精读考试卷
Time is important. Everybody has 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Once a day in your life is gone, it will never come back. If you love life, you should not waste time.
Time is difficult to control and easy to waste. If you don’t control it, it will control you. If you don’t make it work for you, it will work against you. So you must become the master of time, not its servant, if you seriously wish to get the most out of college. The best way to use your time is to plan it well.
2009-2010学年度第一学期英语系2009级精读考试卷（B）
Test Paper (B) for Grade 2009
Part I. Fill in blanks with words or expressions given below. Change the form where necessary. (20%)
occupy conquer fold draw involve
minor contact retire solve enable
1. After writing the letter, John ____ it and put it in an envelope.
2. As the Spring Festival ____ near, the house wives are getting much busier.
3. Being a sailor ____ long periods of time away from home.
4. The boy _____ his fear of the dark and walked alone in the woods at night.
5. Though she is nearly 65, Mary doesn’t want to _____.
6. He made a careful study of the problem and ____ it within two days.
7. This new technique will ____ them to double their production.
8. I’ll ____ you by telephone when I hear anything new.
9. Jim had a ____ problem with his car, but he fixed it himself.
10. His time is fully _____ by his job as manager.
Part II. Choose the best answer: (10 %)
1. _______, the wire becomes longer
A. To heat B. Having heated C. Being heated D. Heating
4. European football is played in 80 countries, ____ it the most popular sport in the world.
A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
3. There is no reason _______ women should do more housework.
A. why B. when C. where D. what
4. The size of the audience, ______ we had expected, was a thousand.
A. whom B. as C. who D. that
5. There is no rule ______ has exceptions.
A. but B. that C. which D. it
6. We need a chairman ______ everyone has confidence.
A. whom B. in whom C. who D. in who
7. Let ABC be a triangle ______ sides are of unequal length.
A. to which B. with which C. whose D. on which
8. Have you bought the same dictionary ______ I referred to yesterday?
A. that B. as C. which D. of which
9. He is no longer the man _______he was.
A. that B. of that C. how D. what
10. The sun warms the earth, _______makes it possible for plants to grow.
A. what B. this C. that D. which
Part III. Reading Comprehension (30%)
Passage 1
All the housewives who went to the new supermarket had one great ambition: to be the lucky customer who did not have to pay for her shopping. For this was what the notic
e just inside the entrance promised. It said: “Remember, once a week, one of our customers gets free goods. This May Be Your Lucky Day!”
For several weeks Mrs. Edwards hoped, like many of her friends, to be the lucky customer. Unlike her friends, she never gave up hoping. The cupboards in kitchen were full of things which she did not need. Her husband tried to advise her against buying things but failed. She dreamed of the day when the manager of the supermarket would approach her and say: “Madam, this is Your Lucky Day. Everything in your basket is free.”
One Friday morning, after she had finished her shopping and had taken it to her car, she found that she had forgotten to buy any tea. She dashed back to the supermarket, got the tea and went towards the cash-desk. As she did so, she saw the manager of the supermarket approach her. “Madam,” he said, holding out his hand, “I want to congratulate you! You are our lucky customer and everything you have in your basket is free!”
1. The housewives learnt about the free goods _______.
A. on TV B. from the manager
C. at the supermarket D. from the newspaper
2. Mrs. Edwards ________.
A. is always very lucky B. had no friends
C. hoped to get free shopping D. gets disappointed easily
3. Mrs. Edwards’s husband tried to ________.
A. make her unhappy B. cheer her up
C. buy things with her D. stop her buying things
4. Mrs. Edwards went back to the supermarket quickly because she had to _______.
A. buy another thing B. talk to the manager
C. pay for her shopping D. find her shopping
5. Mrs. Edwards must have been ________.
A. pleased B. delighted C. proud D. disappointed
Passage 2
Fire fighters are peacetime soldiers. They are always ready to fight a fire when it turns from friend to enemy. The fire chief is in charge. The chief, who often wears a white hat, is like a general commanding troops, the fire fighters. In response to the chief's orders, fire fighters carry out certain drills that they have practiced.
At a fire, the chief orders the first hose line to be stretched inside the building. This first host line is most important t because it puts out more than 95 percent of all fires. At the same time the pump operator (the person who drives the pump truck) attaches the pump to a fire hydrant. Water rushes from the water main into the pump. Other fire fighters attach to the pump the long hose that has been carried into the building ---- upstairs, downstairs, or wherever the fire is. They all work at once, each one knowing just what to do. When the hose is in place, the pump operator turns on the pump. The
pump can drive water under great pressure up several stories. Extra hoses protect those who are fighting close to the flames and are in great danger. Sometimes the chief orders a second hose stretched up a fire escape and in through a window.
In high city buildings the ladder truck is just as important as the pump truck. Fire fighters raise ladders and throw them aeainst the buildings. They may reach as high as ten stories. Fire fighters can climb the ladder and rescue people trapped far above the street. People may be screaming from a window because the fire has blocked the stairs. Or the fire fighters may find unconscious people. Often they have to put these people over their shoulders and carry them down the ladders. This over-the-shoulder way of carrying people is called "the fire fighter's carry".
People may also be lowered to the ground with ropes. And as a last resort ---- if there is no other way to save a trapped person ---- fire fighters may spread a net into which the person can jump. This is a dangerous measure because even with a net, the person can be badly hurt by a jump from a high window.
6. Fire fighters are compared to ______.
A. soldiers B. generals C. friends D. enemies
7. The main idea of the second paragraph is _____.
A. about how the fire chief works
B. that the fire hose line is extremely important
C. how to fight a fire
D. how to use water in fire fighting
8. The first hose line stretched inside a building on fire puts out _____.
A. all fires B. nearly all fires C. few fires D. no fires
9. In fire fighting, fighters take the following actions except ____.
A. stretching a hose line
B. attaching a pump to the fire hydrant, and a long hose to the pump
C. turning on pump
D. rushing water into the pump
10. Extra hoses are used mainly for the purpose of _____.
A. making the first hose line longer and closer to the fire
B. driving water up several stories
C. protecting fire fighters who are close to the flames and in great danger
D. protecting people who are trapped in the building
Passage 3
I began to smoke when I was in high school. In fact, I remember the evening I was at a girlfriend’s house, and we were watching a movie—a terribly romantic movie. He (the hero of the movie) was in love, she (his lady) was beautiful, and they were both smoking. My friend had only two cigarettes from a pack in her mother’s purse, and she gave one to me. It was my first time.
My parents didn’t care much. They both smoked, and my older brother did too. My mother told me that smokers don’t grow tall, but I was already5’6” (taller than most of the boys in my class), so I was happy to hear that “fact”. In school, the teachers talked against smoking, but the cigarette advertisements were so exciting. The men in the ads were so good-looking and so successful, and the women were well, they were beautiful and sophisticated(老于世故的).
I read a book called how to stop smokin
g. The writer said that smoking wastes time, and that cigarettes cost a lot of money. “So what?” I thought, the book didn’t say that smoking can take away years of your life. But ten years later, everyone began to hear about the negative effects of cigarette smoke: lung disease, cancer, and heart problems. After that, there was a health warning on every pack of cigarettes. I didn’t pay much attention to the reports and warnings. I felt healthy, and I thought I was taking good care of myself.
Then two events changed my mind. First, I started to cough. I thought it was just a cold, but it didn’t get better. Second, my brother got lung cancer. He got sicker and sicker. My brother and I used to smoke cigarettes together over twenty years age, and we smoked our last cigarettes together the day before he died. I sat with him in his hospital room, and I decided to quit. “NO more cigarettes, ever,” I said to myself.
However, it was very hard to stop, Nicotine(尼古丁)is a drug; as a result, cigarettes cause a powerful addiction. I tried several times to quit on my own—without success. I made excuses. I told myself: Smoking helps me keep my figure—i.e. I don’t gain weight when I smoke. Smoking not only relaxes me but it also helps me think clearly. I’m a free, liberated woman. I can smoke when I want to.
Finally, I ran out of excuses—I might say my excuses went up in smoke. I joined the “Stop Smoking” program at the local hospital, which also ended up in failure.
11 How the writer started smoking shows the powerful influence of
A educational institutions
B one’s social status
C the mass media
D public opinions
12 The “fact” in Paragraph 2 refers to
A her admiration for the men in the ads
B her mother’s warning that smokers don’t grow tall
C her height of 5’6”
D the teachers’ negative attitude towards smoking
13 The book called How to Stop Smoking
A cost the writer a lot of time to read
B was not taken seriously by the writer
C warned the reader of the risk of lung cancer.
D left the writer in confusion
14 The writer decided to quit smoking partly because
A she could not afford any more cigarettes.
B her doctor had advised her to do so
C her brother had given up smoking.
D she had started to cough
15 The writer found it hard to quit smoking because
A she had been addicted to nicotine.
B she had been putting on weight.
C she could not think clearly.
D she was an independent woman.
Part IV. Cloze (10%)
As Christmas drew near, the boy made it clear to his parents that nothing __1__ a pony would satisfy him. He insisted on this with ___2__ at all other suggestions, __3__ his parents choose anything other than his dearest wish. On Christmas morning, he was surprised and __4__ because there was nothing in his stocking. At first he was__5__, feeling that he had been __6__. Then anger turned to__7__, and he broke __8__ tears while his parents__9__watched him. At last, however, he
__10__ sight of a man delivering a pony; and his sadness turned into happiness when he learned that the pony was for him.
1. A. and B. but C. / D. with
2. A. patient B. impatient C. impatience D. impatiently
3. A. if B. lest C. with D. as
4. A. miserable B. happy C. glad D. laugh
5. A. indifferent B. intelligent C. diligent D. indignant
6. A. wrong B. right C. wronged D. mistake
7. A. misery B. happiness C. kindness D. goodness
8. A. on B. into C. in D. to
9. A. anxious B. anxiously C. happily D. impatiently
10. A. catch B. had C. took D. caught
Part V. Translate the following sentences. (30%)
1. 请一定不要忘记离家前你父母对你说过的话。
2. 幸好附近有家医院，我们立刻把他送到了那里。
3. 那位名演员似乎很乐意在剧中扮演一个次要角色。
4. 众所周知，肺癌至少部分地是由于吸烟过多而引起的。
5. 对护士来说，坚持这项规定是很重要的。
6. He is determined to continue this experiment but this time he’ll do it another way.
7. I’m sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job.
8. After reading the letter the old man was so disappointed that he tore it into little bits with trembling fingers.
9. I do hope that you can come up with a better solution than this one.
10. Amy used to drink nothing but coffee.
词汇复习范围
Unit 1
reclaim 拿回 要求归还
overdue 早应完成的
avalanche 雪崩；突然来到的大量（of）
trivialize 使显得平凡；轻视
misconstrue 误解
individualism 个人主义
comprise be ~d of 包含
evangelical 福音派/的
underlie 构成~的基础
作为~的原因
accountability 责任
be inclined to 倾向于
intrinsic 固有的 内在的 本身的
stain 把~弄脏 给~着/染色
capacity 能力
beneficiary n. 受益人
遗产继承人
academic 学业的 学术的；
纯理论的，空谈的
学习良好的
solitary 孤零零的 单独的
独居者，隐士
against one’s grain
违反意愿；有违本性
weary 疲惫的 感到不耐烦的（of） 使人疲劳的
adj.&vt. 对==失去兴趣
overwhelm 征服 ；使应接不暇；充溢（感情）
overwhelming 压倒性的
无法抗拒的
Unit 3
red tape 繁文缛节
官僚作风
Surmount 克服 解决
underline强调
souvenir纪念品
count 是重要的
acquaintance 结交
counterpart 同盟
verbal 草本
blunt 直言的 钝的
迟钝的
egalitarian 平等主义的
scarcity 不足，稀少 n.
gallantry （战场）勇敢n.
patronize 对~特别关照
资助
对~以恩人自居
punctuality 守时性
simultaneously 同时地
promi
nent 重要的 杰出的
突出的 显著的
alcoholics 嗜酒者
excessive 过分的
reserved 寡言少语的
预订的
subsequent 【formal】
后来的
Unit 5
miniature 小型的
shrine 圣地
Buddhism 佛教
consensus 共识
memorial 纪念碑（品）n.
纪念的，悼念的
extended 延长了的
cover 包含；覆盖；涉及；
够付；行走（一段路程）；报道
顶替，敷衍（for）
给~保险，掩护
Numerous 众多的 许多的
Variation 变化
minority 少数
metropolitan 大城市的
amenity 便利设施
recruit 征募
life expectancy 预期寿命
circulation 血液循环
传递；流传；流通
（报刊）发行量
pension 养老金
drastically 急剧地 猛烈地
（drastic）
expenditure 花费（钱），消耗（时间、精力、材料等）
infrastructure （国家或机构）基础设施、建设
Unit 8
clergy 神职人员
Christianity 基督教
virtual 几乎~的；事实上的
subject 易受影响的；取决于 ；服从于；（be ~ to）
tolerance 宽容，容忍；耐力；公差（学术）
flourish V. 兴旺；茁壮成长
n. 夸张动作，令人印象深刻的行动；修饰（文辞）
inspiration灵感；给灵感的人或事；鼓舞人心的人/事
universality 普遍性
esteem尊重；好评 n.
be held in high ~ 深受敬重
v. 尊重 a highly ~ed sb.
【正式】认为
cherish 珍爱；抱有（信念、希望） v.
naturalize 使加入~国籍v.
medieval 中世纪的
venerable 值得敬重的
biennial 两年一次的
folklore 民俗，民间传说
repertoire （某人）可表演项目；全部才能
acclaimed 受赞扬的
prestige 威信；声望 n.
令人敬仰的，重要的，贵重的，豪华的，体面的
wax and wane盛衰
cripple 使残废，损害
debut 首次亮相、登台
unprecedented 前所未有的
Unit 10
artifact 飞机
boast v.自夸（about/of）
有（值得自豪的东西）
forebear 祖先
vestige 遗迹，残留部分
（否）丝毫n.
notwithstanding 虽然
fact and fiction
melting pot
astride prep./adv.
multiple 多种多样的
sociability社交性 善于交际
expansiveness 广袤，开朗
trait (个性)特征
tramp 流浪汉
complimentary 免费的；赞美的，表示钦佩的
nostalgic 怀旧的
bequeath （在遗嘱中）把~遗赠给；流传
frequent
melancholy 忧郁，悲伤n
adj. 令人悲哀的
acquire
confrontation 对峙；冲突
prolific
多产的，创作丰富的
versatile
多才多艺的，多面手的
sophisticated 世故的
originality 独创性；创意
individuality 个性
compulsory 义务的 强制的
parochial 教堂的，
地方观念的
enroll 使入学，入伍
登记，记录
Unit 11
itinerant 巡回的，流动的，
（为找工作）四处奔波的
initiate v. 开始，发起；创始使了解，接收~s
b into sth
cater for 为~提供所需
hooliganism 流氓
be confined to 局限于
diversity 多样性
lucrative 有利可图的
合算的
commercialization 商业化
province 范围 领域
availability 实用性
precarious 危险的，不确定的，不稳固的
subsidize 资助；补助
alternative adj. &n.
prior to 在~之前
admission进入权，承认，入场费
pose 造成，产生；摆姿势（for；假扮（as；炫耀（多进行时；姿势，故作姿态
liberalize 放宽对~限制
使~自由化
considerable 相当大/多的
重要的
contradict 反驳 与~相矛盾
caravan 旅行车
Unit 13
Commonwealth
英联邦
exotic 异国的
diversified多样的
thrive 兴旺
crescent新月
wear and tear 磨损
literally 确实地；按字面；简直
bloom 花/健康精神的面貌；开花/变得健康
variety 多种式样；多样性；品种，类别
derive from 起源于，来自
interlace 交错
be ~d with 编扎着~
~ing branches 交错的枝条
stunted 未能充分发展的；发育不良的
dwarf 小矮人，矮子
reptile 爬行动物
descend from 起源于；是~的后裔
multiply 乘；成倍增长
abound （with/in）大量存在
highlight强调v、亮点/挑染的头发
convict 定罪、囚犯
outlet 出路（表现机会）；专营店；排放管
minor offense 轻罪
commemorate 作为~的纪念
aborigines 土著人
boomerang 回力镖n
（on sb.）自食其果
（vi）backfire 事与愿违
keep pace with 跟上
be set in 设定在
relieve
缓和，减轻；使~有趣，调剂；给~换班；relieve oneself
是解手的意思
Unit 15
golden rule 做人准则；指导原则；truth
conglomerate企业集团
attribute把~归因于；认为是~所为（说、写、作）/属性，特征
splendor 光彩；壮丽，辉煌；杰出，显赫
maximum 最大极限的
assumption 假设；承担（责任、权力）
archeological 考古的，考古学的
provincial 省的，一级行政区的；首都以外的；心胸狭隘的；守旧的；迂腐的
speculation推测；炒股（in sth）
antiquity 古代；文物；古迹
brooding幽怨的；森然的；险恶的
paradise天堂；乐土；极乐；伊甸园
random 随机的
at random（n.）
conjure up 使呈现于脑中（眼前）；神奇地出现
altar 圣坛。祭台
crypt教堂地下室
crucify 把~钉在十字架上处死；严惩；折磨；严厉批评
predicament 困境；窘境
animated 兴致勃勃的，活跃的；（画面）栩栩如生的
improvise 临时做；即兴创作（on）
precaution 预防措施
complacency 自满；自得
affront冒犯（to sb）n.
vt. 冒犯，侮辱
transform使改变形态；使改观 vt. (convert)
ingredients 材料
peninsula 半岛
complement补足，使完美；足额（take the full ~ of sth）；补足物（to）
enhance 加强
blossom 花簇；开花，变得健康
（自信、成功）
elite 社会精英
tropical 热带的
[英语读报] 看英语新闻必须记住的60个短语
________________________________________
英语新闻标题总是力求用有限的字数来表达新闻的内容，为此，在措词上尤其要狠下功夫，选词尽可能经济达意、简短明了，偏爱选用那些短小精悍或字母最少的动词。这是因为短小易懂、形象生动的措词不仅能增强新闻的简洁性和可读性，而且还能节省版面篇幅。如表示“破坏”或“损坏”一词意义的动词，标题一般不用 damage，而用一些较之简短的词，如hit，harm，hurt, ruin或wreck等。又如表示“放弃”这一概念的动词，标题一般不用abandon，而用drop，give up，quit，skip或yield 等，表示“爆炸”之类的动词意义时，一般不用 explode，而用blast，crash， ram或smash等词。简而言之，英语新闻标题大都喜欢选用字形短小、音节不多而意义又比较广泛的词。
这类动词在标题中屡见不鲜，读者平时阅读时不妨多加留意，这对于提高英语水平，尤其是熟悉英语同义动词，无疑是大有裨益的。为便于读者更好地理解英语新闻标题，现再列举一些常见诸报端的标题小词，以备不时之需：
aid=assist（帮助，援助）
alter=change or modify（改变）
ask=inquire（询问）
assail=denounce（谴责）
axe=dismiss\\\\reduce（解雇，减少）
balk=impede（阻碍）
ban=prohibit or forbid（禁止）
bar=prevent（防止，阻止）
bare=expose or reveal（暴露，揭露）
blast=explode（爆炸）
begin=commence（开始）
bid=attempt（努力）
bilk=cheat（欺骗）
bolt=desert or abandon（放弃）
boost=increase（增加，提高）
check=examine（检查）
claim=ause the death of...（夺去……的生命）
clash=disagree strong1y（发生分歧，争议）
curb=control or restrict（控制）
dip=decIlne or decrease（下降）
ease=lessen（减轻，缓和）
end=terminate（结束，中止）
flay=criticize（批评）
flout=insult（侮辱）
foil=prevent from（阻止，防止）
grill = investigate（调查）
gut=destroy（摧毁）
head=direct（率领）
hold=arrest（逮捕）
laud=praise（赞扬）
lop=diminish（下降，减少）
map=work out（制订）
mark=celebrate（庆祝）
name=appoint\\\\nominate（命名，提名）
moot=discuss（讨论）
mull=consider（考虑）
nab=arrest（逮捕）
nip=defeat（击败）
ease=lessen（减轻，缓和）
end=terminate（结束，中止）
flay=criticize（批评）
flout=insult（侮辱）
foil=prevent from（阻止，防止）
grill = investigate（调查）
gut=destroy（摧毁）
head=direct（率领）
hold=arrest（逮捕）
laud=praise（赞扬）
lop=
diminish（下降，减少）
map=work out（制订）
mark=celebrate（庆祝）
name=appoint nominate（命名，提名）
moot=discuss（讨论）
mull=consider（考虑）
nab=arrest（逮捕）
nip=defeat（击败）
slay=murder（谋杀）
soar=skyrocket（急剧上升）
spur=encourage（激励，鞭策）
swap=exchange（交流，交换）
sway=influence（影响）
trim=reduce（削减）
vie=compete（竞争）
vow=determine（决心，发誓）
weigh=consider（考虑）
woo=seek to win（争取，追求）
只进不出，再吃东西，肚子会感到极不舒服。以前在家里，出现类似问题，小芳喝瓶酸奶就会奏效。可在上海，她每天喝两三瓶酸奶也不管用。这是为什么呢？通常，便秘的人除了运动量小，就是身体燥热、上火，肠胃蠕动缓慢，再有，就是生活不规律等，早上5点至7点，是人体排泄系统工作的时间，如果周一到周五，能保证在这个时间排便，而一到周末，这个规律就被打破，久而久之，就无规律可言了。实际上，这是小芳一直以来因为睡懒觉，生活不规律造成的。1、冬季更要注意平衡膳食。有人喜欢无所顾忌地猛吃肥甘厚味的肉类食物。这些食物中的硫、磷、氯等化学元素在体内经过氧化代谢，生成酸根阴离子，使人体呈现酸中毒反应，肥胖现象就是这种反映之一。如果在吃肉的同时吃些蔬菜水果，可以起到酸碱平衡的作用。
2、冬季应吃些脂肪含量低、蛋白质含量高的食物。秋季吃猪肉可以润燥，冬季则应少吃猪肉。牛、羊肉蛋白质含量高，脂肪含量低于猪肉，牛、羊肉属于温热性食物，冬季食用，可以促进血液循环，增强人体的御寒能力，并有补血的功能。鸡肉性质甘温，可以温中补气，补精填髓，尤其是祖国独有珍禽乌骨鸡，主治一切虚损之症，有补益强壮，抗衰强身的作用。
3、冬季还提倡多吃鱼，鱼的蛋白质含量高，脂肪含量低，鱼油对人体健康有特殊作用，尤其是鳕鱼的脂肪中，不饱和脂肪酸含量多达40%，是学生营养餐的好原料。但有几种鱼含脂肪高，如鲢鱼、胖头鱼、鳟鱼、白鳝等胖人要少吃。冬季进补防发胖，还应注意烹调方法，多吃炖、蒸、煮的菜，少吃红烧、油炸的菜为宜。