人教版2020年中考英语语法突破专题——《状语从句》 含解析

人教版2020届中考英语语法突破专题——

《状语从句》

状语从句从字面意思来理解就是句子的状语由一个从句充当，它通常用来修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词所处的状态。状语从句都由从属连词引导，与主句连接，放在句末时，一般不在前面加逗号，从句的意思是和主句一起，构成一个句子，若是两个句子，其中间必须用逗号。（复习时可以考虑把连词和状语从句放在一起复习，因为两者有交集）状语从句根据它表示的意思可分为时间、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、比较（中考基本不考）等。下面我们拣重点的一个一个来分析。

时间状语从句：是由when, as, while, after, before, since, until, as soon as 等从属连词引导的状语从句。时间状语从句中的谓语动词不能用一般将来时，只能用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。如:I will call you as soon as I arrive there.（记住一个口诀在时间状语从句中注意主将从现，即主句用将来时，从句用现在时，中考必考）原因状语从句：because, since, as和for都表示原因。常常令我们不知该用哪个好。我们来比较一下。because语势最强，回答why提出的问题，用来说明人所不知的原因。当能够很明显的看出原因或人们已知原因，就用as或since。如：I don't like that coat,because the color looks terrible. 由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。如：He is not here, because / for his mother is ill.（与连词相关）

条件状语从句：由if引导的条件状语从句。if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句时，表示假如有从句的动作发生就(不)会有主句的动作发生。如：

If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go there by bike.

如果明天不下雨，我们就骑自行车去那里。

If I get there early, I can see the doctor quickly.

如果我早早地到那里，我就可以快点看病。（与连词相关）

目的状语从句：表示目的状语的从句可以由in order that, so that,等词引导。如：You must raise your voice so that/in order that everybody can hear you clearly. （与连词相关）结果状语从句：结果状语从句常由so...that 或such...that引导，要掌握和区分这两个句型，首先要了解so和such后面分别跟什么词。such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。如：The box is so heavy that I can't carry it. （与连词相关）

让步状语从句：是由though, although 引导的状语从句。though, although 和but 不能同时使用。如：Although it rained, they had a good time. （与连词相关）状语从句的考察通常是和连词连在一起的，因为状语从句和主句之间必须要用连词来连接，所以在复习时可以把连词和状语从句结合起来复习

（一）小练习

1. It just isn’t fair________I was working as a waiter last month，my friends were lying on

the beach.

A．whenever B．Though C．for D．while

【解析】本题句意为：这真不公平。上个月当我在做服务员的时候，我的朋友们正躺在沙滩上。表示“与此同时”用while，引导时间状语从句。【答案】D

2. —I wonder how much you charge for your service.

—The first two are free________the third costs $30.

A．while B．Until C．when D．before

【解析】考查连词的用法。根据句意，这里表示前后句之间的对比，所以用while，表示“而”。语意是“前面两项服务是免费的，而第三项收费30美元”。【答案】A 3. Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break _______ she got to her office. A. since B. that C. when D. until 【答案】C

4. The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _______ he wanted to sit next to his wife.

A. although

B. unless

C. because

D. if 【

答案】C

5. You may use room as you like _______ you clean it up afterwards

A. so far as

B. so long as

C. in case

D. even if 【

答案】B

6. Mary made coffee ________ her guests were finishing their meal.

A. so that B although C. while D. as if

【答案】C

7. The little boy won’t go to sleep _____ his mother tells him a story.

A. or

B. unless

C. but

D. whether

【答案】B

8. She had just finished her homework________her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.

A．when B．While C．after D．since

【解析】句意为：昨天她刚做完作业，她妈妈就让她练钢琴。when在本句中作并列连词，意为：and at that time。while作并列连词，表示“对比转折”；after为从属连词

或介词，意为“在……之后”；since自从……时候，既然……

【答案】A

9. —I may go to the market this afternoon.

—Could you please buy some fruit for me________you are there?

A．since B．If C．while D．as

【解析】考查连词的用法。对方只是说可能会去市场(may go to the market)，因此答语中用if符合语境，即你如果(if)去的话，能帮我买些水果吗？

【答案】B

10. Tom was about to close the windows_____ his attention was caught by a bird.

A. when

B. if

C. and

D. till

【答案】A

11. The engineer are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _______ they have the interest.

A. wherever

B. Whenever

C. even if

D. as if

【答案】C

12. The girl had hardly rung the bell _____ the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.

A. before

B. until

C. as

D. since

【答案】A

(二)2019年各地中考状语从句真题集合

1.（2019-天津33）. She was tired. she continued her work.

A. so

B. until

C. but

D. that

选C

2.（2019-甘肃天水）—I don ' t know if Sam tomorrow. —Don't worry. I will tell you as soon as he .

A.will come; comes

B. comes; will come

B.C. will come; will come D. comes; comes

选A.主将从现

3.（2019-甘肃武威）it rained a lot，we enjoyed our holiday．

A.Although

B.Because

C.Unless

D. However

选A，连词

(三)经典例题集合

1.You will stay healthy _______ you do more exercise, such as running and walking.

A. if

B. how

C. before

D. where

【考点】条件状语从句

【答案】A

【解析】该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，从句应是一个条件状语从句，在这四个选项中只有if 能引导条件状语从句，所以选A。

2.---Shall we go on working? ---Yes, _________ I prefer to have a rest.

A.When

B. if

C. because

D. though

【考点】让步状语从句

【答案】D 【解析】该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，只有选though 才能说得通。

3.None of us knew what had happened _________ they told us about it.

A.when

B. until

C. after

D. though

【考点】时间状语从句

【答案】B 【解析】该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词选择。本句的意思是

“在……以前我们没人知道这件事。”要表达着一意思应用“not…until” 这一句型。4.---I hope you’ll enjoy your trip, de-a-r-!Thank you, mum. I’ll give you a call _________ I get there.

A.Until

B. as soon as

C. since

D. till

【考点】时间状语从句

【答案】B

【解析】该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。本题的意思是“一到那里，我就给你打电话。”要表达这个意思应选用as soon as

5.We will stay at home if my aunt ________ to visit us tomorrow.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3e15443630.html,es

B. come

C. will come

D. is coming

【考点】条件状语从句

【答案】A 【解析】考查条件状语从句。分析句子结构可知if 引导的条件状语从句从句部分应当用一般现在时,注意主语为my aunt,所以动词应用三单形式,故选择A 项。6.The police asked the children _______ cross the street ________ the traffic lights turned green. A. not; before B. don’t; when C. not to; until D. not; after

【考点】时间状语从句

【答案】C

【解析】考查状语从句。句意: 警察让学生不要过马路直到交通灯变绿才可可以。根据句意推知应当是“直到......才”,另外注意固定搭配ask sb.do sth 故, 答案为C。

7.I was late for class yesterday _______ there was something wrong with my bike.

A. when

B. that

C. until

D. because

【考点】原因状语从句

【答案】D

【解析】考查原因状语从句。句意: 我昨天上课迟到了，因为我的自行车坏了。故答案用连接词because 引导原因状语从句,D项符合题意。

8.I’ll go swimming with you if I ________ free tomorrow.

A. will be

B. shall be

C. am

D. was

【考点】条件状语从句

【答案】C

【解析】条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来时当主句为将来时态或表示将来意义时，以下类型的状语从句可以用一般现在时表将来：条件状语从句If we hurry, we may catch the bus.如果赶紧走我们可能赶得上公共汽车。Tell me in case you get into trouble. 遇到麻烦请告诉我。

9.In the exam, the ________ you are, the _______ mistakes you will make.

A.careful; little

B. more careful; fewest

C. more careful; fewer

D. more careful; less

【考点】比较状语从句

【答案】C

【解析】few - fewer - fewe是st 规则变化ittle 的比较级和最高级是less, least(后面可以接不可数名词)

10.You should finish your lessons _______ you go out to play.

A. before

B. after

C. when

D. while

【考点】时间状语从句

【答案】A

【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意: 你应当上完课后再出去玩,注意此处应当用before，故选A。

11.I hurried _____ I wouldn’t be late for class.

A.since

B. so that

C. as if

D. unless

【考点】状语从句

【答案】B

【解析】选B。如果用so 的话，应该加个逗号，即I hurried，so I wouldn't be late for class.因为这里原题是一个整句,没有被逗号分开,所以应该用具有引导作用的so that.平时应该注意英语中一些细微的差别,多多识记,以积累语感。

12.When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _______ you have any questions.

A. which

B. that

C. where

D. though 【考点】状语从句

【答案】C

【解析】选C。考查地点状语从句。所以用where 引导。句意；当你看书时，最好在你有问题的地方做上标记。

13.The teacher raised his voice _______ all the students could hear him.

A. for

B. so that

C. because

D. in order

【考点】目的状语从句

【答案】B

【解析】根据句式结构，for 后面要接名词以及名词性的短语，而so that后面接句子。all the students could hear h，im是句子，所以用so that。