高考英语语法填空非谓语动词真题详解

语法填空中对非谓语动词的考查

实例剖析

[例1]…the proverb, “plucking up a crop 32 (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. (2008年)

思路分析：因句中已有谓语is based，而“plucking up a crop 32 (help) it grow”是the proverb的同位语，是一个名词短语而非同位语从句，因此，help应是谓语动词；“帮助禾苗长”是“将禾苗拨起来”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填to help

[例2]While she was getting me ___34___ (settle) into a tiny but clean room…(2007年)

思路分析：因句中已有谓语was getting，所以settle应是非谓语动词；又由settle sb. into/in/on…(使某人舒服地处于某处)可知，me与settle是被动关系，要用过去分词用宾补，故填settled。

考点突破

一、单句填空：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. ___walking_________ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. (全国)

2. Eugene's never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use __arguing________(argue) with him. ()

3. Please remain __seated_______(seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon. ()

remain在这里是一个系动词,后面要接形容词做表语,CD明显不对,可以排除,AB都是分词形式,可以充当形容词,但是主语是人,和seat应该是被动关系,所以用过去分词而不用现在分词.Please remain seated .请坐着不要动。Be seated请坐着不要动

4. —Can I smoke here?

—Sorry. We don’t allow ___smoking________(smoke) here. ()

Sb allow sb to do sth 某人允许某人做某事

Sb allow doing sth某人被允许做某事

5.It is difficult to imagine his __accepting_____(accept) the decision without any consideration. ()

imagine one‘s doing sth 固定搭配

6.I can’t stand _working________(work) with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ___to stop_____(stop) talking while she works. ()

stand(sb.)doing,“忍受(某人)做什么”;refuse to do“拒绝做

7.As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _repairing____________ (repair). ()

Need(需要) 的用法

1.Need作为实义动词

有人称、数和时态的变化（在变为否定句和疑问句时需借助于助动词）

（1)当主语是人时，后可接名词和动词不定式，

即：need sth./ need to do sth.

Eg: He needs some help.

It's cold outside. You need to wear more clothes.

Need后跟不定式且用于否定句中时，表示“不必”，指没义务或没必要做某事。

Eg: You don't need to do it at once.你不必马上做那件事情。

（2)当主语为物时，后接名词或v-ing.

Eg: The flowers need water. 这些花需要水。

The flowers need watering.这些花需要浇水。

2.need作为情态动词

（注：情态动词不能独立作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语，即need作为情态动词时，后面必须跟动词原形）

无人称、数和时态的变化，常用于否定句和疑问句中。

Eg: You needn't go this week.这周你不必去。

由need引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答一般用must，

否定回答一般用needn't。

Eg: -------Need I come?

-------Yes, you must./ No, you needn't

注：由must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答一般用must，

否定回答一般用needn't或don't have to

Eg: --------- Must I go now?

-------- Yes, you must.

No, you needn't/don't have to.

8.Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _living_______ (live) alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home. ()

try这个词后面可以接doing和to do,但是表达的含义不同.Doing表示试着去做,但不管是否成功,to do 表示尝试去做,强调结果.

9. —Robert is indeed a wise man.

—Oh, yes. How often I have regretted __not taking______(not take) his advice! ()

10.If you think that treating a woman well means always _getting___ (get) her

permission for things, think again. ()

Mean doing sth意味着做某事，

11.At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ___being opened and closed_______(open and close) could be heard outside the classroom. (全国) being opened and closed是正在被开或关的意思

12. —They are quiet, aren’t they?

—Yes. They are accustomed to _not talking______ (not talk) at meals. () be accustomed to doing sth.习惯做某事（请注意：to 为介词,并非不定式的标志,即后面加动词原形）

13.Isn't it time you got down to ________(mark) the papers? ()

get down to doing sth．是固定搭配，“开始做某事”；to为介词，后面接动名词或名

词，

14.Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _setting_______ (set) up some schools for poor children. ()

学生可能会抓住“he had to”而选择A，因为他们对had to do something的结构太熟悉了。其实，句中had to与set up并不构成搭配，因为he had为定语从句修饰先行词all, setup与devote all…to构成搭配，即devote all to setting up(to为介词)，

15. She looks forward every spring to __walking______ (walk) in the flower-lined garden. ()

16. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ___passing_____ (pass) the exam. ()

Have a hard time /difficulty/trouble ….(in)doing sth.做某事有艰难、困难或有麻烦.

17.According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week __watching___ (watch) TV. ()

spend some time (in) doing sth.,中间出现了up to（达到）,增加了选择的难度.

18. I believe that’s the best way to prevent such a thing from __happening_____ (happen) again. (全国)

19. Did you have trouble in__finding______ (find) the post office? (全国)

20. Sandy could do nothing but ___admit___ (admit) to his teacher that he was wrong. ()

介词后接动词通常应是动名词.但是介词but（except 也一样）却比较特殊,其后接动词时,可以接不定式,并且这个不定式可以带to 也可以不带to：

1．当其前的谓语含有实义动词do（可以是各种形式）时,其后的不定式通常不带to：

She will do anything but play chess．她除了下棋外什么都愿干.

He did nothing all day except watch TV．他一整天除了看电视什么也没做.

2．当其前的谓语没有某种形式的实义动词do 时,其后的不定式通常要带to：

They had no choice but to obey．他们别无选择只有服从.

He wanted nothing but to stay here．他除了想呆在这里外,其它什么也不想.

3．当其前含有实义动词do 但不是用作谓语时,其后的不定式带不带to 均可,但以不带to 为多见：

There's nothing to do but（to）leave．只好离开.

There was nothing to do but（to）wait．除了等没有其它的办法.

4．在cannot（help）but 后习惯上接不带to 的不定式：

I cannot（help）but admire his courage．我不得不佩服他的勇气

21. I smell something _burning_______ (burn) in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (全国)

something应该正在烧，而且something与burn之间是主谓关系，即是其自己烧了起来，所以要用现在分词22.Don’t leave the water __running______ (run) while you brush your teeth. ()

leave the water running指的是让水一直流，表状态。水和run之间是主动关系。

23. It was so cold that they kept the fire ____burning_______ (burn) all night. (全国)

24. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____carried_________ (carry) out the next year. (全国)