ACT写作 冲刺辅导
ACT写作冲刺辅导（1）：解题，素材和行文
1.审题和定题：（1）看清关键词（主体，动作，客体）；（2）划出理由（3）确
定立场
立场：take the middle ground
Some public schools accept free educational materials and technology from private businesses in exchange for allowing these businesses to advertise in the schools. Some people support this exchange because they think it provides better educational resources for students. Other people object because they think this exchange makes students a target audience for the advertisements of products that may not always promote students’ best interests. In your opinion, should schools accept free educational materials and technology from private businesses in exchange for allowing those businesses to advertise in the schools?
In your essay, take a position on this question. You may write about either one of the two points of view given, or you may present a different point of view on this question. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.
2.素材积累和思考：
a.素材积累（1）背景性素材段；（2）论据性素材（个人例子，名言，事例）
b.素材思考和思路拓展的方法：
（1）概念分类法:
1). Have communication technologies improved the quality of
human relationships?
2). Should high school be extended to five years?
（2）反证法：Should high school be extended to five years?
（3）口诀法：
个人家庭学校社会
政府技术环境金钱(PFSSGTEM)
（万用，但不好想）
3.写作逻辑：
（1）多视角（谁）看问题；
（2）正反面（利弊+积极/消极影响）看问题；
（3）立论-反论-驳论(claim-counterclaim-refutation of counterclaim)
4.文章结构
（1）开头：背景+立场
（2）主体段1：第一个理由+具体例子
（3）主体段2：第一个理由+具体例子
（4）让步段：counter-claim + refutation of counterclaim
5.范文解读
Some high schools are structured like colleges in that each student chooses a focus of study as a freshman or sophomore. Students may choose business, fine arts, medicine, communication, or a host of other topics of study and then receive a specialized diploma reflecting the discipline they have studied. Some educators, parents, and students feel that having a focused area gives students an edge over students in a traditional high school setting because students aren’t wasting their time studying information they will not use in their future careers. Others suggest that freshmen or sophomores are too young to know which discipline they would like to focus does not make for a well-known citizen. In your opinion, should schools offer specialized diplomas based on one focused area of study?
In your essay, take a position on this question. You may write about either one of the two points of view given, or you may present a different point of view on this question. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.
6.随堂练习
Educators debate extending high school to five years because of increasing demands on students from employers and colleges to participate in extracurricular activities and community service in addition to having high grades. Some educators support extending high school to five years because they think students need more time to achieve all that is expected of them. Other educators do not support extending high school to five years because they think students would lose interest in school and attendance would drop in the fifth year. In your opinion, should high school be extended to five years?
In your essay, take a position on this question. You may write about either one of the two points of view given, or you may present a different point of view on this question. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.
SAMPLE
Score: 6（开头）
As we progress through our high school years growing with wisdom and maturity, we all yearn for freedom. Yet what we desire most is not always what is best for us. Although most won't admit it, extending our high school career to five years would make an important and beneficial impact on our future. With the four years that are currently provided, there is not enough time for motivated students to accomplish their goals before college.
家庭作业：
1.写完随堂练习
2.把六分开头段改写成你自己作文的开头
ACT写作冲刺辅导（2）：语言和考试技巧提醒
一．语言和写作规范
（1）中式英语之鉴
这个教授教得很烂。
[误] The professor teaches badly.
[正] The professor is so terrible.
练：他唱歌很难听。
真是个不切实际的幻想哟！
[误] What an impractical illusion!
[正] What an illusion!
练：这是个非常精彩的回答！
想让他同意这样的要求恐怕不大可能。
[误] I'm afraid it is impossible for him to agree to such a request.
[正] I'm afraid it is unlikely for him to agree to such a request.
我的学习很忙。
[误] My study is very busy.
[正] I am busy with my study.
练：我很热
要学好英语,大量的练习是必要的。
[误] To learn English well, a great deal of practice is necessary.
[正] To learn English well, one needs to have a great deal of practice.
听到这个消息,没有一个人不感到兴奋。
[误] Having heard the news, nobody did not feel excited.
[正] Having heard the news, everybody felt excited.
Jimmy总爱发脾气。
[误] Jimmy always likes losing his temper.
[正] Jimmy is apt to lose his temper.
推荐书目：the Elements of Writing
避免CG的根本方法：多背经典例句和段落，碰到不会的东西别硬译
（2）衔接词和衔接手段
（前6种归纳常用衔接词和衔接手段，8种都给出例句或题目）
1. 举例论证
（1）such as
翻译：一些学生把电脑来干别的，比如学习知识或给朋友发邮件。
Some students use computers for other purposes such as acquiring knowledge or emailing their friends.
因特网给观众提供了很多话题的信息，比如历史，经济和外语。
Internet provides viewers with information on such diverse topics as history, economics and foreign languages.
同义词：like
（2）for example/ for instance/ e.g. 注意后面需要逗号加句子
（3）…is a case in point. Take…as an example.
（4）列举与详述
Many people find the sportsmen’s rewards unfair especially when comparing the super salaries with other people. （语法错误：比较对象不正确，叙述上不详细）Many people find the sportsmen’s rewards unfair especially when comparing the super salaries with those of top physicians/surgeons or scientists.
2. 因果论证
原因：because, as, due to, because of
结果：thus, therefore, as a result, consequently
3. 对比论述
by contrast, while/whereas
4. 类比论证
Similarly, like…
5. 让步论证
Although/though +从句
Despite/in spite of +名词短语
6. 假设论证
If…/ provided that…/ as long as…
Without…
（3）用词：具体，多样和准确
a.具体：the first problem is isolation. (isolation?); The advanced
technology brings us many benefits.
b.多样：一个词，短语重复使用不超过三次。技巧：同义转换
c.准确：使用
导入：Watching TV too much will result in shortsightedness among children.
Only in this way will we solve the problem of traffic jams.
In these days, companies have replaced telephone with Internet.
这三句话有什么问题
让写作的内容客观而准确：在写出thesis statement时要注意
(1) 情态动词
Watching TV too much would result in shortsightedness among children.
填空：
Sitting in front of a screen for too long ____ be damaging to the eyes of young children.
Various measures that ____ be implemented _____ have an
enormous effect on the problems.
Parents ____ ensure that their children learn to enjoy other kinds of activities instead of simply sitting at home.
总结：表示推测时，语气强：will 语气弱：would, could/can, may…
表示责任义务: should, must
(2) 数量词
翻译：上学对小孩有好处；
Attending school from a young age is good for most children.
他们的职业寿命较短，他们的高收入有一定合理性；
*Their working life is short, and their high pay is justified/ reasonable.
The relatively short working life may be some justification for their high pay.
Relatively +形容词原级
(3) 动词
Boys in single-sex school take cookery classes.
Boys in single-sex school are likely to take cookery classes.
They are independent, which is very important in academic study.
They tend to be independent, which...
总结：be likely to do…tend to do…seem/appear to do…
(4) 副词
频度副词：always; often, usually(=normally); sometimes; seldom/scarcely; never
程度副词：①有可能：probably/ possibly ②通常：generally=in general
③在某种程度上：to some extent; 很大程度上：to a large extent
④在某些情况下：in some cases/ circumstances
禁忌词：definitely; absolutely; totally
练习：
Too much use of the Internet leads to social isolation.
All around the world today, children start school at around 6.
Such measures will definitely reduce the amount of rubbish we produce.
（4）句式多样：长短句交替使用（短句：铿锵有力，用于论点和定义；长句：逻辑紧密，用于举例和细节论证）
（5）格式规范：缩进，标点，大小写，拼写，语法
二．考试和复习技巧指点
（1）背单词：背同义词，多作替换练习，多背一个词的英语解释/同义词
（2）背句子和段落：根据话题积累素材
（3）写作练习：限时写作（30min/400words）
（4）创建个人的写作模板和套路
随堂练习：
Some high schools want to require four years of physical fitness classes for all students. The obesity crisis is reaching epidemic proportions. Many health researchers suggest that inactivity is one ofgreatest causes of the disease. Proponents of this idea feel that taking a physical fitness course each year of high school will help teach students good exercise habits as well as maintain healthier weights. Opponents feel that physical fitness should be the choice of the individual and that a required physical fitness course may take away the option for students to take academic courses, which could further advance their academic success. In your opinion, should students be required to take a physical fitness course each year of high school?
（1）开头
（2）思路+理由
（3）需要背哪些例子