英语国际音标表
单元音:
1. [ i: ]
e he me we she
ee feet see wheel bee
ea tea sea beach ease
ie piece niece belief thief
Read the following words and sentences aloud:
tree sheep teach meat eat speed each season keep
Each of the three will agree to have some meat and tea
He needs to eat peas(豌豆)and beans for his meal.
2. [ i ]
i sit bit pig milk
e beside excuse eraser pretty
ay Sunday Monday holiday Tuesday
ey money monkey volleyball honey
y study city busy only
Read the following words and sentences aloud:
lip miss decide very is it taxi ink
a big ship fifty pigs a happy family six film
His little sister is eating meat and drinking milk.
It is a pity that Tim is sick.
Dick lives in a big city.
A lazy monkey is sitting in a green taxi.
3. [ e ]
e rest seven else well
ea dead ready head already
Read the following words and sentences aloud:
bed left bread head any sweat pen best get debt many breakfast sell spread
very well seven pence went to America
Ben sent ten letters to the enemy.
Ed is one of my best friends.
Let me tell you a better story.
Better later than never.
East and west, home is the best.
4. [ ? ]
a la
b happy cab jam
Read the following words and sentences aloud:
stamp land angry ran fact dad glad stand sad bag apple flag hat add black passenger
black cat mad man matter of fact
The man ran back to get his cap and bag..
The passengers are standing back there.
I can’t stand your lack of manners.
Harry has a happy family in Canada.
I’m very glad to know that Jack is back.
5. [ a:]
a father grass dance
ar art bar far army star
ear heart
Read aloud:
a dark hall a large car half a jar after the bath
I like to pass through the garden park.
Far from eye, far from heart.
6. [?]
o come some nothing other
u bus butter sun umbrella
oo flood blood
ou double young rough enough
Read aloud:
under study trouble country sun up uncle public hurry up much money trust us love each other
Come here to study Russian.
A mother’s love is above that of another.
She loves nothing but money.
Well begun is half done.
Don’t truoble trouble until trouble troubles you.
7. [?: ]
ir first bird girl thirsty
ur nurse hurt fur curtain
or work worker worst
er her certainly term person
ear early earth search learn
Read aloud:
serve pearl turn over
Earl has worked in that firm for thirty months.
The girl gave her a purse.
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
Her work is better than Mary’s.
8. [?]
o today polite tomorrow
a about again China husband
er river ruler whether over
or doctor monitor
ure pleasure measure picture
Read aloud:
asleep a cup of water a book about China
A famous professor will give a lecture.
My brother and sister are doctors.
This summer went faster and further than last.
A good advice is beyond all price.
9. [?: ]
or nor or short
au daughter cause
aw law draw
oor floor door
ar warm war
au daughter autumn
ore before more
Read aloud:
all in alll more and more a short story four balls
Paul is four and can walk and talk.
The storm draws near----we ought to go indoors.
10. [?]
o on off hot doctor foreign dog cotton
a want quality water
Read aloud:
borrow socks a clock a pocket watch
The coffee is of top quality.
When the shop was robbed, everybody was shocked.
11. [ u: ]
u ruler Judy
o lose who to
oo noon zoo noodle
ou group through
ui fruit
ew drew threw
ue true blue clue due
Read aloud:
a blue balloon an afternoon in July huge rooms
The news is too good to be true.
The rule is useful once in a blue moon.
12. [ u ]
u sugar put cushion
o woman
oo look wood foot
ou could would should
Read aloud:
push and pull good books
The cook cooks good food.
The woman stood for as long as she could.
双元音:
13. [ ei ]
a age take
eigh eight
ay play say bay
ai rain mail wait train
Read aloud:
labour May Day great change the name of the game No pains, no gains.
Great changes have taken place in only one day.
14. [?u]
o no both over
oa road coat float
ow show know yellow slow
Read aloud:
I do n’t know. Close the window. It is so cold.
The old man lives alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely.
A rolling stone gathers no moss.
15. [ ai ]
i bike like write
y why by July
igh night bright light
ie die pie
Read aloud:
a nice sight quite right high in the sky
A stitch in time saves nine.
I drive five miles on Friday night with Mike.
I’d buy my ties before the price begins to rise.
16. [au ]
ou mouse shout around
ow bow cow crowd flower Read aloud:
out of town a thousand houses
How about going down south?
She found out how to pronounce the sound.
17. [ ?i ]
oy boy toy soy destroy
oi boil oil coin choice
Read aloud:
make an appointment toilet paper a noisy boy She made her point in a joyful voice.
The boy was annoyed when his toy was destroyed.
18 [i?]
ea real really idea
ear nearly nearby dear ear eer deer beer engineer
ere here sincere
Read aloud:
cheerful tears from ear to ear mysterious ideas I fear we can’t hear him clearly.
You are serious but sincere, my dear.
19. [?? ]
are care prepare
air air fair repair
ear wear bear
Read aloud:
wear and tear share a pear a careless bear Where there’s a will, there’s a way.
He rarely stares at the mayor, because he’s scared.
20. [u?]
ure sure
oor poor
our tour tourist
Read aloud:
the curious tourist
Surely, the poor patient will be cured.
辅音(28个)
清辅音/p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /∫/ / h/ /ts/ /t∫/ /tr/
浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e/ /z/ /з/ / r/ /dz/ /dз/ /dr/
鼻音/m/ /n/ /?/
半元音 / j/ / w/
边音 / l/
21) [p]
p pen pear play pig pour pull push
pp apple puppy( 小狗)
22)[b]
b book boot bike bread break
bb rubber robber cabbage
e.g. Peter is picking plums and apples.
The robbers broke into the bank, but he was soon caught by the police.
Barker and Parker bumped into each other in a park.
23) [t]
t ten ton town twenty city
tt letter cottage cotton
24) [d]
d door dull desk dog dictionary
dd add ladder Teddy
e.g. Jim is taking a course at a technical college.
Teddy carried a ladder to get the dog.
We laughed and laughed.
I received your letter yesterday.
25) [k]
k king kite key look cook book kitchen sky
c car
d cat cream correct climb com
e account accept
ck clock click
ch school schedule schema
26) [g]
g girl good goal goat grade language
gg luggage baggage
gu guess guest
e.g. Cut your coat according to your cloth.
All that glitter is not gold. 闪光的东西并非都是金子。
A good beginning makes a good ending. 善始善终。
27) [f]
f five fly fine fla
g frog fog roof knife
ff coffee off
ph physic photo phone
gh cough laugh rough
28) [v]
v very evening even every voice vest
ve leave five negative positive
e.g. We serve coffee at five.
The detective found various photos in the file.
The vote was negative, not positive.
29) [s]
s six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf
c license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate
ce piece juice science lance space
30) [z]
z zoo zebra zero zap
ze doze dozen
s has is
se close nose hose suppose pause those whose
e.g. Sally saw a little snake in the grass.
Lisa has lost her purse.
Those boys made a lot of noises, their cries could be heard for miles.
31) [θ]
th think thank three thirty tooth mouth
32) [e ]
th that this those these though they them their
e.g. Together they went through thick and thin.
Father and mother used to be healthy and wealthy.
It was difficult to breathe in such cold weather.
My brother would rather sleep than eat.
33) [ ∫ ]
s sure
sh sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash
ti nation attention station
ci social special
34) [ з ]
s pleasure measure usually unusual
g garage rouge
e.g. She sells fish and shellfish fresh from the ocean.
This shop sells fashionable shorts and shirts.
The explosion was of unusual force and completely destroyed the garage.
35) [r]
r read red right run room write
rr hurry carry sorry
wr write wrest
e.g. Sorry, I’m in a hurry.
When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。
Litter Rose is eager to learn to read and write.
36) [h]
h hot hop home house horse horrible hold
wh who
e.g. Harris has hurt his hand with a heavy hammer.
Henry hid himself behind a high hedge.
37) [m]
m man make moon morning move come comb
mm yummy swimming
38) [n]
n pen nice nine fine night noon clean
nn thinner dinner
39) [?]
n uncle bank English think thank junk
ng sing king morning evening
e.g. Tom is leaving now.
Brian is fond of ham and jam.
From morning till evening Sam sings the same song again and again.
40) [t∫ ]
ch child chicken China chair lunch church teach
tch catch watch match
t picture
41) [dз]
g age language cabbage vegetable stage
dg bridge judge
j joy enjoy join July June junk jeep
e.g. Jane had chicken and French fries for lunch.
Jack enjoyed the strawberry jam very much.
John urged Jane to buy a digital watch.
42) [tr]
tr tree country try treat track trunk true
43) [dr]
dr dry dream drop drive drink
e.g. We shouldn’t cut down the trees in the countryside any more.
Last night he dreamed that he drove a car and dropped into the river.
44) [ts]
ts cats students boots boats goats nuts
45) [dz]
ds goods woods moods hoods birds
e.g. Jack put on his boots and took his notes.
There are many birds in the woods.
46) [l]
l long land lend lord fly flag black
l world cold could goal soul
ll well all fall tall call kill
e.g. Live and learn. 活到老学到老。
Let sleeping dogs lie. 莫惹是生非。
A little pill may well cure a great ill. 小药能治大病。
47) [w]
w window wind wood west
wh when what where white (h不发音)
e.g. We waddle away from the water.
No sweet without sweat. 甜从苦中来。
Where ther e’s a will, there’s a way. 有志者事竟成。
48) [j]
y yes year yell you your yellow New York
e.g. You will soon get used to the new youngster.
Do you usually get up as early as you did yesterday?
4容易混淆的辅音
[v] [w]
vest west vet wet vine wine very well
[s] [θ]
sink think mass math miss myth sort thought
[z] [e ]
close clothes breeze breathe
[n] [? ]
thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing
语音知识
单音节:由一个元音(或再加上前后的辅音)构成.如:Mike/maik/
双元音:由两个元音(或再加上前后的辅音)构成.如:anwser
多音节:由三个或三个以上的音节构成。如:exercise
成音节:响亮的辅音/ l /, / m /, / n /, 叫成节音,在词尾非重读的情况
下与前面的辅音结合可构成音节,叫成音节。如:lesson.
1、音节no, he
开音节绝对开音节:“元音字母+ 辅音字母(r除外)+默音e”
如:bike, nose, cake etc.
闭音节:元音字母后面有辅音字母。如:not, bed, desk. Etc.
2、不完全爆破:
爆破音/ p / / b / / t / / d / / k / /g /后面紧跟另一个爆破音或/ ?/,/?/,/m/ / n / /θ/ /e/以及/t/,/d/,/l/,/s/前面时,前面的爆破音只做好发这个音的口型不等爆破就转入发后面的辅音。如:blackboard, Good night.
同学个性化教学设计年级:教师:科目: 班主任:日期:时段:
eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling 5) [u:] 字母组合oo o u food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue prude 6) [ ? ] 发音字母u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood 7) [?] 发音字母o a ou hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watch 8) [?] 字母组合er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen famulus Saturday 9) [?]发音字母i y e ui u a sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary
第一课 一、音标是什么 简要介绍音标,并展示音标图 二、本课目标:前元音/i:/ /?/ /e/ /?/; 三、音标精讲 (一)、/i:/ 代表单词:sheep [?i:p] 【嘴巴微微张开,呈扁平口型】 Ice cream /a?s kri:m/ Key/ki:/ Police /p??li:s/ 口语表达: I’ll be on holiday next week . 我下周开始度假。 An ice cream for me , please . 请给我一个冰激凌。 【音标儿歌】 蜜蜂,蜜蜂是 bee , bee , bee 豌豆,豌豆是 pee , pee , pee 茶叶,茶叶是 tea , tea , tea (二)、/?/ 代表单词:ship /??p/ 【嘴巴微微张开,呈扁平口型】
Fish /fi?/ Kid /k?d/ City/?s?ti//口语表达: Zip your lips ! 闭嘴! Shanghai is a big city . 上海是座大城市。 【音标儿歌】 它呀,它呀是 it , it , it 晚饭,晚饭是dinner , dinner , dinner 家庭,家庭是 family , family , family 【发音训练】 /?/ /i:/ pick /p?k/ peak / pi:k/ is ease /i:z / it /?t / eat /i:t / rich /r?t? / reach /ri:t?/ 【轻松一刻】 When I was just a little girl, 当我还是个小女孩, I asked my mother, 我问妈妈, "What will I be? “将来我会变成什么样子呢? Will I be pretty? Will I be rich?" 我是否会变得美丽、富有?” Here's what she said to me: 她对我说: "Que sera, sera, “世事不可强求 Whatever will be, will be; 顺其自然吧。 The future's not ours to see. 我们不能预见未来。
音标 英语国际音标(48个) 元音(20个) 长元音/ɑ://?:/ /?://i:/ /u:/ [a:] calm [kɑ?m] 平静half [hɑ?f] 一半palm [pɑ?m] 手掌[u:] school [sku?l] 学校fool [fu?l] 傻的zoo [zu?] 动物园[?:] certain [?s?:tn] 必然的,skirt [sk??t] 裙子,sir [s??] 先生 [??] talk [t??k] 说ball [b??l] 球fall [f??l] 落下 [i?] he [hi?] 他me [mi?] 我be [bi?] 是 读下列单词:
party ['pɑ?t?] 政党door [d??] 门floor [fl??] 地板sheep [?i?p] 绵羊green [gri?n] 绿色purse [p??s] fur [f??] 毛皮movie [?mu?vi] 电影soup [su?p] 汤 短元音/?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /e/ /?/ [?]:strut, mud, love, blood [i]:hill, miss, sit [e]:bed, desk, head [u]:look, put, women, could [?]:apple [??pl] 苹果mad [m?d] 疯狂的 cash [k??] 现金family [' f?mili] 家庭 [?]:hot [h?t] 热的dot [d?t] 点nod [n?d] 点头
[?]:along [??l??]沿着banana [b??nɑ:n?] 香蕉about [??ba?t] 关于 bat 音标[b?t]蝙蝠 pat 音标[p?t] 轻拍 mat 音标[m?t] 垫子 dad 音标[d?d]爸爸 want [w?nt] 想要 wash [w??] 洗 what [w?t] 什么 meter [?mi:t?] 米 mother [?m?e?] 母亲 speaker [?spi:k?] 演讲者 双元音/e?/ /a?/ /??/ /??/ /e?/ /??/ /??/ /a?/
英语48个国际音标 教案
同学个性化教学设计年级:教师:科目:班主任:日期:时段:
food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue prude 6) [ ? ] 发音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood 7) [?] 发音字母 o a ou hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watch 8) [?] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen famulus Saturday 9) [? ]发音字母 i y e ui u a sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 10) [?] 字母组合 oo ou u o look good foot book wood wool cook stood(短脚厨师站在木头和羊毛上看好书) should could
英语音标基础拼读训练(附单词和拼读技巧)
英语国际音标表 英语音标一共有_48_个,其中元音有__20__个,辅音有_28__个 26个英文字母及发音音标如下: A a [ei] B b [bi:] C c [si:] D d [di:] E e [i:] F f [ef] G g [d?i:] H h [eit∫] I i [ai] J j [d?ei] K k [kei] L l [el] M m [em] N n [en] O o [?u] P p [pi:] Q q [kju:] R r [ɑ:] S s [es] T t [ti:] U u [ju:] V v [vi:] W w [′d∧blju:] X x [eks] Y y [wai] Z z [zi:]
单元音 [i:] [i] ea t [i:t] 吃i t [it] 它 p ea[pi:] 豌豆 s i t [sit] 坐 b ee[bi:] 蜜蜂 b i t [bit] 一点儿t ea[ti:] 茶叶 b i g [big] 大的 [e] [?] e gg [eg] 鸡蛋 b a t [b?t] 球拍 b e d [bed] 床 c a p [k ?p] 帽子 p e t [pet] 宠物 gl a d [gl?d] 高兴的h ea d [hed] 头 m a p [m?p] 地图[?:] [?] b ir d [b?:d] 鸟 rubb er[`r?b?] 橡皮 g ir l [g?:l] 女孩 rul er[`ru:l?] 直尺 n ur se [n?:s] 护士 doct or [`d?kt?] 医生 sk ir t [sk?:t] 裙子 banan a[b?`na:n?] 香蕉 [a:] [?] c ar[ka:] 小汽车 d uc k [d?k] 鸭子
48个国际音标表 元音12个单元音 长元音i: u: a: 短元音i [u] e 8个双元音ai ei i i u au 辅音 10 对 清辅音p t k f s ∫[tr ts 浊辅音 b d g v z dr dz 3个鼻音m n 3个似拼音h r l 2个半元音w j 48个音标发音要领讲义 Unit 1 长元音[i:] 舌尖抵下齿,口腔肌肉紧张,面部表情呈微笑状。[i:t] eat 吃[bi:] bee 蜜蜂[si:]see 看见 短元音[i] 舌尖抵下齿,口形偏平,开口度比[i:] 大。 [big] big 大的[iz] is 是 短元音[e] 发音时舌尖抵下齿,嘴形扁平,上下齿之间距离为小指的宽度。(这个音容易忘记,忘记时想想字母F, L ,M ,N )[bed] bed 床[get] get 到达 短元音[] 舌尖抵下齿,嘴要故意张很大,上下齿之间可容纳食指和中指的宽度。 注意:开口度[]﹥[e] ﹥[i] ﹥[i:] 清辅音[p] 和浊辅音[b] /p/是p的发音,/b/是b的发音。双唇爆破辅音。发音时双唇紧闭,憋住气,然后突然分开,气流冲出口腔,发出爆破音。/p/是清辅音,声带不振动;/b/是浊辅音,声带振动。 清辅音[t] 和浊辅音[d] /t/是t的发音,/d/是d的发音。舌齿爆破辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈,憋住气,然后突然分开,使气流冲出口腔,发出爆破音。/t/是清辅音,声带不振动;/d/是浊辅音,声带振动。 清辅音[k] 和浊辅音[g] /k/ //--/k/是字母k和字母c的发音,//是字母g的读音。舌后软颚爆破辅音。发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚,憋住气,然后突然分开,气流送出口腔,形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音,声带不振动;//是浊辅音,声带振动。 Unit 2
48 个国际音标表 长元音 短元音 [i:] [ ] [ ] [u:] [a:]12 个单元音 8 个双元音 元音 [i] [ ] [ ] [u] [ ] [e] [ ][ai] [ei] [ i] [i ] [ ] [ ] [u ] [au]清辅音 [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [ ] [ ∫ ] [ ] [tr] [ts]浊辅音 [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [ ] [ ] [ ] [dr] [dz] 10 对 辅 音 3 个鼻音 [m] [n] [ ][h] [r] [l][w] [j]3 个似拼音 2 个半元音辅音无新旧之分
12个单元音 发音字母:ee ea e ie ei thr ee tr ee gr ee n sh ee p m ee t b ee f s ee ea t t ea m ea t l ea ve t ea cher t ea m m ea n sp ea k cl ea n pl ea se h e sh e m e 发音字母: i y e s i t p i cture i t i s l i st s i x p i g b i g bu i ld m i ss man y twent y happ y dictionar y d e cide d e licious 发音字母:ir g ir l sh ir t ur ear er or sk ir t th ir ty th ir teen th ir d b ur n n ur se p ur ple Th ur sday ear ly ear th h ear d h er b ir d t ur n l ear n t er m
英语国际音标教学设计(五)(元音音标部分) ——适合七年级学生 蔡淑端 Teaching aims 1.让学生能听、说、读、写四会,掌握元音音标20个,包括单元音12个,双元音8个,并能正确在单词中拼读音标。 2.注意书写形式,并正确辨认单元音、双元音、短元音、长元音。 3.能正确流利的拼读26个字母音标。 Analyze the book 教学内容主要是48个国际音标中的20个元音,又分为12个单元音,8个双元音。单元音分为短元音(课件演示) Teaching important and difficult points 重点:英语音标学习是一项重点的教学内容,为了以后学单词更方便,更能熟练地读单词,音标学习必须在看、听、说、练四个方面顺利通过。突破法,梯度练习攻克法,先攻单元音,再攻双元音,最后总结20个元音。 难点:音标的书写形式,英式英语与美式英语的有些音标的书写形式有所改变,所以在教时要特别强调,让同学们尽快改正过来。突破法,专门找出变化大的音标进行强化训练。 Analyze the students 学生对26个字母已比较熟悉,所以在教音标时应结合字母教音标,前后联系学习,不会让学生感到枯燥乏味。 Teaching procedures Step1 复习26个字母 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V w X Y Z Step2 英语有48个国际音标,今天我们学习20个元音。
元音(20个) 1.长元音 / i: / / ɑ: / / ?: / / ?: / / U: / 2.短元音 / ? / / ? / / ? / / ? / / ?/ / e / /?/ 3.双元音 / e? / / a? / / ?? / / ?? / / ?? / / e? / / a? / / ?? / (课件演示) Step3学生分组进行发音训练。 Step4 学生依照教师所讲及课件演示,自己书写音标。 新旧英语国际音标对照表 Vowels 元音新i: ? e ? З:?Λu: ??: 旧i: i e ? ?: ?Λu: u ?: 新?ɑ:eI aI ?I ??a?I?e??? 旧?ɑ:ei ai ?i ?u au i?ε?u? Consonants 辅音无变化p b t d k g f v s z ?em n ?l r h w j ∫?t∫d?tr dr ts dz 英语音标及字母组合对照 1.元音: 1) [ i: ] 字母组合:ee ea e three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me 2) [ I ]发音字母 i
同学个性化教学设计 年级:教师:科目: 班主任:日期:时段: 课题 英语国际音标的学习与使用 教学目标掌握读音,区分并会使用英语国际音标来拼单词的读音 重难点透视国际音标的读音标准与区分及使用 考点单词中字母组合读音的区分 知识点剖析 序号知识点预估时间掌握情况 1 20个元音的学习与练习40min 2 28个辅音的学习与练习30min 3 做相应的练习题并进一步矫正读音30min 4 回顾并总结本课20min 教学内容 一.国际音标分为元音和辅音 1. 元音辅音的定义: (1) 气流迫使声带振动,从口腔向外流出时不受任何阻挡而形成的音为元音 (2)声腔中的气流通道受到不同程度的阻碍而形成的音为辅音。 2. 从音系学的角度,即从音节里音的功能来看,位于音节两边的音位为辅音,即节首和结尾,位于 音节核心的音位为元音。(red, wet, lead) 3. 元音和辅音的比较 (1)元音:1)气流在通道上不受任何阻挡,畅通无阻。 2)发音器官的各个部位保持均衡的紧张状态。 3)声带一定振动,即元音都是浊音。 4)呼出的气流较弱。 5)全是口腔音。 6)乐音响度大。 (2)辅音:1)气流在通道上受到某种程度的阻挡。 2)只有构成阻碍的那部分发音器官处于紧张状态。
3)声带不一定振动,有浊音和清音之别。 4)呼出的气流较强。 5) 有口腔音和晕音之分。 6)噪音,响度小。 二.20 个元音: 单元音12个:/ɑ:/ /?:/ / ?:/ /i:/ /U:/ / ?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /e/ /?/ 双元音8个:/e?/ /a?/ /??/ /??/ /e?/ /??/ /??/ /a?/ 前元音4个:/i:/ /?/ /e/ /?/ 中元音3个:/?/ / ?://?/ 后元音5个:/ɑ:/ /?//?://?/ / u:/ 圆唇音4个:/ u: / /?/ /?:/ /?/ 1) [ɑ:] 字母组合ar a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm 2) [?: ]字母组合al or au our ar small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter 3)[3:] 字母组合ir ur ear er or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm word world 4) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei (eo ey i) three tree green sheep meet beef see seek
1.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号 /i/传统式的国际音标读音符号 该音是个前元音,是字母i或y在重读闭音中的读音。它是个短元音,故发此音要短促而轻快。 发音要领的是:舌尖抵下齿,舌前部抬高,舌两侧抵上齿两侧,口形偏平。
2./i/美式读音符号 /i:/英式读音符号 /i:/传统式的国际音标读音符号 前元音,是字母ea,ee,ie或ei在单词中的发音。此音是长元音,一定注音把音发足。其发音要领是 发音时舌尖抵下齿,前舌尽量抬高、舌位高于/i/:口形扁平。 3.//美式发音符号 /e/英式发音符号 /e/传统的国际音标的读音符号 该音是个前元音,是字母e或ea在单词中的发音。它是个短元音。 发音时舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起,舌位比/i:/低;唇形中常,开口度比/i:/大。
4.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号 //传统的国际音标的读音符号 该音是个前元素,是字母a在重读闭音节中的发音。//是短元音。 发音时舌尖抵下齿;舌前部稍抬高,舌位比/e/更低;双唇平伸,成扁平形。 5.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号 //传统的国际音标的读音符号 该音是个后元音,是字母组合ar的读音,也是字母a在ss,st,th 等字母前面的读音。//是长元音。 发音时口张大,舌身压低并后缩,后舌稍隆起,
舌尖不抵下齿。双唇稍收圆。 6.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号 //传统的国际音标的读音符号 该音是个短元音,是字母o在重读闭音节单词中的读音。 发音时口张大,舌身尽量降低并后缩,双唇稍稍收圆。 7.//美式读音符号 //英式读音符号 //传统的国际音标的读音符号 该音是个后元音,是字母o,or,al,oar,our或oor在单词中的发音。它是长元音。
48个英语国际音标发音规则 “英语里一共有48个音素,其中20个是元音,28个是辅音。元音又可分为单元音(12个)和双元音(8个)。先讲解12个单元音,这12个单元音又可以分为: 一、元音 (一)、单元音 1、前元音[i:][i][e][ ?] 所谓前元音是指发音时要使用舌前部,也就是说舌前部要向硬腭抬起,舌尖要抵住下齿,口形扁平,不要收圆。四个前元音中发[i:]的时候舌前部抬得最高,牙床近乎全合。发[i]的时候舌前部比[i:]稍低,牙床也开得稍大一些。上下齿之间的距离大约可以容纳一个小指尖。发第三个前元音[e]的时候舌前部比[i]又要第一些,牙床也开得更大一些。上下齿之间的距离大约相当于一个食指尖。发第四个前元音[?]的时候舌前部最低,牙床开得最大。上下齿之间的距离大约相当于一个食指加中指。 2、后元音[ɑ:] [?] [?:] [u] [u:] 所谓后元音是指发音时要使用舌的后部,也就是说舌后部要向软腭抬起。发后元音时舌尖可以不抵下齿。除了后元音[ɑ:]要用中常唇外,其它四个音都要用圆唇,发音时嘴要拢圆。个别的音如[u] [u:]嘴唇还要向前突出。其次,要注意后元音的舌位。五个后元音中[ɑ:]的舌位最低,开口最大。[?]的舌位比[ɑ:]稍高,开口度比[ɑ:]稍小。[?:]的舌位比[u]又要更高一些,开口度比[u]再小一些。[u]的舌位比[u:]又要高一些,开口度再小一些。[u:]的舌位最高,开口最小。 3、中元音[?:] [?] [?] 所谓中元音是指发音时要使用舌的中部,也就是说舌的中部要稍稍抬起,舌尖可以轻抵下齿,口形扁平或中常。[?:]的舌位最高,[?]的舌位最低,[?]的舌位介乎两者之间,比[?:]稍低,比[?]稍高。 上面提到了12个单元音。英语里还有8个双元音。这8个双元音又可分成两类,合口双元音和集中双元音,下面分别讲解。 (二)、双元音 1、合口双元音[ei][ai][?i][ ?u][au] 所谓“合口双元音”是指两个元音中的第二个元音都是一个合口元音[i]或[u]。发双元音时要注意从第一个元音向第二个元音滑动。在滑动过程中,口形、舌位都有明显的变化。另外,还要注意双元音的下面几个特点:1、前长后短(前音长后音短)。2、前重后轻(前音发得重,后音发得轻)。3、前音清楚,后音模糊。 2、集中双元音[i?] [ε?] [u?] 所谓集中双元音是指两个元音中的第二个元音都是中元音[?]。发音时要注意第一个元音向第二个元音滑动时的口形和舌位的变化。比如发[i?]时舌位由前元音[i]向中元音[?]的滑动。口形由半合的扁唇变为稍高于半开的扁唇。发[ε?]时由相当于前元音[e]的舌位向中元音[?]滑动,口形由半开的中常唇变为稍高于半开的扁唇。发[u?]时由后元音[u]向中元音[?]的滑动,口形由半合的圆唇变为稍高于半开的扁唇。 二、辅音
英语音标入门 一.英语共有48个音素,元音20个(发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍) 辅音28个(发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍) 元音 /i:/ /?/ /e/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /ɑ:/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /U:/ /?/ /e?/ /a?/ /??/ /??/ /a?/ /??/ /e?/ /??/ 清辅音(发音的时候声带不振动,发音部位比较靠前,在口腔前部,不振动声带,发音的时候感觉人在往前倾,)/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /?/ /t?/ /tr/ /ts/ /h/ 浊辅音(发音的时候声带要振动,发音部位比较靠后,在轰隆部位,发音时候感觉头在往后倾)/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e/ /z/ /?/ /d?/ /dr/ /dz/ /r/ /m/ /n/ /?/ /?/ /w/ /j/ s与辅音元音里的爆破音结合时,通常是清辅音被浊化, /p/ /t/ /k/ 它们浊化后,分别发成: /b/ /d/ /g/ 二.具体发音 元音 /i:/ b e h e cr ea m ea t gr ee n n ee d /?/ b i g c i ty /e/ a ny m a ny b e d b e st br ea kfast /?/ a t b a g /?:/ h er b ir th f ir st /?/ h e llo rul e r /ɑ:/ a fternoon cl a ss ar t c ar d /?/ c o lor c o me y oun g c oun try b u s b u t /?:/ a ll a lso rep or t sh or t m ore st ore /?/ w a nt w a tch cl o ck fr o m y our f our /U:/ d o m o vie c oo l f oo d y ou gr ou p
一、化整为零,反复练习 在学生初学英语时,我没有将音标集中出现,而是将音标教学和单词教学有机的融合在一起。每当教学一个新单词时,我就将单词中各字母的发音教给学生,要求学生看清口型,领会发音要领,并将各字母的音标写在黑板上,如教学bike 这个单词时,告诉学生b发/b/,i发/ai/,k发/k/,e不发音。教单词时同时教音标,使音标与单词紧密相连,潜移默化,经过长期训练,学生看到单词就能发出该单词的音,而且对音标也熟悉了,对学过的单词能记得更牢固。 二、集中出现,强化训练 到了高年级,当学生对音标有了一定的认识之后,我就将48个音标集中出现,让学生对音标有个整体认识,了解字母和音标的区别;讲解一些简单的发音要领;了解字母以及字母组合的发音规则;初步分清元音、辅音、开音节、闭音节和长元音、短元音等。并结合所学的单词,对其音标进行分解。然后用多种方法指导学生将音标读熟。学生学会了音标,就能更好地掌握语音,能运用音标自己拼读单词、记忆单词。这样,既培养了学生的.自学能力,大大提高了学习效率,又增强了学生学习英语的信心。 三、合作探究,寻找规律 在教学音标时,我让学生在教师的指导下,自己去发现、去总结、去归纳。根据新教材音标教学的理念,出示一组单词,让学生通过读单词,发现这些单词的共同之处,进而认识该组单词的元音或辅音,并根据这些特点去拼读新单词。如出示单词bike,fine,nice,five,先让学生读一读这组单词,然后小组讨论i的发音,最后总结出i发/ai/,而且教师还要引导学生观察这四个单词,发现他们的构词特点,然后再给出新单词kite,line,mine,quite等,让学生根据发音规则读出这些词。学生通过小组讨论去发现、总结,会学得更活、更好,对音标的印象会更深刻,掌握会更牢固。 四、音形结合,触类旁通 当学生已经初步掌握了音标的认读及拼读方法之后,我会找一些符合拼读规则的单词让学生拼读,这样既培养学生按字母、字母组合发音规律直接拚读的能力,又培养学生按照读音规则,把单词的音、形联系起来迅速反应的能力。在单词教学中,我总是有意识进行音标的强化训练。单讲音标知识、拼读方法是空洞的,关键是要让学生在不断的实践过程中去体会、去摸索、去总结。学生的语音能力只有在运用中才能得到巩固。每次教新单词时,我都让学生试着发该单词的音,然后再分析单词的音标,以音带词,要求学生不仅要会发音、会拼读,还要与旧词联系,进行一些归类性的训练。长期这样训练,能培养学生自觉地把单词与音标进行音、形比较,能使学生看到音标就能写出单词,甚至看到一些结构简单的词也能写出音标。 五、激发兴趣,活跃气氛
同学个性化教学设计 年级:教师:科目:班主任:日期:时段:
eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling 5) [u:] 字母组合oo o u food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue prude 6) [ ? ] 发音字母u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood 7) [?] 发音字母o a ou hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watch 8) [?] 字母组合er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen famulus Saturday 9) [? ]发音字母i y e ui u a sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary
英语国际音标入门 音标常识 1、英语国际音标48个,元音20个、辅音28个。发音时声带振动,呼出的气流 通过口腔时不受阻碍,这样形成的语音称为元音。不论声带振动与否,发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍,这样形成的语音称为辅音。 发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。2、元音与辅音分类 a e i(y) o u 辅音字母 b、c、d、f、g、h、j、k、l、m、n、 p、q、r、s、t、v、w、x、y、z 英语发音规则:元音+辅音
课堂讲义 Lesson 1 元音[i:] [i] [?:] [?] 的学习 1、长元音[i:]的发音要诀:舌抵下齿,双唇扁平,作微笑状,发“一”之长音。 代表单词: eat each bee pea see sea tree three meet meat feet feel he me 通常情况下,发[i:]这个音的字母和字母组合e ea ee 根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。 1. seat rain bean cat feet teacher dog star tree jeep sea fish the 2、短元音[i]的发音要诀:舌抵下齿,双唇扁平分开,牙床近于全合,发短促之 “一”音。 代表单词 it is pig big fish ship jaket rocket happy sunny 发[i]这个音的字母和字母组合i e y 根据发音规则,圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。 sit kick lip gift jam ship picture big sister lick pig many 3、长元音[?:]的发音要诀:舌上抬,唇成自然状态,口半开半闭,发“厄”之长 音。 代表单词 term immerse bird girl skirt first nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain early learn word work 发[?:]这个音的字母和字母组合er ir ur ear or 勾出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。 beer thirsty wheat 2. bank king her nurse bird rabbit knee run shirt term
Phonetics (音标) Contents: The 48 phonetics. Teaching aims: 1) Can read the 48 phonetics correctly. 2)Can grasp the reading rules. Difficulties: 1) The correct sounds. 2) The rules of the spellings. Teaching methods: Teaching , practicing and studying in groups. Teaching tools: Papers, color chalk,multimedia Teaching periods: 6 periods. Process: The phonetics are the gold key to study English. It’s very important for the students to learn English. So we should spend enough time to teach them to learn the knowledge freely. Before learning , we should make clear about the following knowledge. 音素:人说话的声音是由若干单个的音组成的,即使是一个很短的字、词也是由一定的读音组成的。英语把组成一个读音的最小单位叫音素。 音标:音标是记录音素的符号。英语音标就是记载英语字母和单词的读音的符号。英语国际音标共48个音素.其中元音音素20个,辅音音素28个。 元音音素:发音时声带振动,呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍,这样形成的语音,称为元音。
初中英语 国际音标---音标基础知识 一.音节 ⒈什么是音节? ⑴音节通常由一个元音加上一个或几个辅音构成,也可以由单独一个元音构成。此外,[l]、[m]、[n]在后面没有元音的情况下也可与它前面的辅音构成一个音节。 ·相关链接: A syllable is part of a word that contains one vowel sound;it may also contain one or more consonant sounds.In general,the number of vowels in the word determines the number of syllables. :Pronouncing American English 一个音节通常是一个含有一个元音和一个或几个辅音的单词的一部分。一般来说,单词中元音的个数决定这个单词音节的个数。 —《美国英语发音词典》 ⑵含有元音的音节和若干个辅音音素 ①只有一个元音音素(音节核peak) eye our hour ah ②含有一个元音音素和音节尾(音节核peak+音节尾coda) am ought ease ③含有一个元音音素、音节首和音节尾(音节首onset+音节核peak+音节尾coda) run must fill ④含有成音节辅音的音节 辅音+成音节/l、m、n/ bottle people cotton bottom ·相关链接: In a word like “bottle”,the weak syllable contains no vowel at all,but consists entirely of the consonants.We call this a syllabic consonant. 在像“bottle”这样的词中,非重读音节中根本没有元音,而全是辅音。我们把这样完全由辅音字母构成的音节叫做构成音节的辅音,简称“成音节”。 ⒉音节的分类 ⑴音节按读音可分为开音节和闭音节。开音节又可以分为绝对开音节和相对开音节。在开音节中,这个元音字母发字母本身音。 ①绝对开音节是指元音字母后面没有辅音字母而构成的音节,如:we no see sea tea bee ②相对开音节是指一个元音字母后面有一个辅音字母(除r外),最后是一个不发音的e构成的音节,如:name cake game face time like nice fine five nose home use cute ③闭音节是指元音字母后面有辅音字母(除r外)构成的音节,如:cat on desk not leg ⑵音节按是否重读可以分为重读音节和非重读音节。 预备知识 只含有一个音节的单词叫做单音节词;含有两个音节的单词叫做双音节词;含有三个或三个以上音节的单词叫做多音节词。 ①重读音节(重音):在双音节词和多音节词中,有一个音节读得特别重,叫做重读音节,简称“重音”,用“'”来表示,加在重读音节的左上方。有些单词音节较多,除了重音外,还有次重音,用“?”来表示。不重读的音节为非重读音节。单音节词作重读处理,但不标重音符号。 标注单词重音一般规则如下: 5 4 3 2 1 ?______ '_________ university[?ju:n?'v?:s?t?] '_________ difficult['d?f?k?lt] '______ study['st?d?] ___ good[g?d] ②重读开音节:以元音字母结尾的重读音节叫重读开音节; 重读闭音节:以辅音字母结尾的重读音节叫重读闭音节。 应用:单词变形。
英语国际音标(配有练习单词)适合音标入门
48个国际音标表 元音12个单元音 长元音[i:] [] [] [u:] [a:] 短元音[i] [] [] [u] [] [e] [] 8个双元音[ai] [ei] [i] [i] [] [] [u] [au] 辅音 10 对 清辅音[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [] [ ∫ ][] [tr] [ts] 浊辅音[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [] [ ][] [dr] [dz] 3个鼻音[m] [n] [] 3个似拼音[h] [r] [l] 2个半元音[w] [j] 辅音无新旧之分
12个单元音 发音字母:ee ea e ie ei thr ee tr ee gr ee n sh ee p m ee t b ee f s ee ea t t ea m ea t l ea ve t ea cher t ea m m ea n sp ea k cl ea n pl ea se h e sh e m e 发音字母: i y e s i t p i cture i t i s l i st s i x p i g b i g bu i ld m i ss man y twent y happ y dictionar y d e cide d e licious 发音字母:ir ur ear er or g ir l sh ir t sk ir t th ir ty th ir teen th ir d b ir d t ur n b ur n n ur se p ur ple Th ur sday l ear n ear ly ear th h ear d t er m h er w or k w or ker w or d w or ld
英语—48个英语音标表(https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3f17996693.html, )
26个字母发音表 元音字母和辅音字母分类表
语音知识: 1) 字母:语言的书写形式。元音字母只有a,e,i(y),o,u 2) 音素:音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。即20个元音音素和28个辅音音素. 3) 元音:发音响亮,是乐音;口腔中气流不收阻碍;是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。 4) 辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音;口腔中气流受到阻碍;不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。 5) 音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple,stu'dent,tea'cher,un'der'stand。 6) 开音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike home due; b) 辅音+元音 he,go,hi。 7) 闭音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad,bed,sit,hot,cup; b)元音+辅音it。 8) 重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。 读音规则 1) 重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句)。 2) 非重读音节 [ ] banana,student,today,after,[i] orange,secret,evening,very,Monday。 特殊读音 1)音的连读:前面的词以元辅音结尾,后面的单词以元音开头,这样结尾的辅音要和开头的 元音连读。 not at all,half an hour,I love you and all、after all。 2)失去爆破:辅音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音和摩擦等,前面的辅音要失去 爆破。 good girl,good student,good job,expression,school,extreme。 3)音的同化:两个特殊的音碰到一起,会发出变异成特殊的音。 Would you do it? I am glad to meet you、Can't you see it? last year,this year。 重音 A)双音节词 a)一般在第一个音节重读。letter,sorry。 b)有 a-,be-,de-,re-,res-,in-,im-,en-,em-,es-,ex-,con-,com-,dis-,mis-,pre-,per-,pro-,trans- 等前缀的词,第二个音节是重音。a'bout,be'lieve,ad'dress,de'cide,re'port,con'demn, res'pect,com'pare, in'form,dis'cuss,im'press,mis'take,en'force,pre'pare,em'ploy,per'mit,es'cape,pro'duce,ex'claim,trans'late c)有 de-,in-,re-,con-,pre- 等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关,一般名词的重音在第一 个音节上,其它的 词性在第二个音节上。'record,re'cord; 'insult,in'sult; 'conduct,con'duct; 'present pre'sent; 'content,con'tent。 d)有些复合词和带有前缀 re-,ex-,un-,pre-,post-,等的词,有两个重音。 'out'side,'re'tell,'well-'known,'un'real,'fif'teen,'Chi'nese,'pre-'war, 'post-'war。 B)多音节词 a)一般倒数第三个音节是重音。'difficult,'communist,'family,e'conomy,oppor'tunity, de'mocracy。 b)有一些双音节词,加了前缀和后缀成了多音节,但这些词按原来词根的重音读音