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关于“商标”

Trademarks
Trademarks are federally registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office of the Department of Commerce.When a trademark owner applies for registration,the office will examine the application to see if the mark meets the conditions of federal law.One important condition is that the trademark is not confusingly similar to a mark previously registered or used in the United States.Under a 1996 revision to the law,the owners of famous trademarks may seek to prevent use of similar marks,even if used by unrelated products.On approval of the application,the trademark is published in the official gazette to enable any objection is granted ,it lasts for ten years and may be renewed at ten-year intervals for as long as the trademark is still use.Once a fedral registration has been obtained,the owner may give notice by using the symbol ? next to the trademark.
商标由美国联邦商业部的专利与商标局登记注册。当商标所有者申请注册时,该局将检验申请是否符合联邦法律。检验的重要项目之一是该商标不能混淆于以前在美国已登记注册或使用过的商标。根据1996年的商标修订法,名牌商标拥有者可以设法禁止他人使用类似的商标,即便是将该商标用于非相关的产品也不行。政府在批准注册的同时,要将商标公布于官方报纸,以便能够听到各种不同的相反意见。商标一经正式注册,便可连续使用十年。只要该商标仍在继续使用,就可以每隔10年重新注册。商标拥有者一旦获得联邦正式注册,便可在自己的商标旁注上?符号。
Anyone who uses a mark so similar to a registered trademark that it is likely to cause customer confusion is an infringer and can be sued in a state or federal court.In deciding whether there is infringement,the court compares the conflictin trademarks as to similarity in sound,appearance,and meaning,and compares the similarity of the goods and services.Other relevant factors include whether the competing parties' goods are sold to similar customers,through similar channels of trade,and the fame of the marks.Unlike patent or copyright infringement,trademark infringement is defined solely by the likely confusion of customers.The usual remedy after a court trial finding trademark infringement is an injunction prohibiting the infringer from using its mark.
任何人使用与已注册的商标类似的标记,由此可能会混淆顾客识别力的做法叫做侵权,可以就此行为向州法院或联邦法院提请诉讼。法院在确定某商标是否有侵权行为时,要对相关商标从声音、外形以及意义等方面进行比较,还要比较其商品是否通过类似的销售渠道售给类似的顾客,以及商标的知名度等。商标侵权不同于专利侵权或版权侵权。商标侵权的唯一界定标准是看它是否可能会混淆顾客的识别力。在法院判定某商标侵权之后,通常最

好的处置办法是禁止侵权者使用该商标。

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