man． 他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。 I don't know whether to go．我不知去否。 He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train． 他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。 （４）whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如： Whether this is true or not，I can't say． 这是否真的我说不上来。 （５）引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如： Whether she will come or not is still a question． 她是否能来还是个问题。 The question is whether we can catch the bus． 问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。 （６）若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如：

whether和if用法

1.whether和if均可用来引导主语从句，但if引导的从句不能位于句首。 如：Whether they win or lose is all the same to me. 他们是赢是输於我都一样.（此时whether不能换作if ） It's doubtful whether there'll be any seats left.说不上还有没有空座位了.(此句whether能换作if) 2.whether和if均可用来引导宾语从句。如： ①I don't know whether/if I will be able to come.我不知道我是否能来. ②She asked me whether/if I was interested in working for her.她问我是否有兴趣为她工作。 ③We'll be told tomorrow whether we should take the exam or not.我们明天才知道是不是应该参加考试. ④I asked him whether he had done all the work himself or whether he had had any assistance. 我问他这些工作都是他自己做的还是别人帮他做的. ( 注意: 在两个供选择的从句之间若用or字, 则须重复whether一字. ) 注:⑴当强调宾语从句并将其提前时只能用whether。 如:Whether I'll have time to go with you I am not sure.我很难说我们是否有时间跟你们一起去。 ⑵从句作介词宾语时只用whether不用if。 如:She was undecided about whether she should accept his offer. 她拿不定主意应该不应该接受他的好意 ⑶当whether和or not连用时，只用whether不用if。当or not放在whether引导的从句句尾，则可以用if来替换。 如: I don’t know whether or not he will come.我不知道他是不是回来。 I'll be happy whether/if I get the job or not我能不能得到那份工作都一样高兴 ⑷当whether和or 连用表示明确的选择时，只用whether不用if。 如:He asked me whether I wanted to go there by train or by bus. 他问我是想乘火车还是坐公共汽车去那里。 He hesitated about whether he should drive or take the train.他开车去还是坐火车去, 犹豫不决注:whether 和or 连用还可以引导让步状语从句,此时也不用if。 如：We'll go on with the work, whether we can find the necessary tools or not. 不管我们能否找到所需的工具,我们要把这件工作做下去。 Whether or not it rains / Whether it rains or not, we're playing football on Saturday. 无论下不下雨, 我们星期六一定踢足球. ⑸动词discuss，decide,consider等后习惯上也常用Whether引导从句，不用if。 They discussed whether they should leave at once.他们讨论了是否应该马上离开。We discussed whether the house should be sold. 我们讨论了这房子是否应卖掉。 3.表语从句用whether引导不用if. 如:①The doubt was whether you had broken the beautiful vase. 疑问是你是否打坏了这只漂亮的花瓶。 4.同位语从句用whether引导不用if. 如:①The question whether we'll build another lecture building hasn't been settled. 是否要另建一幢教学楼的问题还未决定。 5. 在动词不定式之前，只能用whether，不能用if。 如:①The question is whether to go to Munich or Vienna. 问题是去慕尼黑还是去维也纳. ②She doesn't knows whether to get married now or wait. 是否现在结婚或是等待她不知道。 ③We were wondering whether to go today or tomorrow. 我们弄不清是今天走还是明天走. ④I'm not sure whether to resign or stay on. 我拿不准主意是辞职还是留任. Answers: BADDC ABCAB ABADD B

最新下面就whether的这一用法作一归纳资料

精品文档 下面就whether的这一用法作一归纳。 一、作“是……还是……”解时，whether表示一种选择，其后可以跟介词短语或不定式短语。 1. 后跟介词短语。例如： （1）She made the mistake whether by accident or by design. 不知她是偶然还是故意去犯这个错误的。 （2）Whether through choice or obedience I don”t know, but he certainly did all the work very well. 是出于内心自愿还是奉命行事，这我不晓得，不过他的确是把所有的工作都做好了。 2. 后跟动词不定式短语。例如： （1）I don’t know whether to accept the offer or refuse it. （= It is doubtful whether to accept the offer or refuse it. ）对这个提议，我不知道是接受好，还是拒绝好。 （2）It is to be decided whether to go or stay here. 是走还是呆在这儿还有待决策。（it作形式主语。） （3）Will you advise me whether to accept his suggestion （or not）？ 向你请教，我是否要接受他的建议？ 二、作“是否，会不会”解时，whether可用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 1. 引导主语从句。引导主语从句时，可用it作形式主语。例如： （1）Whether they consider this opinion or not is not clear. （= It is not clear whether they consider this opinion or not. ） 他们是否考虑这个意见还不清楚。 （2）Whether we shall be able to come is doubtful. （= It is doubtful whether we shall be able to come. ）我们是否能够来，尚不确定。 2. 引导宾语从句。这时whether可与if换用。例如： （1）A simple experiment will show whether air has weight or not. （= A simple experiment will show if air has weight. ）一个简单的实验就可以证明空气是否有重量。 （2）I wonder whether we shall be in time for the last bus or （whether we shall）have to walk home. 我不知道我们是否可以赶上最后一班公共汽车，或是只好步行回家。 3. 引导表语从句 The question is whether we have to make a decision at once or not. 问题是我们是否必须马上作出决定。 4. 引导同位语从句。它的前面通常有fact, conclusion, news, problem, question, idea, doubt等名词作同位语结构的中心词。例如： （1）She has answered the question whether or not this supermarket is the largest one in the region. 她回答了这样一个问题，即该超市在这个地区是不是最大的。 （2）The question whether we ought to call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor. 关于我们是否该请一位专家过来的问题，家庭医生已经作了回答。 三、作“不论……还是……”解时，whether引导让步状语从句。例如： （1）Whether you can see the moon or not, it is always round. 不论你能否看得见，月亮总是圆的。 （2）You may rely upon my help, whether others help you or not. 不论别人帮不帮你，你都可以依赖我的帮助。 四、whether or no除了能够像whether or not一样引导名词性从句外，还能单独放在句首或句末，作“无论如何”解。这时，它仅起状语作用。例如： 精品文档

特殊疑问句和一般疑问句的用法

（一）?? 由be(am,is,are)引导的一般疑问句 1、Am I a student? 我是学生吗 Yes,you are./ No,you aren’t. 2、Is this /that/it a chair?这/那/它/是一把椅子吗 Yes,it is. /No,it isn’t. 3、Is she/Amy your sister?她/艾米是你的妹妹吗Yes,she is ./ No,she isn’t. 4、Is he/Mike your brother?他/迈克是你的哥哥吗Yes,he is./No,he isn’t. 5、Is your brother helpful at home? 你哥哥在家有用吗Yes, he is./ No, he isn’t. 6、Is there a forest in the park? 在公园有一个森林吗 Yes,there is./No,there isn’t. 是的，有。/不，没有。 7、Are there any panda s in the mountains?在山上有熊猫吗 Yes,there are./No,there aren’t.是的，有。/不，没有。 8、Are they dusk s? 它们是鸭子吗（问物） Yes, they are. /No,they aren’t.是的，它们是。/不，它们不是。 9、Are they famers? 他们是农民吗（问人） Yes, they are. /No,they aren’t. 是的，他们是。/不，他们不是。 10、Are you a teacher?你是一个老师吗(问you 用I回答) Yes, I am./No,I’m not.是的，我是。/不，我不是。 11、Are you teacher s?你们是老师吗 Yes,we are./No,we aren’t.是的，我们是。/不，我们不是。 （二）、由do引导的一般疑问句 1、Do you like apple s?你喜欢苹果吗 Yes,I do./No,I don’t. 喜欢。/不喜欢。

If 和whether的区别 (含 讲解+习题+答案)教学文稿

If 和whether的区别 if和whether都可译为\"是否\",二者引导宾语从句时通常可以互相替换,口语中多用if 代替whether.例如：Ask if/whether he plans to come to the meeting. 而以下几种情况中, 只能用whether: 1. 强调两方面的选择,特别是句中有or not时.如： Let me know whether you can come or not. 2. 宾语从句前置时.如： Whether this is true, I can\'t say. 3. 引导主语、表语、同位语从句时.如： Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather. （主语从句） The question is whether he can do it. （表语从句） The question whether we should go with them must be decided at once. （同位语从句） 4. 在介词之后作介词的宾语时.如： I haven\'t settled the question of whether I\'ll go back home. 5. 在不定式前与不定式一起组成词组时.如： Whether to go or stay is still a question. 6. 在discuss, decide 等动词后作宾语时.如： We discussed whether we should go there by plane. 值得注意的是：if还可以引导条件状语从句,是\"假如；如果\"之意,而whether可以引导让步状语从句,是\"不管；无论\" 之意.如： If you ask him, he will help you. I shall go, whether you come with me or stay at home. 一、if或whether引导宾语从句时,作“是否”讲,常放在动词ask 、see 、say 、know 和find out等后面.一般情况下,两者常可换用,在口语中多用if.如： 例1 Nobody knows whether (if) it will rain tomorrow. 没有人知道明天是否下雨. 例2 Lucy asked whether (if) they had a cotton sweater .露西问他们是否有棉制的羊毛衣. 二、if或whether引导宾语从句时,要注意三个方面,即连词、语序和时态. 1 if或whether不能和that 或其它连词（副词）同时使用,也不能省去.如： 例3 我不知道他今天是否会来. [误] I don’t know that if(whether) he will come here today . [正] I don’t know if(whether) he will come here today . 例4他走过来看看猫是否出了毛病. 误] He came to see what if (whether) there was wrong with his cat . [正] He came to see if (whether) there was wrong with his cat . 2 if或whether引导的宾语从句时,虽具有疑问意义,但从句语序应用陈述句语序.如：例5 Did you know the way to the hospital ? The old woman asked me . The old woman asked me .if (whether) I knew the way to the hospital .老妇人问我是否知道去医院的路. 3 if或whether引导的宾语从句应和主句的时态保持一致.即主句为一般现在时,从句用