语法Lesson5 动名词

语法Lesson5 动名词

动名词起到名词的作用.

现在分词起到形容词的作用

eg.

sleeping dog = the dog is sleeping

现在分词

sleeping bag

动名词

1.动名词做主语,通常表现抽象的动作.表述一种已知的事情或者经验.

而不定式做主语表示具体的动作.表述一种要做的事情,不一定已经完成的事情.通常会用形式主语It

eg.

Swimming is a good sport.

Colecting stamps is a good hobby

2.动名词做宾语

不是所有动词可以接动名词做宾语.

enjoy + 宾语,但enjoy后面不能接人.

enjoy + doing,但不能接不定式to do

后面可以接反身代词. enjoy oneself = have a good time

类似enjoy必须加doing用法的还有:

admit,appreciate(I do appreciate with you help ) , avoid,complete=finish ,consider ,delay,deny(否认) , escape ,mind ,miss,postpone(延期),practise ,confess(坦白), can’t help +doing(禁不住) , imagin ,involve(卷入,牵涉), suggest ,stand = bear , suggest,fogive,keep,risk,etc.

eg.

Did you enjoy yourself ?

2.动名词的逻辑主语

eg.

Would you mind my/me smoking here ?

形容词性物主代词my做动名词smoking 的逻辑主语.

做mind的宾语,其在宾格上,可以用me

His leaving is a great loss .

逻辑主语和动名词做主语.

当动名词做主语,其逻辑主语必须用逻辑性物主代词.

当动名词做宾语,其逻辑主语也可以用宾格形式.

eg.

我不喜欢他们说别人的坏话.

I don’t like their/them speaking ill of others.

I’m sure of my brother’s/my brother passing the examination.

like ,love ,hate + to do(某一次行为) /doing(习惯总是这样) eg.I like swimming. / I like to swimming tonight.

begin , start , continue + to do/ doing 无区别

动名词的用法

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imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推迟 practice 训练 recall 回忆 resent 讨厌 resume 继续 resist 抵抗 risk 冒险 suggest 建议 face 面对 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 keep 继续 例如：Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 你把收音机音量调小一点，好吗 The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. 这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。 b. 有些结构后面能够用动名词作宾语或其他成分。例如：

admit to prefer…to be used to lead to devote oneself to object to stick to no good no use be fond of look forward to be proud of be busy can't help be tired of be capable of be afraid of think of burst out keep on insist on count on

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英语语法知识——动名词

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b. 有些结构后面可以用动名词作宾语或其他成分。例如： 3 ）作表语，对主语说明、解释。例如： Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children. 她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。 比较：She is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children. 4 ）作定语，一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。例如： a writing desk=a desk for writing 写字台 a swimming pool=a pool swimming 游泳池 有些动名词作定语，与所修饰的名词关系比较复杂。例如： boiling point=a temperature point at which something begins to boil 沸点 a walking tractor=a tractor which a driver can operate while he or she is walking behind it手扶拖拉机 B worth 的用法 worth, worthy, worthwhile 都是形容词，意为"值得"。 1. worth ：be worth + n.当名词为金钱时，表示"……值得……" 常见的有It ’s worth while to do./ It ’s worth （someone’s）while doing be worth doing sth. "……某事值得被做" The question is not worth discussing again and again. 这问题不值得反复讨论。2. worthy ：be worthy of +n.当名词为抽象名词时表示"……值得……"

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英语语法-ing分词的用法 ing分词的用法 1、-ing分词的构成 -ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）： 一般式完成式 主动形式doing 主动形式having done 被动形式being done 被动形式having been done -ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。如： Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. 不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。 His not coming made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。 2. -ing分词的一般式和完成式： -ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作；完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如： Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。 3. -ing分词的被动式： -ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间，-ing分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。如：The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。 Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。 注意：在need, want, require, be worth等动词(短语)后，作宾语的-ing分词常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如： Your shoes need cleaning. = Your shoes need to be cleaned. 你的鞋需要清洗一下了。 This book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得一看。 4. -ing分词的语法作用 -ing分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个名词或形容词、副词，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等。 1)–ing分词（短语）作主语： Laying eggs is the ant queen's full-time job. 产卵是蚁后的专职工作。 Saying is easier than doing. 说比做容易。 在下面两种结构中，-ing分词也作主语。 ①为了保持句子平衡，通常用作形式主语，而把真实主语放在句末。如： It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。 It's a waste of time arguing about it. 辩论这事是浪费时间。 ②在There is no结构中，通常用-ing分词。如： There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。

动名词的语法特征及用法

动名词的语法特征及用法 动名词由动词加－ing词尾构成，既有名词的特征，又有动词的特征。了解动名词的语法特征可帮助学习者深入理解动名词的意义，从而正确使用动名词。 一、动名词的名词特征 动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当名词来用，作主语、宾语、表语、定语。例如： Beating a child will do more harm than good．打孩子弊大于利。（作主语） Do you mind answering my question？你不介意回答我的问题吧？（作宾语） To keep money that you have found is stealing．把拾到的钱留起来是偷盗行为。（作表语） No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room．阅览室里不许大声说话。（作定语） 在动名词担任这些句子成分时，学习者需注意的是： 1、有些动词后只能用动名词作宾语，构成固定搭配，需特别记忆。常见的这类动词有：admit（承认），advise（建议），allow（允许）， appreciate（感激），avoid（避免），can't help（禁不住），consider（考虑），deny（否认），dislike（不喜欢），enjoy（喜欢），escape（逃脱），excuse（原谅），feel like（想要），finish（结束），give up（放弃），imagine（想象），involve（包含），keep（保持），mind（介意），miss（错过），permit（允许），practise（练习），quit（停止），recollect （记得），recommend（推荐），suggest（建议），stop（停止），resent（对……感到愤恨、怨恨），risk（冒……危险），cannot stand（受不了）等。例如： We do not permit smoking in the office．我们不允许在办公室吸烟。 In fighting the fire，he risked being burnt to death．在救火中，他冒着被烧死的危险。 She denied having stolen anything．她否认偷过任何东西。 I suggest doing it in a different way．我建议换一个方法做这件事。 2、动名词常用于一些固定句型中，常见的有：It is no use ／no good．．．；It is a waste oftime．．．；It is fun ／nice ／good．．．；There isno．．．（不可以／不可能……）等。例如： It is no use asking him．He doesn't know any more than you do． 问他也没用，他并不比你知道得更多。 It's no fun being lost in rain．在雨中迷路可不是好玩的。 It's a waste of time your reasoning with him．你和他讲道理是在浪费时间。

动名词的用法详解

动名词的用法详解 今天给大家带来动名词的用法详解，我们一起来学习吧，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 英语语法：动名词的用法详解 动名词因同时拥有动词和名词两者的特点而拥有及其丰富 的用法，熟练的掌握这些用法不仅可以使口语表达更地道生动，也能在写作中增分添彩。 动名词主要有四种用法，做主语，作宾语，作表语，作定语，每种用法下又分小类别，是一个非常复杂庞大的系统，学习者们往往会理不清脉络，今天就为大家带来动名词的用法讲解。 一.作主语 1.直接位于句首 eg.Swimming is a good sport in summer. 2.用it作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 eg.It is no use telling him not to worry.

.mportant，essential，necessary等形容词不能用于上述结构。 3.用于“There be”结构中 eg.There is no saying when hell come. 4.动名词的复合结构作主语: 当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构,动名词疑问句通常使用这种结构做主语 eg.Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. Does your saying that mean anything to him? 二.作宾语 1.作动词的宾语 某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。不定式通常指某种特定的动作，但动名词表示泛指，常见的此类动词有： admit,appreciate,excuse,stand,advise,allow,permit,avoid,consider,e njoy,finish,give up,cannot help,imagine,include,keep,understand,keepon,mind,report,risk,mis s,put off,delay,practise,resist,suggest,depend on,think about,set about,succeed in,worry about,burst out,insist on,feel like,be used

(word完整版)高中英语语法全解-过去分词

第7章动词的过去分词形式 动词的-ed形式也是非谓语动词的一种，它具有动词的一些特点，同时也具有形容词、副词的句法功能，在句中可用作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。 一、动词的-ed形式的特征 A．动词的-ed形式是由动词的过去分词构成 动词的-ed形式只有一种形式，即传统语法中的过去分词。绝大部分的动词的-ed形式由动词原形加-ed构成，也有一些动词的-ed形式是不规则的。 1．规则动词的-ed形式 limit→limited（限制） pretend→pretended（假装） escape→escaped（逃脱） provide→provided（提供） refer→referred（提交） drag→dragged（拖） pray→prayed（祈祷） supply→supplied（供应） 2．不规则动词的-ed形式 cast→cast（投掷） spread→spread（传播） bite→bitten（咬） forgive→forgiven（原谅） spit→spat（吐） wear→worn（穿） fight→fought（搏斗） lose→lost（丢失） 3．少数动词的-ed形式作定语时，读音与一般过去分词不同 learned a learned professor 一位知识渊博的教授 aged an aged man 老人 beloved his beloved computer 他心爱的计算机 B．动词的-ed形式的否定形式 动词的-ed形式的否定形式是由not或never加动词的-ed形式构成。 Not allowed to go in, he had to wait outside. 不允许他进去，他只好在外面等着。 Never invited to his party, she got angry with him. 从未被邀请过去他的聚会，她很生气。 C．动词的-ed形式的特征 动词的-ed形式有被动的意思，有时也可表示完成的动作。 1．动词的-ed形式表示已完成的动作。 除了作形容词用的-ed形式外，动词的-ed形式可带有完成的意义，有的同时也带有被动的意义。

英语语法动词及动名词

1）表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2）根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）。 说明：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如： We are having a meeting.我们正在开会。（having是实义动词。） He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。 （has是助动词。） 3）动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（Transitive Verb）、不及物动词（Intransitive Verb），缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。 说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。例如： She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物动词。） She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。） 4）根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词（Finite Verb）、非限定动词（Non-finite Verb）例如： She sings very well. 她唱得很好。（sing受主语she的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings。） She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。（to learn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。 说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式（Infinitive）、动名词（Gerund）、分词（Participle）。 5)根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类，分别是：单字词（One-Word Verb）、短语动词（Phrasal Verb）、动词短语（V erbal Phrase）例如： The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。（contains是单字动词。） Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries. 学生们学会查字典。（look up是短语动词。） The young ought to take care of the old. 年轻人应照料老人。（take care of是动词短语。） 6）动词有五种形态，分别是：原形（Original Form）、第三人称单数形式（Singular From in Third Personal）、过去式（Past Form）、过去分词（Past Participle）、现在分词（Present Participle）。

2020届高考英语八大语法易错点专题02 动名词 练习(带解析)

2020届高考英语八大语法易错点专题 动名词 一、语法专项 1. I certainly appreciate his ______ (tell)us about the delay in delivering the materials because we had planned to begin work tomorrow. 2. These three college students are real heroes because they risked his ______ (lose) their own lives in order to save the drowning boys in the water. 3. I really appreciate your ______ (lend) me the money to help me out. 4. The married couple regularly discussed the life habits they find ______ (annoy) in each other. 5. — What is it that made Peter so happy and excited? — ______ (choose) as a volunteer for Shanghai 2010 World Expo. 6. It is a common sense that ______(expose) for a long time in the sun might seriously damage you skin. 7. Considering his poor health condition,the doctor insisted on ______ (he take) a good rest before going back to work. 8. ______ (expose) to radiation in the laboratory too often caused Marie Curie’s death. 9. The children in Sichuan look forward with hope to ______ (get) a chance to receive further education in their rebuilt hometown. 10. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention ______ (promote) when we talked on the phone. 11. Doctors warn people that ______ (control)anger through unnatural methods is much more harmful to a person’s health than the anger itself. 12. — What was it that made Trump happy? — ______ (elect) the US President. 13. Nowadays some parents regret not ______(spend) more time with their kids when they were young.