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初中英语语法知识—名词的知识点总复习有解析(4)

初中英语语法知识—名词的知识点总复习有解析(4)
初中英语语法知识—名词的知识点总复习有解析(4)

一、选择题

1.—May I take your order,sir? —________.

A.Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of rices

B.Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of rice

C.Chickens with vegetable and two bowl of rices

D.Chickens with vegetables and two bowls of rices

2.________wild animals are disappearing because of the ________of their living areas. A.The number of; lost B.The number of; losing C.A number of; lose

D.A number of; loss

3.Is it a picture_________ your school?

A.of B.to C.and D.with

4.Some ________went to Japan to help when they knew that many ________ lost their homes in the earthquake.

A.Germen; Japanese B.Frenchmen; Japaneses C.Germans; Japanese 5.This is Mary and that is Kate.______ my______.

A.She's; friend B.They're; friends C.They're; friend

6.My mother often________when she was a young girl.

A.keep diaries B.keep diary C.kept diaries D.kept diary 7.—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday —You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great!

A.three-day; three days B.three- day; three days’

C.three days’; three-day D.three days; three days

8.Good food and_______help her_______better.

A.exercise; study B.exercise; studies

C.exercises; studying D.exercises; to study

9.—What is your _______, Lingling?

—I really enjoy reading _______ stories at night.

A.interests; interesting B.interests; interest

C.interest; interesting D.interesting; interest

10._______mother usually cooks for_______ at the weekend.

A.Lily and Nick; their B.Lily's and Nick's; them

C.Lily and Nick's; their D.Lily and Nick's; them

11.My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious.

A.salad; eggs B.salads; eggs C.salad; eggs D.salads; egg 12.________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s?

A.Is, rooms B.Are, room C.Are, rooms D.Is, room

13.________ your reading speed, or you can’t finish the English reading materials in ________

limited time.

A.Increase; 100 minutes’B.To increase; a 100-minute C.Increasing; 100-minutes’14.—________ shows are getting more and more popular.

—That's true. And many people are truly________.

A.Talent; talent B.Talent; talented C.Talented; talented D.Talented; talent 15.One of the ________ was late for the game yesterday.

A.plays B.player C.playing D.players

16.I want to buy ________.

A.a bread B.some breads C.two piece of bread D.two bags of bread 17.(2017·甘肃白银、武威·7)“It depends on my ________ decision.” the mother said and looked at her two sons.

A.children B.children's C.child D.child's 18.Let’s wish the food festival .

A.succeed B.success C.successful

19.________he_______big________?

A.Does; has; foot B.Does; have; feet C.Do; have; foots

20.A number of________ will take part in the sports meeting and the number of them

________ over 300.

A.students; are B.student; are C.students; is

21.This zebra is an ______ animal. It lives in ______ now.

A.Africa; Africa B.African; Africa

C.Africa; African D.African; African

22.Is that your ________?

A.a picture B.photos C.photoes D.picture 23.Mary, please get some ________for me.

A.orange B.pear C.tomato

24.There are some ________and ________ on the table.

A.potatoes; tea B.chicken; sweets C.tomatos; porks D.tomatos; milk 25.It's about ten __________ walk from here.

A.minutes' B.minute's C.minutes D.minute of

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.B

解析:B

【解析】

句意:我可以请您点菜了吗,先生?根据问句,确定答语表达的意思是“鸡肉加蔬菜,两碗米饭” Chicken表示鸡肉时,是不可数名词。可排出C,D选项;rice表示米饭时是不可数名词,但是修饰不可数名词的量词有单复数,所以“两碗米饭”用two bowls of rice,故正确答案是B。

2.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:许多野生动物正在消失,因为它们的生活区域正在消失。

考查词组辨析和名词。the number of…的数目,跟复数名词连用,作主语时,中心词是number,谓语动词要用单数;lost失去,lose的过去式;a number of很多,相当

于 many,修饰可数名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词用复数;loss丧失、遗失,作名词。根据句中的关键词“are”,可知符合a number of的用法。所以第一个空格填a number of,进而正确答案只能从选项C和D中选择。根据第二个空格前的the,可知空格上要填一个名词或者相当于名词的词。选项C中的lose是动词,故排除选项C,故选D。

3.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:它是你学校的一张照片吗?

本题考查介词。of……的;to向;and而且;with和……一起。a picture of一张……的照片,此处在询问这是不是一张关于你学校的照片,故选A。

4.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:一些德国人得知许多日本人在地震中失去了家园,便前往日本帮忙。

考查名词辨析。Germen形式错误,German的复数形式为Germans;Frenchmen法国人(Frenchman的复数);Germans德国人(German的复数);Japanese日本,日本人;Japaneses表述错误,Japanese单复同形。分析第一处可知,此处表示“某国人”,其前有Some修饰,所以用其复数形式,排除A;分析第二处可知,此处表示“日本人”,其前有many修饰,所以用其复数形式,又因为Japanese的复数形式也是Japanese。故选C。5.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:这是Mary, 那个是Kate, 她们是我的好朋友。

考察代词和名词复数。根据句意,这里代指Mary和Kate,所以用她们they, 因为主语是两个人,所以friend也用复数形式,故选B。

6.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:当我的妈妈是小女孩的时候,她经常记日记。

考查一般过去时及名词复数。根据“…when she was a young girl.”可知此句是描绘过去的事,因此用一般过去时,排除A和B;diary为可数名词,记日记可以用单数形式a diary或者复数形式diaries。故选C。

7.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——凯特,我下周要去广州动物园,因为我有一个三天的假期。——你的意思是你有三天不用上班?噢,太棒了!

考查复合形容词结构。 three-day是复合形容词做前置定语,用连字符连接,当作一个整体形容词,连接后不再加复数,修饰可数名词单数holiday;第二个空have+一段时间+off表示休息几天的假期,off是副词,不需要用连字符形式的形容词修饰,三天时间,three days,故选A。

8.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:好的饮食和锻炼帮助她学习更好。

考查名词辨析及非谓语动词。exercise锻炼,运动,是不可数名词;练习,早操,可数名词。study学习,动词原形;studies第三人称单数形式;studying动名词或现在分词形式;to study动词不定式。根据句意可知,第一个空中的exercise指“锻炼”,是不可数名词,没有复数形式,先排除C和D;第二个空考查句型help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”,故选A。

9.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——玲玲,你的兴趣是什么?——我真的喜欢在晚上读令人感兴趣的故事。

考查可数名词及形容词作定语。interest兴趣;interesting令人感兴趣的。根据答句中“I really enjoy reading _____ stories at night.”可知推出问句问的是兴趣,再由be动词is可知

your后接名词单数形式interest;stories前要用形容词作定语,用interesting符合题意。故选C。

10.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:莉莉和尼克的妈妈通常在周末为他们做饭。

考查名词所有格及代词宾格。根据句意:莉莉和尼克的妈妈通常在周末为他们做饭。第一个空,这里应该用名词所有格形式,Lily's and Nick's莉莉的和尼克的,表示各自拥有;Lily and Nick's莉莉和尼克的,表示共同拥有;根据mother是单数,可知应该是共同拥有一个妈妈,因此A,B选项不正确。第二个空,their他们的,形容词性物主代词;them他们,宾格;这里介词for后用宾格;因此C选项不正确;故选D。

11.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:我姐姐和我喜欢吃两份色拉和一些鸡蛋作为晚餐。它们真的很好吃。

考查名词单复数。salad色拉;egg鸡蛋。分析句意,我和姐姐喜欢晚餐吃两份色拉和一些鸡蛋。第一个空前是two,此处表示份数,所以用复数,第二个空前有some,此处表示完整的蛋,所以也用复数。故选B。

【点睛】

salad既可做物质名词又可做个体名词,当表示物质的时候是不可数的,但表示个体的时候是可数的。egg基本上完好的蛋,称的上可数名词,打碎掉或是蛋内物质,俚语之类,那么就是不可数名词。

12.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这些房间是麦克和杰克的吗?

考查名词所有格。is单数;are复数;room房间,单数;rooms复数;题干中“Mike’ s and Jack’s”表示,麦克的房间和杰克的房间,至少有两间,room用复数形式,谓语动词用are。故选C。

【点睛】

本题中注意名词所有格,当表示两个名词分别拥有时,在每个名词之后分别加’s;当表示两者共有时,在后面的名词之后加一个’s即可。

13.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:提高你的阅读速度,否则你不能在100分钟的有限时间内完成英语阅读材料。

考查“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构和名词所有格。Increase动词原形;To increase动词不定式;Increasing现在分词。分析第一处可知,此处构成“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构,所以使用动词原形。100 minutes’ 100分钟的,名词复数的所有格;a 100-minute一个100分钟的;100-minutes’错误的表达方式。分析第二处可知,此处用于句中作定语修饰其后的名词time,又因为time不可数,其前不能用不定冠词修饰。故选A。

14.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——选秀节目越来越受欢迎了。——确实是。很多人都很有天赋。

考查名词作定语和形容词作表语。talent名词,talented形容词。分析第一处可知,此处构成“talent shows”短语,翻译为“选秀节目”,使用名词作定语;分析第二处可知,此处用于be动词are后,所以使用形容词形式作表语。故选B。

15.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:昨天一位运动员比赛迟到了。

考查“one of the+名词复数”的用法。plays动词三单;player名词单数;playing动名词;players名词复数。分析句子可知,此处构成“one of the+名词复数”结构,翻译为“……之一”。故选D。

16.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:我想要买两袋面包。

考查不可数名词。bread面包,是不可数名词,排除A和B,不可数名词用量词修饰,当大于1时,量词用复数,排除C,故选D。

17.B

解析:B

【解析】

句意:妈妈看了看她的两个儿子说:“它取决于我孩子们的意见。”children孩子们,是名词

child的复数形式;children’s是复数名词的所有格形式;child孩子,单数;child’s单数名词的所有格形式。根据句意her two sons可知,这里有两个孩子,应用复数形式,排除C和D。复数名词children的名词所有格形式是直接在其后面直接加's,children's表示“孩子们的”,修饰后面的名词decision,故选B。

点睛:1.名词所有格及其用法。一般在词尾加’s。以-s或-es结尾的复数名词只加’;不规则复数名词在词尾加’s,如children’s。两者或两者以上共同所有,把’s加在最后的名词上;表示各自拥有某件东西时,每个名词都要用所有格形式。表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命东西的名词,也可以加“'s”来构成所有格。

2. some much, a lot of 等与不可数名词连用,表示大概的数量。表示不可数名词的确切的数量,我们可以在其前面加上表示单位的量词。如:a piece of , a cup of , two bowls of等表示确切数量的词。

18.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:让我们预祝美食节圆满成功。

考查wish的用法和词意。succeed成功,动词;success成功,名词;successful成功的,形容词。句中的wish后接双宾语表示祝愿。即:wish sb. sth.因此后面应该用名词。故选B。19.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:他的脚大吗?

考查一般疑问句和名词复数。根据选项以及主语是he(第三人称单数),可知第一个空格要用does来提问;根据does是助动词,其后要跟动词原形,根据这一点,可排除答案A。结合题意和选项,可知句子说的意思是:他的脚大吗?这里的脚,肯定是两只脚,故用复数。foot的复数形式是feet。故选B。

20.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:许多学生将参加运动会,他们的人数超过了300人。

本题考查主谓一致和名词的复数形式。students是复数形式;student是单数形式;are是复数形式;is是第三人称单数形式。a number of“许多”,修饰复数名词,作主语,谓语用复数形式;the number of “……的数量”,修饰复数名词,作主语,谓语用单数形式。故选C。

21.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:这匹斑马是非洲的动物,它现在住在非洲。

考查名词及形容词的用法。Africa非洲。名词;African非洲的,形容词。第一空后有名词,所以应该用形容词,第二空在介词之后应该用表示国家的名词。故选B。

22.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:那是你的照片吗?

考查名词。a picture一幅图片;photos照片,复数名词;photoes照片,复数形式错误;picture图片,单数名词;根据句意理解及句中的谓语动词is可知,这里指的是“一张照片”,而空格前有物主代词your修饰,所以名词前不需要再用冠词修饰,故选D。

【点睛】

英语中一个单数可数名词前如果有其他的修饰词修饰,则不需要再用冠词来修饰。比如本题中已经有your物主代词修饰,所以这里就不需要再用冠词。

23.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:玛丽,请给我拿些橙汁来。

考查名词辨析,A. orange Cn.橙子&Un.橙汁;B. pear Cn.梨子;C. tomato Cn.西红柿。观察句子some修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词,故选A。

24.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:桌子上有些土豆和茶。

考查名词复数。根据题目中的some和are可知就近原则,紧接着单词是可数名词复数形式, B选项的chicken在这里是不可数名词,C和D选项中的tomato的复数形式是tomatoes,这三个选项都错误;A选项potatoes和tea符合题意。故选A。

【点睛】

some 后一般接可数名词复数或者直接加不可数名词。例如上题中的some也可以加不可数

名词,但由于There be就近原则,be动词就决定some后面只能加可数名词复数。因此,碰到这类题时一定要综合考虑。

25.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:它离这大约步行10分钟。

考查名词所有格。minute分钟,根据所给空前面的ten可知,应该用minute的复数形式,排除B和D,由所给空后面的walk可知,应该是10分钟的路程,用名词所有格形式,复数名词的名词所有格,如果名词复数是以s结尾的,直接加’即可,排除C,故选A。

初中英语语法名词知识点讲解及专项练习

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人教版初中英语单词全册

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名词的用法 机场工作人员问:Who are you flying with?(你坐哪家航空公司?)我答:Myself。对方大囧,一笑之后补充:Which airline? An airport staffer asked me "Who are you flying with?" and I said "Myself." He was surprised and then laughed, adding "Which airline?" 原来Who在英语里也可以泛指航空公司等群体或组织。"Who" in English can also refer to a group or an organization such as airlines. C-名词单复数 普通名词指一类人或事物的名称。英语中普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词一般有单、复数两种形式。不可数名词之前不可直接用泛指限定词和数词。 (一)可数名词及其复数形式 (1)可数名词的复数形式一般由词尾加-s或-es构成,其规则见下表: 类别构成法读音例词 一般情况加-s 在清辅音后读/s/ maps, books

这类集合名词包括baggage / luggage(行李), clothing(衣服), furniture(家具), machinery(机 器), poetry(诗),scenery(风景), jewelry(珠宝), equipment(设备)等, 其用法特点为:是不可数名词,只用单数形式,不用不定冠词(当然更不能用数词),没有复数形式。如: Our clothing protects us from [against] the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒。 Have you checked all your baggage? 你所有的行李都托运了吗? 第五类补充几个常考的集合名词 除上面提到的四类集合名词外,以下几个集合名词也应重点注意(因为它们也是常考考点):1. hair(头发,毛发):指全部头发或毛发时,为集合名词(不可数);指几根头发或毛发时,为个体名词(可数)。 小练习; 1.They are________ A: man doctor B: men doctors C: men doctor D: man doctors 2.There are five____ in the hill. A: sheep B: sheeps C: goose D: deers 3. Those white socks ____ small. A: are B: is C: am D: do 4.We have many_____in our school. A: woman teacher B: women teachers C: woman teachers D: women teacher 5.Do you like _____? A: vegetable B: vegetables C: an vegetable BAABB C-专有名词 专有名词用来指具体的人、地点、日子或物体的专有名称。其特点是:第一个字母大写,通常不与冠词连用,无复数形式。 (一)人名 英美人的姓名与中国人的恰恰相反,姓在后面,名在前面,姓名前通常不用冠词。

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