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高三英语二轮复习 新题训练 安徽(江苏)新题型(特色题型)

高三英语二轮复习 新题训练 安徽(江苏)新题型(特色题型)
高三英语二轮复习 新题训练 安徽(江苏)新题型(特色题型)

三、安徽(江苏)新题型

任务型阅读部分

一、阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填一个单词。

(2011·安徽卷)If we agree that the function of education is to prepare us for life, then there is very little time to waste.So, while we can, we ought to concentrate on teaching children something really useful.Here is what our schools should teach.

Politeness is a mark of civilization.The sooner children learn this, the better.In any case, a lot can be accomplished by a smile and good manners.

Like it or not, our adult lives will be consumed by the struggle for money, but we don't make an effort to teach children how to manage it.So our schools have a duty to teach them this ability from the beginning.

We're likely to accept something we are told,but that's not what educated people https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3d15008492.html,cated people are reasonable and they look at facts.If our schools teach nothing else, they should at least teach critical(批判性的)thinking.

Children should learn to take care of their health.They should know that if they eat junk food (垃圾食品), they will become fat and unhealthy.They should be very clear about what happens to their bodies when they drink or smoke.

All of us are part of society.We have rights and responsibilities.We ought to understand what they are. We have to know a little bit of our history and geography ,because we need to have an environment in which to relate to the people around us.

How will we test students on these? We can't.But that's not a reason to avoid teaching what is important.Our schools should spend every moment they have telling this to our children:“This is life, this is what you are going to face, and this

1.Teaching/Education/Schooling

2.preparation

3.school(s)

4.Content(s)/content(s)/Subjects/subjects/Topics/topics

5.politely/properly/well

6.managing

7.think

8.healthy/fit

9.society

10.life

二、阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填一个单词。

Teamwork is just as important in science as it is on the playing field or in the gym. Scientific investigations (调查) are almost always carried out by teams of people working together. Ideas are shared, experiments are designed, data are analyzed, and results are evaluated and shared with other investigators. Group work is necessary, and is usually more productive than working alone.

Several times throughout the year you may be asked to work with one or more of your classmates. Whatever the task your group is assigned, a few rules need to be followed to ensure a productive and successful experience.

What comes first is to keep an open mind, because everyone’s ideas deserve consideration and each group member can make his or her own contribution. Secondly, it makes a job easier to divide the group task among all group members. Choose a role on the team that is best suited to your particular strengths. Thirdly, always work together, take turns, and encourage each other by listening, clarifying, and trusting one another. Mutual support and trust often make a great difference.

Activities like investigations are most effective when done by small groups. Here are some more suggestions for effective team performance during these activities: Make sure each group member understands and agrees to the task given to him or her, and everyone knows exactly when, why and what to do; take turns doing various tasks during similar and repeated activities; be aware of where other group members are and what they are doing so as to ensure safety; be responsible for your own learning, though it is by no means unwise to compare your observations with those of other group members.

When there is research to be done, divide the topic into several areas, and this can explore the issue in a very detailed way. You are encouraged to keep records of the sources used by each person, which helps you trace back to the origin of the problems that may happen unexpectedly. A format for exchanging information (e.g. photocopies of notes, ora l discussion, etc.) is also important, for a well-chosen method not only strengthens what you present but also makes yourself easily understood. When the time comes to make a decision and take a position on an issue, allow for the contributions of each member of the group. Most important of all, it is always wise to make decisions by compromise and agreement.

After you’ve completed a task with your team, make an evaluation of the team's

1.teamwork

解析:这是对全文的高度概括,文中第一段的中心句即第一句“Teamwork is just as important in science as it is on the playing field or in the gym.”也给予了较为明显的暗示。

2.ideas/opinions/views/thoughts

解析:由文中第三段第一句“What comes first is t o keep an open mind, because everyone's ideas deserve consideration and each group member can make his or her own contribution.”可知。注意:名词单复数的变化。

3.Support/Encourage/Back

解析:由文中第三段最后两句“Thirdly, always work together, take turns, and encourage each other by listening, clarifying, and trusting one another. Mutual support and trust often make a great difference.”可知。注意:根据表格中的行文规律,这里是祈使语气,应用动词原形且须大写,与上两行“Keep, Divide”相一致。

4.Suggestions

解析:由文中第四段中心句,即该段第二句“Here are some more suggestions for effective team performanc e during these activities.”可知。此外,表格中对应的右边一格正是suggestions的具体内容。注意:名词的单复数变化和大、小写。

5.given/assigned

解析:由第四段“Make sure each group member understands and agrees to the task given to him or her,”可知。注意:这里可以使用given的同义词assigned“分配”。

6.responsibility

解析:由文中第四段“be r esponsible for your own learning,...”可知。注意:这里根据表格内的表达方式需要进行词形转换。将形容词responsible转化成名词responsibility.

7.topic/subject/issue

解析:由文中第五段第一句“When there is research to be done, divide the topic into several areas, and this can explore the issue in a very detailed way.”可知。注意:这里可以使用topic的近义词:subject, issue.

8.case

解析:“just in case”在这里表示“以备用,以防用得着”,根据文中第五段第二句“You are encouraged to keep records of the sources used by each person, which helps you trace back to the origin of the problems that may happen unexpectedly.”可知。

9.Exchange/Share

解析:由文中第五段第三句“A format for exchanging information (e.g., photocopies of notes, oral discussion, etc.) is also important,...”可知。

10.Evaluate

解析:由文中最后一段可知。注意:根据表格中表达方式的需要,文中名词evaluation 应转化成动词Evaluate.

三、阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填一个单词。

Communication Principles

How you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate.“Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he(or she)is the center”.Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send them.But every day we experience the centrality of ourselves in communication.A student, for instance,may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment:“I know my teacher doesn’t like the fact that I don’t agree with his opinions,and that’s

why he gave me such a poor grade in that class.”The teacher might say the opposite.Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other person's view is wrong.

The concept of self originates in communication.Through verbal and nonverbal symbols, a child learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of others.You establish self-image, the sort of person you believe you are,by how others think of you.Positive,negative,and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3d15008492.html,munication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue process.Our understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other people.In a more obvious way, communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share.So,the communication begins with the self,as defined largely by others,and involves others,as defined largely by the self.

Communication occurs almost every minute of your life.If you are not communicating with yourself (thinking,planning,reacting to the world around you),you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behavior.Even if the other person did not intend a message for you, you gather observations and draw specific conclusions.A person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your message.A second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to you.A third person smiles (perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently) and you believe that he is attracted to you.We are continually picking up meanings from others’ behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them.

More often than not,you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statement.You may have made a joke out of your rude statement.Nonetheless,your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mind.You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3d15008492.html,munication cannot be reversed(倒退),nor can it be repeated.When you tried to re-create the atmosphere,the conversation,and the setting,nothing seemed right.Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different

1.self-centred/subjective

解析:Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other person's view is wrong.需要将其意思转换为是自我为中心的或个体主观的意思。

2.involves

解析:从文中第二段内容可以找出。

3.determine/define/know/understand

解析:neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are.可以找出答案,然后对信息进行一下转换。

4.expectations/hopes/desires/wishes

解析:communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share.信息定位后转化一下,使之适合于表格。

5.occurs/happens/exists/arises

解析:由Communication occurs almost every minute of your life.转化而来。

6.reading/understanding/knowing

解析:if you are not communicating with yourself(thinking,planning,reacting to the world around you)

7.behaviors/acts/action(s)/activities

解析:you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behavior.

8.conveying/expressing

解析:We are continually picking up meanings from others' behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them.转化而来。

9.erase/remove/delete/change

解析:You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to others.

10.can't/cannot

解析:Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results.转化而来。

四、阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填一个单词。

For more than twenty years scientists have been seeking to understand the mystery of the“sixth sense”of direction. By trying out ideas and solving problems one by one, they are now getting closer to one answer.

One funny idea is that animals might have a built-in compass(指南针).

Our earth itself is a big magnet(磁体). So a little magnetic needle that swings freely lines itself with the big earth magnet to point north and south. When people discovered that idea about a thousand years ago and invented the compass, it allowed sailors to navigate (航海)on ocean voyages,even under cloudy skies.

Actually the idea of the living compass came just from observing animals in nature.

Many birds migrate twice a year between their summer homes and winter homes. Some of them fly for thousands of kilometers and mostly at night. Experiments have shown that some birds can recognize star patterns. But they can keep on course even under cloudy skies. How can they do that?

A common bird that does not migrate but is great at finding its way home is the homing pigeon. Not all pigeons can find their way home. Those that can are very good at it, and they have been widely studied.

One interesting experiment was to attach little magnets to the birds' heads to block their magnetic sense—just as a loud radio can keep you from hearing a call

to dinner. On sunny days,that did not fool the pigeons. Evidently they can use the sun to tell which way they are going. But on cloudy days, the pigeons with magnets could not find their way. It was as if the magnets had blocked their magnetic sense.

Similar experiments with the same kind of results were done with honeybees. These insects also seem to have a special sense of direction.

In spite of the experiments, the idea of an animal compass seemed pretty extraordinary. How would an animal get the magnetic stuff for a compass?

An answer came from an unexpected source. A scientist was studying bacteria that live in the mud of ponds and marshes. He found accidentally little rod-like bacteria that all swam together in one direction—north.

Further study showed that each little bacterium had a chain of dense particles inside, which proved magnetic. The bacteria had made themselves into little magnets that could line up with the earth's magnet.

The big news was that a living thing,even a simple bacterium,can make magnetite. That led to a search to see whether animals might have it. By using a special instrument called magnetometer, scientists were able to find magnetite in bees and birds,and even in fish. In each animal, except for the bee,the magnetic stuff was always in or closer to the brain.

1.swinging

解析:将文章中的第二段中第二句中定语从句that swings 换用在现在分词swinging作定语。

2.Based

解析:根据第三段第三句When people discovered that idea about a thousand years ago and invented the compass可知,指南针是以此为基础发明的,所以用Based,与介词on相搭配。

3.migration

解析:根据第五段第一句Many birds migrate twice a year...可以判断。

4.even

解析:根据第五段倒数第二句But they can keep on course even under cloudy skies 可以判断。

5.experiments/tests/study/research

解析:该部分概括了文章第七段和第八段在鸽子和蜜蜂身上做实验的内容。

6.block

解析:根据第七段第一句中to block their magnetic sense可以判断。

7.cloudy

解析:根据第七段倒数第二句 But on cloudy days......可知。

8.discovery

解析:该部分讲的是研究发现。

9.north

解析:由第十段最后一句中的......in one direction-north可知。

10.brain(s)

解析:根据倒数第二段的最后一句...the magnetic stuff was always in or closer to the brain可知。

五、阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填一个单词。

(2011·镇江期末调研)China's Tianhe-1 has a computing speed of 2,507 trillion(万亿)calculations a second, which makes it the fastest computer in the world. It is also 40 percent faster than the world's second fastest supercomputer, Cray XT5 Jaguar, in the US, kept at a national laboratory in Tennessee, according to the New York Times. Jack Dongarra, a University of Tennessee computer scientist, told NYT that the Chinese supercomputer is faster than the existing Number One machine.

Building the fastest supercomputer has become a source of national pride, as these machines are valued for their ability to solve problems in areas like defense, energy and science. These problems are related to national interests. Supercomputing technology is also found in business. Oil and gas companies use supercomputers to find oil and gas.

Obviously, research centers with large supercomputers attract top scientific talents. This adds extra importance to the machines-they're more than just huge computers.

China's new supercomputer will be used to speed up greatly scientific calculations, such as hurricane and tsunami modeling, cancer research, car design and even studying stars.

In 2008, two US scientists put together a step-by-step guide on how to build a supercomputer using PlayStation 3 video-game consoles(控制台). Modern supercomputers are built by combining thousands of small computer servers(服务器)and using software to turn them into one large computer. Really, any organization with enough material and technology can create a fast machine.

The Chinese system follows that model by linking thousands upon thousands of computer servers. But the secret behind the system-and the technological achievement -is China's own networking technology. “That technology was built by them.”

Dongarra said. “They are taking supercomputing very seriously and using a lot of time and money.”

“China is still a developing country.” said Sha Chaoqun, manager at Dawning Company which is the leading supercomputer maker in China. “Maybe one day, China's total computing power can be greater than that of the US, but there is still a long

1. making

2. second

3. From

4. pride

5. able

6. business

7. attracted

8. seriously

9. attitude

10. Despite

六、阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填一个单词。

(2011·南京一模)On my first job as sports editor for Leader Enterprise, I didn't get a lot of fan mail,so I was attracted by a letter that was dropped on my desk one morning.

When I opened it, I read :“A nice pie ce of writing on the Tigers. Keep up the good work.”It was signed by Don Wolfe,the sports editor. Because I was a teenager ,his words couldn't have been more inspiring. I kept the letter in my desk drawer. Whenever I doubted whether I had the talent to be a writer,I would reread Don's letter and feel confident again.

Later,when I got to know him, I learned that Don made a habit of writing a few quick , encouraging words to people in all walks of life. “When I make others feel good about themselves,”he told me,“I feel good too.”

Over the years , I've tried to copy the example of Don,because I think they are on to something important. Such letters bring warmth. A few lines of praise have been

known to turn around a day, even a life.

Why, then, are there few such letter writers? My guess is that they're afraid they'll be misunderstood, and sound insincere. Also, writing takes time ; it's far easier to pick up the phone.

Even though letter writing may take longer, some pretty busy people do it,including George B ush , who owes much of his success in politics to his ever-ready pen. How? Throughout his career he has followed up every contact with a line of praise or thanks. His letters go not only to friends and colleagues, but to casual acquaintances and total strangers.

Even top managers have begun to learn the lesson, and earn the benefits of writing letters that lift people up. Former Ford chairman Donald Peterson, who is largely responsible for improving the business of the company in the 1980s, made it a practice to write positive messages to colleagues every day.

What does it take to write letters that lift spirits and warm hearts? The most successful people include what I call the four “S,s”of letter writing.

They are sincere. No one wants false praise.

They are usually short. Say what you want to in three sentences.

They are specific. Praising a business colleague by telling him “good speech” is too vague ; “great story about Warren Buffet's investment strategy”is precise.

They are spontaneous (自发的).This gives them the freshness and enthusiasm that will stay in the reader's mind long afterward.

The thought counts. Please keep paper, envelopes and stamps close at hand, even when you travel. Be generous with your praise. Even if your praise is a little ahead of reality, remember that expectations are often the parents of dreams fulfilled.

Today I got a warm letter from my old boss. His little letter to me was full of uplifting phrases , and it sent me to my computer to write a few overdue letters of my own. I don't know if they will make anybody else's day, but they made mine. As my friend Don Wolfe said, making others feel good about themselves makes me feel good

1. himself

2. contact

3. political

4. better

5. boss

6. How

7. false/insincere

8. specific/precise

9. generous 10. keeping

七、阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填一个单词。

(2011·盐城一调)We are not born with courage, but neither are we born with fear.

Maybe some of our fears are brought on by your own experiences, by what someone has told you, by what you've read in the papers. Some fears are reasonable, like walking alone in a bad part of town at two o'clock in the morning. But once you learn to avoid that situation, you won't need to live in fear of it.

Fears, even the most basic ones, can totally destroy our ambitions. Fear can destroy fortunes. Fear can destroy relationships. Fear, if left uncontrolled, can destroy our lives. Fear is one of the many enemies hidden inside us.

Let me tell you about five of the other enemies we face from within. The first enemy that you've got to destroy before it destroys you is indifference. What a tragic disease this is! “Ho-hum, let it slide. I'll just drift along.” Here's one problem with drifting: you can't drift your way to the top of the mountain.

The second enemy we face is indecision. Indecision is the thief of opportunity and enterprise. It will steal your chances for a better future. Take a sword to this enemy.

The third enemy inside is doubt. Sure, there's room for healthy skepticism. You can't believe everything. But you also can't let doubt take over. Many people doubt the past, doubt the future, doubt each other, doubt the government, doubt the possibilities and doubt the opportunities. Worst of all, they doubt themselves. I'm telling you, doubt will destroy your life and your chances of success. It will empty both your bank account and your heart. Doubt is an enemy. Go after it. Get rid of it.

The fourth enemy within is worry. We've all got to worry some. Just don't let it defeat you. Instead, let it alarm you. Worry can be useful. If you step off the sidewalk in New York City and a taxi is coming, you've got to worry. But you can't let worry loose like a mad dog that drives you into a small corner. Here's what you've got to do with your worries: drive them into a small corner. Whatever is out to get you, you've got to get it. Whatever is pushing on you, you've got to push back.

The fifth enemy inside is overcaution. It is the timid (胆怯的) approach to life. Timidity is not a virtue; it's an illness. If you let it go, it'll defeat you. Timid people don't get promoted. They don't advance and grow. You've got to avoid overcaution.

Do battle with the enemies. Do battle with your fears. Build your courage to fight what's holding you back, what's keeping you from your goals and dreams. Be courageous in your life and in your pursuit of the things you want and the person you want to become.

1. enemies

2. How

3. Cost

4. control

5. make

6. Rob

7. well

8. instead

9. being/getting 10. Result

八、阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填一个单词。

(2011·合肥一检)For thousands of years the most important two buildings in any British village have been the church and the pub. In fact ,until a place has a church and a pub ,it isn't really considered a community worthy of a name. Traditionally ,the church and the pub are at the heart of any village or town, since it is where people gather to give and receive news. In fact, the word ‘pub’ is short for public house.

That's how it used to be, but things are beginning to change. It is said that the credit decline is causing 39 British pubs a week to go out of business. People don't have lots of spare money to spend on beer. Recently, the UK government banned smoking in all pubs, and that may also have affected the number of customers going to pubs.

This decline is happening despite the fact that in 2005 the UK government started to allow pubs to stay open after 11 p. m. Previously ,with 11 p. m. as closing time ,customers would have to drink quite quickly ,meaning they sometimes got more drunk than they would if allowed to drink slowly. The British habit of drinking a lot very quickly is known as binge drinking(狂饮),and it causes some long- term health problems for people and problems with violent crime for communities. The UK government is changing the law to discourage binge drinking, and regularly spends money on television advertisements to warn people of the problems of drinking too much.

In order to save their businesses, pubs are trying to change with the market. Now, there are a number of different types of pubs.

As you can see, British pubs now offer something for everyone. A lot of pubs used to be working men' s clubs, meaning that women could not usually enter. Today, however, women can freely enter 99% of pubs without

experiencing any problems. Perhaps things are changing for the better after all.

1. End/Decline/Fall

2. role/part/function

3. exchange/share/spread

4. reasons

5. close/shut

6. allowed/permitted

7. discourage/prevent/stop

8. Measures/Ways

9. changes/efforts

10. get/have/buy/enjoy

高三英语专项练习

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