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adj adv固定搭配辨析

adj adv固定搭配辨析
adj adv固定搭配辨析

一、考点分析(一)形容词和介词的搭配

be+形容词+about anxious about 担心careful about 细心curious about 好奇concerned about 担心careless about 粗心crazy about 迷恋certain about 有把握doubtful about 怀疑enthusiastic about 热心于sure about 肯定

serious about 用心

be+形容词+at

apt at 善于

angry at 发怒

amazed at 吃惊annoyed at 烦恼

bad at 不善于

clever at 擅长于disgusted at 对……厌恶furious at 对……发怒mad at 恼火

good at 精通

quick at 敏捷

pleased at 欣慰surprised at 惊奇

skillful at 熟练

be+形容词+for

adapted for 合适anxious for 渴望competent for 胜任convenient for 方便eligible for 合格

eager for 迫切要求famous for 闻名

fit for 合适

grateful for 感激

hungry for 急于

known for 出名

noted for 出名necessary for 所必需的possible for 有可能的proper for 适合于

ready for 准备好responsible for 有责任的suitable for 适合sufficient for 足够

sorry for 惋惜

形容词+from

absent from 缺席different from 与……不同distant from 远离distinct from 有差别exempt from 免除

free from 免除

far from 远离

protected from 保护remote from 远离recovery from 复原secure from 安全

safe from 安全

形容词+in

accurate in 精确absorbed in 专心于constant in 持久confident in 信任disappointed in 对人失望expert in 熟练experienced in 有经验fortunate in 有幸

happy in 幸运interested in 感兴趣lacking in 缺乏

prompt in 迅速

rich in 盛产

successful in 成功wanting in 缺乏

形容词+of

afraid of 害怕

aware of 了解

ashamed of 羞耻

capable of 能够considerate of 体谅conscious of 意识到composed of 由……组成certain of 确信

deserving of 值得desirous of 渴望disregard of 不顾exclusive of 除了

full of 充满

fond of 喜爱

guilty of 犯罪independent of 不受支配incapable of 不能

jealous of 嫉妒

proud of 骄傲

regardless of 不管

sick of 厌烦

short of 缺乏

sure of 肯定

tolerant of 容忍suspicious of 怀疑

tired of 厌倦

thougful of 体贴

形容词+to

adverse to 敌对,相反adapted to 适应于addicted to 醉心于agreeable to 欣然同意beneficial to 有益于contrary to 相反convenient to 方便contiguous to 相邻common to 共同的devoted to 献身于

equal to 等于

essential to 必不可少equivalent to 等于,相当于fundamental to 根本的familiar to 熟悉

grateful to 感激

indifferent to 不在乎

loyal to 忠于

opposed to 反对

parallel to 平行

relevant to 有关的

related to 有关系的

sympathetic to 同情

true to 忠于

(be) used to 习惯于

形容词+with

acquainted with 相识

annoyed with 烦恼

angry with 对人恼火

busy with 忙于

bored with 厌烦于

crowded with 拥挤

confronted with 面临

consistent with 符合,一致

concerned with 有关系

disappointed with 对……失望

disgusted with 讨厌

friendly with 友好

frank with 坦率

familiar with 精通

identical with 相同

popular with 受欢迎

pleased with 满意

satisfied with 满意

wrong with 坏了

(二)词义辨析

1.able capable competent和qualified

都含“有能力的”意思。

able 一般指人,表示“现在实有做某事的能力”,有时意味着“高超的能力或技艺”,如:a marvelously able author一位才华出众的作者。

capable 指人或物均可,表示有“潜在的或能达到一般要求的能力”,如:

He is hardly capable of executing such a difficult task.他仅能勉强地完成这样艰巨的任务。

competent 指具有“胜任某一工作的条件”,强调对某项工作有足够的技能及其它所需条件,如:He is a competent,but not a brilliant musician.作为音乐家,他能胜任,但缺乏才华。

qualified指具有“做某工作的必需条件”、“合格的”,所表示的能力则更有“保留(最低

限度)”的意思,如:A qualified stenographer is not necessarily a competent secretary.一个合格的速记员不一定就是个称职的秘书。

2.absurd,foolish,silly 和ridiculous

均含“不合情理”、“荒唐”、“可笑”意思。

absurd 强调“不符合人情或常识的”,如:It's clear to everybody that the creation of the world by God is absurd.人人都清楚,上帝创造世界的说法是荒谬的。

foolish 强调“缺乏智慧和判断力的”,如:What a foolish suggestion!多么荒唐的建议!

silly 强调“单纯、糊涂、低能的”,如:I can't stand her giggling,she's so silly.她吃吃地笑,叫我真受不了,那样子傻透了。

ridiculous 意为“荒谬的”、“令人发笑的”,常会有“鄙视”之意,如:

How ridiculous!真滑稽! (含“岂有此理”意味)

3.abundant和rich

abundant指数量多,只用于人、鸟、鱼、时间、雨量和资源等。如:

Abundant rain fell last month.上个月雨量充足。

rich指许多钱财,但也有其他抽象意义。如富饶的,豪华的等。如:

The land is rich in this kind of tree. 这里盛产这种树木。

4.accurate,correct和exact

均含“正确的”意思。

accurate 表示“准确的”,精确的”,指“通过努力,使事情达到正确”,如:

She gave an accurate account of the accident.她对事故做了准确的描述。

correct 为一般用语,指“正确的”,如:He gave correct answers to the questions.他对这些问题提出了正确的答案。

exact 表示“确切的”,“精确无误的”,指“与事实完全相符”,如:

His answer is quite exact.他的回答完全正确。

5.active,energetic,vigorous和lively

都有积极的、活泼的含义。

active最中性,意为处于行动状态,与被动、静止相对:an active imagination; 丰富的想象力;

energetic暗含具有持久活力的持续性热情行为:an energetic fund raiser for the college. 大学资金的有力筹集者。

vigorous精力充沛的,强健的; 活泼的;有魄力的a vigorous player精力充沛的运动员。

lively表示机敏,活泼及活力:I take a lively interest in politics.我对政治有很浓厚的兴趣

6.alive和living

都有活着的含义。

alive是表语形容词,只能位于系动词和它所修饰的名词之后。如:

Queen Victoria was still alive in 1990.维多利亚女王1990年还活着。

living通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。如:There are a lot of living fossils.有很多活化石。

7.alone和lonely。

alone强调与别人分开,但没必要暗含不高兴只意。I am never less alone,than when I am alone?我从来不比自己独处时更孤独。

lonely常指痛苦地意识到自己独自一人:No doubt they are dead,?she thought,and felt . . . sadder and . . . lonelier for the thought? 毫无疑问他们都死了,她越想越感到伤心和孤单.

8.amuse和entertain。

amuse暗含从紧张、严肃的环境中逃脱出来,使自己放松。

I amused myself with a game of solitaire.我玩单人纸牌戏使自己放松。

entertain指进行某种活动增加快乐:They are much more entertaining than half the novels that are written? 它们比创作的半数小说更能使人得到娱乐

amusing和interesting。

amusing指在娱乐、嬉戏时有趣的东西给人的感觉,或者在非集中思想于工作、学习时某有趣的东西给人们的感觉;

I had an amusing experience last year.去年我有过一次好笑的经历。

interesting指在任何时候某有趣的事物引起了人的注意。The play was very interesting. I didn't enjoy it.

9. rude,rough,crude,raw,coarse

这组形容词的一般含义为“粗”。

rude可以用来修饰人、思想、行为,或者修饰人所做的事情。修饰人或其思想时,意思是“粗鲁”、“没有礼貌”或“村野”;在修饰物时,表示缺乏技艺,或者由于没有合适的材料或适当的工具,做出的东西是“粗糙的”

The bull suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was shouting rude remarks and waving a red cap.

公牛突然看到了醉汉,当时他正在高声喊着一些粗鲁的评论话,并且挥舞着一顶红帽子。

The old man lived alone in a rude hut.

老人独自住在一个粗陋的小屋里。

rough 在修饰人和思想、行为时,仅仅表示“粗”,比如我们常说的“大老粗”,并不含有“粗鲁”、“无礼”及“村野”的意思。在修饰物或所做的活儿时,rough表示非精心制作的,有时表示有意做的粗糙,因为只要满足了需要就行,不必做得精细;有时表示半成品,有待继续加工;有时制作人为了表示谦虚,把自己完成的工作说成rough work The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed delt roughly with foreigners on several occasions.

那位律师查明有个警察的确在好几个场合中粗暴地对待了外国人。

The rough road across the plain soon became so bad that we tried to get Bruce to drive back to the village we had come from.

穿越原野的粗糙道路,不久变得非常糟糕,以致我们努力说服布鲁斯,把车开回我们出发的村子。

crude 指天然产物,不纯净,或未经加工精制、锻冶或以化学品和加热处理而使之适用或具有较大的用途和价值。在修饰人或思想、行为时,指的是“未开化的”、“低级的”、“粗鲁的”

Boxing was so crude that a prize-fighter could be seriously injured or even killed during a match.

拳击非常粗野,在比赛中职业拳击家可能受重伤,甚至被打死。

There is little resemblance between crude oil and gasoline

原油与汽油之间很少有相似之处。

raw 通常指未经加工、调制、抛光等的物体,或未经加工制造的原材料。在修饰物时,意思是“生的”(即未加工处理的)、“未熟的”。如raw meat(生肉),raw eggs(生蛋),raw material (原材料),raw hides(生牛皮)等等。在修饰人及思想、行为时,raw指的是“未成熟的”、“无经验的”、“不老练的”

They are raw recruits.他们是些新兵。

coarse在修饰物时,其“粗糙的”含义实际上指的是“精细的”(fine)的反义词。如coarse sand (粗砂),fine sand(细砂),coarse cloth(粗布),fine cloth(细布);在修饰人及思想行为时,主要指“粗俗的”而言

Refrain from using such coarse language.

别使用这样的粗俗的语言。

10.living alive live

living 用于生物时,指“活着的”。

alive 指“活着的”、“在世的”,着重于状态,它用作表语,或放有名词或代词后作定语。

live 只用于物,指“活的”

11.a lot of,a great deal of,plenty of,a great amount of,a great quantity of

a lot of为口语,后面可跟可数名词复数形式,也可跟抽象的或表示物质的名词,在否定句中习惯用not many或not much, a lot可以用作状语。

a great deal of 后面只能跟抽象名词或物质名词,a great deal也可用作状语。

plenty of后面可跟复数形式的名词或不可数名词,其含义是“需要多少有多少”或“比实际需要的还要多”,有时,有些象汉语“还多着呢”。

a great amount of后面只跟不可数名词。

a great quantity of后面跟可数或不可数名词都可以。

possible , probable, likely

possible强调客观上有可能性,但常带有“实际可能性很小”的暗示。

probable按照词源来讲,是“可以证明”的意思,因此用来指有根据,合情理,值得相信的事物,带有“大概”,“很可能”的意味,语气较possible强。

Likely侧重“表面看来,颇有可能”,与probable接近,常互换,但两词的主要不同处在于:likely暗示从表面迹象来判断,probable意味着经过权衡正反两方面的理由后,而相信某事是事实。

试比较:

The likely outcome of the contest varies from moment to moment.

比赛的谁胜谁负,每一分钟都在变化。(强调看起来时而好象甲方要赢,时而又象乙方要赢。)

On the probable outcome of the contest, opinions of the audience are unanimous.大家

对比赛多半会达到什么结局意见一致。(意即:一方的力量显然较另一方优越。)

It’s possible, though not probable, that he will accept these terms.

他也可能接受这些条件,但希望很小。

注意Likely在表示“有可能成功”的意思时,不能用probable代替。

The likeliest candidate is Comrade Chang.在候选人当中,张同志呼声最高。

What’s the likeliest time to find him at home?什么时候最可能在家里找到他?

Likely在作副词用时,前面一定要加very或most 。

They’ll very likely ask for an increase in the budget.他们很可能会要求增加预算。

1.p leasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant表示“好玩”,“有意思”,“舒服”,“和蔼”,“有风趣”,或者比较广泛的一般性的“好”。

This is quite a pleasant book though there is nothing original in it.

这本书虽然没有什么创意,但还是很有意思的。

The view from the window is very pleasant.

从窗子里望出去风景很美。

pleased表示“高兴”,“满意”,只能用人,后接about,with或不定式。

He is very pleased with the progress we are making.

他对我们工作的进展很满意。

pleasing “讨人喜欢”:

This is not pleasing to my taste.

这不合我的口味。

试比较:

He is very pleasant.他和蔼可亲.

He is pleased.他很高兴。

He tries to be pleasing.他努力讨人喜欢。

1.large, big, great

这三个形容词的一般含义是物理量值方面的大,但并不总能互相换用。

large 侧重表示三维量值,强调体积,修饰人时指个子大。此外它也可以表示范围,能力(capacity)和数量(amount或quantity)方面的大。

Do you want the large size, or the small size?

你是要大号的还是要小号的?

Mrs Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress.

兰伯尔德夫人是一位身材高大而且不爱笑的女人,穿着紧身黑色衣裙。

big 也可以表示体积大,但不同于large。比方,a large box 只说明箱子大,但未必重,而a big box 不仅体积大而且含义此箱子很重。此外,big还含义给人以深刻的印象,有时含有“重要”的意思。因此可以用big来修饰problem,但不能用large. a big person 未必large,相反a large person未必big。

On the last day I made a big decision.

在最后一天,我作了一项重大的决定。

He is working for a big firm.

他现在为一家大商行工作。

The big clock refused to welcome the New Year.

那个大钟拒不欢迎新年。

当用great来表示物理量值方面的大时,它总给人以惊奇甚至惊诧的感觉,有时表示给人以敬畏的印象。所以只有great可以汉译为“伟大”。

This race gave everybody a great deal of pleasure.

这次比赛给大家以许多乐趣。

pass, past

这两个词不是同义词,也不是近义词,但初学者容易用错。pass是动词,而past是介词,有时用作形容词或名词。当pass用作动词和past用作介词时,它们都有“过去”

和“经过”的意思,这里主要讨论它们这种含义上的用法差别。

Three months passed and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door.

三个月过去了,后来有一天上午,山姆在自己前门的外面发现了自己的钱包。

After they passed the forest, they came to a river.

他们穿过那个树林后,便来到一条河边。

I go past the post-office every day.

我每天都从邮局经过。

It's two minutes past twelve. 现在是十二点过两分。

注:past用作形容词,是“过去的”意思,用作名词是“过去”的意思

The past year was full of troubles.

过去的一年充满着困难。

We knew nothing of his past.

关于他的过去情况我们一无所知

a lot of, a great deal of, plenty of, a great amount of, a great quantity of

“许多”或“大量”

a lot of为口语,后面可跟可数名词复数形式,也可跟抽象的或表示物质的名词,在否定句中习惯用not many或not much, a lot可以用作状语。

What will you do if you win a lot of money?

如果你赢了许多钱,你将做些什么呢?

Its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it.

开这辆车的人很难把它停下来.

I paint a lot of pictures.

我画很多画。

a great deal of 后面只能跟抽象名词或物质名词,a great deal也可用作状语。

The race gave every one a great deal of pleasure.

这次比赛给了大家许多乐趣。

There was a great deal of excitement just before it began.

比赛开始前,人们非常激动。

plenty of后面可跟复数形式的名词或不可数名词,其含义是“需要多少有多少”或“比实际需要的还要多”,有时,有些象汉语“还多着呢”。

There's plenty of coffee in the kitchen.

厨房里咖啡还多着呢。

There's always plenty to read in the waiting room.

候诊室里总是有许多可供阅读的。

a great amount of后面只跟不可数名词。

A large amount of money is spent on tobacco every year.

每年在烟草上花去大量的钱。

a great quantity of后面跟可数或不可数名词都可以。

The factory needs a large quantity of water.

这家工厂需要大量的水。

There are only a small quantity of flowers left in the garden.

花园里只剩下少量的花了。

二、试题分析

1. When I asked you a question,I expect a answer to it.

A. punctual

B. fast

C. rapid

D. prompt

试题分析:D对。prompt(即时的)强调反映的迅速,a prompt answer迅速回答,意为问题一提出,就应该立刻得到答案;fast(迅速的)和rapid(快速的)虽然也强调动作快,但不能反映出这种即问即答的含义。punctual(准时的)是指准时做某事。所以从全句意思来看,D 正确。

2. Broadcasting companies are evaluating stereo transmissions for television.

A. lately

B. presently

C. recently

D. currently

试题分析:D对。因为句子是现在进行时,所以修饰动词的副词所表示的时间概念应该是“目前”。lately(近来)常用于否定句或疑问句,presently(即刻,不久),recently(不久之前地),currently(目前正在),四个副词所表示的时间概念只有D合适。

3. You must not think that experts are right.

A. steadily

B. invariably

C. continuously

D. constantly

试题分析:B对。that引导的从句所表示的是一种概念。因为是experts,所以被认为“总是”对的,填入的副词应该表示一种“一直、总是”的含义。steadily(稳定地),continuously(持续地),constantly(固定地),invariably(不变地;总是),四个副词中只有B具有这种含义,所以B对。

8. Further scientific discoveries will make high education still more .

A. peculiar

B. especial

C.special

D. specialized

试题分析:D对。高等教育应该是学科越来越细,越来越专业化。peculiar(独特的)强调一种其它事物没有的特性,especial(特殊的)和special(特别的)强调其独到之处。specialized(专门的;专业的)表示专业化程度。所以D对。

9.The twins are as______ as two peas in a pod. Friends are generally alike in background and tastes.

A. likely

B. similar

C. alike

D.equal

试题分析:C对。likely adj.很可能的,有希望的。like prep.象,如同。unlike adj.不同的,不相似的;prep.不象...,和...不同。dislike vt.讨厌,不喜欢;n.嫌恶

10.The murderer was not guilty of a crime.

A.guilty

B.criminal

C.sure

D.pitiful

试题分析:A对。criminal 侧重指某种行为是违犯法律的,因而应受到惩罚。guilty 主

要指某种行为违反道德标准,也可指违犯法律。

11.John worried about his father’s illness at the _______ stage.

A.urgent

B.pressing

C.decisive

D. critical

试题分析:D对。critical 指极为危急或缺乏的状况,而这种状况标志一种转折点。urgent 指情况紧急,急需解决问题。

12.Scientists are now trying to discover if this is______.

A. probable

B. possible

C. likely

D.maybe

试题分析:B 对。possible表示“某件事在行为者(尤其是作为人的行为者)的力所能及的范围内”,例如某人所能够做的、所能够成就的或所能筹划的事情。也可以表示“某件事的可能性”,这时说明的是事物的性能。probable在表示某人做某事、或事物的可能性时,具有“迹象”或推理的内涵,如果说某人是个probable thief的话,说话的人必须有迹象作为依据。likely 所修饰的人或物应当具备这样的特点:已被断定、被提出或被坚持的可能性

13.Tom takes_______ good care of the gold watch after his father passed away.

A. precious

B.valuable

C.rare

D.costly

试题分析:A对。precious 指因稀罕或奇缺而非常值钱,或者由于其本身品质而具有极大的价值。valuable 它形容东西很值钱,出售时可获高价,或对所有者具有极大用途和益处。

14.It’s usually the case that people seldom behave in a___way when in a furious state.

A.stable

B. rational

C. legal

D.credible

试题分析:B对。rational 强调“有理性和思考、推理能力的”。reasonable 语意较弱,指“合情合理的”、“(价格)公平合理的”。

15.If we want everyone to be _____,wealthy and happy,strict birth control is quite essential.

A.rich

B.treasure

C.wealthy

D.fertile

试题分析:C对。rich 指金钱,财物或财源等超过正常需求的含义。wealthy 普通用词,语气不如rich强烈,多指经济上富裕、社会地位稳固、很有身份,即有钱有势。

16.His father is very _____in his ideas.

A.rigid

B.stiff

C.hard

D.solid

试题分析:A对。rigid 强调某物根本不能弯曲,弯曲后就折断。stiff 常用词。描写任何坚硬而不能弯曲的东西。

17.The worker felt ________by the loss of his job.

A.sorrowful

B.painful

C.sad

D. depressed

试题分析:D对。sad系常用词,含义很广,一般指“不十分强烈地悲愁或难过的”。sorrowful 指“由于特定的损失或失望等而悲伤的”。dejected 着重“短期间外表上垂头丧气的”。depressed 指“因疲劳、失望等而情绪低落的”,同时可以指“由于健康等情况引起的长期的无精打采或萎糜不振”。

18.He feels ______about his child's future.

A.safe

B. secure

C.guarded

D.peaceful

试题分析:B对。safe 着重于没有危险或损害,处于平安状态。secure 着重指由于环境等因素而使人产生的安全感,含不必担心或害怕的意味。

19.There is a _______resemblance between them.

A.shallow

B. superficial

C.equal

D.same

试题分析:B对。shallow 指知识、议论、认识或立论肤浅,有时暗示只图表面而无实际内容。superficial 通常指人的思想、言论、学识、著作等仅停留于表面,缺乏必要的深度和全面性。

20.The thief tried to open the locked door but ________ .

A. in no way

B. in vain

C. without effect

D. at a loss

试题分析:B对。vain 属常用词,用来形容不能达到预期目的或产生效果的思想、行为及努力”。futile 的含义比vain 更深一层,表示“不能产生期望的任何结果”,还带有“很不明智的”意味。

21.The state is supported by taxes,the church by _______conditions.

A.willing

B.reluctant

C.free

D. voluntary

试题分析:D对。voluntary 较正式,侧重不受约束,无外力强迫所作出的自由选择。willing 着重自愿、令人愉快或急切地去行动。

22.Her coffee was too strong,so Ellen_____it with milk.

A.soaked

B.softened

C.weakened

D.flavored

试题分析:C对。weak系常用词,指“健康不佳的”,指事物时,意为“软弱的”、“无力的”。feeble指人时,意思为“虚弱的”,特指“因年老、疾病而虚弱无力的”,指物时,意思为“微弱的”、“徒劳的”。frail指人时,意思为“身体虚弱的”、“意志薄弱的”,指物时,意思为“容易碎的”、“容易损坏的”。

23.In the meantime,the question facing business is whether such research is ___________ the costs.

A. worth

B. worth of

C. worthy

D. worthwhile

试题分析:A对。worth 前置词,后接名词或相当于名词的词,指做某事有一定价值或意义。 worthwhile 形容词,用作表语或定语,指某事物是值得的,或某事是值得做的。worthy “有价值的,值得的,配得上的”,既可作表语,也可作定语,表示“可钦佩的,高尚的”。

24.The rain was heavy and the land was flooded.

A. consequently

B. continuously

C. constantly

D. consistently

试题分析:A对。前半句说雨下得很大,其造成的后果是陆地被淹没。consequently(于是),continuously(连续地),constantly(不断地),consistently(一致),所以A最合适。其它三个副词均不能体现出这种前因后果的关系。

25.The lecture was so that everyone went to sleep.

A. boring

B. bored C。tiring D. tired

试题分析:A对。所给四个形容词分别是由动词bore和tire变来的,boring(令人厌烦的),bored(感到厌烦的),tiring(使人疲倦的),tired(感到疲倦的),因为句子的主语是lecture,所以应该用现在分词形式,A和C相比,显然A更符合全句的意见。所以A正确。

26.It’s easier to adapt to new situations if one has a attitude.

A. changeable

B. moveable

C.mobile

D. flexible

试题分析:D对。人有了灵活多变的态度才会比较容易适应一个新环境,显然B、C是不对的。对于人的态度来说,不能用mobile mobile(易动的;常变的)或moveable(可移动的)来修饰。changeable是指可以改变的,但态度可以改变的人不一定灵活,flexible意为灵活的,所以D对。

27. Air is composed of gases including nitrogen,oxygen,and carbon dioxide.

A. varied

B. variable

C. differed

D. various

试题分析:D对。所给的四个形容词在词义上比较相似。varied是变化的,表示已经变化完成这种动作。variable是可以变化的,指具有可变化这种属性,differ(与……不同),various 指不同的、各异的。空气中的几种成分(氮、氧等)显然是不同的气体。所以D对。

28.In the theater the actors are very to the reaction of the audience.

sensible B. sensitive C. emotional D. positive

试题分析:B对。从句子的意思来看,positive(确定的)显然不对。sensible指“明智的,有判断力的”,sensitive指某人对外界事物敏感,后面可以跟介词to,emotional指情感用事的、不礼貌的。所以B对。

29.He is always to older people.

A. respective

B. respectable

C. respectful

D. respected

试题分析:C对。这四个形容词在外表上非常相似。其中respective (各自的)和其它三个词在意义上差别较大。所填形容词表示主语对老年人的态度,所以应用respectful(表示尊敬的,有礼貌的)。形容一个人可以说他respectable(值得尊敬的),表示对某人尊敬可以在他名字前冠以respected(尊敬的)。

30.You cannot be ___________ careful when you drive a car.

A. very

B. so

C. too

D. enough

试题分析:选C。cannot be too careful构成特殊用法,"无论多么小心都不为过"。

31.In the meantime,the question facing business is whether such research is ___________ the costs.

A. worth

B. worth of

C. worthy

D. worthwhile

试题分析:选A。worth是一个介词,后面可跟名词或动词ing形式。worth of没有此搭配法。worthy后面不能直接加名词,必须后面加一个介词of。worthwhile是一个形容词,后面不能直接跟有定冠词的名词。

32.The ___________ runner can run 2 miles in fifteen minutes.

A. common

B. usual

C. average

D. general

试题分析:选C。average"普通的,平常的,中等的"。common"普通的,一般的",含有经常发生或经常见到的事情,有"普遍"的含义。general"普通的,一般的",强调很少有例外,含有大多数的意思。usual"一般的",强调习惯性,符合规章制度的,或一贯如此的。句意:一个普通的长跑运动员在15分钟内可跑2英里。

33.The bond of true affection had pulled us-six very different men from six very different countries-across Antarctica; we proved in the end that we weren’t very different ___________ .

A. for all

B. as usual

C. in particular

D. after all

试题分析:选D。after all"毕竟,归根结底"。for all"尽管,虽然"。as usual"和平常一样"。in particular"尤其,特别"。

34.The shy girl felt ___________ and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teacher s questions.

A. amazed

B. awkward

C. curious

D. amused

试题分析:选B。awkward"尴尬的",amaze"惊奇"。curious"好奇的"。amuse"好玩,有趣"。

35.______________simplicity that only a genius can create.

A. Subject to

B. Contrary to

C. Familiar to

D. Similar to

试题分析:选B。contrary to"与...相反"。subject to"经历,遭受"。familiar to sb."为某人所熟知的"。similar to"与...相似"。

36. Although they plant trees in this area every year,the tops of some hills are still ___________ .

A. bare

B. vacant

C. blank

D. hollow

试题分析:选A。bare"赤裸的,裸露的"。vacant"空闲的,空虚的"。blank"空白的,空虚的"。hollow"空虚的,空洞的"。

37.The patient’s health failed to such an extent that he was put into ___________ care.

A. tense

B. rigid

C. intensive

D. tight

试题分析:选C。intensive"精心的"。tense"绷紧的,紧张的"。rigid"刚硬的,刻板的,严厉的"。tight"紧的,拉紧的,密封的,挤满的"。

38.Since the matter was extremely ___________ ,we dealt with it immediately.

A. tough

B. tense

C. urgent

D. instant

试题分析:选C。urgent"紧急的"。tough"坚韧的,坚强的,不屈的,难对付的"。tense"绷紧的,紧张的"。instant"立即的,迅速的"。

39.Although they plant trees in this area every year,the tops of some hills are still ___________ .

A. bare

B. vacant

C. blank

D. hollow

试题分析:选A。bare"赤裸的,裸露的"。vacant"空闲的,空虚的"。blank"空白的,空虚的"。hollow"空虚的,空洞的"。

40.The world’s governments have don e nothing to combat the threat of nuclear accidents.

A. almost

B. hardly

C. dearly

D. intrinsically

试题分析:A对。从四个副词的意思分析来看,dearly(非常),intrinsically(内在地),C、D显然不对,nothing本身已经具有否定的含义,前面不能再用表示否定的副词hardly(几乎没有,几乎不)修饰。almost(将近,几乎)表示程度,almost nothing意思是“几乎没有”。

1.Your story about the frog turning into a prince is ___________ nonsense.

A. sheer

B. shear

C. shield

D. sheet

试题分析:选A。sheer"完全的,十足的,绝对的"。shear"砍,斩;剪;切"。shield"保护,防护"。sheet"床单;薄片;一张纸"。

2.The president made a ___________ speech at the opening ceremony of the sports meeting,which encouraged the sportsmen greatly.

A. vigorous

B. tedious

C. flat

D. harsh

试题分析:选A。vigorous"朝气蓬勃的,强有力的"。tedious"冗长的,乏味的,没趣的"。flat"平的,平伸的,单调的"。harsh"粗糙的,(声音)刺耳的,苛刻的"。

3.Fewer and fewer of today’s workers expect to spend their working lives in the same field,___________ the same company.

A. all else

B. much worse

C. less likely

D. let alone

试题分析:选D。let alone"更别提"。all else"所有其它的"。much worse"更糟"。less likely"很不可能"。句意:如今希望在同一个领域工作一生的人越来越少了,更不用说在同一家公司了。

4. Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are ___________ in grocery stores.

A. ready

B. approachable

C. probable

D. available

试题分析:选D。available"可买到的;可借到的;可得到的;可搞到的"。ready"准备好了"。approachable"可接近的,可与之打交道的"。probable"可能的"。

5.One of his eyes was injured in an accident,but after a ___________ operation,he quickly recovered his sig.

A. delicate

B. considerate

C. precise

D. sensitive

试题分析:选A。delicate"灵敏的,精密的"。considerate"慎重考虑的;体谅的"。precise"

精确的,准确的"。sensitive"敏感的,高精密的,灵敏的"。

6.Physics is ___________ to the science which was called natural philosophy in history.

A. alike

B. equivalent

C. likely

D. uniform

试题分析:选B。equivalent"相同的;等价物"。alike"和...像"。likely"可能的"。uniform"和...一贯的,和...一致的"。

7.In general,matters which lie entirely within state borders are the ___________ concern of state governments.

A. extinct

B. excluding

C. excessive

D. exclusive

试题分析:选D。exclusive"专一的,唯一的;独有的,独享的"。extinct"绝种的,灭绝的;废除了的"。excluding"不包括"。excessive"过多的,过分的,过度的,极端的"。

8. Even though he was guilty,the ___________ judge did not send him to prison.

A. merciful

B. impartial

C. conscientious

D. conspicuous

试题分析:选A。merciful"宽恕,宽厚的"。impartial"公正的,不偏袒的"。conscientious"有责任心的"。conspicuous"明显的,显而易见的"。

9.Floods cause billions of dollars worth of property damage ___________ .

A. relatively

B. actually

C. annually

D. comparatively

试题分析:选C。annually"每年"。relatively"相对地,比较地"。actually"实际上"。comparatively"相对地,相比较地"。

10. ___________ popular belief that classical music is too complex,it achieves a William Penn,the founder of Pennsylvania,___________ defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion.

A. inevitably

B. indifferently

C. peculiarly

D. vigorously

试题分析:选D。vigorously"强有力地"。inevitably"不可避免地"。indifferently"漠不关心地"。peculiarly"独特地"。

11.There was once a town in this country where all life seemed to live in ___________ with its surroundings.

A. coincidence

B. harmony

C. uniform

D. alliance

试题分析:选B。in harmony (with sb./sth.)"(习语)协调一致,和谐"。coincidence"巧合"。uniform"相同的,一律的"。alliance"结合,联盟"。

12. Some children display an ___________ curiosity about every new thing they encounter.

A. incredible

B. infectious

C. incompatible

D. inaccessible

试题分析:选A。incredible"难以置信的,惊人的"。infectious"传染的"。incompatible"不一致的"。inaccessible"不可及的"。

13.The relationship between employers and employees has been studied ___________ .

A. originally

B. extremely

C. violently

D. intensively

试题分析:选D。intensively"深入地,加强地"。originally"最初地,原始地,有独创性地"。extremely"极度地,非常地"。violently"剧烈地"。

14.This is the ___________ piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works.

A. true

B. original

C. real

D. genuine

试题分析:选B。original"最初,最早的"。true,real,genuine意思相近,"真实的,真的"。

15. While nuclear weapons present grave ___________ dangers,the predominant crisis of overpopulation is with us today.

A. inevitable

B. constant

C. overwhelming

D. potential

试题分析:选D。potential"可能的,潜在的"。inevitable"难免的"。constant"经常的,稳定的"。overwhelming"势不可挡的;巨大的"。

16. Mr.Bloom is not ___________ now,but he will be famous someday.

A. significant

B. dominant

C. magnificent

D. prominent

试题分析:选D。prominent"杰出的,惹人注目的"。significant"有意义的,重要的"。dominant"最主要的,最突出的"。magnificent"壮观的,宏伟的"。

17. Although cats cannot see in complete darkness their eyes are much more ___________ to lig than the human eyes.

A. glowing

B. brilliant

C. sensitive

D. gloomy

试题分析:选C。sensitive to"敏感的"。glowing"热情赞扬的,热烈的"。brilliant"非常明亮的,杰出的"。gloomy"阴暗的,沮丧的"。

18. Out of ___________ revenge,he did his worst to blacken her character and ruin her reputation.

A. perfect

B. total

C. sheer

D. integral

试题分析:选C。sheer"完全的,彻底的"。perfect "完美的"。total"全部的"。integral"完整的"。

19.Our journey was slow because the train stopped ___________ at different villages.

A. unceasingly

B. gradually

C. continuously

D. continually

试题分析:选D。continually"连续不断地"。unceasingly"不停地,不断地"。gradually"逐渐地,逐步地,渐进的"。continuously"连续地,持续地,不断地"。

20.Our new house is very ___________ for me as I can get to the office in five minutes.

A. adaptable

B. comfortable

C. convenient

D. available

试题分析:选C。convenient"方便的"。adaptable"可适应的;可改编的"。comfortable"舒适的,舒服的"。available"可得到的;可买到的;可借到的"。

21. I am afraid that you have to alter your ___________ views in light of the tragic news that has just arrived.

A. pessimistic

B. indifferent

C. distressing

D. optimistic

试题分析:选D。optimistic"乐观的,乐天的"。pessimistic"悲观的,厌世的"。indifferent"漠不关心的,冷淡的"。distressing"令人苦恼的,使人痛苦的"。

22.Every member of society has to make a ___________ to struggle for the freedom of the country.

A. resolve

B. guarantee

C. pledge

D. warranty

试题分析:选C。pledge"誓约,保证"。resolve"决心解决"。guarantee"保证,担保"。warranty"理由,依据"。

23.Improved consumer confidence is ___________ to an economic recovery.

A. subordinate

B. cumulative

C. crucial

D. satisfactory

试题分析:选C。crucial"关键的,关系重大的"。subordinate"下级的,附属的"。cumulative"累积的,渐增的"。satisfactory"令人满意的"。句意:对于经济复苏来说,消费者信心不断增加是很关键的。

24.This movie is not ___________ for children to see: it contains too much violence and too many love scenes.

A. profound

B. valid

C. upright

D. decent

试题分析:选D。decent"正当的,合适的"。profound"深奥的"。upright"垂直的,笔直的"。valid"正确的,有效的"。

25.I suggest we put the scheme into effect,for it is quite ___________ .

A. feasible

B. eligible

C. probable

D. sustainable

试题分析:选A。feasible"可行的"。probable"可能的"。eligible"合格的,有资格的"。sustainable"能支撑住的"。

26.The compact dictionaries published in recent years are not as as some of the older editions.

A. complete

B. tiresome

C. reliable

D. cumbersome

试题分析:D对。要特别注意句子前面的形容词compact,因为是同级比较句,所以填入的形容词应该和前面的compact(包装紧密的)形成对比。cumbersome(沉重的)反映出词典的篇幅大,和compact形成对比。而其它三个形容词complete(完全的),tiresome(令人厌倦的),reliable(可靠的)均不能和compact构成比较结构。所以D正确。

27.Spies may have a number of names and papers.

A. artificial

B. synthetic

C. false

D. pretended

试题分析:C对。间谍用的名字和文件应该不是真的,即伪造的、假的。所以所填形容词应该和“真的(real)”形成对比。artificial(人工的)和synthetic(用合成方法产生的)应和natural(天然的)形成对比,pretended(假装的)显然不合题意,只有false(假的,不真实的)与题意相符,所以C正确。

28.The water in the river was so we could see the floor clearly.

A. transparent

B. bright

C. visible

D. opaque

试题分析:A对。We could see the floor clearly说明河水非常清澈透明,一眼能望到水底。在四个形容词中,opaque(不透光的),bright(明亮的),B、D显然不对。visible是指可以看见的,与后半句的意思也不搭配,只有transparent(透明的)与题意相符,所以A正确。

29. The book proved to be very unreliable and so was quite .

A. unimportant

B. disused

C. useless

D. unusable

试题分析:C对。前半句表明书非常不可靠,因此也就没有什么用处了。disused(无用的)是指废弃的、不用的,一般指过时的东西。unusable(不能使用的)指因故障而不能使用的,unimportant(不重要的)与前半句意思不符,只有useless(无用的)符合题目的要求。

30.Though badly damaged by fire,the palace was eventually to its original splendor.

A. renewed

B.repaired B.renovated D. restored

试题分析:D对。句末的its original splendor是关键词。在四个动词中,renew(更新),repair(修理),renovate(革新),restore(恢复到原来的样子),只有restore能够体现出

这个含义,所以D正确。

31.In the U.S.A it isn’t to telephone someone very early in the morning.

A. contemporary

B. compulsory

C.customary

D. extraordinary

试题分析:C对。to telephone someone very early in the morning表示一种动作,这种动作在美国怎么样?所填入的形容词表示这种性质。四个形容词中,customary(根据风俗和习惯的),contemporary(当代的),compulsory(规定的;义务的),extraordinary(非常的,特别的),只有C的含义最合乎题目的要求。

32.Try to remain until you have heard both sides of the story.

A. unfair

B. candid

C. impartial

D. just

试题分析:C对。从句子的意义分析来看,unfair(不公平的),candid(耿直的),A、B

显然不合适,just(公平的,正直的)一般表示特点,往往用来做定语,impartial(公正的)指不偏袒任何一方,按应有的规则办事。所以C最合适。

33.With its expensive furniture and carefully chosen color scheme the room looked quite

A. luxurious

B. luxuriant

C. excessive

D. abundant

试题分析:A对。从前半句的意思来看,excessive(过分的),abundant(丰富的),C、D 显然不对,luxuriant和luxurious是一个外表比较相似的词。luxuriant(丰富的,繁茂的)一般指树木的繁茂,而luxurious(豪华的,非常舒服的)指外观的豪华。所以A正确。

34. Tom is the most pupil in class.

A. industrial

B. industrialist

C. indulgent

D. industrious

试题分析:D对。industrialist(工业家)显然不对,因为它是个名词,不能在most后面。其它三个形容词从意义上分析,industrious(勤奋的),industrial(工业的),indulgent(放纵的,纵容的),只有D合乎句子意思的要求,即汤姆很用功。所以D对。

三、强化训练

1. It is ________ for a man to walk in his sleep.

A.abnormal

B.normal

C.moral

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3b13356939.html,ual

2. Since you think the lesson was very important,you should not have been ________ from it yesterday.

A.present

B.absent

C.impatient

D.free

3. Pure mathematics differs from applied mathematics in that the former is more ________ .

A.effective

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3b13356939.html,eful

C.abstract

D.difficult

4. Her ________ record was quite ordinary but her employment record was very impressive.

A.learning

B.scientific

C.academic

D.private

5. Breaking Mary s doll was purely ________ ;John did not mean to do it.

A.alive

B.minded

C.accidental

D.alert

6. Mother will need an ________ help to do the work while there is so much company.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3b13356939.html,ual

B.additional

C.opposite

D.old

7. If the test taker finds an item to which an answer is not known,it may be ________ to leave it blank and go on with the test.

A.valuable

B.considerable

C.advisable

D.probable

8. A man who goes from door to door selling things has to be ________ if he wants to succeed.

A.expensive

B.cheap

C.explosive

D.aggressive

9. They are twins and look very much ________ .

A.same

B.identical

C.likely

D.alike

10. It was dreadful to find oneself ________ in such a place.

A.sole

B.alone

C.only

D.lonely

11. There was no ________ route open to her,so she could only take th

is one.

A.numerous

B.right

C.left

D.alternative

12. As more and more facts were revealed,the conclusion became ________ .

A.aparent

B.logical

C.visible

D.reasonable

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off duty 下班on duty 值班,上班 in effect 有效;实际上 in the face of 面对,不顾,即使 in fact 其实,实际上 on fire 烧着 on foot 步行 in force 有效;实施中 in favo(u)r of 有利于,赞成,支持 in front of 在……面前 in general 通常,大体上by hand 用手 hand down to 往下传,传给(后代) hand in hand 手拉手,携手 on (the) one hand... on the other hand... at home and abroad在国内外 in honor of 以纪念,向……表示敬意 in a hurry 匆忙地,立即for instance 例如,举例说 at least 至少,最低限度at length 终于,最后;详细地 in the light of 按照,根据at a loss 困惑,不知所措by all means 无论如何,必定by no means 决不by means of 借助于 in memory of 纪念 at the mercy of 在……支配下 by mistake 错误地 at the moment 现在此刻at present 目前,现在for a moment 一会儿 for the moment 暂时for the present 目前,暂时for the time being in a moment 立刻,马上

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常考搭配和短语词义 1 as regards 关于,至于 2 as a rule 通常,照例 3 as a result(of) 因此,由于 4 as far as 远至,到...程度 5 as for 至于,关于 6 as follows 如下 7 as if 好像,仿怫 8 as good as 和...几乎一样 9 as usual 像平常一样,照例 10 as to 至于,关于 11 as well as 除...外(也),即...又 12 aside from 除...外(还有) 13 all but 几乎;除了...都 14 all over 遍及 15 all the time 一直,始终 16 at a time 一次,每次 17 at all 丝毫(不),一点也不 18 at all costs 不惜一切代价 19 atallevents不管怎样,无论如何 20 at all times随时,总是 21, at any rate, 无论如何,至少 22, at best, 充其量,至多 23, at first, 最初,起先 24, at first sight, 乍一看,初看起 来 25, at hand, 在手边,在附近 26, at home, 在家,在国内 27, at intervals, 不时,每隔... 28, at least, 至少 29, at last, 终于 30, at length, 最终,终于 31, at most, 至多,不超过 32, at no time, 从不,决不 33, at present, 目前,现在 34, at the cost of, 以...为代价 35, all means, 尽一切办法,务必 36, account for, 说明(原因等) 37, allow for, 考虑到 38, arrive at, 达成,得出 39, ask for, 请求,要求 40, aim at, 瞄准,针对 41, appeal to, 呼吁,要求 42, ask after, 询问,问候

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