中考英语 专题03 冠词试题(含解析)

专题03 冠词

?解读考点

冠词的定义

冠词是一种虚词。没有词义，没有数和格的变化，不能单独使用。它位于名词前面，只能帮助名词或起名词作用的其它词说明其意义。习惯上人们把冠词分为不定冠词(a／an)和定冠词(the)两种。英语中冠词虽少，但是它们的使用频率却相当高。

直击考点

1.不定冠词

2.定冠词

3.零冠词

【名师点睛】

一、不定冠词 a ／ an 的用法

冠词位于名词之前，用来修饰名词并帮助说明名词的含义的词叫做冠词。

冠词分为定冠词和不定冠词。不定冠词（ a ／ an）不定冠词有 a 和 an 两种形式。以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前用 a，以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前用 an。不定冠词的用法列举如下：

１、用于单数可数名词前，表示一类。

① A train goes faster than a horse. 火车比马快。

２、第一次提到某人或某物。 The old man has a son. 这位老人有一个儿子。

３、表示单位，意思是“ 每一” 。 My friend calls me once a week. 我朋友一周打一次电话给我。４、用在表示职业或身份的名词前。 My mother is an office worker. 我的妈妈是办公室职员。５、用在 what 引导的感叹句中的单数可数名词前。

What a difficult problem! 多么难的问题啊！

６、用于固定短语中。

(1)have a swim／walk／talk／dance／look=swim／walk／ talk/dance／look

(2)have a cold，have a good time，keep a diary，in a hurry．once in a while，at a loss(不知所措)，for a while，once upon a time，all of a sudden，tell a lie，do sb．a favor，at a distance(隔开一段距离)

(3)what a／such a／quite a／rather a+单数可数名词

too／as／so／how／however + adi+ a+单数可数名词

二、定冠词 t he 的用法

1.特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。

The pen is in the pencil box. 这支钢笔在这个文具盒里。

2.用于谈话双方都知道的名词前。 Can you open the door, please? 请你把门打开，好吗？

3.用于第二次提到的人或事物的名词前。

There is a cat under that tree. The cat is Lily’s. 那棵树下有一只猫，那只猫是莉莉的。

4.用在表示独一无二的名词前。

the sun 太阳， the earth 地球， the moon 月亮

5.用于江、河、湖、海、山、川、岛屿等名词前。

the West Lake 西湖， the Yellow River 黄河， the Atlantic 大西洋

6.用于乐器名词前。

The little girl can play the violin. 这个小女孩会拉小提琴。

7.用在姓氏复数形式之前，表示某人一家或夫妇二人。

The Whites are going to the zoo. 怀特一家人准备去动物园。

8.用在序数词和形容词最高级前。

September is the ninth month of the year. 9月是一年中的第九个月份。

9.和某些形容词连用表示一类人。

⑦ old should be spoken to politely by the young. 年轻人对老年人讲话应有礼貌。

10．用在固定搭配中。

in the morning在早晨 in the end最后 on the whole总之 on the right在右边

the next morning第二天早上 go to the cinema去看电影

all the year round全年 at the same time同时

on the other hand另一方面 the other day不久前的某天

in the distance在远处 for the time being暂时

at the moment此刻 in the way挡道

out of the question不可能 by the way顺便说一下

三．不用冠词的情况

1.表示乘某种交通工具，用“ by ＋名词”，名词必须用单数形式，并且在它前面不能加任何冠词。

I usually go to school by bike. 我通常骑自行车去学校。

2.在季节、月份、星期几等名词前。

There are four seasons in a year. They are spring, summer, autumn and winter. 一年有四季，它们是春、夏、秋、冬。

What do you often do on Sundays? 周日你经常做什么？

3.在表示体育运动的名词前。

We often play football on Friday afternoon. 周五下午我们通常踢足球。

4.在表示一般意义而不是特指的可数名词复数和不可数名词前。

Watching TV too much is bad for your health. 看电视过多有害你的健康。

5.在序数词前出现形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时，序数词前不加冠词。

This is her third time to go to Hainan. 这是她第三次去海南。

6.在三餐和表示学科的名词之前。 He had lunch at school yesterday. 他昨天在学校吃的午饭。

7.在某些固定词组或习语中。 in hospital 在医院 at school 在学校 at home 在家

?2年中考

[2014年题组]

1. 【2014年辽宁省沈阳市中考】Newcastle upon Tyne is in _____ north-east of England

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. (不填)

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：泰恩河上的纽尔卡斯在英格兰的东北部。结合语境可知本句特指在某个地方，故用定冠词，选C。

考点：考查冠词

2. 【2014年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考】— Why did you laugh just now？

— Ted wanted to tell us ______ very funny story, but he forgot ______ ending himself.

A. a; an

B. the; the

C. the; a

D. a; the

【答案】D

考点：考查冠词

3. 【2014年内蒙古通辽市中考】 Do you think orange car can reach that speed in hour?

A. an; a

B. the; a

C. an; the

D. the; an

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：你认为这两橘黄色的汽车一小时内能达到那个速度吗？结合语境可知前一空特指某辆汽车，故用定冠词。后一空表示数量一的含义，故不用不定冠词，hour词首音素是元音，故不定冠词用an，选D。

考点：考查冠词

4. 【2014年四川省内江市中考】-- Would you like to come my party this afternoon？

——I'd like to,but my mother is ill in ____ hospital . I will go to _____ hospital to see her.

A.不填; a

B.a;the

C. the;the

D.不填;the

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：你今天下午愿意来参加我的聚会吗？——我想来，但是我的母亲生病住院了．我要去医院看她。结合语境可知前一空hospital表示抽象含义，故前面不用冠词，后一空特指母亲住的医院，故用定冠词，选D。

考点：考查冠词

5. 【2014年浙江省丽水市中考】Mrs. Smith has ______ 8-year-old daughter who has won two national painting prizes.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. 不填

【答案】B

句意：史密斯先生有一个八岁的女儿，曾经两次赢得国家绘画比赛。结合语境可知本句中泛指某一类人，

故用不定冠词。8词首音素是元音，故不定冠词用an，选B。

考点：考查冠词

[2015年题组]

1. 【2015年江苏省苏州市中考英语试题】Some small shops in Britain usually close for hour at lunchtime.

A. an; the

B. a; 不填

C. a; the

D. an; 不填

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：英国一些小商店通常在午餐时关门一小时。一小时，表示“一……”，用不定冠词，hour 的第一个音/a?/是元音，前用an；在午餐时：at lunchtime固定搭配，中间无冠词。故选Ｄ。

【考点定位】考查冠词。

2.【2015年广东省初中毕业生学业考试英语试题】--Do you like _____ movie Big Hero 6 ? -- Yes, it is _____ interesting film. I like it very much.

A. a,an

B. the,an

C. a,the

D. the, a

【答案】B

【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。

3. 【贵州省安顺市2015年中考英语试题】—Have you seen film where are we going， Daddy?

—Yes，it’s quite interesting film so that I have seen it twice.

A. a； the

B. the； an

C. a； an

D. the； the

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：--你看过那部《爸爸，去哪儿》的电影吗？--是的，它是相当有趣的一部电影，所以我看过两次了。不定冠词a/an表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个，经常用在第一次提到某人或某物时，用

不定冠词起介绍作用，表示一个。a用于辅音音素前an用于元音音素前。定冠词特指某(些)人或某(些)事物，以区别于同类中其他的人或事物，特指前文出现过的事物或说话双方都知道的事物。结合句意，可知第一空特指《爸爸，去哪儿》的电影，第一空表示介绍，故选B。

【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。

4. 【湖南省娄底市2015年中考英语试题】—I can play_______piano.

—Wow, you’re so great.

A. a

B. an

C. the

【答案】C

【考点定位】考查冠词的用法。

5．【湖南省益阳市2015年中考英语试题】—Have you seen ______ film Where Are We Going, Dad?

—Yes. It’s ______ interesting film.

A．a; the B．the; an C．a; an

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：-你看过电影《爸爸去哪儿》吗？-是的，看过。它是一部有趣的电影。a/an是不定冠词，修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指。an用于元音发音开头的单词前；the是定冠词，表示特指。根据句意可知，第一个空表示特指《爸爸去哪儿》这部电影，用the；第二个空是一部有趣的电影，interesting是元音开头的，故用an，选B。

【考点定位】考查冠词。

?考点归纳

冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一，也是中考考查的主要对象。以上口诀包括的意思有：

①名词在一般情况下不单用，常常要和冠词连用;

②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an，确指时要用定冠词the;

③如复数名词表示泛指，名词前有this，these，my，some等时就不用冠词。

考点一：a/an的区别 a用在辅音音素开头的单词前，an用在元音音素开头的单词前。提醒：与字母无关

②数字8,11前用an。an 8-year-old boy, a 110-word letter

③首字母不发音的单词：hour, honest。an hour, an honest boy

④以u开头的单词如果发/ju:/，则用a。a university, a useful book, an umbrella, an uncle

考点二：the, a 区别。the是特指，a是泛指。

考点三：“a+比较级+名词”，表示“一个更……的……”

考点四：“the+比较级”特指两者中“更……”，一般与of the two连用。

考点五：零冠词①名词前已有指示代词，物主代词，不定代词或名词所有格等修饰语时，用零冠词。②三餐、球类、学科前。③与by连用的交通工具名词前。提醒：by sea 乘船 by the sea在海边

?易错易混

１、不定冠词 a，an 的区别 a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前，判断一个词是元音开头，还是辅音开头，是根据其读音，而不是根据其字母。

如：It’s an interesting movie. 它是一部很有趣的电影。

There is an “ h” in the word “ hour” . 单词 hour里面有一个 h。

（１）在 26个字母中，前面用 an 的字母有“ a， e， f， h， i， l，m， n， o， r， s，x” ，其他用 a。

（２）要注意区别以 u 开头的单词 an umbrella， an unusual story， an unhapp y boy， a university，a useful book

【速记口诀】确定用“ a” 还是“ an” ，不看字母看读音：不见“ 原因（元音）” 别施“ 恩（n）” 。

2、有、无定冠词的区别以下词组中加定冠词 the 或不加冠词时，意义有较大差异。

in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在医院 at table 在吃饭 at the table 坐在桌边 in prison 坐牢 in the prison 在监狱里 in front of 在（……外部的）前面 in the front of 在（……内部的）前部 go to school 上学 go to the school 到那所学校去 go to college 上大学 go to the college 到那所大学去 leave school 毕业 leave the school 离开学校 on earth 究竟 on the earth 在地球上

3、序数词前面用定冠词与不定冠词的区别

“ the ＋序数词” 表示“ 第几” ；“ a ＋序数词” 表示“ 又一，再一” 。

如： You are so close to the answer. Try a second time. 你很接近答案了，再试一次。

4、a number of 与 the number of a number of 意思是“ 许多”，相当于 a lot of；the number of 意

思是“ ……的数目，……的数量” ，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。

如： A number of people come here on vocation in summer. 许多人夏天的时候来这里度假。

The number of the birds is decreasing every year. 每年鸟的数量都在递减。

5、a、an 特殊位置

（１）当名词被 such， half， what 修饰时，不定冠词放在这些词后。

如： I have never seen such a beautiful bird before. 我从未见过如此美丽的鸟儿。

He bought half a kilo of pork. 他买了半斤猪肉。

What an amazing flower! 多迷人的花儿呀！

（２）当名词前面的形容词前有 so，how，too 等词时，不定冠词应放在形容词后。

如： He is so forgetful a person that you have to remind him of something again and again. 他是如此健忘的一个人，一件事你不得不一遍一遍地提醒他。

How tall a tree it is! 这树多高呀！

（３）当名词前面有形容词 quite，rather 或 very时，不定冠词置于 quite 和 rather 之后，very 之前。

如： quite an attractive film 一部吸引人的电影

rather a lazy guy 一个相当懒惰的家伙

a very smart boy 一个非常机灵的男孩

例1：乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。

[误] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.

[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.

[析] 1.表示“……一家人”用结构“the + 姓氏复数”；

2.our 一词的第一个字母不发音，它是以元音音素开头的，所以“一小时”要用 an hour；

3.用介词by表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时，交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。

例2：A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _______ second.

A. /

B. the

C. a

D. an

例3. _______ India and China are of _______ same continent.

A./; the

B. The the

C. /; /

D. /; a

【解析】此题容易误选D。这是由于受汉语思维的影响造成的，因为译成汉语时这句话的意思是“印度和中国在同一个大洲”，汉语里说“同一个”，在英语中要说“the same”，这就是此题的陷阱所在。正确答

案为A。

?解题技能

1、根据对冠词部分全国各地中考试题的分析可知，今后该部分考点主要分布在单项选择、完形填空和短

文改错三大题型之中。冠词和数词部分主要考查的有：

2、不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词的基本用法。

3、冠词常见的习惯搭配用法。

4、部分物质名词抽象名词具体化之后的冠词用法。

5、冠词的位置

6．基数词的用法

7．序数词的用法

?1年模拟

1.（辽宁省大石桥市水源二中2015届中考模拟英语试题）The leaders from all over the world met and discussed the importance of working

together in APEC-China 2014.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. / 【答案】C

考点：考查冠词的用法。

2.（江苏省江阴市华士片2014届九年级下学期模拟考试英语试卷）----- Is __________ magazine yours, Joe?

----- No, I don’t have ________ magazine.

A. a; a

B. the; the

C. the; a

D. a; the

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意为：---乔，这是你的杂志吗？---不是，我没有杂志。a/an均可修饰单数可数名词，表示

泛指，相当于one；a用于辅音发音开头的词前, an用于元音发音开头的词前。the用于特指，表示说话双方都知道的人或物。根据语境可知，说话者询问的是双方都知道的“杂志”，而应答者表示说自己没有一本杂志，故应选C。

考点：考查冠词的用法。

3.（广东省东莞市寮步信义学校2015届九年级二模考试英语试题）Look at ______ boy wearing a brown hat. Is he _________ university student?

A.the, a

B. a, an

C. the, an

D. a, a

【答案】A

考点：考查冠词的用法

4.（湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团2015届九年级下学期期中联考英语试题）_____ Greens are going to Sochi, one of _____ liveliest cities in Russia.

A.The, the B．/, the C. The, /

【答案】A

考点：考查冠词。

5.(浙江省杭州市拱墅区2015年中考一模) –What cold weather!

-Yes. But it’s_______ unusual experience for us. We normally live in a hot place.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：天气真冷啊！是的，但是这对我们是一个不寻常的经历，我们通常住在炎热的地方。经历的可数名词，要用冠词，Unusual不寻常的，读音以元音开头，冠词用an,故此题选B。

考点：考查冠词的用法。

6.完形填空（福建省龙海二中、四中、实验中学2015届九年级上学期期末联考英语试题）

Is your schoolbag too heavy? The e-schoolbag will help you. It is said that e-schoolbags are going to be brought into 46 in Chinese middle schools soon.

Heavy schoolbags have been a serious 47 for a long time. But the e-schoolbag will 48 . An e-schoolbag is 49 lighter than a usual schoolbag. Perhaps, the e-schoolbag should be 50 an e-textbook. It is a small computer for students. It is as 51 as a usual book, 52 it can still have all the things for study, such as textbooks, exercise books and so on which can be made 53 chips(芯片) like stamps. The students can read the text page by page on the screen, take notes, or even send e-mails to their teachers. They only need to 54 the right chip into the e-schoolbag. Then they can use it.

Some people say 55 e-textbooks can be easily broken, while others say it is not good for eyes. But only time will tell.

46. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3b18703696.html,e https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3b18703696.html,eful https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3b18703696.html,ed D.to use

47. A.idea B.problem C.question D.thought

48. A.work it out B.work out it C.work out D.work them out

49. A.very B.much C.too D.so

50. A.call B.calls C.called D.callin g

51. A.small B.smaller C.smallest D.most small

52. A.and B.as C.or D.but

53. A.into B.from C.up D.of

54. A.bring B.get C.take D.put

55. A.if B.what C.that D.which

【答案】

46.A

47.B

48.A

49.B

50.C

51.A

52.D

53.A

54.D

55.C

55.C考查连词。e-textbooks can be easily broken,是陈述句的宾语从句故用that引导。据上下文可知，

该句句意应为：有人说电子书容易坏。故该题正确答案为C. 考点：科普类短文。

2017年山东烟台英语中考试题及解析

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