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2018高中英语每日一题(第3周)每周一测1

每周一测

I. 阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

When it comes to learning a foreign language, many people wonder if they will be able to memorize enough vocabulary. But this question never happens about their mother tongue, and yet, it was a foreign language once. However, among all the questions that new parents ask, no doctor has ever heard: ＂Will my baby be able to learn my language?＂ Be honest, do you know all the words of your mother tongue? The answer is: ＂No.＂

New words, and new ways of using old words, appear every day. Twenty years ago, who would have been able to understand a sentence like this: ＂Click here to download your digital book?＂ Nobody. You never stop learning new vocabulary and you never know how long you will need it.

Sometimes, you have the word on the tip of your tongue... and it sticks there! But you do know this phenomenon(现象)and don’t think that it is because of a bad memory. You should not give this phenomenon more importance in the language you are learning than in your mother tongue.

You need to learn only 2, 000 or so basic words to be able to create any phrase you need. You can’t avoid some work in order to learn these necessary words and all the more if you want to learn quickly. And before you consider buying into any method, be sure it is right for you. It is not wise to depend on any method based upon mnemonics (记忆术). The first words seem very easy to learn, so you buy the course, but then you discover quickly, though too late, that a dozen words later, it is all the more difficult to learn a new word when you have also to learn the trick to memorize it.

1. From the first paragraph, we can infer that ___________.

A. there is no need to know all the words of a foreign language

B. it is honest to answer ＂no＂to a question you don’t know

C. a baby can know all the new words of its mother tongue

D. people find it hard to memorize vocabulary of their language

2. To learn a foreign language, the author advises you ___________.

A. to remember new words appearing every day

B. to keep up with new ways of using old words

C. to learn at least 2,000 necessary words

D. to pay more attention to your bad memory

3. The author’s attitude to mnemonics is ___________.

A. supportive

B. neutral

C. opponent

D. indifferent

4. The passage is mainly about ____________.

A. using old words in a new way

B. learning new words from the context

C. finding a method to memorize vocabulary

D. learning vocabulary of a foreign language

Specialists say that it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture. ＂Culture shock＂ is the term these specialists use when talking about the feelings that people have in a new environment. There are three stages of culture shock, say the specialists. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. Then, when the fresh experience dies, they begin to hate the city, the country, the people, and everything else. In the last stage, the newcomers begin to adjust to (适应) their surroundings and, as a result, enjoy their life more.

There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs may be different. The public service systems —the telephone, post office, or transportation — may be difficult to work out. The simplest things seem to be big problems. The language may be difficult.

Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock surprises most people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their home countries and were successful in their community. Coming to a new country, these people find they do not have the same

established positions. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity. They have to build a new self-image.

Culture shock gives rise to a feeling of disorientation. This feeling may be homesickness. When homesick(想家), people feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the strange environment, and create an escape inside their room for a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to make the person familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience — these are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock.

5. According to the passage, factors that give rise to culture shock include all of the following except __________.

A. language communication

B. weather conditions and customs

C. public service systems

D. homesickness

6. According to the passage, the more successful you are at home, ___________.

A, the fewer difficulties you may have abroad

B. the more difficulties you may have abroad

C. the more money you will earn abroad

D. the less homesick you will feel abroad

7. The underlined word in the last paragraph mostly probably means ___________.

A. being homesick

B. being lost

C. protecting oneself

D. gaining experience

8. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A. Escape unfamiliar environment

B. The feeling of homesickness.

C. Homesickness can solve the problem of culture shock.

D. The best way to overcome culture shock: get familiar with the new culture. II. 七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

Speaking English is not only about using proper grammar. To use English effectively, you need to understand the culture in which it is spoken. Here are a number of important tips to remember when speaking English in the United States.

Conversation tips.

Talk about location. 1 When speaking to strangers, ask them where they are from and then make a connection with that place. For example:＂Oh, I have a friend who studied in Los Angeles. He says it’s a beautiful place to live in.＂ Most Americans will then willingly talk about their experiences living or visiting that particular city or area.

Talk about work. 2 It’s not considered impolite and is a popular topic of discussion between strangers.

Talk about sports. Americans love sports! 3 When speaking about football, most Americans understand ＂American Football＂, not soccer.

Many Americans prefer first names. Americans often prefer using first names, even when dealing with people in very different positions. Americans will generally say, ＂Call me Tom.＂ and then expect you to remain on a first name basis.

Public behavior.

Always shake hands. 5 This is true for both men and women. Other forms of greeting such as kissing on the cheeks is generally not appreciated.

Smoking is out! Smoking, even in public places, is strongly disapproved of by most Americans in the modern United States.

A. Addressing people.

B. Talking with people.

C. However, they love American sports.

D. Americans love to talk about location.

E. Americans commonly ask ＂What do you do?＂.

F. Americans prefer to make friends with foreigners.

G. Americans shake hands when greeting each other.

III. 语法填空

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Dear fellow students,

May I have your attention, please? Now I’d like 1 (make) a speech here. As we know, waste has become a common phenomenon on campus. Some pour the remains of a meal when there is still much ___2___ (leave); others simply walk away after washing hands, leaving the water 3 (run); students leave the classroom every day 4 noticing whether fans are switched off. Has thrift(节俭), one of the most national traditions that 5 (develop) from our long history gone? 6 so, find it back!

We don’t have to take great pains to control waste, but actions and a grateful heart are needed; thank the water that runs through our fingers, and save it for poor Arabian or African countries struggling in water 7 (short); thank the light we enjoy, because children have to share a dim(昏暗的) lamp 8 (read) in poor areas; thank all the paper we are able to use, for trees are cut down to satisfy 9 (we) needs; thank everything __10__ (natural) can offer and everything we can own.

Live and act, so the tradition of thrift will never fade.

IV. 书面表达

英语作为一种国际性语言被越来越多的国家使用，学习英语对我们来说非常重要，但很多人认为学好英语非常困难，请根据以下内容，介绍一下学习英语的方法。

1. 兴趣是最好的老师，培养对英语的兴趣。

2. 制订适合的学习计划，并严格执行。

3. 充分利用各种资源学习英语。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。

There are millions of people learning English which is regarded as the standard language. Therefore, it’s important for us to learn English well. _____________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________ ____________

I. 阅读理解

【语篇解读】学外语是否有必要记住所有单词？

1. A 【解析】推理判断题。从第一段中的＂Be honest, do you know all the words of your

mother tongue? The answer is: ‘No.’＂可知，一个人既然连自己的母语的词汇都不可能全认识，那么在学习外语时，也没有必要记住所有的词汇。

3. C 【解析】推理判断题。由最后一段中＂It is not wise to depend on any method based

upon mnemonics.＂可知，作者对记忆术是持否定态度的。

4. D 【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了学习外语的问题，人们总是担心自己记忆的词

汇不够，但是一个人即使对自己的母语的词汇也并不能全认识，所以也就没有必要担心词汇量的问题，只要掌握一些基本的词汇就可以了，故D项符合主题。

【语篇解读】本文讲的是关于文化冲击，引起文化冲击的因素有哪些，如何缓解文化冲

击。

7. B 【解析】词义猜测题。此句的意思是文化冲击会让人产生迷惘的感觉，disorientation

是＂迷惘＂的意思，与B选项being lost意义相近，故选B。

8. D 【解析】段落大意题。本段首句说明文化冲击会让人产生迷惘（想家）的感觉，接着

作者介绍并否定那些人的解决方法，最后一句＂Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience—these are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock.＂作者建议人们很快地熟悉新文化、新环境，获取经验，这才是克服文化冲击最好的方法。A、B项只是作者用来阐明自己建议的材料；C项表述有误。故选D。

II. 七选五

【语篇解读】本文是说明文，介绍了美国人际交流中的一些技巧以及言行举止方面的礼仪。

1. D 【解析】根据关键词location可知，D项具有连接上下文的作用。

2. E 【解析】＂What do you do?＂是谈论工作的，在此处承接上文＂Talk about work.＂。

3. C 【解析】根据关键词sports可知，C项承上启下，为正确选项。

4. A 【解析】根据文章结构，此处应当起到提示下文的作用。空格后面一段谈的是如何称

呼别人，故A项符合语境，address此处表示＂称呼＂。

5. G 【解析】根据关键词shake hands可知，G项内容与上文＂Always shake hands.＂衔接。

III. 语法填空

【语篇解读】本文主要是号召大家节约资源。

9. our 此处意为＂砍伐树木来满足我们的需要＂，由此可知要用our。

10. nature 此处意为＂感谢大自然恩赐的一切＂，故填名词nature。

IV. 书面表达

There are millions of people learning English which is regarded as the standard language. Therefore, it’s important for us to learn English well. But many people claim that it’s hard to learn English well. So today I want to introduce some good approaches to English learning.

Firstly, it matters that you love English. Interest is the best teacher. Once you develop your interest in English, you definitely will want to learn it by heart no matter how many difficulties occur.

Secondly, make a good plan for your study and practise it strictly. Learning is a long and tough journey that needs patience as well as methods.

Finally, make good use of all the materials you can get. The knowledge we get in the class is far more enough, so that it’s necessary for us to broaden our knowledge after class by using various learning materials, such as newspapers, magazines, radios, TV, the Internet and so on.

In short, English learning is not a short easy journey that needs our continuous hard work.

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