Six-fermions (and more) studies

a r X i v :h e p -p h /0409049v 1 5 S e p 2004

SHEP-04-24

LC-TOOL-2004-018

SIX-FERMIONS (AND MORE)STUDIES

STEF ANO MORETTI

School of Physics and Astronomy,University of Southampton,

High?eld,Southampton SO171BJ,UK

We review the available event generators suited for multi-fermion ?nal state pro-duction in the context of physics studies at a future Linear Collider (LC)

1Why six (and more !)fermions at LCs ?

While LEP1(√

s >～2M V ,V =W,Z )was the arena for four-fermion reactions (e +e ?

→V V →f ˉff ′ˉf ′),future LCs (

√

subprocesses(e.g.,tˉt,H+H?,etc.)and with no irreducible background but have added QCD(and QED)Parton Shower(PS)and hadronisation.

2.So-called parton generators:they can compute both signal and irreducible background in multi-fermion processes(including interference e?ects)but tra-ditionally lack the PS and hadronisation treatment of quarks and gluons.The latter can be further categorised in:

Multi-purpose generators,

,such as:eett6f13,for e+e?→tˉt→bˉb+4f processes,including QCD graphs;Lusifer14,generating all6f ?nal states(with massless fermions),but not via O(α4s);SIXFAP15,wherein all 6f?nal states are available(with massive fermions)but the inclusion of QCD e?ects is still in progress.(A similar code,currently under development,is SIXPHACT16.)The pluses of these codes is that they are optimised for e?cient event generation and that higher order e?ects can easily be included,thus rendering them ideal tools for high precision studies.The minuses are that the number of?nal states is necessarily limited.

Finally,it should be noted that for f=q,where q represent a quark,only jets can be observed,so that gluon?nal states need to be included too:e.g., qˉq q′ˉq′gg and qˉq gggg alongside qˉq q′ˉq′q′′ˉq′′,through O(α4s).Multi-purpose gen-erators can compute these gluon?nal states and also dedicated codes(such as SIXRAD17)exist.Besides,an interface to the PS is required for their phe-nomenological investigations,e.g.,through the Les Houches Accord(LHA)18. (SHERPA has its own PS,via the APACIC++routines19.)

3Current studies

The‘Generators’Working Group(WG)of the current ECFA Study of Physics and Detectors for a Linear Collider is engaged in systematic studies of multi-fermion?nal states following a three-step procedure:1)test of matrix elements and phase space;2)comparisons for physics-oriented observables;3)detector studies.(Comparisons can be automated by using MC-tester20and Java inter-faces21.)Stage1)has now been completed.In Tab.1we present a sample of

2

the many results obtained so far:see22,23and24for setup.The codes display a remarkable agreement thus motivating the WG to moving onto phase2).νe e+e?ˉνe bˉb5.879(8)5.862(6)5.853(7)5.866(9)5.854(3)5.875(3)νe e+μ?ˉνμbˉb5.827(4)5.815(5)5.819(5)5.822(7)5.815(2)5.827(3)νμμ+μ?ˉνμbˉb5.809(5)5.807(3)5.809(5)5.809(5)5.804(2)5.810(3)νμμ+τ?ˉντbˉb5.800(3)5.797(5)5.800(4)5.798(4)5.798(2)5.796(3)

μ?μ+bˉbbˉb yes 3.096(60)e-02 3.019(43)e-02

no 2.34(12)e-02 2.36(10)e-02

23.T.Gleisberg et al.,Eur.Phys.J.C34(2004)173.

24.A.van Hameren,talk available at http://www.nikhef.nl/ecfa-desy/;

S.Schumann,ibidem.

4

another 的用法

1. another可视为由“an+other”构成，但总是写成一个词，不能写成an other；其后一般只接单数可数名词，不接复数名词或不可数名词。another有两个基本意义： (1) 外加的，同样的。如： Don’t say another word. 不要再说了。 Let me have another cup of tea. 给我再来一杯茶。 (2) 不同的，另外的。如： That’s another Story. 那是另一码事。 Give me another cup. This one’s cracked. 请给我换个杯子，这个裂了。 If I were you, I should get another lawyer. 如果我是你，我就请别的律师。 这样用的another表泛指。比较： Give me another (one). 另外给我一个。（表泛指） Give me the other (one). 给我另外那个。（表特指） 2. 在通常情况下，another 后不能接复数名词或不可数名词，但是若复数名词之前有few 或数词修饰，或不可数名词之前有piece of 之类的单位词时等，则可以与another 连用。如： I could go on for another two hours. 我再讲两个小时都讲不完。 I need another few days before l can make up my mind. 我还需几天才能决定。

3. one 有时可与another 对照使用。如： One (boy) wanted to read, and another wanted to watch TV. 一个（男孩）想看书，另一个则想看电视。 One day he wanted his lunch early, another day he wanted it late. 他一天要早点吃午饭，另一天又要晚点吃午饭。 4. 习语one after another意为“一个接一个地”“相继地”“依次地”，在句中主要用作状语。如： Planes took off one after another. 飞机陆续起飞。 One after another all his plans have failed. 他的计划都一一失败了。有时也可用作主语或宾语。如： One after another began to choke, and at the end all the women were weeping. 人们一个接一个哽咽起来，到结束的时候妇女们全都哭了。注意，该结构多用于三者或三者以上的“依次”，如指两者“依次”，则通常用one after the other。如： The boy showed me his dirty hands one after the other. 那男孩把他脏兮兮的手依序伸给我看。 5. one another 与each other：两者均表示“彼此”“互相”，原认为one another 用于三者或三者以上，each other 用于两者，但在现代英语中，两者常可换用。值得注意的是，“互相”一词，在中文里给人的感觉好像是副词，但其实它们是代词，因此它们在句不用作状语，若用于不及物动词之后时，要考虑添加适合的介词。如： We don’t always agree with one another [each other]. 我们的意见并

morethan的多种用法

more than的多种用法 简简单单的“more than”，用法可多呢！ 下面是些好例子： ●A. “More than＋名词”表示“多于……”、“非但……尤其是”如： 1)Modern science is more than a large amount of information. 2)Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too. ●B. “More than＋数词”含“以上”或“不止”之意，如： 3) I have known David for more than 20 years. 4)Let's carry out the test with more than the sample copy. ●C. “More than＋形容词”等于“很”或“非常”的意思，如： 5)In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments. 6)I assure you I am more than glad to help you. ●D. 在“More...than...”中，肯定“more”后面的而否定“than”后面的，约等于“是……而不是……”如： 7)The difference between pure linguistics and applied linguistics is more apparent than real. 8)This book seems to be more a manual than a text. 9)Catherine is more diligent than intelli-gent. 10)Hearing the loud noise, the boy was more surprised than frightened. ●E. “More than”或“More...than...”＋含“can”的分句时表示“否定意”，如： 11)That's more than I can do. 12) Don't bite off more than you can chew. 13)In delivering his lecture, Jason makes sure not to include more things than the students can understan d. ●F. “No more...than...”表示“不……；不如……”，如： 14) I can no more do that than anyone else.

other--the-other--another-与-others-的用法区别、练习题及参考答案

other, the other, another 与 others 的用法区别 (1) 指复数时，若泛指用 other(后接复数名词)，若特指用 the other(后接复数名词)： There are other ways of doing it. 做这事还有其他的办法。Where are the other students 其他同学在哪里 (2) others 永远表示复数意义，且其后不能再接名词。其用法大致相 当于“other+复数名词”，同样地 the others 大致相当于“t he other＋复数名词”： Show me some others. 再拿一些给我看。He died so that others might live. 他牺牲了自己使别人能够活下来。 I was tired, and so were the others. 我累了，其他人也一样。 — He is more careful than the others. 他比其他人更仔细。 Lei Feng is always ready to help others.雷锋总是乐于助人。(3) another一般只能表单数，且其后接名词时也只能接单数名词。但 是若其后有数词或 few 修饰时，则也可接复数名词： Have another piece of cake. 再吃一块蛋糕。 I’ve got another three minutes. 我还有三分钟。 (4) 与 some 对比使用时，用 others(此时与 some 同义)： Some say yes, and others say no. 有人说对，有人说不对。

more...than用法

more than... 与more ...than ... more than 与more …than 短语在英语中使用得十分广泛。其用法和意义并不简单，一不留神就可能用错。因为more than 与more …than 除了具备其基本用法外，还有些特殊用法。理解和翻译时要特别小心，不能一看到more than就简单地按照字面上的意思将其理解为“比……更……”或“超过”等，而是要根据上下文找出more than 短语的确切含义，只有这样才不至于贻笑大方。 more than 相当于一个形容词或副词短语，在句中作定语或状语，修饰其后的动词、副词、数词或名词等。 一. more than 的用法 1. more than 后跟数词，相当于over，翻译成“……多、超过……”等，强调某物数量上超出某一范围。 More than 1,500 people were killed in the earthquake. 地震中有一千五百多人遇难。 I have collected more than 3 hundred stamps so far. 到目前为止，我已收集了300多张邮票。 I’ve known him for more than 20 years. 我认识他已经二十多年了。 Their college enrolled more than five hundred new students this year. 他们学院今年招收了五百多名新生。 2. more than 后跟名词或动名词，相当于over, not just, not only，表示“不只是、不仅仅是”等。例如： She is more than a teacher to us, she is our friend. 他不只是教师，她还是我们的朋友。 Hibernation is more than sleep. 冬眠不仅仅是睡眠。 Wood is used for more than building. 木头不仅仅用于建筑。 Blood is much more than the simple fluid it seems to be. 血液不仅仅是一种外表似乎简单的液体。 My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing. 我去北京不仅仅是旅游观光。 I like autumn more than summer. 我喜欢秋天胜过夏天。

代词another和other的用法及练习

代词三 四、other的用法：other, another, others, the other, the others的用法区别 基本用法 other： other+ 复数名词（ other student s） another： . another +单数名词, “另一个”(数目不清楚) the other： The other +复数名词= the others “其他的人或物”（指确定范围内剩下的全部） others (别人)：其后不能带名词，代换上文中提及的可数名词（复数，泛指） the others：代词，其后不能带名词，代换上文中提及的可数名词（复数，定指）； 考点要求注意两个句式、一个搭配和两个区别 1、两个句式的用法 （1）One … the other … 一个……另一个 ~ 注意：使用该句式时，其前应出现说明具体数量的数词two；如出现的数词大于two，one 可以根据实际情况调整成其它数词；如出现的数词减去one或调整后的数词后仍大于“1”时，the other应变为the others或“the other + 数词”（两个数词相加应等于所给数词）。 There are two apples here. One is for you, the other is for your sister. There are five apples here. Two are for you, the others are for your sister. There are five apples here. Two are for you, the other three are for your sister. （2）Some … others …一些……另一些 注意：使用该句式时，其前应出现说明不定数量的词语；如出现说明具体数量的数词，others前应加上the。 There are many people on the beach. Some are swimming, others are enjoying the sun. Mrs. Smith bought 25 books. Some were for her daughter, the others were for her son. 2、一个搭配：any同other连用时应注意之点： Any others：any同单一的other连用，other应使用others； Any other + 单数名词：any后如还带有名词，用other，名词用单数； 【 Any of结构：any of后的other前应加the，如含名词用other，名词用复数；如不含名词，用others。 Of all the cities in China, Shanghai is bigger than any others. Of all the cities in China, Shanghai is bigger than any other city. Of all the cities in China, Shanghai is bigger than any of the others. Of all the cities in China, Shanghai is bigger than any of the other cities. 3、两个区别：（1）同数词连用时another和more的区别 another用于数词前，more用于数词后。（鞍前马后）

morethan的详细用法

一、 more than 1. more than 可放在数词之前，意为“超过；不止；以上”，用于此意义时可与 over 互换使用。例如： Altogether more than 70 percent of the surface of our planet is covered by water. 整体说来，我们这个星球表面有 70% 以上都为水所覆盖。 2. more than 可放在名词之前，表示“不只是；不仅仅”。例如： Hibernation is more than sleep. 冬眠不仅仅是睡眠。 Bamboo is used for more than building. 竹子不只是用于建筑。 3. more than 用于形容词或副词前，作“非常；十分”解，与 very 同义。例如： She is more than careful in doing things. 她做事非常细心。 In class, he listens more than attentively. 在课堂上，他听讲十分认真。 4. more than 之后接含有 can 的从句时，常表示否定意义。此时，从句中的谓语动词必须是及物动词，并且与句子的主语呈现逻辑上的动宾关系。例如： This secret is more than we can let out. 这个秘密我们是不能泄露的。（主语 secret 是 let out 的逻辑宾语） 比较：less than 后面接形容词、副词时，意为“不；很少；不到”，具有否定意义。例如： a) We were busy and less than delighted to have company that day. 那天我们很忙，不高兴有客人来。 b) The young man is less than twenty years old. 这个年轻人不到 20 岁。 二、more … than 1. more … than 意为“与其……不如……”；“是……而不是……”，常可与“ rather than ”或“ not so much … as”互换使用。例如： He is more like a spear than anything else. = He is like a spear rather than anything else. = He is not so much like anything else as like a spear.

have got的详细用法回顾.doc

Module 4 ＆5需要掌握的重点语法和词组： 复习：have的用法及否定句、一般疑问句的变法。 ①have的意思是：________，它的单数形式是：_______。have是_______词。 例如：我有许多好朋友。_____ _____ many good friends.他有许多好朋友。_____ _____ many good friends. ②把下列两道题改为否定句： 1、I have many good friends：_____________________________ 总结：have 的句子改为否定句要_______________________________________________________________ 2、He has a dog：_________________________ 总结：has的句子改为否定句要_____________________________________ 同样的道理：请将下列两道题改为一般疑问句： I have many good friends：_____________________________ 总结：______________________________________ He has a dog：_________________________ 总结：________________________________________________________ 练习： 一、用have的正确形式填空： 1、He_____two brothers. 2、I_____a beautiful picture. 3、Betty_____ a lovely dog. 4、They_____some friends here. 二、请将下列的句子改为否定句和一般疑问句。 1-3题改为否定句：1、He has two brothers. ___________________________________________________ 2、I have a beautiful picture. ___________________________________________________ 3、Betty has some friends here. ___________________________________________________ 4-6题改为一般疑问句： 4、They have a good teacher. _________________________________肯定回答：_________________ 5、I have some cards. __________________________________________否定回答：____________________ 6、Tony has a sister. __________________________________________否定回答：____________________ 三、请用所给词的适当形式填空。 1、I _________ （have）a brother，but I_________ （not have）a sister. 2、He _________ （have）a beautiful pen. _________ you_________（have）a pen？ 3、Lingling _________ （have）an English dictionary. 4、_________ Tony_________（have）a car？ have got 的用法及否定句、一般疑问句的变法。 ①have got 表示_________________________________ 例：我有一只猫。I have got a cat. have got 的第三人称单数形式是：____________________________ ②have got可以缩写为：_______________ 例如：I have got a cat = ________________________ has got 可以缩写为：_______________ 例如：He has got a cat = ________________________ 练习:请用has got或have got填空。 1、I a bike. 2、He a bike. 3、You a bike.

other,another,others,the others,the other的用法和区别

other,another,others,the others,the other的用法和区别 other及其变化形式在初中教材中多次出现，而且它的变化形式很多，有以下几种：the other, others, the others, another 等。它们的用法现归纳如下； 1.other可作形容词或代词，做形容词时，意思是“别的，其他”，泛指“其他的（人或物）”。如： Do you have any other question(s)? 你还有其他问题吗？ Ask some other people. 问问别人吧！ Put it in your other hand. 把它放在你另一只手里。 2.the other指两个人或物中的一个时，只能用the other，不能用another，此时的other作代词。如：

He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. 他有两个女儿，一个是护士，另一个是工人。 the other后可加单数名词，也可加复数名词，此时的other作形容词。如： On the other side of the street，there is a tall tree. 在街道的另一边，有一棵大树。 Mary is much taller than the other girls. 玛丽比其他的女孩高得多。 He lives on the other side of the river. 他住在河的对岸。 3.others是other的复数形式，泛指“另外几个”，“其余的”。在句中可作主语、宾语。如： Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. 我们一些人喜欢唱歌和跳舞，其余的从事体育活动。 Give me some others, please. 请给我别的东西吧！ There are no others. 没有别的了。 4.the others意思是“其他东西，其余的人”。特指某一范围内的“其他的（人或物）”。是the other的复数形式。如： Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 两个男孩将去动物园，其余的留在家里。 the others=the other +复数名词，这在第2条中已经有所介绍。 5.another=an+ other，既可作形容词，也可作代词，只能用于三个或更多的人或物，泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。如：

英语单词,语法more than 结构用法小结

more than 结构用法小结 英语中more than 的用法比较复杂，它除了用于比较结构外，还可以与名词、形容词、动词或从句等连用，表达不同的含义。下面是more than 结构的一些常见用法 1. more than 结构后跟名词表示“不只是”；“不仅仅”等。例如： (1) However, we must consider more than the beginning of the motion. 然而，我们必须考虑的不只是运动的初始阶段。 (2) Peace is more than the absence of war. 和平不只是意味着没有战争。 2．more than 用来修饰形容词、分词和动词，表示所修饰的词份量不重或含义不够，而加以说明，译成汉语可为“非常”，相当于“very”或“much”。例如： (1) He is more than selfish. 他非常自私。 (2) He is more than happy about it. 他对此事极为高兴。 (3) I am sure conditions over there will more than satisfy your requirements. 我相信那边的条件会极大地满足你的要求。 3．more than 后接单数名词，谓语动词用单数。例如： (1) More than one person has been concerned in this. 这里涉及的不止是一个人。 (2) More than one member protested against the proposal. 不止一个成员反对这个建议。 4. more A than B 结构。用来比较两种说法的正确程度，即前一种说法（A项）比后一种说法（B项）要正确一些，表示“与其……不如……”。在这个句型里，more 后不能用形容词或副词的比较级形式，而要用原级形式，此外还可用名词、代词、动词、介词短语等。例如：(1) He is more good than bad. 与其说他坏不如说他好。 (2) It is more a poem than a picture. 与其说这是一幅画，不如说这是一首诗。 5. more than 或more... than 后接从句，可表示否定意义。例如： (1) The beauty of Hangzhou is more than words can describe. 杭州景色之美是说言所不能描述的。 (2) That is more than I can tell you,sir. 这一点我是不能告诉你的，先生。 （注意：在这种句型中，more than 后常接含有can 或could 的从句，表示“……不能”。）对于下列表示否定意义的句子，有的语法学家认为在than 后面省略了when，有的认为省掉了it，也有的认为than 用作关系代词，因而并无省略。这类句子在理解上并不困难，结构上变化也不大，从实用出发，可将其视为一种句型来学习。例如： a. You spent more money than was intended to be spent. 你花掉的钱比原计划的要多。（原计划要花的钱没有这么多。） b. This is more money than is needed. 这笔钱比需要的多。（需要的钱没有这么多。） c. We often advise him not to drink more wine than is good for his health.

不定代词 other , another 的用法

不定代词other , another 的用法 1. Some people hope to be more successful while A simple want to feel more comfortable. A. the others B. others C. the other D. another 2. I have three pens. One is red, C two are black. A. another B. other C. the other D. the others 3.Mr Smith has two sons, D is a soldier, ______ is a doctor. A. One, another B. One, other C. This, the other D. One, the other 4. Children should be taught how to get along with C . A. another B. other C. others D. any other 5. There are many people in the park now. Some are boating, __D___ are walking along the lake. A. The other B. Other C. The others D.Others 6. The glass is broken. Go and get __B_____ . A. other B. another one C. others D. the other 三单元复习与提高 1.Liu Xiang ia an Olympic winner in the __B_____ hurdles (跨栏) . We are proud of him. A. 110-meters B. 110-meter C. 110 meter 2. –Dad, when will you be free? You agreed to go to the seaside with me four days ago. --I am sorry, Jean. But I think I will have a __B____ holiday soon. A. four day B. four—day C. four days D. four day 3. Enough sleep is good for health. If you _A___ for your favorite TV programs, you will feel sleepy. A. stay up B. set up(建立) C. pick up 4. She needs __A____ a rest, for she is working for over four hours. A. to have B. having C. have D. had 5.He is too young. He is not __A____ to join the army. A. old enough B. enough old C. too old D. old too 6. I must be back home _A_____ 8;00 pm/ A. by B. from C. for D. between 7.We were allowed __B___ here for a little longer time. A. staying B. to stay C. stayed D. to staying 8. The young man was often seen _A_____ by the lake. A. to draw B. to drawing C. draw D. drew ( 题中的主语与动词see为被动关系，而see用于被动语态时，结构为be seen to do …) 9．Our English teacher always tells us a verb must _B____ its subject in number and person. A. agree B. agree with C. agree to D. agree on Agree with ―同意某人说的话或建议‖ Agree to ―同意计划，建议，要求，条件等‖ Agree on ―就。。。达成一致‖ 10. Many students will be _B_____ if the class is boring. A. sleep B. sleepy C. sleeping D. slept 11. All the boys succeeded __C_____ the English examination. A. pass B. to pass C. passing D. on passing

have_got的详细用法教学内容

h a v e_g o t的详细用 法

复习：have的用法及否定句、一般疑问句的变法。 ①have的意思是：________，它的单数形式是：_______。have是_______词。 例如：我有许多好朋友。_____ _____ many good friends.他有许多好朋友。_____ _____ many good friends. ②把下列两道题改为否定句： 1、I have many good friends：_____________________________ 总结：have 的句子改为否定句要 _______________________________________________________________ 2、He has a dog：_________________________ 总结：has的句子改为否定句要 _____________________________________ 同样的道理：请将下列两道题改为一般疑问句： I have many good friends：_____________________________ 总结： ______________________________________ He has a dog：_________________________ 总结： ________________________________________________________ 练习： 一、用have的正确形式填空： 1、He_____two brothers. 2、I_____a beautiful picture. 3、Betty_____ a lovely dog. 4、They_____some friends here. 二、请将下列的句子改为否定句和一般疑问句。 1-3题改为否定句：1、He has two brothers. ___________________________________________________ 2、I have a beautiful picture. ___________________________________________________ 3、Betty has some friends here. ___________________________________________________ 4-6题改为一般疑问句： 4、They have a good teacher. _________________________________肯定回答：_________________ 5、I have some cards. __________________________________________否定回答： ____________________ 6、Tony has a sister. __________________________________________否定回答： ____________________ 三、请用所给词的适当形式填空。 1、I _________ （have）a brother，but I_________ （not have）a sister. 2、He _________ （have）a beautiful pen. _________ you_________（have）a pen？ 3、Lingling _________ （have）an English dictionary. 4、_________ Tony_________（have）a car？ have got 的用法及否定句、一般疑问句的变法。

morethan的用法(北京四中网校-〉名师答疑-〉高三-〉英语)

more than 的用法（北京四中网校－〉名师答疑－〉高三－〉 英语）... 答： more than 的用法 1. more than后面跟名词，意为“不只是，不仅仅是”。例如：（1）Hibernation is more than sleep. 冬眠不只是睡觉。（2）Kate was more than a teacher. She also did what she could to take care of her pupils. 凯特不仅仅是位教师，她还尽其所能照顾她的学生。 2. more than与数词连用，意思是“多于，大于，超过”。例如：（1）I have known him for more than twenty years. 我认识他已超过二十年了。（2）More than ten policemen turned up at the spot where the accident happened. 十多位警察出现在出事地点。 3. more than与形容词和分词连用，表示“非常、十分”。例如：（1）They were more than happy to see us come back from the expedition. 看到我们远征而归，他们异常高兴。（2）I was more than surprised to see the lion standing at the body. 看到那头狮子站在尸体旁边，我非常惊讶。4. more than 与动词连用，对动词起着加强语气的作用。例如：（1）Repeated advertising will more than increase product sales. 多次做广告意味着增加产品的销售。（2）His

have_got的详细用法

__________________________________________________ 复习：have的用法及否定句、一般疑问句的变法。 ①have的意思是：________，它的单数形式是：_______。have是_______词。 例如：我有许多好朋友。_____ _____ many good friends.他有许多好朋友。_____ _____ many good friends. ②把下列两道题改为否定句： 1、I have many good friends：_____________________________ 总结：have 的句子改为否定句要_____________________________________________________________ __ 2、He has a dog：_________________________ 总结：has的句子改为否定句要_____________________________________ 同样的道理：请将下列两道题改为一般疑问句： I have many good friends：_____________________________ 总结：______________________________________ He has a dog：_________________________ 总结：________________________________________________________ 练习： 一、用have的正确形式填空： 1、He_____two brothers. 2、I_____a beautiful picture. 3、Betty_____ a lovely dog. 4、They_____some friends here. 二、请将下列的句子改为否定句和一般疑问句。 1-3题改为否定句：1、He has two brothers. ___________________________________________________ 2、I have a beautiful picture. ___________________________________________________ 3、Betty has some friends here. ___________________________________________________ 4-6题改为一般疑问句：4、They have a good teacher. _________________________________肯定回答：_________________ 5、I have some cards. __________________________________________否定回答：____________________ 6、Tony has a sister. __________________________________________否定回答：____________________ 三、请用所给词的适当形式填空。 1、I _________ （have）a brother，but I_________ （not have）a

other用法讲解学习

在我们平时学习中，围绕着other及相关辨析词设计的考题相当多，实属中考英语的重难点。很多同学由于掌握的知识不够全面，理解不够清楚而丢分。下面从辨析考题的角度以点带题，以题衬点进行分析： I.theother；another；(the)others other后加名词单数时，前面必须有the，指“两者中另一个”，由于是特指，又是单数，需要限定词，因此theother后加名词单数特指“两者中另一个”(单数名词常省略)，常用搭配为：One…，theother…(前提语境表明两者)。然而other后加名词复数时，根据语境，如果有明确的范围就用theother+名词复数(可以省略成theothers)；如果没有明确的范围，即从广义上说的，那么就用other+名词复数(可以省略成others)，常用搭配为：Some…，others…(如中考完形第46题)。Another+名词单数，指“三者或三者以上中另一个”。 填空练习 1.Thishatdoesn'tfit.I'dliketotry______。 2.Ihavetwobooks.OneisanEnglishbook,______isaChinesebook。 3.Shealwaysthinksof______andneverthinksofherself。 4.somechildrenlikeapples,______childrenlikebananas。 5.Thereare40studentsinourclass,threeareAmerican,______areChinese。 答案：1.another2.theother3.others4.other5.theothers II。表示“另外几个……”时other和another的区别 表示“另外几个……”时，用“数字+other+名词复数”或“another+数字+名词复数”。注意：数字放在other前或another后。如“另外三天”的表达为：