最新中考英语阅读理解选择题经典

最新中考英语阅读理解选择题经典

一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）

1．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

D

If you could see a movie of your life before you lived it, would you want to live it? Probably not. The excitement of living is that you don’t know what’s coming.

Sure, it’s hard to see un certainty in such positive（积极的）light when you’re out of work, or when you feel like you’re failing. But uncertainty is really another word for chance.

When Allison graduated from Harvard, she had chan ces all over the place but had no idea what she wanted to do. She took a job in consulting（咨询）, but she knew she wouldn’t stay there. She took the GRE and scored so high that she was able to increase her income（收入）by teaching students. Still, she didn’t think she wanted to go to graduate school. Allison k new she wasn’t doing what she wanted, but she didn’t know what she wanted.

She worried. All her friends were going to graduate school or starting their own businesses. She was lost and felt that she would never find anything out. After six years, Allison, by having a general（全面的）plan in mind, got married, moved to the Midwest, and used her consulting experience to get a great job. Allison realized that she spent her years finding her way: time well spent, and time we must all take if we’re being honest with ourselves.

The only way to lead an interesting life is to face uncertainty and make a choice. Otherwise your life is not your own—it is a path someone else has chosen. Moments of uncertainty are when you create your life, when you become who you are. Uncertainty usually begins with a job hunt, but it doesn’t end there. Every new role we take on means another round of uncertainty. Instead of fearing it, you should find some ways to deal with uncertainty.

（1）From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that .

A. being out of work is a sad thing

B. uncertainty is what makes life interesting

C. life in a film is more exciting than real life.

D. chance never appears when we need it

（2）What troubles Allison after graduation?

A. She couldn’t find a well-paid job.

B. She had no money to start a business.

C. She was not sure what to do.

D. She didn’t score high enough for graduate school.

（3）How did Allison feel about her six years’ working experience?

A. Uncertain.

B. Amazed .

C. Sorry.

D. Satisfied.

（4）What may be discussed in the following paragraph?

A. How to deal with uncertainty.

B. What role uncertainty plays in life.

C. Why people fear uncertainty.

D. Whom to go to when facing uncertainty.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】这是一篇关于人生的议论性短文。短文以艾莉森为例描写了人生的不确定性，也正是正在不确定性才让我们的生活变得更加有趣。但是短文最后并没有提出解决办法。

（1）细节理解。根据The excitement of li ving is that you don’t know what’s coming.可知生活的刺激性正是因为他的不可预知性，故选B。

（2）细节理解。根据but had no idea what she wanted to do.及下文描述可知选C。

（3）细节理解。根据Allison realized that she spent her years finding her way:及本段描述可知选D。

（4）推理判断。根据you should find some ways to deal with uncertainty.及上文描述可知本段对不确定性进行了描述，但是并没有提出解决办法，故选A，如何处理不确定性。

点评：阅读中，要注意作者的观点，注意根据关键语句了解作者要表达的观点。然后带着问题，再读全文，完成阅读。

2．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

B

“Do you believe in life after death?” Jack's boss asked Jack.

“Yes, Sir.”

“Well, then, that makes everything just fine,” the boss went on. “About an hour after you left yesterday to go to your grandfather's funeral（葬礼）, he dropped in to see you.”

（1）What do you think Jack did the day before?

A. He attended his grandfather's funeral.

B. He did nothing special and he worked as usual.

C. He meant to attend a funeral but didn't.

D. He told a lie to get the day off.

（2）What do you guess Jack's grandfather was doing the day before?

A. He had been dead for some days but suddenly came to life again.

B. He was thought to be dead but in fact well and alive.

C. He was doing his usual business.

D. He learned that Jack had cheated his boss and came to see him.

（3）When the boss said, "That makes everything just fine", he _______.

A. meant he was glad that Jack’s grandfather was stil l alive

B. was, in fact, telling Jack that he had been found out

C. was, in fact, telling Jack that everything was OK

D. meant he was glad that Jack believed in life after death

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

【解析】【分析】这是一个笑话，Jack借口参加祖父的葬礼而请假刚离开不久，他的祖父来看他。老板借用人死后后灵魂来揭穿Jack的谎言。

（1）推理判断。根据老板的话About an hour after you left yesterday to go to your grandfather’s funeral（葬礼）, he dropped in to see you.可知他撒了谎，故选D。

（2）推理判断。从对话中可知Jack 的祖父是顺便来看他，drop in顺便走访。故选C。（3）推理判断。老板这样说的意思是他在告诉Jack这样就能解释“你的祖父来看你”了，也就是告诉Jack他知道Jack说谎了。故选B。

【点评】故事类阅读要紧扣故事的时间线索，人物间的关系，故事的发展和结局，点明的主旨等信息。答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位，根据关键词查找信息，切忌主观臆断，凭感觉做题

3．阅读理解

Edinburgh is the world's "festival city". The city holds 12 festivals throughout the year, half of which are celebrated during the months of July and August. Hundreds of thousands of people visit the Scottish capital during the summer. Here are some of the events they can enjoy.

Festival amazing costumes （戏装）. Everyone can enjoy the music and dance performances.

A. Edinburgh is famous for its festivals.

B. Edinburgh is the capital of Wales.

C. Six of Edinburgh's festivals are held in July.

D. Summer is not the best time to visit Edinburgh.

（2）Which of the following is the largest art festival in the world?

A. The Edinburgh International Festival.

B. The Edinburgh Festival Fringe.

C. The Edinburgh International Book Festival.

D. The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival.

（3）Where is the Edinburgh International Book Festival held?

A. At theaters around the city.

B. In the Royal Mile.

C. In Charlotte Square Gardens.

D. On Edinburgh's main streets.

（4）What is the purpose of the story?

A. To describe the city of Edinburgh.

B. To describe some festivals in Edinburgh.

C. To prove that Edinburgh is the world's art center.

D. To encourage more artists to perform in Edinburgh.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Edinburgh的四个节日。

（1）细节题。根据Edinburgh is the world's "festival city".可知Edinburgh是世界的节日城市，即以它的节日闻名，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据第二个表格This is the largest art festival in the world可知the Edinburgh Festival Fringe是世界上最大的艺术节，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据第三个表格The largest book festival in the world began in 1983 and takes place every year in Charlotte Square Gardens in the center of Edinburgh.可知在Charlotte Square Gardens举行，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据全文可知主要讲了Edinburgh的四个节日，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

4．阅读理解

It's hard to turn down a tasty banana. They taste good and you don't have to wash them before eating them. However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050.

One reason for this is climate（气候） change. Scientists at the University of Exeter collected data（数据）from 27 countries and regions that produce 86 percent of the world's bananas. They found that climate change has improved growing conditions in 21 of these countries. In the past 60 years, the average yield（平均产量） has reached 1.37 tons of bananas per hectare（公

顷）.

However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the world's biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out.

Shouldn't bananas grow more easily if it's hotter outside? In fact, the perfect temperature range for growing bananas is between 24 and 32 C. If temperatures get too high, they will stop growing.

Diseases are another danger to bananas. Unlike other crops, the bananas we grow come from shoot cuttings（茎段）rather than seeds. This means that all banana plants have the same genotype（基因型）. In other words, if a disease is able to kill one plant, it could kill them all.

One serious disease is called Panama. Caused by fungus（真菌） in the soil, it spreads easily. It has spread across South Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Australia. If one banana plantation（种植园）suffers from the disease, it will take 30 years until it is able to grow bananas again. Scientists have yet to find a cure for this disease.

（1）What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. People's love for bananas.

B. The taste of bananas.

C. The convenience of eating bananas.

D. The future disappearance of bananas.

（2）What might happen if temperatures keep going higher?

A. More countries will start to grow bananas.

B. Bananas will grow better in most countries.

C. Bananas will not be able to grow any more.

D. Bananas won't be as tasty as before.

（3）What does Paragraph 5 tell us?

A. What diseases bananas may suffer from.

B. How bananas are grown.

C. How diseases can easily kill bananas.

D. Which diseases can kill bananas.

（4）The passage is written to ________.

A. offer tips for growing bananas

B. explain why bananas may die out

C. show the difficulties of growing bananas

D. describe bananas' growing conditions

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因。

（1）推断题。根据前句However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050.可知介绍了香蕉可能消失的原因，所以this代指香蕉消失，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the world's biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out可知温度持续上升，香蕉将更少，最终可能消失，即不能生长，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Diseases are another danger to bananas.可知疾病是香蕉的另一个危险，

即疾病是怎样杀死香蕉的，故选C 。

（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因，故选B 。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读理解

What problems do the teenagers probably have ？Here is a survey showing their main problems ： Problems

Causes Advice Feeling

stressed

Too much homework. Don't have enough time for their hobbies. Make a plan for study and hobbies. Find time to relax as possible as you can. Getting

shortsighted

Too much homework. Bad reading and writing habits. Do homework and read in a correct way. Fights Don't know how to get on well with classmates.

Make more friends and understand each

other. Share your problems with them. Feeling tired of study

Computer

games' bad influence. Don't be crazy about computer games. Play them just for a short time when you want to relax. Getting fat Have a lot of pocket money to buy snacks. Dislike doing exercise.

Use your pocket money to do something

meaningful. Spend some time doing exercise

every day. （1）What problems are caused by too much homework?

A. Feeling stressed and fights.

B. Feeling tired of study and getting fat.

C. Feeling stressed and getting short-sighted.

D. Getting short-sighted and feeling tired of study.

（2）If Simon is feeling stressed, he should .

A. do much more homework

B. make a plan to spend time on study and hobbies

C. donate his pocket money to Project Hope

D. buy some snacks

（3）Peter is tired of study, maybe because he .

A. has no close friends

B. has no pocket money

C. plays too many computer games

D. gets fatter and fatter

（4） is a good way for teenagers to stop fights.

A. Doing less homework

B. Playing computer games

C. Learning how to make friends

D. Paying no attention to each other

【答案】 （1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了关于青少年可能有的问题的一项调查结果。

（1）细节题。根据Feeling stressed Too much homework.Don't have enough time for their hobbies.Getting shortsighted Too much homework. Bad reading and writing habits.可知太多的作业会导致感觉有压力和变近视，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据第一行Advice Make a plan for study and hobbies.可知制定学习和爱好计划，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据Feeling tired of study Computer games' bad influence.可知厌恶学习的原因是电脑的坏的影响，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据Fights Make more friends and understand each other.可知交更多的朋友和相互理解可以阻止打架，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

6．阅读理解

A young man with a large bag on his back came far away for a master （大师）. He said "Master, I'm so lonely and so painful that the long trip makes me tired out, my shoes worn-out, my feet cut, and my hands also injured an bleeding .... Why can't I find the sun in the heart?"

The master asked, "What do you put in you large bag?"

The young man said, "It is very important to me, inside it including the pain each time I fall, the tears each time I'm hurt, the trouble each time I feel lonely ... Depending on it, I can come to you here."

So the master took the young man to the river which they crossed in a boat. On the other side of the river, the master said, "Hurry on your journey carrying the boat!"

"What, carrying the boat?" the young man was surprised, "it is so heavy. How can I carry it?"

"Yes, my son, you can't carry it," the master just smiled and said, "when you cross the river, the boat is useful. But after crossing it, you will put down the boat and hurry on, If not, it will become a burden （负担）. Pain, loneliness and tears—all these are useful to life. They can improve life, but if you don't forget them all the time, they will become the burden in life. Put it down! My son, life can't bear（承受） a heavy burden," The young man put down his bag and hurried on. He walked easily and happily, and much faster than before.

（1）What do the underlined words "the sun" probably mean?

A. Health.

B. Wealth.

C. Success.

D. Happiness.

（2）What's in his large bag?

A. Clothes, tears and food.

B. Pain, tears and trouble.

C. Clothes, food and water.

D. Pain, water and trouble.

（3）How did they cross the river?

A. By boat.

B. On foot.

C. By swimming.

D. Across the bridge.

（4）Why did the master ask him to carry the boat?

A. To teach him to improve his life.

B. To tell him the boat is very useful.

C. To tell him the boat is very important.

D. To teach him to put down his burden.

（5）How did the young man feel after he put down his bag at last?

A. Awful.

B. Painful.

C. Relaxed.

D. Surprised.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述疼痛，孤独和泪水都对我们很有用，它们可以改善我们的生活，但是如果一直不能忘记，它们就会成为我们生活中的负担，因此要学会适当的放弃负担的故事。

（1）词义猜测题。根据Why can't I find the sun in the heart?" inside it including the pain each time I fall, the tears each time I'm hurt, the trouble each time I feel lonely ... 可知，为什么我心中不能发现太阳，在它里面是我每次摔跤的痛苦，受伤的泪水孤独时的忧愁，可推出the sun在此处的意思是“不开心”，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据inside it including the pain each time I fall, the tears each time I'm hurt, the trouble each time I feel lonely ... 可知，他袋子里装了痛苦，眼泪和忧愁，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据So the master took the young man to the river which they crossed in a boat.可知，他们坐船过河，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据Put it down! My son, life can't bear（承受） a heavy burden,可知，通过背着船过河是为了教他放弃负担。故选D。

（5）推断题。根据He walked easily and happily, and much faster than before.可知，他放下包后感到轻松。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和词义猜测题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思。

7．阅读理解

For more than six million American children, coming home after school means coming to an empty house. Some deal with the situation by watching TV. Some may hide. But all of them have something in common. They spend part of each day alone. They are called "latchkey children". They're children who look after themselves while their parents are working. And their bad condition has become a subject of concern.

Lynette Long was once the headmistress of an elementary school. She said, "We had a school rule against wearing jewellery. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys fastened. I was constantly telling them to put them inside their shirts. There were so many keys. It never came to my mind what they meant," Slowly, she learned they were house keys.

She and her husband began talking to the children who had them. They learned of the impact （影响） working couples and single parents were having on their children. Fear is the biggest

problem faced by children at home alone. One in each three latchkey children the Longs talked to reported being scared. Many had nightmares and were worried about their own safety.

The most common way latchkey children deal with their fears is by hiding. It might be in a shower stall, under a bed, or in a closet. The second is TV. They'll often play it at high volume. It's hard to get statistics（统计数据）on latchkey children, the Longs learned. Most parents are slow to admit they leave their children alone.

（1）The main idea about latchkey children is that they _________________.

A. are growing in numbers

B. suffer problems from being left alone

C. watch too much TV during the day

D. are also found in middle class neighbourhoods （2）Which sentence in the second paragraph is the topic sentence?

A. We had a school rule against wearing jewellery.

B. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys fastened.

C. Slowly, she learned they were house keys.

D. I was constantly telling them to put them inside their shirts.

（3）he main feeling these children have when they are at home by themselves is _________________.

A. tiredness

B. freedom

C. loneliness

D. fear

（4）The Longs' study was mainly on _________________.

A. lonely children who have single parents

B. children whose parents are working or who have one parent only

C. children who have the problem of fear

D. parents who are working far from their homes

（5）We may draw a conclusion（结论） that _________________.

A. it's difficult to find out how many latchkey children there are

B. latchkey children try to hide their feelings

C. latchkey children often watch TV with their parents

D. latchkey children enjoy having such a large amount of time alone

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国一些“钥匙儿童”的生活情况这一社会问题。

（1）推理题。根据 their bad condition has become a subject of concern 他们的糟糕状况已经成为人们关注的话题可知，关于钥匙儿童的主要观点是他们独自一人会有问题，故选B。（2）主旨题。根据 Slowly, she learned they were house keys 可知，慢慢地，她了解到它们是房子的钥匙是第二段的主题句子，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据 Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone 可知，这些孩子独自在家时的主要感觉是害怕，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据They learned of the impact（影响）working couples and single parents

were having on their children 可知，主要研究父母在工作或只有一个父母的孩子，故选B。（5）推理题。根据 It's hard to get statistics（统计数据） on latchkey children 可知，结论是很难查出有多少挂钥匙的孩子，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

8．阅读理解

Nowadays lots of kids are at home alone after school. Are you one of them? Kids who regularly take care of themselves are called "latchkey kids".

This nickname got its start in the 1940s. Many men fought in the Second World War and women had to take jobs in factories to keep the country going. With both parents away, lots of kids went back to empty houses after school. Latchkey kids wore house keys around their necks and they used the keys to open doors.

Today, it's common for both parents to work. As a result, a new generation of kids are spending some time alone after school. It becomes necessary for both parents and kids to make some rules. There are a lot of questions to talk about:

Should you call your mum, or dad as soon as you get home?

Should you do your homework first?

Can you watch TV or play computer games? If so, how long?

What can you eat if you want a snack?

Can friends come over? If so, how many?

……

As latchkey kids, knowing how to stay safe is just as important as following the family rules. Talk about the following questions with your parents:

What should you do when the phone rings?

What should you do if someone knocks at the door?

What should you do if someone breaks into the house?

What should you do if you cut yourself while cooking?

……

You may feel when you are at home alone. Don't worry. Keeping yourself busy is helpful. There are many things which can make you feel that time goes by quickly:

●Read a magazine. ●Write an email. ●Phone a friend.

（1）Latchkey kids _________________.

A. like collecting keys

B. live with their grandparents

C. have part-time jobs in factories

D. regularly stay at home alone after school

（2）How many pieces of advice does the writer give to latchkey kids?

A. Two

B. Three

C. Four

D. Five

（3）Which of the following can be put in " "?

A. Can you have your hair cut?

B. Should you go to school on foot?

C. Can you go out? If so, where?

D. Can you ask teachers for help at school?

（4）Which of the following can be put in " "?

A. bored

B. excited

C. relaxed

D. pleased

（5）The writer probably agrees that __________.

A. there's no need to make family rules

B. latchkey kids should learn to protect themselves

C. time passes slowly when latchkey kids are busy

D. parents should never leave their kids alone at home

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了独自在家的孩子，在家时应该怎么做。

（1）细节题。根据 Nowadays lots of kids are at home alone after school. Are you one of them? Kids who regularly take care of themselves are called "latchkey kids 现在许多孩子放学后独自在家。你是他们中的一员吗？经常照顾自己的孩子被称为“钥匙孩子” 可知, 钥匙儿童放学后经常独自呆在家里，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据 Read a magazine. ●Write an email. ●Phone a friend 阅读杂志。●写一封电子邮件。●给朋友打电话知, 作者给了钥匙儿童3个建议，故选B。

（3）推理题。根据 Can friends come over? If so, how many? ，可知你能出去吗？如果是，在哪里 Can you go out? If so, where? 适合放在横线处，都是条件状语从句的省略形式，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据 Don't worry. Keeping yourself busy is helpful. 别担心。让自己忙碌是有帮助的可知,此处是个负面情绪的形容词，A无聊的，B激动的，C放松的，D高兴的，bored 适合放在横线处，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据 As latchkey kids, knowing how to stay safe is just as important as following the family rules 作为钥匙儿童，知道如何保持安全和遵守家庭规则一样重要可知，钥匙儿童应该学会保护自己，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

9．阅读理解

Do you have many passwords for your credit cards（信用卡） or different websites? Do you try to remember them all? As we are advised to have the passwords memorized by heart for safety reasons, not written down, lots of people find it hard to keep them in mind.

However, this problem has been solved by a microchip （芯片） company. The scientists there designed a very small microchip with an electronic circuit（线路）. It can identify（识别） you. By putting the microchip under the skin of your hand, you can have access to（有权进人）

things with no need for passwords or cards. In this case, it means that you don't have to remember any passwords.

Office workers in Stockholm, Sweden were offered the chance to have the microchip put under their skin if they wish. It allowed them to get in and out of their workplaces and log into（登录）their computers without keys, Besides, they could also use the new technology to pay for the food in the cafe. But some of the workers thought it was a risky idea to have a microchip put under their skin. They considered that the microchip might cause health problems one day.

Anyway, this new technology is fun. With the rapid development of technology, we seem to be on our way to being part human, part machine, don't we?

（1）What does the underlined word "passwords" mean in Chinese?

A. 数字

B. 图案

C. 密码

D. 账户（2）The microchip is about _________________.

A. a card widely used in computers

B. something that can help identify people

C. a password for the credit cards or websites

D. a card with which you can go into your workplace

（3）If the microchip is put under the skin of your hand, you can _________________.

A. pay for your food without credit cards

B. play your computer as long as you like

C. go wherever you want without money

D. have access to things without passwords or cards

（4）Some of the workers thought the microchip was a risky idea because .

A. it might make people become lazy

B. it might be bad for health

C. it would change humans into machines

D. it might make people feel comfortable

（5）What's the best title for this passage?

A. The introduction of a microchip

B. A microchip company

C. How to make the microchip

D. A microchip widely used

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一家微芯片公司设计了一个带有电子电路的微型芯片，解决了记忆秘密的问题。

（1）词义猜测题。根据credit cards（信用卡）or different websites? Do you try to remember them all信用卡还是不同的网站？你试着记住他们所有人吗可知passwords是密码的意思，故选C。

（2）推理题。根据It can identify（识别） you可知芯片是关于有助于识别人的东西，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据By putting the microchip under the skin of your hand, you can have

access to（有权进人） things with no need for passwords or cards可知如果微芯片放在你的皮肤下，你可以不用密码或卡片就能接触到东西，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据But some of the workers thought it was a risky idea to have a microchip put under their skin. They considered that the microchip might cause health problems one day可知，一些工人认为微芯片是一个危险的想法因为这可能对健康有害，故选B。

（5）主旨题。根据本文介绍了一家微芯片公司设计了一个带有电子电路的微型芯片，解决了记忆秘密的问题可知The introduction of a microchip适合做标题，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．阅读理解

The word, "photography", was first used in 1839. It comes from the Greek words that mean "to write with light". But photography could only give people static pictures. So scientists were trying hard to find ways to make pictures that can move. They made lots of experiments, but failed again and again. It was Eadweard Muybridge who finally succeeded. He was the first photographer to try this successfully. But how did he make it? It was an interesting story.

Back in 1872, people didn't know exactly（确切地）whether all four of a horse's hooves （蹄）left the ground at the same time when it was running. A gentleman called Leland Stanford made a bet with his friend about it. Most people believed that a horse always had one hoof on the ground, or it would fall over. But Stanford didn't think so.

At that time, it was hard to know who could win the bet, because a horse's legs move so fast that it is impossible to tell just by looking. So they needed a way to record the movement of a running horse. Then Stanford offered $ 25,000 to the famous photographer, Muybridge, to help find the answer. In the beginning, Muybridge failed to get clear images, but he didn't give up. He continued to improve his cameras. In 1878, after many experiments, he managed to get a sequence（连续） of 12 photos. One of them clearly showed that all four of the horse's hooves were off the ground at the same time. And when the photos moved fast, people could see a horse running.

Though Edison is usually considered as the person who created the first movie in 1889, it was the work of Eadweard Muybridge and the bet that led to Edison's invention.

（1）The underlined word "static" in Paragraph 1 most probably means .

A. pretty

B. dark

C. moving

D. still

（2）What did Leland Stanford make a bet with his friend about?

A. Whose horse ran faster.

B. Whether a horse would fall over while running.

C. Whether it was possible for scientists to make moving pictures.

D. Whether a horse's hooves all left the ground at the same time while running.

（3）Muybridge finally found the exact answer to the bet in .

A. 1839

B. 1872

C. 1878

D. 1889

（4）The passage mainly tells us .

A. that Thomas Edison created the first movie

B. that Eadweard Muybridge created the first static pictures

C. how photography helped people know more about animals

D. how Eadweard Muybridge got pictures of motion（移动） successfully

【答案】（1）D

（2）D

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了 Eadweard Muybridge拍到移动的照片的故事。（1）词义猜测题。根据下文 So scientists were trying hard to find ways to make pictures that can move. 所以科学家很努力地尝试找到让照片动起来的方法，可知以前的照片是静止的，static意为still“静止的”。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段 Back in 1872, people didn't know exactly（确切地） whether all four of a horse's hooves（蹄） left the ground at the same time when it was running. 可知，Leland Stanford和朋友打赌马在奔跑的时候是不是四只马蹄都离地。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段In 1878, after many experiments, he managed to get a sequence（连续）of 12 photos. 可知，直到1878年，Muybridge ，才设法拍到连续的12张照片。故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Eadweard Muybridge拍到移动的照片的故事。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

11．阅读理解

Good food photography（摄影） makes the food look fresh, so many dishes have stand-ins （替身）, just as movie stars do. "When I get my lights and camera set up, I remove the stand-in and put in the real thing," explains Ray Webber, who photographs food for magazine advertisements. "Sometimes I have to brush the food with its juices because it may have dried out a bit. And when I'm shooting（拍摄） something like tomatoes, I always carry an atomizer （喷雾器） of water to spray（喷洒） them with dew（水珠） just before I shoot."

Shooting food outdoors has special problems. "I'm always worrying about flies or worms （虫） coming up the glass," Webber explains. "I am also worried that someday a dog will come up from behind and run off with the food." Once Webber was shooting a piece of cheese outdoors and needed something to add to its colour. Finally he found a plant with lovely blue flowers. When the photo appeared, several people were horrified （惊骇的）, because the plant was Deadly NightShade（颠茄，有毒）.

（1）According to the article, both movie stars and some food to be photographed .

A. appear on sets（舞台）

B. need stand-ins

C. look better in soft light

D. all of the above

（2）Food probably looks best in photographs if it has been .

A. sprayed some water

B. kept warm

C. salted properly

D. cooked thoroughly （3）As for outdoor photography, Webber mentions .

A. lighting

B. worms

C. wind

D. both A and B

（4）Webber is afraid that dogs might .

A. bark while he is shooting

B. get into his pictures

C. steal the food

D. upset （打翻） his camera

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了摄影师 Ray Webber拍照的一些方法。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段 Good food photography（摄影） makes the food look fresh, so many dishes have stand-ins（替身）, just as movie stars do. 可知，电影明星和一些食物摄影都需要替身。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第一段And when I'm shooting（拍摄）something like tomatoes, I always carry an atomizer（喷雾器）of water to spray（喷洒）them with dew（水珠）just before I shoot. 可知，食物在拍摄之前喷洒上一些水，可能看起来最好。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第二段I'm always worrying about flies or worms（虫）coming up the glass .可知，在提到户外摄影的时候， Webber 提到他担心虫子从草那上来。故选B。（4）细节理解题。根据第二段I am also worried that someday a dog will come up from behind and run off with the food. 我同样也担心某天一只狗会从后面出现，带着食物跑了，可知他担心狗偷走食物。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

12．阅读理解

Two men were going through a forest.

"I am afraid," said one, "that we may meet with wild animals." "Fear nothing, friend Quickwit," cried the other, whose name was Braggart, "If they come at us, we shall stand by one another like men. I have a strong arm, a strong heart, and…"

"Hark!" cried the first in fear, as a low sound was heard from somewhere nearby, Braggart, who was light and nimble, climbed up a tree like a squirrel （松鼠）, leaving his friend, who was not so active, to face the danger alone! Quickwit could do nothing but throw himself on the ground and pretended（假装） to be dead; for he had heard that bears would never touch a dead body. In no time the bear camp up to him, sniffed（用鼻子吸气） at him. Quickwit did not dare to move; and the bear, thinking him dead, went off into the wood again, leaving him quite unharmed!

When Braggart saw that the danger was over, he came down from the tree and tried to pass off

the matter with a joke. "Well, my friend Quickwit," he said, "what did the bear say to you when he put his mouth dose to your ear?"

"He told me," replied Quickwit, "never again to trust a man who talks big like you!"

（1）The correct order of the following events is .

a. Two men were going through a forest.

b. Quickwit threw himself on the ground.

c. Braggart climbed up a tree like a squirrel.

d. A low sound was heard from somewhere nearby.

A. a-b-d-c

B. a-d-c-b.

C. d-a-c-b

D. d-b-c-a

（2）The bear left Quickwit because it .

A. was hit by Braggart

B. felt pity for him

C. thought he was dead

D. didn't like his smell

（3）We can learn from the passage that .

A. a true friend reaches for your hand

B. a friend to all is a friend to none

C. a good friend is a good listener

D. a real friend never argues with you

（4）The best title for the passage would be .

A. A Fight Between Two Travelers

B. The Travelers and the Bear

C. A Kind-hearted Bear

D. A True Friend in Trouble

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要讲述了两个男人在森林里遇到熊的故事。

（1）细节理解题。根据 Two men were going through a forest. 两个男人正在穿越森林—— a low sound was heard from somewhere nearby 一个奇怪的声音从附近传来—— Braggart, who was light and nimble, climbed up a tree like a squirrel （松鼠） Braggart像松鼠一样爬上树——Quickwit could do nothing but throw himself on the ground and pretended（假装）to be dead .Quickwit躺在地上装死，可知事情发生的正确顺序为 a—d—c—b。故选B

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段 and the bear, thinking him dead .可知，熊以为他死了。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据文章，熊来了的时候Braggart没有伸出援手而是自己爬上树，说明他不是一个真正的朋友，真正的朋友是会伸出援手的。故选A。

（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲了两个男人在森林里遇到熊的故事，因此旅行者和熊是最好的标题。故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

13．阅读理解

Welcome to Isle Royale National Park! It is a US national park in the state of Michigan.

Isle Royale is surrounded by the deep blue waters of Lake Superior, the largest freshwater lake on Earth by area. No cars are permitted in Isle Roy ale. There are no real roads on the island. The only way to get to the park is by boat or sea plane. A boat trip to Isle Royale takes three to five hours. Isle Royale is the largest of the islands within the national park. It is over 72 kilometers long.

The whole national park covers a total area of 2, 320 square kilometers, with 540 square kilometers above water. Isle Royale became a national park in 1940. But once they arrive, most visitors stay a white. The average stay for visitors in Isle Royale National Park is 3.5 days. Isle Royale offers hiking, camping, boating and even scuba diving.

Visitors to Isle Royale can see a lot of mouse and wolves in winter. The national park is closed from November l through April 15, due to extreme weather conditions. But for the other months of the year, Isle Royale offers green forests and clear blue waters.

（1）Where is Isle Royale National Park?

A. In the US.

B. In Canada.

C. In India.

D. In Mexico.

（2）Why are cars NOT allowed in Isle Royale National Park?

A. Because they may pollute the park.

B. Because it has no road at all.

C. Because they may hurt passengers.

D. Because they may hurt the animals.

（3）Which animal can you see in the park in winter?

A. Mouse.

B. Turtles.

C. Bears.

D. Tigers.

（4）What's the best title for the passage?

A. A trip to Isle Royale National Park

B. Isle Royale National Park

C. Moose and wolves

D. What can you see in Isle Royale National Park?

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要接受了皇家岛屿的地理位置与地方特色。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句Welcome to Isle Royale National Park! It is a US national park in the state of Michigan.提示可知，皇家岛屿在美国，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句No cars are permitted in Isle Roy ale. There are no real roads on the island. 提示可知，因为没有公路，所以在皇家岛屿不允许开车，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句Visitors to Isle Royale can see a lot of mouse and wolves in winter. 提示可知，在冬天可以看到许多老鼠和狼。故选A。

（4）理解归纳题。通读全文语句可知此文主要介绍了皇家岛屿的人文地貌，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。

14．阅读理解

Schools in the UK are cutting time spent on PE lessons because of exam pressures. Secondary school teachers said that older teenagers were especially likely to miss out, because the time spent on physical education for 14-16 -year-olds had fallen in the past five years.

Teachers said that increased pressure to produce exam results was leading to children being pulled out of PE lessons. One in three said exam pressures were behind the decline, and they said subjects such as English and Maths had been given more time at the cost of PE.

Almost all of the teachers from the 487 schools said PE should be more valued for its advantages to young people. Mental health experts also warned that cutting down on exercise could increase children's mental health problems. Cal Strode, spokesman for the Mental Health Foundation, said cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous". He said, "It is worrying to hear that PE is being cut at a time when students are facing problems with stress and anxiety in increasing numbers. There's a close relationship between mental and physical health."

Tom Madders, director of campaigns at charity Young Minds, said, "Schools' cutting down on physical education because of exam pressures is worrying. Schools that value health also do better in study, so it makes sense to keep good health, rather than putting children under more pressure."

Rising exam stress has been raised as a problem by experts who warn that children are under greater pressure because of a competitive jobs market. Ali Oliver, an expert, said, "The PE is good for physical and mental health. So cutting down physical education time is depriving young people of these advantages at a time when they need them most."

（1）What do we know about the text?

A. Schools that value health do worse in study.

B. Good physical health is good for mental health.

C. Many teachers don't realize the importance of PE

D. Children in the UK have serious mental problems.

（2）_______ said that Cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous".

A. The teachers in the UK.

B. Tom Madders

C. Cal Strode

D. Ali Oliver （3）According to the text, the exam pressure is from ______.

A. future work

B. poor mental health

C. parents' expectations

D. schools' requirements

（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. The importance of physical education

B. Teachers' support of getting more PE time

C. The serious problems of education in the UK

D. Schools' cutting down PE time for exam pressure

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课的时间，以及减少体育课带来的问题。

（1）细节题。根据Mental health experts also warned that cutting down on exercise could increase children's mental health problems There's a close relationship between mental and physical health." 可知身体健康对心理健康有好处。故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 Cal Strode, spokesman for the Mental Health Foundation, said cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous".可知，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据 Rising exam stress has been raised as a problem by experts who warn that children are under greater pressure because of a competitive jobs market.可知考试的压力是来自于竞争激烈的就业市场，故选A。

（4）主旨题。根据文章内容，本文主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课的时间，以及减少体育课带来的问题。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题要注意细节从文中找答案；主旨题需要通读全文了解大意之后找出中心思想。

15．阅读理解

The main difference between China and Western countries on the dinner table is chopsticks instead of a knife and fork, but that's just a small difference. Besides, in decent（像样的）restaurants, you can always ask for a knife and fork, if you find the chopsticks not helpful enough. The real difference is that in the West, you have your own plate of food, while in China the dishes are placed on the table and everyone shares. If you are being treated to a formal（正式的）dinner and particularly if the host thinks you're in the country for the first time, he will do his best to give you a taste of many different types of dishes. The meal usually begins with a set of at least four cold dishes, followed by the main courses of hot meat and vegetable dishes. Soup will then be served （unless it is a Guangdong-style restaurant）, followed by rice, noodles or dumplings. Perhaps one of the things that surprise a Western visitor most is that some of the Chinese hosts like to put food onto their guests' plates. In formal dinners, there are always "public" chopsticks and spoons for this purpose, but some hosts may use their own chopsticks. This is a sign of real friendship and politeness. It is always polite to eat the food. If you do not eat it, just leave the food on the plate. People in China tend to over-order food, for they will find it embarrassing（令人尴尬的） if all the food is consumed（吃光）. When you have had enough, just say so, or you will always overeat!

（1）What's the real difference between Chinese and Western table manners?

A. The tools people use to eat.

B. Whether people share food on the same plate.

C. The things people like to eat.

D. How to begin the dinner politely.

（2）If a foreigner first comes to have dinner in a Chinese family, he may be _____.

A. given little food

B. served with rice first

C. served with many dishes

D. asked to use "public" chopsticks

（3）Which of the following is the RIGHT order for most Chinese formal dinners according to the passage?

A. Rice-soup-hot meat-cold dishes.

B. Vegetable dishes-soup-dumplings-cold dishes.

C. Cold dishes-hot meat-soup-rice.

D. Cold dishes-soup-hot meat-rice.

（4）What's the best title for this passage?

A. Having dinner with foreigners

B. How to use chopsticks

C. The importance of table manners

D. Chinese table manners

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了中西方的餐桌礼仪的区别。

（1）推理题。根据The real difference is that in the West, you have your own plate of food, while in China the dishes are placed on the table and everyone shares真正的区别在于，在西方，你有自己的盘子，而在中国，盘子放在桌子上，大家分享可知，中西餐桌礼仪的真正区别是人们是否在同一个盘子里分享食物，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据if the host thinks you're in the country for the first time, he will do his best to give you a taste of many different types of dishes可知，如果主人认为你是第一次来到这个国家，他会尽力让你尝到许多不同类型的菜肴，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据 The meal usually begins with a set of at least four cold dishes, followed by the main courses of hot meat and vegetable dishes. Soup will then be served （unless it is a Guangdong-style restaurant）, followed by rice, noodles or dumplings.这顿饭通常以一套至少四道凉菜开始，然后是热肉和蔬菜的主菜。随后将提供汤（除非是广东风味餐厅），然后是米饭、面条或饺子可知，中国正式晚餐的正确顺序是冷盘-热肉-汤-米饭，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根本文介绍了中西方的餐桌礼仪的区别据可知 Chinese table manners 是合适的标题，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

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