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现代大学英语精读2课后答案

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海内存知己，天涯若比邻。现代大学英语精读第二册练习与答案2007-1-22 16:59:28

Lesson One Another School Year --- What For?

I . Discuss the following questions:

1) Why did the professor draw a line between training and education? In what way are they different?

2) Are universities only for job training according to the professor? What else should a student strive for in

a university

3) How did the professor try to prove the importance of book-reading?

4) How would you respond if your brother or sister or your best friend declares that he/she is only interested in learning some job skill and therefore has no use for literature, politics, philosophy, history, art, music, etc.?

5) Discuss with or interview a classmate, find out his/her ideas, summarize them and report back briefly to the class: Is education for living or make a living?

II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words specialize and simplify are formed. Find out the meanings of the suffixes ―–ize‖ and ―–f y‖.

specialize:____ + ____ simplify: ____ + ____

2) Turn the following nouns or adjectives into verbs that end with the suffix ―–ize‖ and vice versa. Example: computer (n.) + -ize computerize (v.)

Noun/Ajective Verb

capital __________

central __________

final __________

hospital __________

ideal __________

__________ apologize

__________ civilize

__________ fertilize

__________ industrialize

__________ realize

3) Turn the following nouns or adjectives into verbs that end with the suffix ―–fy‖.

Example: beauty (n.) + -fy

Noun/adjective Verb

clarity __________

class __________

identity __________

intense __________

just __________

4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese given in the brackets.

(1) If the grass is greener on the other side of the fence, it is a time for you to ________ (施肥) your lawn.

(2) Just enjoy the little things you are doing. When you look back, you will ________ (意识到) they were doing the big things.

(3) Walt Disney ________（总结）how he made his dreams come tr ue in four C‘s: curiosity, confidence, courage and constancy.

(4) The plan was ________ (批评) as too idealistic and impractical.

(5) The waste water is now ________ (净化) and then used for irrigation.

(6) The training courses aims to ________ (使合格) them as teachers of English.

(7) How can you ________ (说明有正当理由的) your behavior?

(8) The freshmen will first read some ________ (简写) stories.

(9) Books can be ________ (分类) in different ways.

(10) I was really ________ (害怕的) when I was told that 500 million people would watch my performance.

2. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.

to average out (to a certain number)

to be exposed to

to be out to

to be stuck

to be true of

to do with sth.

to have no business doing sth.

to put sb. In touch with

to see to sth./to see to it that clause

to specialize to

1) They said that they would __________ no more trees are cut from now on

2) When he first retired, he felt very uncomfortable. He did not know what to __________ all his time.

3) If you want to know this, I can __________ a real expert.

4) Meals at the hotel __________20 yuan per day.

5) James protested that others __________ saying such things about him.

6) Eric told me that everything in the hospital was first-rate, and so was it __________ its doctors and nurses.

7) They were shocked to hear Professor Jin say that a company should not __________ make profit only.

8) My father was a historian. He __________ the history of the Ming Dynasty.

9) There are several ways to get around the difficulties when you __________ in the middle of a sentence.

10)Some sociologists argue that the ever-increasing crime rate is due to the fact that people __________ too much violence in TV programs.

11) In the first half of the year, Li Fan‘s income __________ 6,000yuan per month.

12) They promised to __________ the nuclear power station would be safe.

3.Choose the right word and put it in the proper form..

i . to say to speak to talk to tell

1) ―I can __________ you how to start, but you‘ll have to work out the answer

yourself, ‖ __________ Mr. Baker.

2) She insisted that parents should try to find out why children sometimes __________ lies.

3) Would you please stop __________? We can‘t hear what the speaker is __________.

4) He __________ a few words about himself and then on to __________ about the recent development in the Sino-Russian relationship.

5) We learned from what students __________ about him that he __________ four languages.

ii . fairly rather

1) The food was__________ good, but not as delicious as in the other restaurant.

2) She speaks __________ fluently, but her pronunciation is __________ poor.

3) It‘s___ hot here in the room. Will you please open the window?

iii . sensitive sensible

1) I di dn‘t mean you .You are too__________..

2) I thank it was a very __________ thing for you to do on such occasions.

3) It was __________ of them to withdraw their troops from that area.

4. Complete the sentences based on the Chinese given in the brackets.

1) The town used to __________ almost entirely __________ (依靠) tourism for its economic development .

2) The president asked me to __________ (主持) the meeting on his behalf .

3) I told them that Mr. Shen __________ ( 坚持) their giving a straightforward answer

4) No country has the right to __________ (干涉) other countries‘ internal affairs .

5) His grandparents __________ (渴望) his return to his own country .

6) In the last twenty years his research __________ (集中) a new strain of rice .

7) All this __________ (同意了的) at our last discussion .I don‘t see why we need to talk about it again .

8) Alice is still __________ (犹豫) the choice between the tow jobs .

9) They would never __________ ( 采取) these means to get rich .

10) There is no use __________ (埋怨) the situation we are in . We should take action and __________ (依靠) ourselves o change it for the better .

11) Do you remember the name of the Chinese who __________ (成功) swimming across the English Channel ?

5.Put in the missing words.

If you are like most people, your intelligence (1) __________ from season .You are (2) __________ a lot sharper in spring than you are at any (3)___ time of the year.

Spring appears to be the best (4) __________ of the year for thinking. One (5) __________ may be that in spring man‘s mental (6) __________ are affected by the same factors that bring (7) __________ great changes in all nature.

Autumn is the next best season, (8) __________ winter. As for summer, it seems to be a good time to (9) __________ a long vacation from thinking! It has been (10) __________ that cool weather is much more favorable (11) __________creative thinking than is summer hear. This does not (12) __________ that all people are (13) __________ intelligent in summer than they (14) __________ during the rest of the year. It (15) __________ mean , however , that the mental powers of large numbers of people (16) __________ to be lowest in summer.

III . Grammar

1. Complete the following sentence wit one of these ways of expressing future time, using the verbs in the brackets.

shall/will shall/will be doing shall/will have done

be to do sth. be doing sth. be going to do sth.

1) It has been decided that Beijing __________ (host) the 2008 Olympics.

2) The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics __________ (complete) by 2006.

3) The central government __________ (do) do what is within its power to help make the event a success.

4) Thousands of people __________ (work) as volunteers when the games __________(hold).

5) There __________ (be) no financial problem for Beijing in organizing the games.

6) By then the air in Beijing __________ (be) cleaner.

7) By then all factories that cause serious air, water or noise pollution __________ (move) out of the city.

8) Beijing __________ (be) more beautiful in 2008.

9) Many people in Beijing __________ (learn) English in the seven years ahead.

10) Both the government and the people of Beijing __________ (work) hard to make the Beijing Olympics one of the best in history.

2. Combine each pair of the sentences, using the right emphasizing coordinate conjunctions.

not…but

not only …but also

both …and

either … or

neither …or

1). His brother is a lawyer. His sister is a lawyer, too.

2). What they lack is not money. What they lack is experience.

3). They have come to china to learn Chinese. They have also come to china to learn about her culture.

4). I find the new manager is not easy to get along with. I find he is not delightful to talk to, either.

5). You may write your essay in your regular exercise book. You may print a copy if you do it on your computer.

3. Put in the right preposition from the list below.

about along with as at behind by for from in into like near of off on on to out of round to under upon with beside

1) Professor Li spoke __________ an expert __________ modern Chinese literature.

2) He talks __________ a computer expert, but really he knows little.

3) In the 1930s, a lot of people in the USA were __________ work.

4) __________ her 21st birthday, her parents sent her a leather coat __________ an affectionate letter.

5) The manager‘s office is large and airy. __________ the window is a CEO-type of desk. An office chair stands __________ the desk. Future back __________ the corner there is a floor-to-ceiling bookcase filled __________ books, magazines, etc.

6) Everyone knows him __________ Old Arthur. He lives __________ a little hut __________ the middle of a small wood, about a mile __________ the village. He goes __________ the village twice a week to buy food, and occasionally he collects letters and his pension __________ the post office.

7) This is what old Arthur said __________ himself __________ a reporter __________ the local newspaper: ―I get up every morning __________ the birds. There is a stream __________ my hut and I fetch water __________ there. It‘s good, clear, fresh water, better than you get __________ the city. Occasionally, __________ winter, I have to break the ice. I cook simple food__________ my stove; mostly stews and things __________ that. I don‘t have much money, but I think I‘m a lucky man.‖

8) Recently I came __________ a little group __________ worried people, gathered __________ a man lying __________ the pavement __________ a busy London road. They were waiting __________ an ambulance, because the man had been knocked down __________ a passing taxi. Apparently he had stepped the pavement and __________ the street, to avoid walking a ladder. This superstition goes back the days when the gallows were built a platform. To get up __________ the platform you had to clime a ladder. To pass __________ that ladder therefore was considered very unlucky.

IV . Written work

Suppose you are the writer and write what you said to the tall student about the purpose of a university in about 130 words.

Your retelling should contain three parts.

1. How you came to talk about it

2. What you said

3. What you pointed in conclusion

Key to the exercises

II . Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Exam ine how the words specialize and simplify are formed. Find out the meanings of the suffixes ―–ize‖ and ―–fy‖.suffixes ―–ize‖, from Greek, is used to form verbs meaning:

(1) to cause to be, to make

(2) to become

(3) to put into the stated place

suffixes ―–fy‖, from Latin, is used to form verbs meaning: to cause to be, to make.

2) Turn the following nouns or adjectives into verbs that end with the suffix ―–ize‖ and vice versa. capitalize apology

centralize civil

finalize fertile

hospitalize industrial

idealize real

3) Turn the following nouns or adjectives into verbs that end with the suffix ―–fy‖

clarify classify identify intensify justify

4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese given in the brackets.

(1) fertilize (2) realize (3) summarized (4) criticized (5) purified

(6) qualify (7) justify (8) simplified (9) classified (10) terrified

2. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.

(1) see to it that (2)do with (3)put you in touch with (4)average out to

(5) had no business (6)true of (7)be out to (8)specialized in

(9) are stuck (10)are exposed to (11)averaged out to (12)see to it that

3. Choose the right word and put it in the proper form.

i 1) tell, said 2) tell 3) talking, saying 4) said, speak/talk 5) said, spoke

ii 1) fairly 2)fairly, rather 3) rather

iii 1) sensitive 2) sensible 3) sensible

4. Complete the sentences based on the Chinese given in the brackets.

1) depend on/upon 2)preside over 3)insisted on 4)interfere in/with

5)are longing for/longed for 6)has been concentrated on 7)was agreed on/upon 8)hesitating about/over

9)resort to 10)complaining about, rely on/upon 11)succeeded in

5. Put in the missing words.

(1)varies (2)probably (3)other (4)period (5)reason (6)powers (7)about (8)then (9)take (10)found (11)for (12)mean (13)less (14)are (15)does (16)tend

III . Grammar

1. Complete the following sentence wit one of these ways of expressing future time, using the verbs in the brackets.

1) will host

2) will have been completed/will be completed

3) shall/will do

4) will work, is held

5) will be

6) is going to be/will be

7) will have (been) moved

8) will be

9) are going to learn

10) are going to work2.

2. Combine each pair of the sentences, using the right emphasizing coordinate conjunctions.

1) Both his sister and brother are lawyers.

2) What they lack is not money but experience.

3) They have come to China not only to learn Chinese, but also to learn about her culture as well.

4) I find the new manager neither easy to get along with nor delightful to talk to.

5) You may either write your essay in your regular exercise book or print a copy if you do it on your computer.

3. Put in the right preposition from the list below.

1) as, on

2) like

3) out of

4) For/On, along with

5) By/Near, behind, in, with

6) as, in, in, from, to/into, at/from

7) about, to, from, with, near, from, in, in, on, like

8) on/upon, of, round, on, beside, for, by, off, into, under, to, on, on to, under

IV . Written work

Suppose you are the writer and write what you said to the tall student about the purpose of a university in about 130 words.

Sample:

One day back in January of 1940 , a student came to my office and told me that he had come to college to be a pharmacist. He said he didn‘t see why he should read Shakespeare. I tried, to the best of my ability, to explain what a university is supposed to do. I told him that the job of a university was to produce/ turn out specialists is who were at the same time civilized citizens. In other words, the business of a university is not only to help its students acquire knowledge and professional skills, but also to put them in touch with the great minds of the past. I pointed out that if a person just wanted to be a mechanized savage he had no business being in college.

Lesson Two Maheegun My Brother

I. Do you have a similar story to tell? Is it also about a wolf, about how a dog saved his little master from drowning, about how a horse saved a horseman, about how a tiger rapid the kindness of a doctor who had cured his skin trouble? OK, go ahead and tell us.

II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

? Complete the following sentences with the words in their proper forms from the list below. Write N (noun) or V (verb).

bandage hit waste journey risk camp

(1)You can‘t run a business without taking __________. ()

(2)The secret of his successful business is that he gets ahead during the time others __________. ()

(3)Success is a __________, not a destination. ()

(4)The old city area has been heavily__________ by the earthquake. ()

(5)She has __________successfully across the desert. ()

(6)The weather was fine, so we decided to __________ out for the night. ()

(7)The soldier refuse to leave his comrades. He __________ his head and continued to fight. ()

2) Study how the compound words―snow-filled‖(para.23) and ―blood-soaked‖(para.29) are formed. snow-filled (adj.): ___ + ____ (meaning: filled with snow)

blood-soaked (adj.) ____ + ___ (meaning: soaked with blood)

Put the following phrases into Chinese.

o a state-owned factory

o home-made cakes

o heart-felt thanks

o an enemy-occupied area

o snow-covered fields

o test-oriented education

o government-controlled shares

o a poverty-stricken village

o a student-centered approach

o sugar-coated pills

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3c15703638.html,plete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.

all for the best

at the edge of

in search of

in sth‘s or sb‘s place

to below itself outto quite down

to come into focus

to work one‘s way out of

? Mr. Watson put up a fence __________ his vegetable field to keep the passersby from crossing it.

? Before I wrote his biography, I spent almost two years in the national library __________ information about him.

? The chairperson tried to make the discussion __________ because it was impossible to solve all the problems just in one afternoon.

? He decided to take the job although it didn‘t pay well. He felt it was probably__________.

? It took them a whole week to __________ the big forest.

? When the storm finally __________, they found three people missing.

? Ms. Wu acted __________ while he was away on holiday.

? The people were extremely angry. They shouted in loud protest. It took the mayor 10 minutes to make them __________.

? For days, warships and fishing boats were sent to that area __________ survivors.

? When the moving objects __________, we found that they were only swans.

3.Choose the right phrasal verbs in the brackets and put them in proper forms.

? I felt a sharp pain when the nurse__________ (tear away, tear off) the blood-soaked bandage from the wound in my leg.

? I was walking along the river the other day when I saw a kid fall into the water. I immediately

__________ (tear away, tear off) my jacket and jumped into the river to save them.

? The old houses have been __________ (tear off, tear down) to make room for a new shopping center.

? The sunset was so beautiful in the mountains that we had trouble ourselves __________. (tear away, tear off)

4.Put the Chinese into English.

? 他们把病人的档案全储存在计算机里了。(store)

? 那个盲人夜里演奏的悲伤的音乐能使我们感动得流泪。(move)

? 她把一块湿毛巾放在我的额头上以止住鼻子出血。(put)

? 每次回家她总是先把手提包往沙发上一扔。(throw)

? 和人说话时千万不要用手指着他。(point)

? 侦探跟踪他到幸福街五号。(follow)

? 纳尔逊把我们分成两组后带着其中的一组去了实验室。（divide, take）

? 司机赶快把她送到附近的医院。（take）

? 教师们正在努力使学生接触到世界文学的精华。（expose）

5.Put in the missing words.

Zoos have existed for so long that no one knows the origins of the ones. At one time, zoos were (1)______ to entertain kings, queens, princes and princesses. Today, there are probably over 500 public (2)_____ the world. The one with the greatest (3)______ of animals is in Berlin.

Years ago, zoos always (4)______ animals in barred cages but now zoos (5)______ to keep their animals in more natural surroundings. (6)______ a result, there is great improvement in the (7)_____ animals are treated, housed and bred. One of the best zoos in the United States is at San Diego in California,

(8)_____the climate makes it possible or for the animals to live (9)____ most of the year. As civilization spreads and natural wildernesses (10)______ reduced, zoos have become more important. They (11)______ places where race animals (12)_____ be preserved form extinction.

Game reserves have (13)_____ in parts of Europe for hundreds of years for hunting purposes. Today, (14)______, they are usually places where wildlife are (15)_____ form hunters and can live and breed (16)______ by man. One of the largest (17)______ in the world is the KrugerNational Park in South Africa, where elephants, zebras and lions are (18)________ the attractions.

III. Grammar

1. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets.

? We must read the instructions carefully ___________________________ (在使用这台笔记本电脑之前)。

? I used to cycle to school ___________(天好的时候)。

? Jane was about to say yes __________________________________(突然听见一个熟悉的声音叫她)。? The young man didn‘t realize that money wasn‘t everything____________________ (直到他父亲在一次事故中丧身)。

? It may be years ____________________ (这两个国家才能达成协议)。

? I was getting ready for bed _________________ (听见楼下有人)。

? I telephoned the police__________________________ (一听见可疑的声音)。

? She had just been enrolled by a teachers‘ college __________________________________ (北京大学的录取通知就到了)。

9)You have to work at least for five years in the workshop__________________________ (才能指望提升)。

10）We had no idea what china had achieved over the past twenty years

__________________________________(我们到达之前).

2. Put in articles where necessary. When no article is needed, put in a slash―/‖.

1) __________ corner grocery store was __________ American tradition, but now it is dying out. In

__________ older times there was __________ small grocery store in every neighborhood. Every day,

__________ housewife went to __________ store to buy __________ milk, __________ fresh bread, and __________ losing __________ business to __________ large supermarkets.

? __________ supermarkets are bigger than __________ corner stores. __________ corner store is

__________ family business, __________ ―Ma and Pa‖ operation. __________ supermarkets employ more people. They are newer, more modern, and they stay open longer. They have __________ greater variety of __________ products, and they offer __________ lower prices. Many people miss __________

old corner store. It was smaller, friendlier, and closer to _________ home. But __________ small businesses can‘t complete with __________ large companies.

IV. Written work

Answer the question in about 130 words.

How did the boy in the story get in a snowstorm and how did Maheegun come to his rescue?

You are expected to cover these points:

o How the boy was trapped in a snowstorm

o What dangerous situation he was in

o How the wolf came to his rescue

答案：

Lesson Two Maheegun My Brother

II . Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Complete the following sentences with the words in their proper forms from the list below. Write N (noun) or V (verb).

(1) risks (N)

(2) waste (V)

(3) journey (N)

(4) hit (V)

(5) journeyed (V)

(6) camp (V)

(7) bandaged (V)

2) Study how the compound words―snow-filled‖(para.23) and ―blood-soaked‖(para.29) are formed. snow-filled (adj.): ___ + ____ (meaning: filled with snow)

blood-soaked (adj.) ____ + ___ (meaning: soaked with blood)

Put the following phrases into Chinese.

(1) 国营的工厂

(2) 家庭制作的蛋糕

(3) 由衷的感谢

(4) 敌人占领区

(5) 白雪覆盖的田野

(6) 应试教育

(7) 政府所控股份

(8) 贫困的山村

(9) 以学生为中心的方法

(10)裹着糖衣的药片

2．Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.

1）at the edge of

2）in search of

3）come into focus

4）only too … to

5）work their way out of

6）blew itself out

7）in his place

8）quite down

9）in search of

10) came into focus

3. Choose the right phrasal verbs in the brackets and put them in proper forms.

1) tore off 2) tore off 3) tore down 4) tearing, away

4. Put the Chinese into English.

1) They have stored all the patients‘ records into the computer.

2) The blind man‘s sad music played at night could move us to tears.

3) She put a wet towel on my forehead to stop my nose bleeding.

4) Each time she came back home, she would first throw her handbag onto the sofa.

5) Never point your finger at the person you are speaking to.

6) The detective followed him to No. 5, Happiness, Street.

7) After he divided us into two groups, Mr. Nelson took one group to the lab.

8) The drover took her to a nearby hospital immediately.

9) The teachers are making a great effort to expose the students to the best of world literature.

5. Put in the missing words.

(1) used (2) around/in (3) variety (4) kept (5) try (6) As

(7) ways (8) where (9) outdoors (10) are (11) provide (12) can

(13) existed (14) however (15) safe (16) undisturbed (17) reserves (18) among

III . Grammar

1. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets.

1) before we use the new laptop

2) when it was fine

3) when he heard a familiar voice calling her

4) until his father was killed in an accident

5) before the two countries can reach an agreement

6) when I heard someone downstairs

7) as soon as I heard the strange noise

8) when the letter of admission arrived from Peking University

9) before you can expect a promotion

10) before we arrived there

2. Put in articles where necessary. When no article is needed, put in a slash―/‖.

1) The, an, /, a, the, the, /, /, /, /, /

2) /, /, The, a, a, /, a, /, /, the, /, /, /

IV . Written work

Answer the question in about 130 words.

How did the boy in the story get in a snowstorm and how did Maheegun come to his rescue?

Sample:

When the boy was walking home after spending the Easter holidays in his cousins‘ place, he got lost in a snowstorm and was trapped in the wild. On the third or fourth day, the boy was in a very dangerous situation: it was terribly cold, and he could hardly find any more wood to build a fire. What‘s more, he cut his hand by accident, and a wolf followed the bloodspots on the snow and found where he was. Soon another wolf came, and the two of them were only 50 feet away. Just then Maheegun appeared as if from nowhere. He drove off the other two. Throughout the night, Maheegun staye with the boy, watching for any attackers. The next day the search team arrived and took the boy home.

Lesson Three More Crime and Less Punishment

I. Oral Work

1. Discuss the following question in your group.

It is reported that many countries suffer an increase in crime nowadays. How do you account

for this phenomenon? The following points may be of use for your discussion:

1) the police and court being too soft on criminals

2) the bad influence of other cultures

3) the lack of effective laws

4) the lack of moral control

5) the gap between the rich and poor

6) corruption

II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words " approval' and " nontraffic" are formed. Find out the

meaning of the suffix " -al " and prefix "non-" with the help of a dictionary.

approval: ______+_______

nontraffic:______+ _______

2) Turn the following verbs into nouns by adding "-al" and vice versa. Add more words to

the list.

Verb Noun

renew ______________________

deny ______________________

dismiss ______________________

refuse ______________________

survive ______________________

___________________ arrival

___________________ disapproval

___________________ proposal

___________________ withdrawal

___________________ ______________________

3) Add the prefix " non-" to the following words and then put them into Chinese.

(1) aggression (6) professional

(2) cooperation (7) resistance

(3) existence (8) smoker

(4) fiction (9) standard

(5) interference (10) violence

2. Give the opposite of the following.

1) to approve 11) major (adj.)

2) certainty 12) maximum

3) comfortable 13) necessary

4) construction 14) powerless

5) costly 15) real

6) current (adj.) 16) to reduce

7) decline 17) to reject

8) feasible 18) to scatter

9) harsh (said of punishment) 19) tough (said of a policy)

10) to lock up 20) violence

3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms

due to

to amount to

to have charge of sb. / sth .

under supervision./ under the supervision of

so ... as to

to be faced with

to pay for

the other way around

to get tough with sb.

to work out to

1 ) The city government has decided to build a green area in the center of the city. It will _____ 30, 000 square meters.

2 ) Daisy wouldn't be _______ careless _____________forget her passport.

3 ) Flights were delayed ____________the most serious storm the city had ever had.

4) Feeling sorry for what they had done, they promised to the damaged

ship.

5) Mr. Zhang _______________ the four branch companies in the south.

6) The new director ______________ great difficulties, but he was confident.

7) The customers demanded the authorities _____________ those who sell unhealthy food.

8) Many people believe that population explosion causes poverty. But scholars say that it could be just

_______ .

9) It is reported that the total U. S. investment in Hong Kong _______ $20. 8

billion.

10) After the terrorist attack, all air passengers were ____________.

11) ____________his hard work, he realized his dream and was admitted to the university

at the age of fifty-two.

12) In our city, about 10, 000 high school graduates were admitted to college this year. It about sixty percent of the total.

13) My graduation paper was completed __________________ Professor Chu.

14) In the next five years, the cost of environmental protection projects will_______

$ 55 billion, which is one percent of the nation's GNP.

4.Supply three or four verbs/phrasal verbs, or nouns/noun "phrases for the following,

1) to ___________ a crime 6) to dismiss ____________

2) to ___________ research 7) to gain _______________

3) to ___________ a solution 8) to release ____________

4) to ___________ a threat 9) to lower ______________

5) to ___________ evidence 10) to pay ______________

5. Choose the right word from the bracket and put it in the proper form.

1) I bought this pair of shoes cheap. It only ______(cost, pay, spend) me 50 yuan.

2) He ________(cost, pay, spend) 2, 000 yuan to get the permission to sit in her class.

3) I finished the test paper quite early, so I was able to____(spend, take) sometime checking what I had done.

4) Helen tried to _____ (convince, persuade) her students that it was not a good idea to specialize too early.

5) We tried to _____ (convince, persuade) them to take our advice, but all our efforts were in vain.

6) Kent was finally ____ (convince, persuade; of the need to read more simplified books.

7) He felt frustrated when his application for membership was ____ (refuse, reject) again.

8) We have very strict quality control over our products. Anything that is imperfect will be____ (refuse, reject).

9) If you go and ask her for help, she will not ______ (refuse, reject).

10) I told him not to overwork, but he ____ (refuse, reject) to listen.

6. Examine the uses of "fail" and "suggest" in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words and then make sentences after the models.

A decade of careful research has failed to provide clear and convincing evidence.. . (para. 3)

(to fail to do sth. )

The best estimates suggest that 36 million to 40 million people have arrest records... (para. 1)

(to suggest + that-clause)

Other possible uses of "fail" and"suggest":

fail:

suggest::

1) Some people are worried that the peace move in that area will fail.

2) They failed in their attempt to rob the bank. Two of them were killed and the rest were arrested.

3) Memory failed him when he wanted to give the figure.

4) Her sight began to fail when she was about 60.

5) Mr. Li praised my paper and suggested a few changes.

6) As the matter is urgent, I suggest going there by air.

7) Wang Wei suggested that we should reconsider her offer.

7. Give the verb patterns of the underlined part in the sentences below, list other possible verbs, and then, based on the information given, complete the sentences with the words given in the brackets.

This is why the certainty and severity of punishment must go down when the

crime rate goes up. (para. 2)

The decline has made it easier to gain admission... (para. 4)

Verb patterns:

Other possible verbs:

1) Robert has decided to build a library in his town next year with his money. This is

_______________________________ (what, when, how, where).

2) The two leaders differed in their attitude toward globalization and they finally became rivals. That was _____________________________________ (why, how).

3) In order to win more and more people over, they preached their ideas persistently. That was

________________________________________________ (why, how).

4) We agreed to meet at the entrance of the theatre yesterday. That is

___________________________________(where).

5) —When do you feel truly happy?

—I think it's __________________________________ (when).

6) My grandmother is old and sick. I don't want to leave her alone.

I____________________(feel, necessary)________________________________.

7) Since the new policy was adopted, the central and western parts of China have developed at a much faster speed.

The new policy____________________(make, possible)____________________.

8) Many factories have decided to invest big money in recycling industrial wastes.

Many factories __________________(find, profitable)______________________.

9) We should have a highly developed culture if we want to modernize our society.

We_______________________(think, essential)___________________________. 10) We should see our limitations as well as strengths.

We____________________(consider, important)__________________________.

8. Put in the missing words.

We spent a day in the country, picking wild flowers. Our car (1) ________ like a florist's shop inside! On the way (2 )__________we had to stop (3) ______traffic

lights, and there my wife noticed (4)______cupboard. It was tall and narrow, and it stood on the pavement outside a (5)_______shop.

"Buy it, " she said at once. "Well carry it home on the roof rack. I've (6)______

wanted one like that. " -

What could I do? Ten minutes (7) ______I was ￡20 poorer, and the cupboard was (8) ——————on to the roof rack. It was six feet long and eighteen inches square, quite heavy too.

In (9) _____ gathering darkness I drove slowly. (10) __________drivers seemed

unusually polite that evening. The (11) ___ even stopped traffic to let us through. (12)______ furniture was a good idea.

After a time my wife said, "There's a long (13) ______ of cars behind. Why don't they overtake, I (14)

______?"

In fact a police car (15) ______ overtake. The two officers inside looked at us

seriously (16)________they passed. But then, with great kindness, they (17 )______

us through the rush-hour traffic. The police car (18) ______ at our village church.

One of the officers came to me.

"Right, sir, " he said. "Do you need any more (19) _____________now?"

I was a bit (20) ______________. "Thanks, officer, " I said. "You've been very kind. I live just (21)

______________ the road. "

He was (22) _____ at our load: first at the flowers, then at the cupboard. "Well, well," he said, laughing, "(23) _____________ cupboard you've got there! We thought it was—er, something (24) __________. " My wife began to laugh. Then the truth hit (25) ______ like a stone between the eyes. I smiled (26)

______the officer. "Yes, it's a cupboard, but thanks again." I

(27) _________home as fast as I could.

III. Grammar

1. Combine each pair of the sentences after the model using the words and expressions below.

and (only) to do… so so that

so… that so…as to do… the more…the more…

Model: He quit smoking. His health improved dramatically.

— He quit smoking and his health soon improved dramatically.

Or: — He quit smoking so that his health soon improved dramatically.

1) The boy fell off his bike. He broke his leg.

2) It rained all day yesterday. We got nothing done in the fields.

3) The man was very tired. He could hardly put one foot before the other.

4) The old man walked fast. His children found it hard to keep up with him.

5) The man was badly injured. They took him straight to the hospital.

6) He won't give up his present position when jobs are hard to obtain. I don't think he is that stupid.

7) The professor spoke very fast. None of the students could take complete notes.

8) We found much to talk about. It was late at night when we remembered the time.

9) Mr. Hu repeated his remarks in English and French. Nobody misunderstood what he said.

10) The man went to meet a girlfriend he had got to know on the Web. He found she was his own wife.

11) It's something urgent. Please do your best and finish it soon.

12) The medical team must set out immediately. The number of victims they will be able to save depends on how soon they arrive.

2. Rewrite the sentences as shown in the examples.

1) Using "as ... as"

Example 1: Xiao Li speaks English fluently and so does Xiao Jiang.

— Xiao Jiang speaks English as fluently as Xiao Li.

Example 2: Jane is intelligent and so is his little brother.

— Jane's little brother is as intelligent as she is.

Example 3: She expected to do well in the exam, but she didn't.

— She didn't do as well as she had expected.

(1) Children love Hans Christian Andersen's stories very much and so do adults.

(2) Professor Xu's textbook English is very popular in China and New Concept English is almost equally popular.

(3) A policeman's job is dangerous and so is that of a journalist sometimes.

(4) A society needs scientists and economists as well as farmers and factory workers.

(5) At 60, he is still eager to learn, just as he was 40 years ago when he was a college student.

(6) We expected the film to be very good but it turned out to be just so-so.

(7) He's doing well but his parents want him to do better.

(8) The boys find life at college quite uneventful. They used to think it would be exciting.

(9) The guard spoke politely to the boy, just like a host to a welcome guest.

(10) In old age, a man's life is calm and peaceful like a river running through a vast plain.

2) Using "more ... than"

Example 1: I'm not as careful as he is.

—> He is more careful than me/I am. Example 2: He doesn't swim as well as his sister.

—? His sister swims better than he (does). Example 3: The man doesn't know as much about the Web as his son (does).

—> The man's son knows more about the Web than him/he does.

(1) Incomes have not been rising as fast as prices.

(2) Ten years ago, relations between the two countries were not as good as they are now.

(3) Before World War II, the world did not change as fast as it has been changing since its end.

(4) Fifty years ago, scientists didn't know as much about the personal computer as a high school student today.

(5) Fifty years ago, the world wasn't as crowded as it is today.

(6) On the whole, 30 years ago, people weren't living as good a life as they are today.

(7) How much you will improve depends on how soon you learn from your mistakes.

(8) As you learn more, you will see how little you knew before.

3. Do the following, using expressions of comparison.

1) Interview some of your fellow students. Ask them to compare two persons they know of or two

things/places they are familiar with.

2) Compare the world today with what it was like 50 years ago, mentioning both the achievements and the problems.

4. Learn to use the passive voice correctly.

1) The sentences tell us about the changes that have taken place in your hometown in the last twenty years or so. Turn each of them into the passive form and write it down in the space below.

(1) We've pulled down most of the slums.

___________________________________________________________.

(2) WeVe built quite a lot of decent economic houses for low-income families.

___________________________________________________________.

(3) We've widened the main streets and constructed three superhighways.

___________________________________________________________.

(4) We've steadily developed the service industry.

___________________________________________________________.

(5) Over the years, the service industry has created thousands of jobs for the residents.

___________________________________________________________.

(6) We've done a lot to improve the environment.

___________________________________________________________.

(7) We've moved quite a number of factories out of the city.

___________________________________________________________.

(8) We‘ve spent a lot of money on education and medical care.

___________________________________________________________.

(9) The universities have enrolled more than 40,000 young people over the last three years.

___________________________________________________________.

(10) We‘ve upgraded (使升级) the facilities (设备) of our major hospitals.

___________________________________________________________.

2) Change the infinitive phrases into suggestions, using the pattern "I think something should be done" or "I suggest (that) something be done".

Example: to take effective measures to prevent crimes

— I think effective measures should be taken to prevent crimes. Or: — I suggest effective measures be taken to prevent crimes.

(1) to strictly control TV violence

(2) to provide the police force with better equipment and training

(3) to punish criminals/crimes more severely when crimes/they are on the increase

(4) to award those who help the police fight crime

(5) to put emphasis on rehabilitation instead of on punishment

(6) to make efforts to turn criminals into useful members of society

(7) to give wrongdoers opportunities to start life afresh

(8) not to look down upon lawbreakers who are willing to turn over a new leaf

(9) not to treat released prisoners as criminals any more as long as they behave themselves

Write down more suggestions here:

___________________________________________________________.

IV. Written Work

Answer the question in about 130 words.

Do you agree with the author that severe punishment is not the answer to the problem of

crime?

Your answer should cover these points:

1. State your view in the first sentence.

2. Give reasons for your view.

3. Offer your solution to the problem.

答案:

Key to the Exercises

II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation

1)Examine how the words ―approval‖and ―nontraffic‖are formed. Find out the meaning of the suffix "-al" and prefix "non-" with the help of a dictionary.

approval: approve + -al

nontraffic: non- + traffic

Suffix "-al", from Latin, is used to form nouns meaning "the act of", e. g.

approve + -al ---- approval (n. ) = the act of approving

Prefix "non-", from Latin, usually means "not".

2) Turn the following verbs into nouns by adding "-al" and vice versa. Add more words to the list.

Verb Noun Verb Noun

renew -> renewal arrive <- arrival

deny denial disapprove disapproval

dismiss dismissal propose proposal

refuse refusal withdraw withdrawal

survive survival

3) Add the prefix "non-" to the following words and then put them into Chinese.

(1) 不侵犯（6）非专业的；非专业人员

(2）不合作（7）不抵抗

(3) 不存在（8）不抽烟者

(4) 非小说作品（9）不标准的

(5) 不干涉（10）非暴力

2. Give the opposite of the following.

1) to disapprove 2) uncertainty 3) uncomfortable

4) destruction 5) cheap/inexpensive 6) past

7) rise/increase 8 ) unfeasible/infeasible/impossible/impractical

9) gentle/mild 10) to release

11)minor/unimportant 12) minimum 13) unnecessary

14) powerful 15) unreal 16) to increase

17) to accept 18) to gather/ to collect 19) soft

20) nonviolence

3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.

1) work out to 2) so ... as to 3) due to

4) pay for 5) has charge of 6) was faced with

7) get tough with 8) the other way around 9) works out to/amounts to

10) under (close) supervision

12) works out to 13) under the supervision of 14) amount to

4. Supply three or four verbs/phrasal verbs, or nouns/noun phrases for the following.

1) commit, deter, prevent, punish, reduce (crimes)

2) carry out, conduct, do

3) find, offer, seek, suggest, work out, have

4) carry out, impose, make, present

5) find, gather, give, produce, provide, seek

6) a worker, a class, a proposal, a question, a suggestion, the charge

7) knowledge, experience, strength, weight, speed, permission, approval, admission, advantage

8) a prisoner, a film, a missile, information, news, pain, sb.'s arm, the bird

9) the birth/death/crime rate, one's voice, rent, the interest, the price, the taxes, the standards

10) a debt, cash, rent, the interest, the price, the taxes, the tuition, wages, salary

5. Choose the right word from the bracket and put it in the proper form.

1) cost 2) paid 3) spend 4) convince

5) persuade 6) convinced 7) rejected/refused 8) rejected

9) refuse 10) refused

6. Examine the uses of "fail" and "suggest" in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words and then make sentences after the models.

Other possible uses of "fail" and "suggest":

fail: to fail (vi. )

to fail sb.

Suggest: to suggest sth.

to suggest doing sth.

to suggest + that-clause in the subjective mood

Verb patterns: to be + wh-clause

to make + it + adj. + to-infinitive (phrase)

Other possible verbs: consider, feel, find, think

One possibility of the sentences;

1) what Robert has decided to do with his money

when Robert is going to build a library in his town with his own money

how Robert is going to spend his money next year

where Robert is going to build a library with his own money

2) why/how the two leaders finally became rivals

3) why they preached their ideas persistently

4) where we agreed to meet yesterday

5) when I've helped sb. out of difficulty/when I feel really useful/when I feel myself

needed and wanted/when I am respected and loved/when I have the power and money to do sth. worthwhile, etc.

6) feel it necessary to stay with my grandmother and take care of her

7) has made it possible for the central and western parts of China to develop at a much faster speed

8) have found it profitable to invest big money in recycling industrial wastes

9) think it essential to have a highly developed culture if we want to modernize our society

10) consider it important to see our limitations as well as our strengths

8. Put in the missing words.

(1) looked (2) home (3) at (4) a (5) furniture

(6) always (7) later (8) tied (9) the (10) Other

(11) police (12) Carrying (13) line (14) wonder (15) did

(16) as (17) led (18) stopped (19) help (20) puzzled

(21) down (22) staring (23) It's (24) else (25) me

(26) at (27) drove

III. Grammar

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3c15703638.html,bine each pair of the sentences after the model using the words and expressions below.

1) The boy fell off his bike and broke his leg.

2) It rained all day yesterday, so we got nothing done in the fields.

3) The man was so tired that he could hardly put one foot before the other.

4) The old man walked 50 fast that his children found it hard to keep up with him.

5) The man was so badly injured that they took him straight to the hospital.

Or: The man was badly injured and was taken straight to the hospital.

6) I don't think he is so stupid as to give up his present position when jobs are hard to obtain.

7) The professor spoke very fast, 50 (that) none of the students could take complete notes.

Or: The professor spoke so fast that none of the students could take complete notes.

8) We found so much to talk about that it was late at night when we remembered the time.

9) Mr. Hu repeated his remarks in English and French, so that nobody misunderstood

what he said.

10) The man went to meet a girlfriend he had got to know on the Web, but only to find she was his own wife.

11) As it's something urgent, the sooner you finish it, the better.

Or: As it's something urgent, please finish it as soon as possible.

12) The medical team must set out immediately, because the sooner they arrive, the more victims they will be able to save.

2. Rewrite the sentences as shown in the examples.

1) Using "as ...as"

(1) Adults love Hans Christian Andersen's stories as much as children (do).

(2) In China, New Concept English is almost as popular as Professor Xu's textbook

English.

(3) Sometimes a journalist's job is as dangerous as that of a policeman.

(4) A society needs farmers and factory workers as much as it needs scientists and

economists.

(5) At 60, he is as eager to learn as he was 40 years ago when he was a college student.

(6) The film wasn't as good as we expected. It was just so-so.

(7) He is not doing as well as his parents want him to.

(8) The boys find life at college is not as exciting as they used to think.

(9) The guard spoke as politely as if the boy were a welcome guest.

(10) In old age, a man's life is as calm and peaceful as a river running through a vast plain.

2) Using "more ... than"

(1) Prices have been rising faster than incomes.

(2) Relations between the two countries are better than they were 10 years ago.

(3) Since the end of World War II, the world has been changing faster than before the war.

(4) Today a high school student knows more about the personal computer than scientists did 50 years ago.

(5) The world has become more crowded than it was 50 years ago.

(6) On the whole, people are living a better life than they did 30 years ago.

(7) The sooner you learn from your mistakes, the more you will improve.

(8) The more you learn, the better you will see how little you knew before.

4.Learn to use the passive voice correctly.

1) The sentences tell us about the changes that have taken place in your hometown in the last twenty years or so. Turn each of them into the passive form and write it down in the space below.

(1) Most slums have been pulled down.

(2) Quite a lot of decent economical houses have been built for low-income families.

(3) The main streets have been widened, and three superhighways have been constructed.

(4) The service industry has been steadily developed.

(5) Over the years, thousands of jobs have been created in the service industry for the residents.

(6) A lot has been done to improve the environment.

(7) Quite a number of factories have been moved out of the city.

(8) A lot of money has been spent on education and medical care.

(9) More than 40,000 young people have been enrolled in the universities in the last

three years.

(10) The facilities of our major hospitals have been upgraded.

2) Change the infinitive phrase into suggestions, using the pattern "I think something should be done" or "I suggest (that) something be done".

(1) TV violence should be strictly controlled.

(2) The police force should be provided with better equipment and training.

(3) Criminals/crimes should be punished more severely when crimes/they are on the

increase.

(4) Those who help the police fight crime should be awarded.

(5) Emphasis should be put on rehabilitation instead of on punishment.

(6) Efforts should be made to turn criminals into useful members of society.

(7) Wrongdoers should be given opportunities to start life afresh.

(8) Lawbreakers who are willing to turn over a new leaf shoul4 not be looked down

upon.

(9) As long as they behave themselves? released prisoners should no longer be treated as criminals.

IV Written Work

Answer the question in about 130 words.

Do you agree with the author that severe punishment is not the answer to the problem of crime? Sample:

I don't think that severe punishment is the answer to the problem of crime. But I look at the matter from a different point of view. The author simply believes harsh punishment isn't feasible because it costs too much. My view is that punishment, including harsh measures; is necessary but punishment alone won't help much. It is effective only when governments make effort to wipe out what gives rise to crimes, for example, poverty, inequality, racial hatred, money worship, TV violence, etc. , in short, to remove barriers for less fortunate members of society to better themselves. Punishment can produce good results only when it is combined with effective correctional measures to make law-abiding citizens out of criminals. This is a difficult but worthwhile job. (124 words)

Lesson Four The Nightingale and the Rose

I. Oral Work

1. Discuss the following:

1) The characters‘ different attitudes towards love:

(1) The Student‘s

(2) Th e Lizard‘s, the Butterfly‘s and the Daisy‘s

(3) The Nightingale‘s

2) Is love better than life, as the Nightingale believed? Interview other students. Be prepared to summarize their ideas.

II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the compound nouns from the text are formed. Work out their meanings. Add more words that are formed in the same way.

sunbeam (para. 9) grass-plot (para.14) rose-tree (para. 14) sun-dial (para. 16)

moonlight (para. 26) life-blood (para. 27) oak-tree (para. 31) bridegroom(para.39) 339)

These compound nouns are formed by ____________+___________.

2) Examine how the word " sincerity" is formed. Find out the meaning of the noun suffix "-ty " with the help of a dictionary.

sincerity: ______+ _______

3) Turn the following adjectives into nouns ending with " -ty" or " -ity" and then vice versa. Add more words to the list.

Adjective Noun

able ________________________

active ________________________

available ________________________

certain ________________________

cruel ________________________

curious ________________________

relative ________________________

________________________ stupidity

________________________ capability

________________________ creativity

________________________ humanity

________________________ responsibility

________________________ originality

________________________ possibility

________________________ probability

________________________ specialty

________________________ visibility

________________________ ________________________

4) Complete the sentences with the words in the brackets in their noun forms.

(1) The road to success is always under______________(construct) .

(2) ______(creative) is finding new things or expressing old ideas in new ways.

(3) High__________ (motivate) will always beat mere talent.

(4) Winning organizations will be those that give individuals the chance to make a ________ (differ).

(5) Hard work is the best ________ (invest) a man can make.

(6) Learn to take risks and stretch beyond what you think your __________(capable).

(7) Progress is the __________(active) of today and the assurance of tomorrow.

(8) The Nazi war criminals were condemned for crimes against________(human).

(9) _________(poor) is the root of all evils.

(10) The more a man learns, the more he sees his _________ (ignorant).

(11) Misfortune tests the ________ (sincere } of friends.

(12) ___________(polite) costs nothing and gains everything.

(13) ____________(curious) keeps us moving forward, exploring new ways and opening new doors.

(14) Often those who make the worst use of their time are the first to complain about its

___________(short).

2. Give words or expressions with similar meanings.

10) to pluck

11) precisely

12) real

13) silly

14) to supervise

15) to tremble

16) to weep

17) wretched

1) to chill

2) dear (said of life)

3) delicate (said of color)

4) faint (said of voice)

5) to fling

6) great

7) to nip

8) pang

9) plot (said of land)

3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.

for want of in return something of a

to be blind., (.blue, drunk ...) wjth to be fond of to press agaist

to be compared to to linger on

1) The boy stumbled out of the room, ______________________sleep.

2) She _________her face ____________the window and saw that it had started to snow outside.

3)_________ something better to do, he decided to try gardening.

4) The government should respect people's citizen rights. And the people _______ should give the government their support.

5) In spite of the medicine, the pain _____ .

6) Our exports have increased by 20% ______ the same period of last year.

7) This young man __________ fixing things. He could fix almost everything. He was

____________jack-of-all-trades

8) _______ other industrial cities, this one is the least polluted.

9) ____________a better word, let's call this "backdoorism".

10) Lin Lin is more hardworking __________ many other officials.

11) Her face ___________ cold when she came back through the snowstorm.

4. Put the following into English.

1) 举行舞会8）按下门铃

2）举行晚会9）牺牲性命

3）举行记者招待会10）掐去花蕾

4）埋葬宝物11）穿透心脏

5）以手遮面12）否认事实

6）摘下花朵13）否认指控

7）付出代价14）装满瓶子

5. Complete the sentences with the following phrasal verbs of ―go‖ in thei r proper forms.

to go b) to go on with to go up to go ahead to go on to go together go into n go over to go o to go through

1 ) Don't wait for me. You just ______________.

2) This time, we shouldn't let the chance_____________.

3) The light suddenly____________ when I was working on the computer the other day.

4) The visitors were surprised to see so many buildings___________ at the same time.

5) There is a grand opening ceremony ____________in the Workers' Stadium.

6) In spite of the opposition, he __________the plan.

7) I've ______ her paper. It is full of new ideas.

8) We didn't expect that the time taken for____________ the customs would be so long.

9) It is a long story. But I won't___________ the history of the matter.

10) The color of your hat should___________ that of your coat. This hat is brown, and your coat is red. These two colors just don't_______________.

6. Give the meanings of the underlined parts in the sentences below. Note how the meanings are different in different contexts.

1) The speaker cleared his throat before he started to talk.

2) Suddenly the rain stopped and the sky cleared. We were all overjoyed.

3) Why don't you go out for a walk to clear your head?

4) I'd like to clear my debts as quickly as possible. I don't like owing people money.

5) I'm still not quite clear about the cause of international terrorism.

6) Each prisoner was locked in a small cell.

7) Human brains have more than 100 million cells per cubic centimetre (每立方厘米).

8) Attention, please. Passengers for Shanghai are now boarding on Platform 5.

9) Mary is Party B's representative on the Board of Directors.

10) I pay $350 a month for board and lodging.

11) The boards on the floor are in need of repair.

7. Give the sentence patterns of the underlined parts in the sentences below, and then using the patterns, rewrite the sentences that follow.

"Give me a red rose, " she cried, "and I will sing you my sweetest song. " (para. 14) "Press closer, little Nightingale, " cried the Tree, "or the Day will come before the rose is finished. " (para. 37)

Sentence patterns:

1) If you read Lu Xun, your mind will include a piece of Lu Xun's.

2) If you drink tomato juice for some time, you will not be afraid of seeing blood.

3) If you rest for a while, your headache will be gone.

4) If you give Jimmy too much money, he will develop some bad habit.

5) If you don't improve the quality of your product, you will lose your market.

6) If you don't punish these people severely, illegal trade in wild life will never stop.

7) If you don't take this opportunity, you will live to regret it.

8) If we don‘t stop polluting our rivers and lakes immediately, we will be in deep trouble.

8. Put in the missing words.

Music has traditionally been a recreational activity. It has recently become part of our everyday (1)

__________ , including our work.

It is not easily (2)__________ but it is everywhere. Its influence is very small (3) _______ measurable. Whether in restaurants, shopping centers (4) ________

assembly lines—even farms—background or mood music can be (5) _______ almost

anywhere in the United States from hushed executive offices (6) _________ noisy loading

yard. One hand tool manufacturing (7) ____________ found that efficiency increased

(8 )__________4. 5 % with the introduction of background music. A California fanner

discovered that such music (9) ________ nervous cattle and prevented stampedes (马群或牛群受惊奔跑) that (10) ________ to cause thousands of (11) __________ in

damage. The type of music (12) to have an impact. Department stores play (13)_______ music during the week to encourage (14) ? ____ but speed up the beat on (15)______ when the crowds are heavier. "The music is basically designed not to (16)_______ listened to," says one background music man, "but to (17)_______ a favorable mood or build a tempo to work (18) ________. "

III. Grammar

1. Combine each pair of the sentences as shown in the example.

Example: The Teahouse is a good play. I've never seen a better Chinese play before.

— The Teahouse is the best Chinese play I've ever seen.

1 ) Xiao Fang is a smart girl. I've never known a smarter girl.

现代大学英语精读1课本内容及翻译

Lesson Eight The Kindness of Strangers Mike Mclntyre 1. One summer I was driving from my home town of Tahoe City, Calif, to New Orleans. In the middle of the desert, I came upon a young man standing by the roadside. He had his thumb out and held a gas can in his other hand. I drove right by him. There was a time in the country when you' d be considered a jerk if you passed by somebody in need. Now you are a fool for helping. With gangs, drug addicts, murderers, rapists, thieves lurking everywhere, "I don't want to get involved" has become a national motto. 2. Several states later I was still thinking about the hitchhiker. Leaving him stranded in the desert did not bother me so much. What bothered me was how easily I had reached the decision. I never even lifted my foot off the accelerator. 3. Does anyone stop any more? I wondered. I recalled Blanche DuBois's famous line: "I have always depended on the kindness of strangers." Could anyone rely on the kindness of strangers these days? One way to test this would be for a person to journey from coast to coast without any money, relying solely on the good will of his fellow Americans. What kind of Americans would he find? Who would feed him, shelter him, carry him down the road? 4. The idea intrigued me. 5. The week I turned 37, I realized that I had never taken a gamble in my life. So I decided to travel from the Pacific to the Atlantic without a penny. It would be a cashless journey through the land of the almighty dollar. I would only accept offers of rides, food and a place to rest my head. My final destination would be Cape Fear in North Carolina, a symbol of all the fears I'd have to conquer during the trip. 6. I rose early on September 6, 1994, and headed for the Golden Gate Bridge with a 50-pound pack on my back and a sign displaying my destination to passing vehicles: "America." 7. For six weeks I hitched 82 rides and covered 4223 miles across 14 states. As I traveled, folks were always warning me about someplace else. In Montana they told me to watch out for the cowboys in Wyoming, In Nebraska they said people would not be as nice in Iowa. Yet I was treated with kindness everywhere I went. I was amazed by people's readiness to help a stranger, even when it seemed to run contrary to their own best interests. 8. One day in Nebraska a car pulled to the road shoulder. When I reached the window, I saw two little old ladies dressed in their Sunday finest." I know you're not supposed to pick up hitchhikers, but it's so far between towns out here, you feel bad passing a person," said the driver, who introduced herself as Vi. I didn't know whether to kiss them or scold them for stopping. This woman was telling me she'd rather risk her life than feel bad about passing a stranger on the side of the road. 9. Once when I was hitchhiking unsuccessfully in the rain, a trucker pulled over, locking his brakes so hard he skidded on the grass shoulder. The driver told me he was once robbed at knifepoint by a hitchhiker. "But I hate to see a man stand out in the rain," he added. "People don't have no heart anymore." 10. I found, however, that people were generally compassionate. Hearing I had no money and would take none, people bought me food or shared whatever they happened to have with them. Those who had the least to give often gave the most. In Oregon a house painter named Mike noted the chilly weather and asked if I had a coat. When he learned that I had "a light one," he drove me to his house, and handed me a big green army-style jacket. A lumber-mill worker named Tim invited me to a simple dinner with his family in their shabby house. Then he offered me his tent. I refused, knowing it was probably one of the family's most valuable possessions. But Tim was determined that I have it, and finally I agreed to take it. 11. I was grateful to all the people I met for their rides, their food, their shelter, and their gifts. But what I found most touching was the fact that they all did it as a matter of course.

现代大学英语精读3_第二版_unit1、2课文翻译

Unit 1 Your college years 1你可曾考虑过作为一个大学生你生活中正在发生和即将发生的变化？你可曾想到过大学时代教授们以及其他教职工为了你的成长和发展制定了目标？你可曾注意过你在从青少年渐渐成人的过程中会发生某些变化？尽管大学生很少想这些，但是在大学生时代很可能会发生一些主要的变化。 2在这段时期，学生们正经受自我认同危机，他们努力要了解自己的身份，掌握自身的优缺点。当然，优缺点他们兼而有之，且两者都为数不少。重要的是人们如何看待自己，其他人又如何看待他们。皮尔斯和兰多曾在一篇文章中探讨了爱立信在《国际社会百科全书》中有关理论，根据他们的观点，性格特征是由先天基因（即父母的遗传物质）所决定，由外部环境而形成，并受偶然事件的影响的。人们受环境的影响，反过来也影响他们的环境。人们如何看待自己扮演的这两个角色无疑正是他们性格特征的部分表现。 3学生们经历自我认同危机的时候，他们也开始渐渐独立，但是可能仍然非常依赖父母。这种介于独立与依赖之间的冲突常常发生在青少年末期。事实上，这种冲突很可能因为他们选择继续接受大学教育而愈发激烈。高中一毕业，一些学生便会立即走入社会开始工作。这种选择的结果就是他们可能他们在经济上获得独立。但是大学生已经选择了用几年的时间继续掌握新知并且发展自我，因此他们在一定程度上还要依赖父母。 41984年4月杰利弗·A·霍夫曼在《心理咨询杂志》上发表了《即将成人的青年与父母的心理距离》，文章中他提及了人与父母产生心理距离的四个不同方面。第一，独立处理日常生活的能力，它包括个人独立处理实际事物和自身事务的能力，如理财的能力、选购服装的能力和决定每天工作日程的能力。第二，态度独立，即个人学会正确看待和接受自己与父母的态度、价值和信仰上的差异。第三个心理分离过程是情感独立，霍夫曼将这一过程定义为“摆脱父母的认可、亲近、陪伴和情感支持的过分依赖”。例如，大学生们会随自己所愿自由选择专业，而且并不认为必须征得父母的认同。第四是摆脱“对父母的过度内疚、焦虑、疑惑、责任、反感和愤怒的心理”。大学生们需要退一步看清自己在介于独立与依赖之间的冲突中所处的位置。 5可能大学生们面临的最紧张的问题之一就是构建自己的性别特征，这包括与异性之间的关系和对未来自身男性或女性角色的设计。每个人必须将其性格特征定义为男性或女性角色。这一过程中兴奋与受挫并存。也许没有什么比恋爱更能让学生们情绪低落或高涨的。例如，我曾经和一位年轻的大学生共事，一次他欢呼雀跃的进了我的办公室，面带笑容，声音激动。年轻人宣布：“我刚度过了人生中最灿烂的一天。”他继续解释他是如何与一位超凡脱俗的女子相遇的，而且这份浪漫的爱情与他梦中所期待的完全一致。而不倒一个星期，同一个年轻人却拖着脚步神情沮丧的进了我的办公室。他在同一张椅子上坐下来，深深地叹了口气，宣布说：“我经历了人生中最糟糕的一天。”他和那个年轻女子刚刚吵过架，两人的关系不再看好。因而，大学生们与异性交往的方式对他们的情感必定有所影响。 6于此同时，这些刚刚成年的大学生也在学习如何在成年人的世界里奉献和收获情感。在这一角度上，成长不仅要处理与异性之间的关系，还要处理与两性及所有年龄段的朋友之间的关系。随着他们渐渐成人，他们与异性交往的方式也在发生变化。这时作为成年人他们应该思索如何与同龄人和睦相处并有礼有节，如何与他们生活中的青少年儿童和睦相处，如何与他们的父母和睦相处并表达自己的感情。举个我在西南浸礼教会学院读研究生时的例子，当我刚刚修完一门咨询课程后，我去探望父母。在学习这门课的过程中我渐渐意识到，当我的世界不断扩展，新的机遇不断出现时，我的父亲，一个年过花甲之人，正在亲眼目睹自己的世界在变小，选择在变少。在家的那些日子里，我和父亲几次谈心，共同探讨了我课程的内容以及它如何应用到我的生活中。我发觉自己正以一种不同的方式看待父亲，并且把他看作一个我可以鼓励的朋友。我有意识的去鼓励这个从前鼓励过我的人。我在以一种不同的方式与父亲交流。 7大学生的另一个变化就是内化他们的宗教信仰、价值尺度和道德观念。从出生开始，就有一位或更多的父母成为他们的榜样，教给他们特定的信仰、价值和道德。然而，当他们到了青春期，这些问题却遭到了质疑，在一些情况下甚至遭到了反叛。现在他们刚刚成年，他们有机会为自己决定人生中将会如何选择何种信仰、价值和道德。60年代末，一位生活在极度歧视其他种族的环境中的年轻女子深信自己种族的

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大学英语精读2 课后翻译题答案

第一单元 1.她砰地关上门，一声不吭地走了，他们之间那场争执就此结束。 Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word. 2. 出席晚宴的客人对那个美国人威严的语气感到有点意外。 The guests at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the American. 3. 约翰尼已长大成熟，不再害怕独自呆在家里了。 Johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone. 4. 当全部乘客都向出口处(exit) 走去时，他却独自留在座位上，好像不愿意离开这架飞机似的。 While all the other passengers made for the exit, he alone remained in his seat as if unwilling to leave the plane. 5. 这封信必须交给威尔逊博士本人。 The letter is to be handed to Dr. Wilson himself. 6. 南希虽然很想参加辩论，但腼腆得不敢开口。 While she felt like joining in the argument, Nancy was too shy to open her mouth. 7. 你觉得什么时候最有可能在家里找到他 What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home 8. 猎人一看见有只狐狸从树丛中出现并向他设下(lay) 的陷阱(trap) 方向跑去，脸上顿时闪出了兴奋的表情。 The hunter’s face lit up with excitement as soon as he saw a fox emerge from among the bushes and run in the direction of / make for the trap he had laid 第二单元 1) 会上有人建议任命一个十一人委员会来制定新章程。 It was suggested at the meeting that a committee of eleven be appointed to make a new constitution. 2) 这些青年科学家通过现场观察，获得了研究工作所需的第一手资料。 By making on-the-spot observations, the young scientists obtained first-hand information they needed in their research work. 3) 他很可能会因视力不好而被拒收入伍。 It is very likely that he will be rejected by the army because of his bad eyesight. 4) 委员会成员在新机场最佳选址(location) 这一问题上持有不同意见。 The committee members have conflicting opinions as to the best location of the new airport. 5) 亨利创作的艺术品在许多方面比他兄弟的要好。 Henry's works of art are superior in many respects to those of his brother's. 6) 我们产品质量的稳步提高在很大程度上是由于设备有所改进。 The steady rise in the quality of our products owes much to the improvement of our equipment. 7) 吉姆本想按照自己的判断行事，但他没有这样做，因为作为军人他得服从命令。Jim would have preferred to act on his own judgment, but he didn't because as a soldier he had to obey the order.

大学英语精读第二册翻译

翻译 Unit1 1.她砰地关上门，一声不吭地走了，他们之间那场争执就此结束。 Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word. 2. 出席晚宴的客人对那个美国人威严的语气感到有点意外。 The guests at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the American. 3. 约翰尼已长大成熟，不再害怕独自呆在家里了。 Johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone. 4. 当全部乘客都向出口处(exit) 走去时，他却独自留在座位上，好像不愿意离开这架飞机似的。 While all the other passengers made for the exit, he alone remained in his seat as if unwilling to leave the plane. 5. 这封信必须交给威尔逊博士本人。 The letter is to be handed to Dr. Wilson himself. 6. 南希虽然很想参加辩论，但腼腆得不敢开口。 While she felt like joining in the argument, Nancy was too shy to open her mouth. 7. 你觉得什么时候最有可能在家里找到他？ What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home? 8. 猎人一看见有只狐狸从树丛中出现并向他设下(lay) 的陷阱(trap) 方向跑去，脸上顿时闪出了兴奋的表情。 The hunter’s face lit up with excitement as soon as he saw a fox emerge from among the bushes and run in the direction of / make for the trap he had laid. Unit 2 1) 会上有人建议任命一个十一人委员会来制定新章程。 It was suggested at the meeting that a committee of eleven be appointed to make a new constitution. 2) 这些青年科学家通过现场观察，获得了研究工作所需的第一手资料。 By making on-the-spot observations, the young scientists obtained first-hand information they needed in their research work. 3) 他很可能会因视力不好而被拒收入伍。 It is very likely that he will be rejected by the army because of his bad eyesight.

现代大学英语精读1课本内容

Lesson One Half a Day Naguib Mahfous 1. I walked alongside my father, clutching his right hand. All my clothes were new: the black shoes, the green school uniform, and the red cap. They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time. 2. My mother stood at the window watching our progress, and I turned towards her from time to time, hoping she would help. We walked along a street lined with gardens, and fields planted with crops: pears, and date palms. 3. "Why school ?" I asked my father. "What have I done ?" 4. "I'm not punishing you, " he said, laughing. "School's not a punishment. It's a place that makes useful men out of boys. Don' t you want to be useful like your brothers?" 5. I was not convinced. I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearing me away from my home and throwing me into the huge, high-walled building. 6. When we arrived at the gate we could see the courtyard, vast and full of boys and girls. "Go in by yourself, " said my father, "and join them. Put a smile on your face and be a good example to others. " 7. I hesitated and clung to his hand, but he gently pushed me from him. "Be a man, " he said. "Today you truly begin life. You will find me waiting for you when it's time to leave. " 8. I took a few steps. Then the faces of the boys and girls came into view. I did not know a single one of them, and none of them knew me. I felt I was a stranger who had lost his way. But then some boys began to glance at me in curiosity, and one of them came over and asked, "Who brought you?" 9. "My father, " I whispered. 10. "My father's dead, " he said simply. 11. I did not know what to say. The gate was now closed. Some of the children burst into tears. The bell rang. A lady came along, followed by a group of men. The men began sorting us into ranks. We were formed into an intricate pattern in the great courtyard surrounded by high buildings; from each floor we were overlooked by a long balcony roofed in wood. 12. "This is your new home, "said the woman. "There are mothers and fathers here, too. Everything that is enjoyable and beneficial is here. So dry your tears and face life joyfully. " 13. Well, it seemed that my misgivings had had no basis. From the first moments I made many friends and fell in love with many girls. I had never imagined school would have this rich variety of experiences. 14. We played all sorts of games. In the music room we sang our first songs. We also had our first introduction to language. We saw a globe of the Earth, which revolved and showed the various continents and countries. We started learning numbers, and we were told the story of the Creator of the universe. We ate delicious food, took a little nap, and woke up to go on with friendship and love, playing and learning. 15. Our path, however, was not totally sweet and unclouded. We had to be observant and patient. It was not all a matter of playing and fooling around. Rivalries could bring about pain and hatred or give rise to

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make any sense in the sentence, you should look it up in the dictionary. That's the only way to learn to use a word. 6.They went on arguing for hours. Neither of them seem (to be) willing to listen to each other. I suddenly remembered someone saying "Discussion is an exchange of knowledge while argument is an exchange of ignorance." 7.The situation there seems to be very complicated. The government has promised to look into it. 8.My grandpa seems to be getting better and better, but he still needs somebody to look after him. 9.Economists have already come to the conclusion that the crisis seems to be coming to an end. W orld economy is looking up. 10.When I got well I looked at my bank account. To my sadness, I found my balance was almost zero. All my savings in

现代大学英语精读2课后翻译答案

Unit 1 1.我们像在暖房里种花那样养孩子是错误的。我们必须让他们接触各种社会问题，因为不久他们就将作为公民来应对这些问题。It's wrong to hear our children the way we grow flowers in the greenhouse. We must expose them to all social problems because they will approach them as citizens very soon. 2.随着时间的推移，我们不可避免地会越来越多地卷入国际商务。而冲突必然会发生，因为国家之间总有不同的观点和利益。With the passage of time we are inevitably increasing involved in international affairs. And conflicts are sure to occur because there always exist different views and interests among nations. 3.我们为我们的成就而骄傲，我们有理由感到骄傲。但是我们永远不能变得狂妄，不然我们就会失去我们的朋友。 We are proud of our accomplishments, and we have reason to be so. But we must never become arrogant. Otherwise we will lose our friends. 4.信息现在唾手可得。一个普通的电脑就能储存一个普通图书馆的信息。Information is now immediately available. An average computer can store as much information as a small library dose. 5.那家建筑公司没有资格操作这个项目。他们没有任何法律文件能证明他们具备必要的专门技术。我们必须找一个专门建造歌剧院的公司。That construction company is not qualified to handle the project. They don't have any legal document that can certify they have the necessary expertise. We must find a company that specializes in building theatre. 6.这些智囊团不作决策。他们力图提出一些对决策者十分有用的新主意和深刻的分析。These think tanks do nor make decisions. They are out to generate new ideas and penetrating analyses that will be extremely useful for decision makers. 7.国内生产总值不是一切。如果人民的生活质量没有真正改善的话，我们国家就不能说已经现代化了。The growth of GDP is not everything. It cannot be said that our country has been modernized unless the quality of our people's lives is really improved. 8．虽然那时候我们在很多方面都很困难，但作为孩子我们仍然很幸福，因为有干净的空气、水；江河湖泊里有很多鱼、螃蟹、黄鳝；田野里有花，有树，有鸟。Poor as we were in many ways at that time, we were quite happy as children, for there was clean air, clean water, a lot of fish, crabs and eels in the rivers, lakes, and ponds and a lot of flowers, trees and birds in the fields. 9.只要给某一个人或某一群人以绝对权力，那这个人或这一群人就肯定会滥用权力，因为正如阿克顿勋爵说，“权力使人腐败，绝对权力绝对使人腐败。”Give absolute power to any individual or any particular group of people, and that person or group is sure to abuse that power because, just as Lord Acton says, power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. 10.在我们国家，传统上都认为“万般皆下品，惟有读书高”。In traditional Chinese notion, school education was more important and useful than all other pursuits. 1.总理明天将赴纽约出席联合国会议。The premier is leaving for New York for a UN conference tomorrow. 2.在纽约期间他将会晤一些国家的政府首脑。He is to meet several heads of government during his stay in New York. 3.国庆长假期间你打算干什么？回家还是呆在校园里？What are you going to do during the long National Day holidays? Are you going home or staying on campus?

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