2011届中考英语专题复习十二：交际用语的考点讲解和训练

2011届中考英语专题复习十二：交际用语的考点讲解和训练

【考点扫描】

近年来的中考试题中，对日常交际用语的考查比重越来越大。涉及到在各种情景下的问和答；涉及到英语国家的文化习俗；涉及到口语和书面表达。考查的形式有听力理解，有补全对话，有单项选择，有情景反应，有书面表达。【名师精讲】

初中阶段要掌握的30个日常交际项目是：

1.问候Greetings

a.Good morning/afternoon/evening./ Hello/Hi./ How are you?

b.Fine, thank you, and you?/ Very well, thank you.

2.介绍Introductions

a.This is Mr/Mrs/Miss/Comrade…./

b.How do you do?/ Nice/Glad to see/meet you.

c.My name is…./ I’m a student/worker etc.(here).

3.告别Farewells

a.I think it’s time for to leave now./

b.Goodbye! (Bye-bye! Bye!)/ See you later/tomorrow. (See you.) / Good night.

4.打电话Making telephone calls

a.Hello! May I speak to …?/ Is that… (speaking)?

b.Hold on, please./ He/She isn’t here right now./ Can I take a message for you?

c.I called to tell/ask you…

d.Goodby

e.

5.感谢和应答Thanks and responses

a.Thank you (very much)./ Thanks a lot./ Many thanks./ Thanks for…

b.Not at all./ That’s all right./ You’re welcome.

6.祝愿，祝贺和应答Good wishes, congratulations, responses

a.Good luck!Best wishes to you.Have a nice/good time.Congratulations! c.Thank you.

d.Happy New Year!Merry Christmas!Happy birthday to you.

e.The same to you.

7.意愿Intentions

I’m going to…I will... I’d like to…I want/hope to…

8.道歉和应答Apologies and responses

a.I’m sorry. (Sorry.)/ I’m sorry for/about…/ Excuse me.

b.That’s all right.It doesn’t matter.That’s nothing.

9.遗憾和同情Regrets and sympathy

What a pity! I’m sorry to hear…

10.邀请和应答Invitations and responses

a.Will you come to…?Would you like to…?

b.Yes, I’d love to…Yes, it’s very kind/nice of you.

c.I’d love to, but…

11.提供（帮助等）和应答Offers and responses

a.Can I help you? What can I do for you? Here, take this/my…Let me…for you.Would you like some…?

b.Thanks. That would be nice/fine. Thank you for your help. Yes, please.

c.No, thanks/thank you. That’s very kind of you, but…

12.请求允许和应答Asking for permission and responses

a.May I…?Can/Could I…?

b.Yes/Certainly. Yes, do please. Of course (you may). That’s Ok/all right.

c.I’m sorry, but…You’d better not.

13.表示同意和不同意Expressing agreement and disagreement

a.Certainly/Sure/Of course. Yes, please. Yes, I think so.

b.That’s true/OK.That’s a good idea.I agree (with you).

c.No, I don’t think so.I’m afraid not.I really can’t agree with you.

14.表示肯定和不肯定Expressing certainty and uncertainty

a.I’m sure.I’m sure (that) …

b.I’m not sure.I’m not sure whether/if…

c.Maybe/Perhaps

15.喜好和厌恶Likes and dislikes

a.I like/love… (very much).I like/love to…

b.I don’t like (to) …I hate (to) …

16.谈论天气Talking about the weather

a.What’s the weather like today?How’s the weather in…?

b.It’s fine/cloudy/windy/rainy, et

c.It’s rather warm/cold/hot/etc. today, isn’t it?

17.购物Shopping

a.What can I do for you? May/Can I help you?

b.I want/I’d like…How much is it? That’s too much/expensive, I’m afraid.That’s fine. I’ll take i t.

Let me have…kilo/box, etc.

c.How many/much do you want? What colour/size/kind do you want?

d.Do you have any other kind/size/colour,etc.?

18.问路和应答Asking the way and responses

a.Excuse me. Where’s the men’s/ladies’ room?Excuse me, can you tell me the way to…?

How can I get to…? I don’t know the way.

b.Go down this street. Turn right/left at the first/second crossing. It’s about …metres from here.

19.问时间或日期和应答Asking the time or date and responses

a.What day is (it) today? What’s the date today?What time is it? What’s the time, please?

b.It’s Monday/Tuesday, et

c.It’s January 10th. It’s five o,clock/half past five/a quarter to five/five thirty, etc.

It’s time for…

20.请求Requests

a.Can/Could you…for me?Will/would you please…?May I have…?

b.Please giv e/pass me…Please wait (here/a moment). Please wait for your turn. Please stand in line/line up.

Please hurry.

c.Don’t rush/crow

d.No noise, pleas

e. No smoking, please.

21.劝告和建议Advice and suggestions

a.You’d better…You should…You need (to)…

b.Shall we…? Let’s…What /How about…?

22.禁止和警告Prohibition and warnings

a.You can’t/mustn’t…If you…, you’ll…

b.Take care ! Be careful ! Look out !

23.表示感情Expressing certain emotions

a.喜悦Pleasure, joy

I’m glad/pleased/happy to…That’s nice.That’s wonderful/grea t.

b.焦虑Anxiety

What’s wrong?What’s the matter (with you)?I’m/He’s/She’s worried.Oh, what shall I/we do?

c.惊奇Surprise

Really? Oh dear? Is that so?

24.就餐Taking meals

a.What would you like to have? Would you like something to eat/drink?

b.I’d like…W ould you like some more…?Help yourself to some…

c.Thank you. I’ve had enough/Just a little, please.

25.约会Making appointments

a.Are you free this afternoon/evening? How about tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening? Shall we meet at 4: 30 at…?

b.Yes, that’s a ll right. Yes, I’ll be free then.

c.No, I won’t be free then. But I’ll be free…All right. See you then.

26.传递信息Passing on a message

a.Will you please give this note/message to…?

b.asked me to give you this note.

c.Thanks for the message.

27.看病Seeing the doctor

a.There’s something wrong with…I’ve got a cough.I feel terrible(bad). I don’t feel well.I’ve got a pain here.

This place hurts.

b.Take this medicine three times a day. Drink plenty of water and have a good rest. It’s nothing serious.

You’ll be right/well soon.

28.求救Calling for help

a.Help!

b.What’s the matter?

29.语言困难Language difficulties

Pardon. Please say that again/more slowly. What do you mean by…?I’m sorry I can’t follow you.

I’m sorry I know only a little English.

30.常见的标志和说明Some common signs and instructions

BUSINESS HOURS FRAGILE OFFICE HOURS THIS SIDE UP OPEN MENU CLOSED

NO SMOKING PULL NO PARKING PUSH NO PHOTOS ON DANGER! OFF PLAY ENTRANCE STOP EXIT PAUSE INSTRUCTIONS

【中考范例】

1.---Would you like to go out for a walk with us? ---_________, but I must finish my homework first.

A. Of course not

B. That’s all right

C. I’d love to

D. Yes, I do

【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是如何婉拒别人的邀请。对方邀请出去散步，但因为要做家庭作业而婉言拒绝。符合这一情景的答语只有C。

2.---I haven’t seen Jack for three days. Is he ill?---________. His mother told me that he was in hospital.

A. I am afraid so

B. I hope not

C. I don’t expect

D. I am afraid not

【解析】答案：A。该题考查的是如何回答别人的询问。对方询问某人是否有病，由于答话人已经知道某人有病（从后一句答语可知），只能给出肯定回答。

3.---Thank you for your delicious dinner. ---__________.

A. Don’t say that

B. It’s nothing

C. I don’t think so

D. I’m glad you enjoyed it

【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是如何回答别人的感谢和赞扬。说英语国家的人在回答别人的感谢和赞扬时与中国人的习惯不同, 他们不是自我谦虚，而是表示高兴。

4.Turn the box over, please. Can’t you see the words “________”?

A. DANGER

B. MENU

C. THIS SIDE UP

D. FRAGILE

【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是常用英语标志和说明。只有看到箱子上有“THIS SIDE UP”这样的标志，才能发现箱子放倒了，才会让对方把箱子反过来。

【满分演练】

一. 单项选择

1. ---I hope you don’t mind my pointing out your mistakes.----_________ .

A. Not at all

B. You’re welcome

C. Of course

D. It’s a pleasure

2. ---I’m sorry. I’ve broken your cup.---_______ .

A. It doesn’t matter

B. Thank you

C. Not at all

D. Excuse me

3. ---Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow? ---_________

A. It doesn’t matter.

B. That’s nothing.

C. Good idea!

D. You’re welcome.

4. ---Will you go shopping together with us this Sunday, Jenny? ---Yes, __________.

A. I do

B. I’d like to

C. I’d love to do

D. I’m busy

5. ---What a nice meal! Thank you for having us. ---________.

A. It doesn’t matter

B. It was a pleasure

C. Not nice enough

D. With pleasure

6. --Wish you a happy New Year! ---________.

A. The same to you

B. You do too

C. The same as you

D. You have it too

7. ---Hello. May I speak to Tom Smith? ---Yes. _______.

A. My name’s Tom Smith

B. I’m Tom Smith

C. This is Tom Smith

D. Tom Smith’s me

8. ---What are Johnson’s family like?---____________.

A. His family is just like mine

B. They all like sports and games

C. Oh, it’s really a big one

D. They are all warm-hearted and helpful

9. ---Do you mind if I open the door? ---_______.

A. No, of course not

B. Yes, please

C. Yes, you can

D. No, you can’t open it

10.---Help yourself to some fruit. ---__________

A. Thank you.

B. Yes, I like it very much.

C. OK. It’s nothing serious.

D. Really?

二. 交际英语

1. ------Hold on, please.

A. Are you Bruce, please

B. Who are you

C. Are you at home, Bruce

2. ------________________.

A. Don’t ask me

B. Sure. You can take the No.3 bus

C. You’re welcome

3. ---Oh, what a nice picture! Yo---________________.

A. Yes, it’s very bad

B. Yours is good

C. Of course not

4. ------_________________.

A. I’ve got a headache

B. She’ll take some medicine

C. I’ve got a new bike

5. ------________________.

A. You are happy

B. The same to you

C. Happy birthday

6. --- ---

A. I like the weather

B. It’s sunny

C. I don’t like the weather

D. It’s rain

7. --- ---It’s Saturday.

A. What’s the date

B. What time is it

C. What day is it today

8. --- ---__________________.

A. I’d love to. But I’m afraid I can’t

B. Yes, I can’t

C. No, I would

D. Yes, I wouldn’t

9. ------__________________.

D. I’d like to buy a pair of shoes of my daughter

10. ------__________________.

A. Congratulations!

B. Bad luck!

C. Thank you for telling me.

D. It’s nothing.

三. 补全对话

John: Hello, Jim. May I come in?

Jim: Oh, hello, John. Yes, come in, please.

John: You don’t look well. What’s the matter?

Jim: __1__

John: Oh dear! Why don’t you go to bed for a rest?

Jim: __2__

John: shall I call him and tell him you’re ill?

Jim: __3__

John: OK. I’ll do that. I’m going to the shops now. Can I get you some medicice?

Jim: __4__

John: Yes, of course. Is there anything else I can do?

Jim: __5__

John: see you later then. Take care!

A. Oh, yes, please. His number is in the phone book.

B. No, I’ll be all right. Thanks for your help.

C. My head hurts and I feel really hot.

D. Could you buy me a bottle of aspirin,please?

E. It doesn’t hurt very much.

F. I can’t. I will play ping-pong with our teacher this afternoon.

G. Do you think it’s a good idea?

【练习答案】

一. 1.A 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.A

二.1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.D 10.A

三. 1.C 2.F 3.A 4.D 5.B

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