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英语语法情态动词

Lecture Eleven理科班英语语法篇（十一）情态动词

一.概念:

情态动词是表示能力,义务,必须,猜测等说话人的语气或情态的动词.

二.相关知识点精讲:

1．can

1)表能力

can表能力时意味着凭体力或脑力或技术等可以无甚阻力地去做某事。

I can climb this pole. 我能爬这根杆子。

因为can不能和其他助动词连用，所以表示将来式时用will be able to

You will be able to skate after you have practiced it two or three times.

你练习两三次后就会溜冰了。

2)表可能性

多用于否定与疑问结构中。

Can the news be true? 这消息可能是真的吗？It can’t be true. 它不可能是真的。

3)表示允许（和may意思相近）常见于口语。

Can (May) I come in ? 我能进来吗？Can I smoke here ? 我可以在这里抽烟吗？

2.could的用法

1)表过去的可能和许可，（多用于间接引语中）

At that time we thought the story could not be true.

那时我们认为所说的事不可能是真的。

Father said I could swim in the river.

爸爸说我可以在河里游泳。

2)表过去的能力

I could swim when I was only six.

我刚六岁就能游泳。

3)表“允许”。可表示委婉客气的提出问题或陈述看法

Could I use your bike? Yes, you can.

他会记得那时吗?

I’m afraid I couldn’t give you an answer today.

恐怕我今天不能回答你。

3)Could/can+have done 结构表示对过去发生的事情的“怀疑”或“不肯定”。could 加完成式还用于肯定句时一般表过去可能完成而却未完成的动作。

Can they have won the basketball match？

他们赢了那场篮球赛吗？

You could have completed the task a little earlier.

你本来能早点完成任务的。（但事实上并没有提前完成任务）

如表具体做某一件事的能力时，则须用be able to .

He was able to translate the article without a dictionary.

他可以不用词典翻译那篇文章。

Can表示一贯的能力，be able to表示客观能力和通过努力可以达到的能力

1)表示请求、可以、允许。

You may drive the tractor. 你可以开那台拖拉机。

2)may /might 推测性用法可能

He may be right. He may not come today (可能不) He may /might come tomorrow.

注意:

1 might只用于肯定和否定句中,不用于疑问句中。

2 might 比may可能性更小

He might get a job. /He may get a job.

3 may not 可能不can not不可能

He may not come / He can’t come

3)表建议（可和as well 连用）

You may（might）as well stay where you are.

你还是原地待着好。（may as well 有“还是……的好”的含义）

4)表祝愿

May you be happy!

might

1)表过去的“可能”和“允许”多用于间接引语。

She said that he might take her dictionary.[她说他可以拿她的词典去用。

除在间接引语中外，might一般不表示过去的“可能”与“许可”。表过去的“可能”可用could，表过去的“许可”可用were (was) allowed to。

2)表现在的“可能”，其可能性要比may小。

Electric irons could be dangerous; they might give you a severe shock.

电熨斗会有危险，它可能电着人。

3)may (might) + have +done 表示对过去发生行为的推测，含有“想必”、“也许是”的意思。

It may have been true. 这事也许是真的。

He might not have settled the question. 他可能尚未解决那个问题。

4.must 的主要用法。

1)表示必须、必要

We must do everything step by step .我们必须按部就班地做一切事情。

2)must be + 表语的结构，通常表示猜测，含有“一定”之意。（只用在肯定句中）

He must be an honest boy. 他一定是个诚实的男孩。This must be your room. 这一定是你的房间。3)must 的否定式有两个：当回答由must引起的问题时，否定答复要用needn’t或don’t have to 表示“不必”、“无须”、“用不着”、“不一定”的意义。当表示“不应该”、“不许可”、“禁止”时，就用must not。Must I go tomorrow?明天我必须去吗？Yes, please.是的，请吧！No , you needn’t. 不，你不必去。

4)must +have +过去分词的结构，常用在肯定句中，表示对过去发生行为的推测，含有“一定”、“准是”的意思。否定和疑问句用can。She must have studied English before.她以前一定学过英语。

5.have to的含义与must是很接近的,只是have to 比较强调客观需要，must着重说明主观看法。

I must clean the room.（主观想法）I have to clean the room.（客观需要）

另外，have to 能用于更多时态 . eg：We had to be there at ten .我们得在十点钟到那里。

We will have to reconsider the whole thing.这一切我们将不得不重新加以考虑。

have to 的否定式：don’t have to do 表示“不必做……”之意。

ought to 后接动词原形，表义务，但不及must 那样具有信心，如：

You don’t look well. You ought to go to see the doctor. 你气色不好，应该去看病。

ought to 用于否定句，其否定形式可缩略为oughtn’t ，如：

You oughtn’t to smoke so much. 你不应该抽这么多烟。

也可以用于疑问句，如：ought you to smoke so much?你应该抽这样多烟吗？

ought to 在间接引语中表过去时形式不变，如：

He said you ought to tell the police. 他说你应该去报告警察。

7.shall的用法

用于第一人称征求对方的意见，如：

What shall I wear on the journey? 我路上穿什么好呢？

Shall we dance? 我们跳舞好吗？

情态动词should一般不应被认为是情态动词shall的过去式，主要用法有：

1)用于第一人称疑问句中询问对方的意愿，但语气较委婉温和，如：

What should we do now? 我们现在该怎么办？

2)表示应该、必须，常与must 换用。例如：

We should (must) master a foreign language at least.

我们应当至少掌握一门外语。

3)“should+be+表语”的结构，表示推测或惊奇。例如：

They should be back by now. 他们现在应该回来了吧.

I am sorry that she should be so careless. 我感到遗憾她竟会那样粗心。

4)“should+have+过去分词”的结构，表示过去该做而实际上尚未做的动作或行为；其否定则表示发生了不应该发生的行为。其同义结构“ought to have +过去分词”,表示过去“早应该”、“本当”之意，语气较强。例如：

I should have thought of that. 这一点我是应当想到的。（但没想到）

They should not have left so soon.他们不应当走得这么早。（但已走了）

8.will和would的用法

1）表示意志，决心或愿望。例如：

Surely we will support all the people in the world in their struggle for peace.

我们一定要支持全世界人民争取和平的斗争。

He would not let me try it . 他不肯让我去试。

2）will表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性，would表示过去的习惯行为。

He will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by.

他会经常一连几个小时坐在那儿观看来往的车辆。

He would come to see me when he was in Beijing.他在北京时，常来看望我。

3）用于第二人称作主语的疑问句中，表示对对方的请求，would的语气比will委碗

Would/will you kindly tell me the way to the station? 请问到火车站怎么走？

4）表可能性

This will be the book you are looking for.这可能就是你要找的书。

She would be about 60 when she died.

他死时大概60岁。

9. need（需要）和dare（敢）的用法

做情态动词时后接动词原形, 没有时态人称的变化；做实义动词时后接to do ，有时态人称的变化。

2）needn’t have v-ed 表示过去做了某事，但没有做的必要，意为“本没必要…”。例如：You needn’t have waken me up; I don’t have to go to work today

10.表推测的情态动词句子的反意疑问句

He must/may be in the room, isn’t he?

He can’t be in the room, is he？

He must have finished the work, hasn’t he?

He may have done the work last night, didn’t he?

11.情态动词+行为动词进行式

情态动词+行为动词进行式（即情态动词+ be + v-ing形式），表示推测或评论某动作现在是否正在进行。例如1）He must be playing basketball in the room. 2）She may be staying at home.

情态动词+行为动词完成进行式

情态动词+行为动词完成进行式（即情态动词+ have been + v-ing 形式），表示推测或评论过去某动作是否正在进行或一直在进行。例如：

1）They should have been meeting to discuss the problem.

2）He may / might have been buying stamps in the post office when you saw him.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/402226917.html,ed to +v, be used to +v-ing和be used to +v

（1）used to +v意为“过去常常”，“过去一直”；b e used to +v-ing / n（名词）意为“习惯于”；

be used to +v意为“被用来（做某事）”。

（2）used to只表示过去，而be used to +v-ing / n可表示现在、过去或将来。例如：

He used to smoke. Now he doesn’t.

He’s quite used to hard work / working hard.

The knife is used to cut bread.

一、基础练习

1.He ___ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn't be enjoying himself by the seaside.

A. should

B. must

C. wouldn't

D. can't

2. I _____ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.

A. shouldn't

B. couldn't

C. mustn't

D. needn't

3. This cake is very sweet. You ____ a lot of sugar in it.

A. should put

B. could have put

C. might put

D. must have put

4. He paid for a seat, when he ____ have entered free.

A. could

B. would

C. must

D. need

5. I was on the highway when his car went past followed by a police car. They ____ at least 150 kilometers an hour.

A. should have been doing

B. must have been doing

C. could have done

D. would have done

6.－Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today? －Something __________ to him.

A. must happen

B. should have happened

C. could have happened

D. must have happened

7. －Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere.

－Well. He _______ have gone far-his coat is still here.

8.—Lucy doesn't mind lending you her dictionary.

—She __________. I've already borrowed one.

A. can't

B. mustn't

C. needn't

D. shouldn't

9.—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.

—Thanks. You _____ it. I could manage it myself.

A. needn't do

B. needn't have done

C. mustn't do

D. shouldn't have done

10. There________ be any difficulty in passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.

A. mustn't

B. shan't

C. shouldn't

D. needn't

11.—The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.

—Oh, dear! She ________ a lot of difficulties!

A. may go though

B. might go through

C. ought to have gone through

D. must have gone though

12.—I've taken someone else's green sweater by mistake.

—It ______ Harry's. He always wears green.

A. has to be

B. will be

C. mustn't be

D. could be

13. Helen _______ go on the trip with us, but she isn't quite sure yet.

A. shall

B. must

C. may

D. can

14. If I ________ plan to do anything I wanted to, I'd like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.

A. would

B. could C have to D. ought to

15. You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _____ not like the design of the furniture.

A. must

B. shall

C. may

D. need

16.—Who is the girl standing over there?

—Well, if you ______ know, her name is Mabel.

A. may

B. can

C. must

D. shall

17. Children under 12 years of age in that country ______ be under adult supervision when in a public library.

A. must

B. may

C. can

D. need

18. "The interest ______ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides," declared the judge.

A. may

B. should

C. must

D. shall

19.—I'll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.

—You _______ her last week.

A. ought to tell

B. would have told

C. must tell

D. should have told

20. I ______ pay Tom a visit, but I'm not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.

A. should

B. might

C. would

D. could

21.—I don't mind telling you what I know.

—You ________. I'm not asking you for it.

A. mustn't

B. may not

C. can't

D. needn't

22.—Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.

—You________ have my computer if you don't take care of it.

23.—Excuse me. Is that the right way to the Summer Palace?

—Sorry, I'm not sure, but it ______ be.

A. might

B. will

C. must

D. can

24.—Mum, I've been studying English since 8 o'clock. ________ I go out and play with Tom for a while? —No, I'm afraid not. Besides, it's raining outside now.

A. can't

B. wouldn't

C. may not

D. won't

25. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I _____report it to the police?

A. should

B. may

C. will

D. can

26. Mr. White_______ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn't show up.

A. should have arrived

B. should arrive

C. should have had arrived

D. should be arriving

27. You ________ be tired-you've only been working for an hour.

A. must not

B. won't

C. can't

D. may not

二、提高练习

1．—Shall I tell John about it?

—No, you ______. I’ve told him already.

A. needn’t

B. wouldn’t

C. mustn’t

D. shouldn’t

2.—There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well.

—It ______ a comfortable journey.

A. can’t be

B. shouldn’t be

C. mustn’t have been

D. couldn’t have been

3.—Why didn’t you come to see me?

—I ______, but I was too busy yesterday.

A. like to

B. should like to

C. would like to have

D. am going to

4. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ______ be so rude to a lady.

A. might

B. need

C. should

D. would

5. There was plenty of time; she ______.

A. mustn’t have hurried

B. needn’t have hurried

C. may not have hurried

D. wouldn’t have hurried

6.—Is John coming by air?

—He should, but ______ not. He likes taking trains.

A. must

B. can

C. need

D. may

7.—______ it be Li Ping who broke the glass?

—No. It ______ be Wang Hai who did it.

A. Could; may

B. Can; can

C. May; must

D. Can; must

8. When the old man was alive, he ______ sit for hours at the door.

A. would

B. could

C. must

D. might

9. Jack, you ______ play with the knife; you ______ hurt yourself.

A. won’t; can’t

B. mustn’t; may

C. shouldn’t; must

D. can’t; should

10. I’ve decided to take the job and I ______ change my mind.

A. mustn’t

B. can’t

C. won’t

D. may not

11. She ______ into the thick forest alone on such a dark night.

A. dares not go

B. dares not to go

12. My parents never remember my telephone number, and they always ______ look it up.

A. must

B. can

C. should

D. have to

13.—Where is Jack? I can’t find him anywhere.

—He ______ his homework upstairs.

A. might have done

B. must have done

C. might be doing

D. must do

14. He ______ you more help, even though he was very busy.

A. might have given

B. might give

C. may have given

D. may give

15.—If he ______, he ______ that food.

—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.

A. was warned; would not take

B. had been warned; would not have taken

C. would be warned; had not taken

D. would have been warned; had not taken

16.—I hear you've got a set of valuable Australian coins. ____I have a look ?

—Yes, certainly.

A. Do

B. May

C. Shall

D. Should

17. — When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.

— They be ready by 12:00.

A. can

B. should

C. might

D. need

18. I___ such a mistake again.

A. will never make

B. shall never make

C. can never do

D. need never do

19. He began to write two hours ago. He ______ have finished the article now.

A. must

B. ought

C. would

D. had to

20. Looking at my determined face, the big boy ______ pick up the fight.

A. dares not

B. dare not

C. doesn't dare

D. dares not to

21. — You know that you were driving 100 km an hour, don't you?

— No officer, I ____. This car doesn't do more than 80.

A. may not have been

B. couldn't have been

C. mustn't have been

D. shouldn't have been

22. I think he could have joined us, but he ____

A. doesn't

B. did

C. didn't

D. couldn't

23. — Why ____ it rain now? I ____ go to the concert at 7.

— What a pity!

A. can, might not

B. should, needn't

C. must, can't

D. need, mustn't

24. He was caught in the rain last night. That _____ his cold.

A. can bring about

B. ought to bring about

C. should have brought about

D. may have brought about

25. — Did you visit the famous museum?

— No, we ___, but we spent too much time shopping.

A. could have visited

B. must have visited

C. can' t have visited

D. shouldn't have visited

26. — You must phone us every week.

— Yes, I _____.

A. must

B. have to

C. will

D. should

27. Don't throw the bottles away. They ____ in the future.

A. may need

B. are needed

C. can be needing

D. might be needed

28. English is a language that many people around the world ____ not speak perfectly but ___ at least understand.

A. may, can

B. would, might

C. will, must

D. could, might

29. — I wonder why Mr. Wang didn't attend the lecture.

— He ____ another one.

A. could have

B. must have

C. might have had

D. should have had

30. He was taken away by the police. He ___ for a robber.

A. must be mistaken

B. was being mistaken

C. must mistake

D. must have been mistaken

31. — I wonder if I ____ smoke here.

— No, you _______. Could you see the sign "No Smoking" there?

A. can, needn't

B. shall, won’t

C. must, can't

D. may, mustn't

32. — I haven't seen Mr. White for weeks.

— What _____ to him?

A. must have happened

B. may have happened

C. can have happened

D. may happen

33. — I didn't go to work yesterday afternoon because my car broke down.

— You ________ mine. I wasn't using it.

A. might borrow

B. could have borrowed

C. can have borrowed

D. ought to borrow

34. — A man answered the phone. I suppose it was her husband.

— It ___ her husband. He has been dead for ages.

A. mustn't be

B. couldn't have been

C. may not have been

D. mustn't have been

35. Considering that Tom always did well in all his subjects, he ____ in the final exam.

A. mustn't fail

B. couldn't have failed

C. ought not to fail

D. mustn't have failed

36. She ___ the hospital so soon, for she has not yet recovered.

A. wouldn't have left

B. shouldn't have left

C. mustn't have left

D. didn't have to leave

37. — I promise her daughter ____ get a nice present on her birthday.

— Will it be a big surprise to her?

A. should

B. must

C. would

D. shall

38. — What's wrong with your pen'?

— The ink ____ come out.

A. can't

B. doesn't

C. hasn't

D. won' t

39. "Whatever you want, you _____ have it on condition that you get the best result." said the boss.

A. would

B. ought to

C. shall

D. could

40. Tom, you are so lazy! This work ___ hours ago.

A. should finish

B. must have finished

C. should have been finished

D. might have finished

Lecture Eleven理科班英语语法篇（十一）情态动词参考答案：一、1-5 BBDAB 6-10 DCCBC 11-15 DDCBC 16-20 CADDA 21-25 DAAAA 26-27 AC

二、

1 – 20：ADCCB DDABC DDCAB BBAAB

21 – 40: BCCDA CDACD DCBBB BDDCC

情态动词大学英语语法精解

大学英语语法精解——情态动词首先让我们分析以下近几年情态动词的考题： 1) This box is too heavy, _________give me a hand?(1998.1) A .would you mind B. would you please C. will you like to D. will you please to 2) Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night , no matter what we ____ during the day.(1999.1) A. should have done B. would have done C. may have done D. must have done 3)It was very kind of you to do the washing-up,but you____ it.(1998.6) A. mustn't have done B. wouldn't have done C. mightn't have done D. didn't have to do 4) If you don't like to swim, you ___ stay at home.(1995.1) A. should as well B. may as well C. can as well D. would as well 5) You ____ him so closely;you should have kept your distance.(2000.6) A. shouldn't follow B. mustn't follow C. couldn't have been following D. shouldn't have been following 6) You ___her in her office last Friday; she's been out of town for two weeks.(1996.1) A. needn't have seen B. must have seen C. might have seen D. can't have seen 7) The room is in a terrible mess; it ____ cleaned.(1996.6) A. can't have been B. shouldn't have been C. mustn't have been D. wouldn't have been 参考答案 1) B 2) C 3) D 4) B 5) D 6) C 7) A 2．情态动词的测试要点从以上例题可以看出，四级语法对情态动词的测试大体有以下几点。 1）情态动词的基本用法，如①④⑤。 2）情态动词+ 动词的完成形式的用法，如③⑥。 3）情态动词的推测性用法,如⑦。

初中英语语法知识—情态动词的图文答案(3)

一、选择题 1．—Jenny, we buy Mom presents. We can clean the house from top to bottom. —Good idea! It’s a special present for Mother’s Day. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 2．-Listen! A wolf is crying! -It _______ be a wolf, because a wolf never comes out at this time. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．don’t 3．―I didn’t pass the driving test again. ―Don't worry. Just like the weather, life be beautiful all the time. A．can't B．needn't C．shouldn't D．mustn't 4．—________your house be cleaned right now？ —No,it needn't.It may be cleaned this afternoon．（） A．Must B．May C．Can 5．—Is that cap Bob’s? —No, it ________ be his. His is blue. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not 6．（江苏省无锡市锡北片2017届九年级下学期期中考试）—Where are you going for your summer holiday? —We go to Yun Nan, but we haven’t decided yet. A．should B．will C．may D．must 7．—How nice the building is! What is it for? —It ________ a hotel. But I’m not sure. A．must be B．have to be C．may be D．can be 8．—______ you please tell me something about the life in Canada or America? —Sorry, I______. I don’t know either. I’m from Australia. A．Could; couldn’t B．Can; couldn’t C．Could; can’t D．Can; mustn’t 9．— I would like________ to see a movie. —It’s too late. You’d better ________alone. A．to go, go B．go, not go C．to go, not go D．going, go 10．— I wonder if these are Jim's glasses. —They _____his. He doesn't wear glasses. A．might be B．could be C．can't be 11．I see the blackboard. I need to have my glasses. A．can B．can’t C．must D．mustn’t 12．I’m sorry, childre n over 1.4 meters________pay the full price for the show. A．may B．must C．can D．ought to 13．—Jack must be in his office, I think. —No, he be in the office. He flew to Canada this morning.

初中英语语法情态动词用法大全

情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。情态动词句和疑问句中表示请求，允许，意为“能够” could 是can 的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的水平在疑问句中表示委婉请求 may 表示请求、许可，意为“能够”表示推测，常用于肯定句中，意为“可能、也许” might 是may的过去式,表推测，常用于肯定句中，意为“可能、也许”must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、应该”表有把握的推测，用语肯定句dare 表示敢于，主要用于否定句和疑问句中 should 意为“应该”，表示要求和命令表示劝告、建议 had better 意为“最好”，表示建议 used to意为“过去常常，表示过去的动作、行为考点一情态动词知识清单情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没哟人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。 1. can 的用法（1）表示水平、许可、可能性。表示水平时一般译为“能、会”，即有种水平，尤其是生来具备的水平，此时may 和must 均不可代替它。（2）表示可能、能够。如：I can finish it in an hour. （3）表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary. （4）表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t 译为“不可能”。 2.could的用法（1）can的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的水平。（2）could 在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时没有过去式的意思。 3.may的用法（1）表示请求、许可，比can 正式，（2）表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许”，一般用于肯定句中。（3）may的过去式为might ，表示推测时。可能性低于may 。 4. must的用法（1）must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。（2）其否定形式mustn’t表示“一定不要”“千万别”“禁止, 不许”.（3）对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t或don’t have to . （4）must 表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。当must 表示肯定的判断、推测时，其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。 She must have finished writing, hasn’t she? 5. need的用法（1）need 表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为needn’t，意为“没有必要，不必”。用need 提问时，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t。如：----Need I stay here any longer? ----Yes, you must .-----No. you needn’t . (2) need 还能够作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，后边多接动词不定式。 6. dare 的用法dare意为“敢、敢于”,用法近似于need，有两种词性：（1）dare 作为情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，无第三人称单数形式，只有一般现在时和一般过去时。（2）dare 作为实义动词，此时有人称、数即时态的变化。注意：在口语中，dare 的各种形式常与不带to 的不定式连用。Do you dare tell her what I said? 7. shall 的用法（1）shall 表示征求对方意见（多用于第一、三人称）， Shall we go out for a walk? （2）表示决心、警告、命令（多用于第二、三人称）， No one shall bring your beepers or mobile phones in the exam. 8. should的用法（1） should 意为“应该”，可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。We should protect the environment. （2） should (would)like to do sth. 表示“想要、愿意做某事”，常用于口语中。Would you like to go with me? 你想和我一起去吗？（3）Should have done 表示对过去动作的责备、批评。 You should have finished your homework. 9. will 的用法 will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称。 I will help you if I’m free this afternoon. 10. had better 的用法 had better 意为“最好”，没有人称的变化，后面接不带to 的不定式，其否定形式为：had better not。 We had better go now. You had better not give the book to him. 考点二含有情态动词的疑问句 1. 由can、may、must构成的疑问句（1）句式：Can/ May/ Must…+ 主语+动词原形+….？如：Can you repair the car? Could he be a good student? May I borrow your ruler?Must we clean the room now? （2）对may 引出的问句，能够有下列回答方式：Yes, of course. Yes, certainly.Sure.No, you mustn’t.No, you can’t. （3）对must引出的疑问句，回答为：Yes, …must.No,…needn’t/don’t have to. 2. will，would，shall 的用法（1）will 在一般疑问句中表示客气的“请求、劝说”。would 是will 的过去式，语气更加客气、委婉。Would you show me your picture book? Will you please give me a call? （2）对will/ would you…的回答方式有以下几种：Yes, I will. (No, I won’t.)Sure . (I’m sorry , I can’t.)All right.Certainly. (No, thank you .) Yes, please. （3）shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种：Yes, please.All right. No, thank you. 考点三不同情态动词的否定意义也不同 1. （1）can’t可译为“不会”，如：I can’t play basketball. 我不会打篮球。（2）当句子表推测时，用can’t表达不可能，He can’t be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.（3）can’t还可用来回答“ May I …?”这样的问句。May I come in ?No, you mustn’t. / can’t.（4）can’t还可用于固定习语中。She can’t help crying. 2.may 的否定式为may not ，译成“可能不”，He may not be at home. 3.（1）mustn’t表示不许，不可。He mustn’t leave his room.

高中英语语法总结大全之情态动词

高中英语语法总结大全之情态动词情态动词的语法特征 1）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。 2）情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。 3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。 4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。比较can 和be able to 1）can，could 表示能力；可能(过去时用could), 只用于现在式和过去式(could)。be able to可以用于各种时态。 They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。 2）只用be able to a. 位于助动词后。 b. 情态动词后。 c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。 d. 用于句首表示条件。 e. 表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to，不能用could。 He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. = He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out. 注意：could不表示时态 1）提出委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。 --- Could I have the television on? --- Y es, you can. / No, you can't. 2）在否定，疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。 He couldn't be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。比较may和might 1）表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。 May God bless you!

英语语法总结：情态动词的使用

英语语法总结：情态动词的使用情态动词的使用 1）情态动词can（能够），must（必须），may（可以）结构：主语+can/must/may+动词原型 He can make the tea. Sally can air the room. We can speak English. ★变疑问句将情态动词移到句首 Can he make the tea? Can Sally air the room? Can we speak English? ★变否定句在情态动词后面加not

He cannot make the tea. Sally cannot air the room. We cannot speak English. ★肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, he can. / No, he cannot. Yes, she can. /?No, she cannot. Yes, we can. / No, we cannot. ★特殊疑问句：（必背） What can you do? 注意：情态动词的句子没有第三人称单数的变化，不要在情态动词或动词后面加s。

2）must/have to的区别 must 表示必须，是主观上觉得应该做，have to是不得不，是由于客观条件逼迫的必要要做 must 只能用在表示现在和将来的句子里，而have to do可以用在任何时态 3）must, may, might表示猜测： ·must do 表示对现在事实的猜测 ·must have done表示对过去事实的猜测 ·must have been doing 表示对过去正在进行的事实的猜测 ·may/might do, may/might have done表示没有任何事实依据的猜测，might的可能性更小。 4）can't/couldn't 表示不可能

初中英语语法讲解情态动词

情态动词的用法【真题再现】 1. —I know by what time you want the project to be done? (2014 连云港) — By the day after tomorrow. you finish it on time? A. May; Can B. Must; Need C. Could; Must D. Need; Would 2. I follow you. Would you please repeat it? (2014 河北) A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't 3. — Who's singing in the garden? (2014 长沙) — It be Mr. Brown. He always practices singing at this time. A. must B. can't C. need 4. —May I take this magazine out of the reading room? (2014 苏州) —No, you _________. You read it in here. A. mightn't B. won't C. needn't D. mustn't 5. You _________ touch an electric fire. It's dangerous. (2014 沈阳) A. need B. must C. needn't D. mustn't 6. —_________ you come with me to Lang Lang's piano concert this evening? (2014 广东) — I'd love to, but I have to study for my math test. A. Should B. May C. Must D. Can 7. Children _________ sit in the front seat of a car. It's too dangerous. (2014 重庆) A. need B. needn't C. must D. mustn't 8. — Look, someone left a book.(2014 菏泽) —Oh, yeah … This book _________ be Kitty’s. Only she likes to read this kind of books. A. can B. must C. may D. might 9. Look! The traffic light has turned red．We_________ stop our car．(2015 广东) A．can B．can’t C．must D．mustn’t 10. — Do you have any plans for this Sunday? (2015 安徽) —I’m not sure. I _________ go to the countryside to see my grandmother. A. can B. must C. may D. need 11. As middle school students, we _________ be afraid of difficulties if we want to make our dreams come true. (2015 哈尔滨) A．must B．shouldn’t C．need 12. You return the book now. You can keep it until next week if you like.(2015 青岛) A. have to B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t 13．—Mom, must I go shopping with you? (2015 南京) —No, you ．You can watch the film Big Hero 6 with your friends． A．needn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 14. Harry’s been driving all day—he be tired.(2015杭州) A. need B. can C. shall D. must 15. It’s surprising that Mr. Ma’s little daughter speak English so well. (2015 重庆) A. must B. can C. mustn’t D. can’t 【答案与解析】 1. A。句意：——我可以知道你想这个项目何时完成吗？——到后天。你能按时完成吗？may可以；can能够；must必须；could用于一般疑问句通常表示请求；need需要。题干问句是请求，可用may或者could，排除B、D两项；答句是询问能否按时完成任务，应选can。

高中英语语法讲解与练习之情态动词

高中英语语法之情态动词（一）情态动词的定义：情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。（二）情态动词的特点：1）有一定词义；2）不受主语人称和数的变化影响；3）与主要动词的原形（或称不带to的不定式）一起构成谓语（除ought to作固定词组看待）。情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加"not"。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。 He could be here soon. 他很快就来。We can't carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。除此之外，情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征： 1）除ought和used以外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。 ; We used to grow beautiful roses. I asked if he would come and repair my television set. 2）情态助动词在限定动词词组总是位居第一：They need not have been punished so severely. 3）情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候，没有词形变化，即其词尾无-s形式： She dare not say what she thinks. 4）情态动词没有非限定形式，即没有不定式和分词形式，也没有相应的动名词： Still, she needn't have run away. 5）情态助动词的“时”的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志。在不少场合，情态助动词的现在时和过去时形式都可以表示现在、过去或将来时间： Would you mind very much if I ask you to do something? She told him he ought not to have done it. | 6）情态助动词之间是相互排斥的，即在一个限定动词词组中只能出现一个情态助动词，但有时却可以与have和be 基本助动词连用：You should have washed the wound. Well, you shouldn't be reading a novel. （三）情态动词有四类：①只做情态动词：must,can(could),may(might),ought to ②可做情态动词又可做实义动词：need,dare ③可做情态动词又可做助动词：shall(should),will(would) ④具有情态动词特征：have(had,has) to,used to ⑤情态动词表猜测（四）情态动词的基本用法 1. can (could) 1）表示能力，could主要指过去时间。 Two eyes can see more than one. Could the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗？ ' 2）表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。 The temperature can fall to –60℃, that is 60℃ below freezing. 气温可降至—60℃，也就是零下60℃。 He can′t (couldn′t) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。 3）表示允许。 Can I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？ He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading—room. 他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。 4）表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。 Where can (could) they have gone to? 他们会去哪儿了呢？He can′t (couldn′t) be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁。《 5）比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 Can (Could) you lend me a hand? I′m afraid we couldn′t give you an answer today. 恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。

初中英语语法知识—情态动词的分类汇编

一、选择题 1．—Look! Mrs. Smith is standing in front of the teaching building. —It______ her. She has gone to Egypt for her holiday. A．must be B．mustn’t be C．can be D．can’t be 2．—I’d like ________ Guo Jingming’s Tiny Times. —You had better________ his books. The stories he tells are far from real life. A．buying, don’t read B．to buy, not read C．buying, not read D．to buy, not to read 3．You have finished most of the work, so you ____ start working so early tomorrow. You may come at 9 :00. A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．couldn't 4．Since you are very tired, you ______ finish the work today. A．needn’t B．may not C．mustn’t D．can’t 5．All passengers_____ go through safety check before they take a plane. A．may B．can C．must D．need 6．A: Is Jim coming by train? B: I’m not sure. He _______ drive his car. A．must B．may C．need D．should 7．From March 23rd, 2013, anyone under the age of 14 ________ go into Disneyland alone. A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．mightn’t 8．—Can I take some milk and biscuits to the reading room? —No, our school has a rule that students _______ eat or drink there. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not 9．— Mom, I got a big box from express(快递). What is it? —I’m not sure. It ________be a present from your grandmother. A．should B．might C．must D．will 10．—Have you heard about the temperature of the earth will rise to 59℃ in 2020?—Don’t worry! The news _______ be true. A．must not B．may not C．needn’t D．will not 11．He like coffee. I see him drink a cup at times. A．must B．may C．can’t D．mustn’t 12．Even the top student can't work out this problem, so it________ be too difficult. A．must B．may C．can D．need 13．—Jack must be in his office, I think. —No, he be in the office. He flew to Canada this morning. A．needn't B．shouldn't C．can't D．mustn't 14．It’s raining all day, so I ________ stay at home. A．can’t B．has to C．have to

初中英语语法情态动词专项练习

初中英语语法情态动词专项练习 Exercise I ? ( ) 1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. must ( ) 2 They ___ do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to ( ) 3 -May I take this book out? -No, you___. A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't ( ) 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would ( ) 5 -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I____. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not ?? ( ) 1 -He___ be in the classroom, I think. -No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn't ( ) 2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? -Thanks, but you___, I've had enough. A. may not B. must not C. can't D. needn't ( ) 3 Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need ( ) 4 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to ( ) 5 ___ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do ??? ( ) 1 The children___ play football on the road. A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must ( ) 2 You ___ be late for school again next time. A. mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to ( ) 3 -Must I do my homework at once? -No, you___. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not ???? ( ) 1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor. A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to ( ) 2 He had to give up the plan, ___ he? A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't ( ) 3 They had to walk here, ___ they? A. mustn't B. did C. didn't D. hadn't ????? ( ) 1 He had better stay here, ___ he? A. didn't B. don't C. hadn't D. isn't ( ) 2 You'd better___late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be ( ) 3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month. A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted ( ) 4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way. A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not ?????? ( ) 1 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try

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