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解答语法填空题就这么几招(新)

解答语法填空题就这么几招(新)
解答语法填空题就这么几招(新)

解答语法填空题就这么几招

命题形式

(1)给出单词:包括动词的时态语态、非谓语动词、词类词义转换等,解题时只需根据情况变化词形。从2007-2010年的高考题来看,这类题都是3-4个小题。

(2)没有提示:主要是要求考生填连词(包括主从复合句和并列复合句的连词)、冠词、介词、代词(包括人称代词、反身代词和不定代词等)、形容词和副词的比较等级等。从2007-2010年的高考题来看,都是6-7个小题。

解题密招

1. 既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法,那么,我们在解题前,应快速浏览短文,把握全文大意,这一步非常重要。

2. 纯空格试题,首先分析句子结构确定填哪类词:

(1)缺主语或宾语,一定是填代词或名词(多考代词);

(2)名词前面,若没有限定词,很可能是填冠词或some, any, other(s), another等限定词;

(3)在句子不缺主语、宾语或表语的情况下,名词或代词前面,一定是填介词;

(4)若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词,可能是填连词;

(5)若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,一定是填连词;

(6)若结构较完整,空格后的谓语动词是原形,特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时,很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等);

(7)若缺状语,一定是填副词(在纯空中考的可能性不大,即使考,也是些常见的简短的副词);

(8)在冠词后,一定是名词或one(s), other(s)等代词。

然后,根据句子的意思,确定具体填什么词;根据两句间的逻辑关系确定用具体哪个连词。

3. 给出了动词的试题,首先要确定是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。

(1)若句中没有别的谓语动词,所给动词就是谓语动词;

(2)若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。

若是谓动词,就要考虑时态语态;是非谓语动词就要确定用ing形式、ed形式,还是用不定式形式,确定的方法有:

(1)作主语或宾语,通常用ing形式,有时也可用不定式;

(2)作目的状语、结果状语、情感形容词或动词后的原因状语,一般用不定式;

(3)若判断用分词,与逻辑主语是主动关系用ing形式,是被动关系用—ed形式;

若命题者仍局限于一空只填一词,我们只需根据与逻辑主语的关系确定用ing形式还是ed 形式就可以了。

3. 词类转换题,根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式:

(1)作表语、定语或补语,用形容词形式;

(2)作主语或宾语,用名词形式;

(3)冠词或形容词性物主代词后,用名词形式;

(4)作状语,用副词形式。

4. 词义转换题,主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词,需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系,在词根前加un—, im—等,在词根后加—less等。

5. 在解题过程中要先易后难,难题在大部分空格填好后,再经过仔细推敲,难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后,把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。

解答语法填空题的八条思路

要做好语法填空题,理解短文是解题的前提,扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础,英语国家背景知识是必要的补充。现以下题为例,谈谈语法填空题的解题思路。

阅读下面短文,根据上下文填入适当的词语,或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空:

A proverb says, “Time is money”. But in my opinion, time is even 1 prec ious than money. Why? 2 when money is spent, we can earn it back. However, wh en time is 3 , it will never return.

4 is known to all that the time we can use is limited. Therefore we should

make 5 use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in 6 fu ture.

But it is a pity that there are a lot of people 7 do not realize the value of time. They 8 their precious time smoking, drinking and playing.

In a word, we should form the good habit of 9 (save) time. Do not put off w hat can be done today 10 tomorrow.

1. 根据语法知识进行填充

第1题,由than可知,precious要用比较级,多音节形容词的比较级在前面加more,故此题答案为more。

第7题,因there are…是个句子,do not…应是一个定语从句,缺主语,先行词是人,应填who。

2. 根据逻辑关系进行填充

就是根据上下文的逻辑关系来解题。

第2题,因前句用Why提问,应当用Because来回答,故此题答案是Because。

3. 根据语篇标志进行填充

语篇是指比单个句子长的语言单位(句群、段落、篇章等)。语篇间往往有标明内在联系的词,我们称这些词为“语篇标志词”。如表示结构层次的有first, second, third, finally等;表示逻辑关系的有thus,therefore,so等;表示转折关系或变换话题的有however, but, by the way等。“语篇标志词”对迅速理清文章的脉络,弄清上下文关系很有帮助。

第3题,由However可知,是指当时间失去的时候,表示“失去”是gone。

第5题,由Therefore可知,应充分利用时间,故用形容词full来修饰名词use。

4. 根据固定词组进行填充

熟练掌握一些常见的词组,如as a matter of, be proud of, by the way, come from, congratulate…on…, devote…to…, earn one’s living, keep one’s word, make up one’s mind等,对解题很有帮助。

第6题,表示“在将来”是固定词组in the future。

5. 根据句型搭配进行填充

就是根据一些常用的句型搭配,如so/such…that…, it is…(for sb.) to do sth., There is no doubt that…, there is no sense in doing sth.等来解题。

第4题,作形式主语,用It,真正的主语是后面的that从句。

6. 根据词汇知识进行填充

指根据某些词语在用法上的特殊搭配来解题。如下列各类动词必须牢记:只能接动词的-ing 形式作宾语的动词,只能接to do作宾语的动词,接to do作补语的动词,接do作补语的动词,接doing或done作补语的动词,对句式搭配要求较为特别的词语,等等。

第8题,由time smoking可想到是spend time (in) doing句型,这是由spend的用法特别所决定的;这里是一般现在时,主语是复数,填spend。

第9题,因of是介词,介词后的动词通常要用-ing形式,故填saving。

7. 根据生活常识进行填充

第10题,结合生活常识,不难理解句意为“不要把今天能做的事推迟到明天去做”,答案自然是表示“直到”的until/till。

8. 根据文化背景进行填充就是根据英语国家的文化背景知识来解题。

如After the flood Mr. Deng was as poor as a church_______.

这句话的意思是“水灾后邓先生一贫如洗了”。as poor as a church mouse(一贫如洗),所以填mouse。

又如Nobody wants to go out, for it is raining cats and ______ now.

这句话的意思是“因为外面大雨滂沱,没有人想出去”。It rains cats and dogs.是“大雨滂沱”之意,故此处填dogs。

当然,上述的解题思路不可能万试万灵。扎实的语言知识和综合语言运用能力才是解题根本。除掌握解题技巧外,建议同学们做到:(1)系统复习语法知识。(2)熟练掌握课标词汇。(3)坚持每天练习一篇。

语法填空题的解题技巧20

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