西北工业大学招生考试专升本理工类辅导题

西北工业大学网络教育学院招生考试专科起点本

科《英语》复习大纲

考生应具备一定的听、说、读、写等综合运用英语语言的能力。要求考生掌握英语语音的基本知识；掌握英语的基础词汇；掌握英语的基本语法规则；具有一定的阅读理解能力；具有一定的口语交际能力；具有初步的写作能力。

复习考试内容

一、语音

掌握下列语音规则：1.元音字母在单词中的读音；2.辅音字母在单词中的渎音；3.常见字母组合的读音。

二、词汇

掌握约3500个基础英语单词和相应的常用词组，正确熟练使用由这些单词构成的常用搭配。三、语法。掌握下列基本语法规则：

(一) 词法

1．名词：名词的分类；名词的数；名词的所有格；名词在句中的作用。

2．冠词：冠词(定冠词、不定冠词)的基本用法；冠词的习惯用法及冠词的省略。

3．代词：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词的用法；“it”作非人称代词、作引导词的用法。

4．数词：基数词、序数词和分数词的构成及其用法。

5．形容词与副词：形容词与副词的基本用法及其比较级。

6．介词：常用介词和介词短语的用法。

7．动词：(1) 动词的分类：及物动词与不及物动词；连系动词；助动词；情态动词。(2) 动词的基本形式：规则动词和不规则动词的形式变化。 (3) 动词主要时态的构成、用法及时态的呼应；谓语动词与主语的一致关系。(4) 情态动词的基本用法。(5) 非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)的形式及其主要用法。(6) 被动语态的构成及其基本用法。(7) 虚拟语气的常见形式及其基本用法。

8．连词：并列连词及其用法；从属连词及其用法。

(二)句法

1．五种基本句型：(1) 主语+谓语动词；(2) 主语+谓语动词+宾语；(3) 主语+连系动词+表语；

(4) 主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语；(5) 主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语。

2．句子按用途分类：(1) 陈述句(肯定式与否定式)的构成及其用法。(2) 疑问句(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句)的构成及其用法。(3) 祈使句的构成及其用法。(4) 感叹句的构成及其用法。

3．句子按结构分类：(1) 简单句；(2) 并列句及其常用连词；(3) 复合句，①主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的构成及常用关联词。②定语从句的种类、构成及常用关联词。③状语从句的种类及常用关联词。

4．强调句、倒装句和省略句

5．直接引语和间接引语

(三) 构词法

1．派生法：常用前缀和后缀；2．合成法；3．转换法。

四、阅读

考生应能读懂各种题材(包括社会生活、人物传记、科普、史地、政经、文化等)和体裁(包括记叙文、说明文、描写文、议论文等)生词量不超过所读材料2％的中等难度的文字材料。理解所读材料的主旨大意，掌握主要事实和有关细节，辨识作者的基本态度和观点，能根据有关信息进行一定的推理、判断或引申。

大学英语辅导题（一）

一、语音知识（共5小题，每题1分，共5分）在下列各组单词中，有一个单词的划线部分与其

他单词的划线部分的读音不同，找出该单词。

1、A.destruction B.graduation C.question

D.intention

2、A.function B.answer C.brunch

D.Atlantic

3、A.salute B.material C.abstract

D.Canadian

4、A.clay B.anyway C.delay

D.Monday

5、A.agent B.accent C.accelerate

D.avenue

二、词汇和语法知识（共15小题，每题1分，共15分）从每小题的四个选项中，选出最佳的一项。

6、Let me help you, ______?

A. won’t you

B. will

C. Shall I

D. shan’t I

7、I am looking forward to ______ the film again.

A. see

B. saw

C. seen

D. seeing

8、 ______ a contract last year and it is still valid.

A. We have signed

B. We signed

C. We haven’t signed

D. We have signed

9、I’m going to _______ bank. I’m going to ______ Lloyd’s Bank.

A. the / the

B. the / -

C. - / the

D. - / -

10、I really have to go now. I have ______ the doctor.

A. appointments to

B. an appointment to

C. appointment with

D. an appointment with

11、Emma only moved house last week and she _____ knows her neighbors!

A. already

B. still

C. always

D. yet

12、100,000 babies _______ born in this hospital every year.

A. are

B. were

C. would be

D. have been

13、We saw ______ wild animals while on vacation.

A. quite a few

B. quite much

C. quite many

D. quite some

14、A great many parents ______ famous universities before their children finish their secondary education.

A. is willing to visit

B. are willing to visit

C. is willing to visiting

D. are willing to visiting

15、It’ s a long way from London to Moscow but London to Sydney is even _____.

A. further

B. far

C. short

D. more

16、I think Coventry will win the match but ______ people agree with me.

A. a few

B. little

C. a little

D. few

17、Lindsey and I have been writing regularly to ______ for several years.

A. ourselves

B. each other

C. myself

D. herself

18、Mary’s house is ______ the hair salon. Do you think you can find it?

A. along

B. near to

C. against

D. next to

19、The performance of the English team was very ______. They played much worse than expected.

A. disappointing

B. disappointed

C. depressed

D. depressing

20、Either of ______ is quite capable of the work.

A. girl

B. the girl

C. girls

D. the girls

三、完型填空（共10小题，每题1分，共10分）通读下面的短文，掌握其大意。然后，从每小题的四个选择项中选出可填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

Most men and women pass through life without ever considering or criticizing _21_ their own conditions or those of the world at large. They find themselves born into a certain place in society, and they accept what each day _22_, without any thought beyond what the immediate present requires. They seek the _23_ of the needs of the moment, without much forethought, and without thinking that by sufficient effort the conditions of their lives _24_ be changed. A certain percentage, guided by personal ambition, _25_ the effort of thought and will which is necessary to place themselves among the more fortunate members of the community; but very _26_ among these are seriously concerned to secure for all the advantages which they seek for _27_. Only a few rare and exceptional men have that kind of love toward _28_ at large that makes them unable to endure patiently the general mass of evil and suffering, regardless of any relation it may have to their own lives. These _29_, driven by sympathetic pain, will seek for some new, system of society by which life may become richer, more full of joy and less full of preventable evils _30_ it is at present. But in the past such men have, as a rule, failed to interest the very victims of the injustices which they wished to remedy.

21、A. if B. either C. when D. both

22、A. was B. finishes C. brings D. is missing

23、A. satisfaction B. torture C. sorrow D. luxury

24、A. could B. must C. would like D. had better

25、A. plays B. works C. does D. makes

26、A. much B. many C little D. few

27、A. him B. them C. themselves D. anyone

28、A. themselves B. others C. mankind D. a few

29、A. many B. lot C. very D. few

30、A. than B. which C. although D. when

四、阅读理解（每题2分，共40分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容从每题的选择项中选出最佳

的一项。

Passage 1

The people who run Yosemite National Park want to make some changes. They say there are too many cars in the park. Sometimes, no more people can fit into the park.

The cars, trucks, and campers cause many problems. The cars make too much noise. People

cannot hear each other talk. The best view of Yosemite Falls is from the parking lot.

The new plan is to keep most cars out of the park. Some people come only for one day. They will have to leave their cars outside the park. They will have to ride buses into the park. Some people have reservations at hotels or campgrounds at Yosemite. They can bring in their cars, but they will have to leave them in the parking lot.

The new plan will include removing some roads. It will include removing bridges over the river. It will include making new paths for hiking and biking. Floods last year hurt in the park in many ways. Congress wants the people who run Yosemite to fix up the park. But Congress does not want Yosemite like it was before the floods. They want it to be better.

31、Some people make arrangements at _______ or campgrounds at Yosemite.

A. hotels

B. restaurants

C. parking lots

D. apartments near the park

32、People _______might not like the changes.

A. in Congress

B. who like driving

C. who like cycling

D. who like camping

33、How might the park be different after the changes?

A. It will be more quiet.

B. There will be less people.

C. There will be no cars at all.

D. Everybody will have to walk around the park.

34、Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

A. Floods-Destroyed Park

B. Changes in the Park

C. Yosemite Car Ban

D. No Cars

Passage 2

The phoenix was one of the most magnificent birds that ever lived. Unfortunately for bird watchers, the grand phoenix lived only in the imaginations of the ancient Greeks and Egyptians.

According to Greek mythology, only one phoenix at a time lived on earth. The phoenix, a male, was brightly colored, with gold and red feathers. Legend has it that the single bird lived for exactly 500 years. Just before it was to die, it would build a nest, the mythical bird's last task was to sit patiently on the nest, waiting for the sun to start the dry twigs burning and set the nest ablaze. But as the proud phoenix sacrificed itself in flame, a tiny worm would crawl from beneath the ashes. This worm grew into a new phoenix. Its first task was to gather up its father's ashes and bury them in the temple of the Egyptian sun god in Heliopolis, the City of the Sun. Each reborn phoenix lived out the remainder of its life in Arabia.

Today, the phoenix symbolizes immortality. Also, someone who succeeds where he or she had previously failed is often referred to as a phoenix.

35、This passage discusses an ancient _______.

A. king

B. myth

C. fairy tale

D. god

36、Most of a phoenix's life was supposedly spent in _______.

A. Greece

B. Egypt

C. Heliopolis

D. Arabia

37、Someone who is called a phoenix today _______.

A. has come Back from a defeat

B. is probably immortal

C. thinks he or she can live forever

D. is not well liked by colleagues

38、The life of the phoenix is described _______.

A. with the use of facts

B. in a humorous way

C. in an unclear way

D. step-by-step

Passage 3

Table top magic requires no secret formula. Even the simplest meal will

be received with enthusiasm if the table accessories are creative and colorful. No matter what type of dinnerware you own, you can enhance its beauty with a variety of attractive table linens.

When selecting a supply of tablecloths, place mats and napkins, choose easy-care or permanent press fabrics because these fabrics will reduce your workload when washday rolls around. Another consideration is the suitability of your linens for your dining style or the types of entertaining you do. The shape of your table will also dictate the kind of tablecloth you purchase. Circular or rounded tables look best covered with round or oval tablecloths. Square-cornered tables require squares or rectangles.

Finally, your table linens should complement your dinnerware. An elegant table setting requires an elegant tablecloth. A setting of stoneware looks best with heavy of colorful fabrics.

But sure to take all the necessary measurements before you start shopping for fabric of your choice. It could be embarrassing if your tablecloths are not long enough to cover the tables. It is equally distressing if your tablecloth is so long that your guests have to watch where they walk. 39、Linens should complement your dinnerware. The underlined word means _______.

A. be the same color as

B. hide defects in

C. go well with

D. serve as

a contrast to

40、The author suggests that you purchase table linens made of _______.

A. bleach-safe fabric

B. preshrunk cloth

C. easy-care material

D. stain-resistant cotton

41、Which size tablecloth would you buy for a circular table which is 30 inches high and 45 inches in diameter?

A. 45-inch round

B. 50-inch round

C. 70-inch round

D. 120-inch round

42、From this passage, we can conclude that table top _______.

A. is important for meal service

B. is a magic

C. should be colorful

D. should be made only by certain material

Passage 4

Termites are social insects like ants, living in well-organized colonies established and centered around a queen and her mate. The queen's chief function is to lay eggs. Termites of a worker caste, white in color, tend the

eggs and young and go forth to find food. Other termites form a soldier caste; they are white also but have larger heads than the workers. In the spring, young queen and king termites-brown or black in color--fly from the nest and enter the ground to mate and start new colonies.

The colonies are underground because the soil provides moisture the termites need to sustain life. A worker dining on a tasty door frame, for example, may make several trips below ground daily, both to bring food to the colony and to replenish its own moisture supply. If its retreat to earth is cut off, it will die. In brief, termites only go into wooden structures to eat. They can't move in and set up house-keeping there unless they find a supply of water, as from a plumbing leak in a wall. Almost every termite infestation begins with a colony, based in the soil. If you have a way of keeping the pests underground, you don't have to worry about them.

43、Termites have to replenish their moisture supply. This means they have to _ _ their water supply

A. replace

B. destroy

C. hide

D. drain

44、The queen's chief job is to

A. build tunnels

B. lay eggs

C. find food

D. protect the colony

45、The termites main diet consists of _______.

A. water

B. plant leaves

C. smaller insects

D. wood

46、What do termites feel the most important to consider before they move in the wood structure?

A. Food

B. Housekeeping

C. Soil

D. Water supply

Passage 5

British people are famous for drinking tea. But brother and sister, Sahar and Bobby Green, became young millionaires when they opened a chain of American-style coffee shops in the U.K.

Having the idea: It started when Sahar took a weekend trip to New York to visit her brother Bobby. One evening, in a Thai restaurant, Sahar told Bobby how much she wished she could buy American-style coffee in London. Bobby suggested they start their own coffee shop. Sahar fell in love with the idea.

Doing the Research: Back in London, she spent a whole day on the London subway, getting off the train at different stations to taste the coffee.“It was terrible, and I knew there was a gap in the market.” In November 1995, they opened their first Coffee Republic shop in central London.

Making it work: The first year was very difficult. There were problems finding and keeping staff, and British people were not used to the names of American coffees, like latte and macchiato. But being successful was their dream and they were not going to give up. Today, there are over 100 Coffee Republic shops all over the country and the company has revenues of ￡30 million a year.

Advice for others: Sahar has now written a best-selling book about their experience, called Anyone Can Do It! She hopes it will help other young people to start their own businesses. She believes success is 1% idea and 99% hard work, but she says, "If you think you have the energy, then get out and follow your dream."

47、What kind of company do these people run?

A.A fast-food restaurant

B.A teashop

C.A coffee shop

D.A hotel

48、Where are their Coffee Republic shops?

A. All over the U.K

B. All over the US

C. In central London

D. In New York

49、Which of the following statements is right?

A. British people prefer tea to coffee

B. Sahar was not interested in Bobby’s idea

C. As soon as they opened their first coffee shop, they were very successful

D. The best-seller written by Sahar is about how to make coffee

50、What is the passage mainly about?

A. Sahar’s life story

B. Sahar’s trip

C. The American-style coffee

D. The success of a family business

大学英语辅导题（一）参考答案

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大学英语辅导题（二）

一、语音知识（共5小题，每题1分，共5分）在下列各组单词中，有一个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分的读音不同，找出该单词。

1、A. chase B. coarse C. choose D. course

2、A. calm B. chalk C. salt D. behalf

3、A. although B. author C. booth D. clothing

4、A. among B. color C. along D. cover

5、A. casual B. abolish C. ancient D. chef

二、词汇和语法知识（共15小题，每题1分，共15分）从每小题的四个选项中，选出最佳的一项。

6、I ______ for the bus for the past 20 minutes and still it has not come.

A. wait

B. waited

C. have waited

D. have been waiting

7、_______ the boss pays us a visit, everyone is very nervous and on their best behavior.

A. Wherever

B. Whenever

C. Whatever

D. Whoever

8、I’m thinking of going to the match on Saturday. So _______.

A. do I

B. am I

C. I am

D. I do

9、How can he do so much work? He ______ stay late at the office every evening and take work home at weekends.

A. must

B. might

C. can’t

D. would

10、I really believe ______ this project and will do everything I can to support it.

A. in

B. on

C. with

D. over

11、I much prefer this candidate. I thought she was _______ better than the other one.

A. lot

B. bit

C. more

D. far

12、_____ of them knew about the plan because it was secret.

A. Some

B. Any

C. No one

D. None

13、Take your vaccination certificate with you ______ they ask for it at the airport.

A. unless

B. in case

C. when

D. because of

14、No cat and no dog ______ to get into the public park.

A. are allowed

B. allows

C. is allowed

D. allow

15、I intend to study English ______ American business methods.

A. to understand

B. understanding

C. understood

D. understand

16、You mustn’t mind _____ trouble over the cooking if you want your guests to enjoy their meal.

A. take

B. to take

C. taking

D. taken

17、_____ earlier, I might have done that in a totally different way.

A. I have been told

B. I were told

C. Had I been told

D. Had I told

18、_______ we choose the seventh floor instead of the sixth of the new building? Do you think that there will be more sunshine?

A. If only

B. What if

C. As if

D. Even if

19、You can’t believe that he was a _____ model when he was young.

A. tall handsome fashion

B. fashion tall handsome

C. tall fashion handsome

D. handsome fashion tall

20、When he ______, tell him that I’ve already left.

A. has come

B. came

C. comes

D. will come

三、完型填空（共10小题，每题1分，共10分）读下面短文，从每题的选择项中选出可填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

Research shows that by using computers, students become better problem solvers and better communicators. Over a network, using _21_ and sharing files, students have the chance to collaborate and work _22_ with other classmates, peers, and teachers. Networking electronically can _23_ learners create, analyze, and produce information and ideas more _24_ and efficiently. Networking people "put the inspiring and usable set of tools within reach of the mass of computer _25_, empowering them to go beyond simply processing information to design, publish, and express" (Mello, 1996). Through this _26_ electronic access to the world around them, students' social awareness and _27_ increase. Networking _28_ them from the limitations of traditional writing tools that often inhibit and restrict writing processes. Learning is then _29_ from a traditional passive-listening exercise to an experience of discovery, exploration, and excitement. Students can begin to realize their full potential when _30_ are empowered to contribute and collaborate as a team to accomplish their writing

tasks more effectively.

21、A. letter B. e-mail C. book D. message

22、A. alone B. forward C. together D. along

23、A. help B. lead C. give D. force

24、A. hard B. easily C. helpfully D. greatly

25、A. learners B. programs C. users D. tools

26、A. decreased B. raised C. fell D. increased

27、A. confidence B. consideration C. convenience D. conscience

28、A. free B. frees C. stop D. stops

29、A. moved B. passed C. transformed D. transfer

30、A. he B. it C. they D. her

四、阅读理解（每题2分，共40分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容从每题的选择项中选出最佳的一项。

Passage 1

I began to send e-mail when I was 17. I discovered Google 5 years later. Now, I use the Internet all the time. Internet has become so popular that 90 percent of 12-to-17-year-olds in the United States use the Internet, and about half of these kids use it every day. They visit chat rooms and send e-mails. They go to websites to get information for their homework.

“Kids are now living in a virtual world,” says Greenfield, an expert at the University of California, “As the Internet is becoming more and more important for our life, we should worry about one question: Is the Internet good or bad for kids?”

“It’s X to answer the question because the Internet involves so many things,” says Justine, who is from Northwestern University. “They include online computer games, news, messages and even e-mails to your grandmother.” So, more and more people believe that the online world can be helpful in some ways but dangerous in others.

“Although it’s not easy to tell whether it’s good or bad,” says Justine,“the Internet, at least, is very useful and can be used widely by everyone in the world.”

31、What percentage of American 12-to17-year-olds use the Internet every day?

A.About 45%

B.About 50%

C.About80%

D.About 90%

32、Greenfield ______.

A. works as an expert in Northwestern University

B. wants to stop all the kids from using the Internet

C. thinks that the Internet is good for all the kids in the world

D. concerns himself with whether the Internet is good or bad for children

33、“X” in the passage should be the word “______”.

A. possible

B. difficult

C. easy

D. good

34、Which is the best title of the passage?

A. Don’t Use the Internet

B. Kids and Emails

C. Is the Internet Good or Bad

D. Two Experts from Universities

Passage 2

If you've gone to the same seashore for several years, you may have noticed that the beach gets smaller every year. The wind and the waves carry the beach out to sea, bit by bit. Most shore towns try to fight the beach changes caused by ocean currents and the tides. Some dig sand out of backwater bays and dump it on the beachfront. Others build wooden piers and jetties made to keep currents away from the beach.

A type of artificial sand that has been developed might be able to slow down beach erosion. Strangely, this new kind of sand is made of ground glass! You might think that walking barefoot on ground glass would be painful. But it's not. The reason is very simple. Sand and glass are made of the same kind of material, called silicate. When glass is ground very finely, you get a sand-like substance that is harder than real sand. The size of the pieces can be controlled. Larger pieces won't be as easily affected by the wind and waves. So, a beach covered with artificial sand would last longer than a beach with real sand.

A wonderful thing about artificial sand is that it can be made from' waste glass. But making artificial sand costs three times as much as using conventional methods of beach protection. So, it is not likely that sand made of glass will be used in the near future.

35、The subject of this passage is _______.

A. summer vacations

B. the seashore

C. artificial sand

D. sand and water

36、Ground glass is _______.

A. hard to walk on

B. similar to sand but harder

C. difficult to make

D. found in nature

37、The passage suggests that artificial sand is _______.

A. not nice looking

B. the best way to slow down erosion

C. a foolish idea

D. too costly to ever be used

38、In the first sentence, the author gets the reader's attention by _______.

A. referring to something the reader might be familiar with

B. telling a fact that is very humorous

C. saying something very surprising

D. asking a question

Passage 3

The frog is an amphibian, which means "double living" or both water and land living. That is, it is able to get oxygen from water at one stage in its life and from the air at another stage. Perhaps you have heard the term amphibian used for military vehicles which can travel un both land and water. Toads and salamanders, as well as frogs, are amphibians. In the development of animals over the world's history, amphibians were the first vertebrates to live at least part time on land.

As a tadpole, the frog spends the beginning of its life living in the water. The tadpole breathes by means of tiny gills. When the lungs begin to develop, the gills disappear. By the time they are adults, all frogs have lungs for breathing while on land. In this way, the animal becomes essentially a land-adapted animal.

In addition to having lungs, frogs and salamanders have a moist skin through which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged. This moist skin is very important in the winter weather when amphibians hibernate in the mud at the bottom of ponds and lakes. They get what little oxygen they need through the skin.

Like fish, amphibians are cold-blooded animals. This means that their body temperature rises and falls with that of their surroundings.

39、This passage mainly talks about one of the amphibian, _______.

A. salamander

B. toad

C. tadpole

D. frog

40、A land-adapted animal is one which has developed the ability _______.

A. to live underground

B. to move swiftly both on land and in water

C. to breath and function when out of the water

D. to maintain a constant body temperature when on land

41、In addition to breathing with its lungs, an adult frog has the ability to breathe through its _____.

A. spout

B. gills

C. skin

D. tongue

42、Based on paragraph 4, we conclude that _______.

A. frogs cannot move about in snowy conditions

B. frogs are cold-blooded animals

C. the body temperature of frogs rises during the winter time

D. the surroundings are too dangerous for frogs to remain on land.

Passage 4

What makes a person famous? This is a mystery that many people have pondered. All kinds of myths surround the lives of well-known people.

Most people are familiar with the works of William Shakespeare, one of the greatest English writers of the sixteenth century. Yet how many know Shakespeare the person, the man behind the works?

After centuries of research, scholars are still trying to discover Shakespeare's personal history. It is not easily found in his writings. Authors of the time could not protect their works. An acting company, for example, could change a play if they' wanted to. Nowadays writers have copyrights that protect their work.

Many myths arose about Shakespeare. Some said he had no formal education. There are rumors that he left home when accused of stealing a horse. Others believe that he began his career by tending the horses of wealthy men.

All of these myths are interesting, but are they true? Probably not. Shakespeare's father was a respected man in Stratford, a member of the town council, He sent young William to grammar school. Most people of Elizabethan times did not continue beyond grammar school; so, Shakespeare did have, at least, an average education.

Some parts of Shakespeare's life will always remain unknown. The Great London Fire of 1666 burned many important documents that could have been a source of clues. We will always be left with many questions and few facts,

43、This passage deals with _______.

A. the Great London Fire

B. the lost documents of Shakespeare

C. scholars of Shakespeare

D. Shakespeare's personal history

44、Parts of Shakespeare's life continue to remain a mystery because _______.

A. people are not interested

B. researchers do not have the expertise to find the facts

C. writers had no claim over their works

D. the Great London Fire burned important documents

45、From this passage we can infer that Shakespeare _______.

A. was a horse thief

B. had no education

C. is surrounded by myths

D. was popular in Stratford

46、The first sentence arouses interest by presenting _______.

A. a direct statement

B. a question

C. an emotional appear

D. a contrast

Passage 5

A panel of government officials is worried. The air quality in some areas is not good. The air is polluted with soot. The officials worry that the air is harmful to the people who breathe the air. The officials are experts. They study the environment. They discuss ways to stop the air pollution. The panel decided to make some changes to the law.

The new plan places strict limits on how much soot can be released into the air. Now, a measurement of 65 parts of soot is considered safe. The new plan would reduce that number to 30. The daily limit of pollution in the air would be cut in half.

These new standards would affect industry. The limits would also affect people who own wood stoves and fireplaces. The county will keep track of the air quality every day. People would be required to stop burning wood when the levels are high. They could also install a kind of special fireplace. These fireplaces burn very little wood. They do not pollute the air as much. Some counties will punish families who violate the ban. They will have to pay a fine for not complying with the law.

Some states do not have much industry. Their pollution problem is not too bad. They would still have to regulate how much pollution is released into the air. The experts hope that this ban will help keep the air cleaner.

Before the plan becomes a law the public will have a chance to comment on it. Citizens will have ninety days to ask questions and voice concerns about the plan. Then it will become a law.

47、The panel is made up of _______.

A. scientists

B. homeowners

C. citizens

D. factory owners

48、How will the government know what the air quality is?

A. The factories will test the air every day

B. Scientists will test it every day

C. A report will be published

D. They will ask homeowners

49、What will happen to residents if they don't comply with the law?.

A. They will have to go to work in a factory

B. They will have to pay a fine

C. They will go to jail for ninety days

D. The government will take away their woodstove

50、Why is the government asking for comments on the new rules?

A. Because it is trying to fool people

B. Because it doesn't know how to make rules

C. Because it wants to be nice

D. Because it wants to hear what the citizens have to say

大学英语辅导题（二）参考答案

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/46348500.html,BCA 6-10.DBBAB 11-15.DDBCA https://www.wendangku.net/doc/46348500.html,BAC 21-25.BCABC

26-30.DABCC 31-34.ADBC 35-38.CBBA 39-42.DCCB 43-46.DDCB

47-50.ABBD

大学英语辅导题（三）

一、语音知识（每题1分，共5分）在下列各组单词中，有一个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分的读音不同，找出该单词。

1、A. assign B. Atlantic C. condemn D. antique

2、A. wrinkle B. why C. window D. wild

3、A. annual B. gradual C. usual D. eventually

4、A. creature B. pure C. adventure D. departure

5、A. approximate B. boxing C. complex D. exact

二、词汇和语法知识（每题1分，共15分）从每小题的四个选项中，选出最佳的一项。

6、I didn’t do as ______ I did yesterday.

A. badly today as

B. had today as

C. badly as today

D. bad as today

7、You would like the window open, ______?

A. will

B. would you

C. won’t you

D. wouldn’t you

8、He ______ in that hotel since the beginning of August.

A. has been living

B. lived

C. is living

D. lives

9、Portuguese is quite _____ Spanish.

A. similar

B. similar from

C. similar to

D. similar with

10、Speak louder so that you can make yourself ______.

A. heard

B. to hear

C. hearing

D. have been heard

11、Until last year, she was the largest ship that ______.

A. was ever built

B. has ever built

C. has ever been built

D. had ever been built

12、The teacher had the monitor ______ the papers.

A. to hand out

B. hand out

C. hand down

D. to hand down

13、Seldom ______ her in the public.

A. you can see

B. can see you

C. can you see

D. you see

14、Had you worked harder, you ______ a lot more.

A. will learn

B. will have learned

C. would learn

D. would have learned

15、 ______ sex has its own physical and psychological characteristics.

A. Every

B. Each

C. Both

D. Neither

16. You’d better go now, ______ you’ll miss the next train.

A. if

B. or else

C. or not

D. unless

17、I’ve been taking English lessons for 3 months but I ______ haven’t made much progress.

A. always

B. yet

C. still

D. already

18、Don’t leave your books near the open fire. They might easily ______.

A. catch to fire

B. catch fire

C. catch up fire

D. catch with fire

19、Don’t forget to turn off the heating before ______ the house.

A. leave

B. left

C. to leave

D. leaving

20、You are welcome to order the goods now. But payment should be made ______.

A. for advance

B. advancing

C. in advance

D. to advance

三、完型填空（每题1分，共10分）通读下面的短文，掌握其大意。然后，从每小题的四个选择项中选出可填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

Canada is the second largest country in the world in area, although its _21_ is only some 25 million, most living in a 200-mile strip _22_ the southern border. Over 25 per cent of the total number live in the three main cities. The northern areas of the country are almost uninhabited _23_ for isolated settlements.

Canada is basically a rich country, and its national _24_ per capita is the fifth highest in the world, but its economy in recent years has been rather patchy because of the varied nature of what it does.

Over the last three years, the Canadian economy has been hard _25_ by falling oil prices and by rising US interest _26_. This has led to a steep fall in industrial production -- by as much as a fifth since 1981. Some _27_ now think Canada is on the _28_ to recovery, though more cautious spirits say that no _29_ can be expected until there is a _30_ to lower interest rates in the

USA.

21、A. people B. residents C. population D. number

22、A. down B. along C. beside D. near

23、A. except B. but C. only D. besides

24、A. product B. resource C. production D. manufactures

25、A. influence B. hit C. pushed D. hammered

26、A. jobs B. founds C. rates D. industries

27、A. economists B. scholars C. Canadians D. scientists

28、A. line B. period C. time D. road

29、A. uplift B. cheer C. future D. improvement

30、A. tendency B. shift C. lift D. hike

四、阅读理解（每题2分，共40分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容从每题的选择项中选出最佳的一项。

Passage 1

Some desert regions get no rainfall for months, and even years. Yet water can be found if you dig deep enough. For a long time this was a puzzling question. Then geologists found the answer. The underground water is rainwater but the rain fell hundreds of miles away! It soaked into the ground and then flowed underground through a rock sandwich.

A rock sandwich with water in the filling has a scientific name: aquifer. An aquifer is composed of two or more layers of nonporous rock. That's the bread of the sandwich. The filling is a layer of porous rock or sand. The whole sandwich, or aquifer, is titled at a slant. The higher end is in a region of good rainfall, where the rain soaks into the porous rock or sand. The rainwater flows down at a slant between the nonporous rock layers. If a well is drilled through the top layer, the water flows up into the well.

If the upper end of the aquifer is higher than the top of the well, the water is forced up without pumping. This convenient arrangement is called an artesian well because this kind of well was first developed in Artois, France.

31、A geologist is a person who studies _______.

A. weather patterns

B. boundaries and land claims

C. the surface layers of the earth

D. the orbits of heavenly bodies

32、After the rain soaks into rocks, the rain water flows _______.

A. into the well

B. down between rock layers

C. through the sandwich

D. to the dry regions

33、The artesian well was first developed in

A. France

B. Spain

C. England

D. America

34、This passage is about _______.

A. freshwater seas

B. salt water

C. mountain streams

D. underground water

Passage 2

Luckily, the back tires of their car stayed on the road. Otherwise, the young couple would have driven right into a pit twenty feet wide and thirty feet deep!

The man and woman were coming home from a party. They were enjoying the landscape around Swansea, Wales. Suddenly, they found the front of their car leaning into a huge hole. The car barely hung onto the edge of the pit. It swayed back and forth like the arm of a balance,

In their precarious position, the couple knew that each movement they made could be a matter of life and death. Slowly, slowly, they edged toward the backseat. Then each opened a back door. And on the count of three, they jumped out together. The accident was so scary that they ran a long way before they calmed down. But later they returned to see what had happened. They found that a big chunk of the road had sunk into the ground! And at the bottom of the pit lay their car---roof down and wheels up.

Was this mystery of the sunken road ever solved? It turned out that an abandoned mine shaft lay under the road. It had collapsed and taken the pavement with it. Layers of tunnels intersect beneath the city of Swansea. The tunnels were built so many years ago that no one knows where they end or begin. The tunnels are shaky, like those that ants build in the sand. No one knows when the entire city might co]lapse.

35、This passage is primarily about _______.

A. driving carefully

B. the city of Swansea, Wales

C. a road that caved in

D. tunnels that ants build

36、It is probably true that _______.

A. the other roads in Swansea are pretty safe

B. other sections of Swansea will cave in sometime

C. everyone should move out of Swansea

D. Swansea is a very interesting city

37、The writer creates interest in the first sentence by using _______.

A. a funny story

B. romantic imagery

C. a vivid description

D. a

precise argument

38、The word precarious means _______.

A. unexpected

B. dangerous

C. unusual

D. ridiculous

Passage 3

Stories don't just happen; they are created. There are no stories in the everyday course of events; there are only the ingredients for stories. A dozen people may watch a man standing on the fifth-floor ledge or a small child crying. There is no story involved in either case unless one of the dozen chooses to make one up--to surround the isolated event with a beginning and an end, thereby giving what we call a meaning to human action. In other words, there has to be a story-maker--a story-teller--if there is to be a story. You as the story-maker or writer are in complete control of all of the details of your story. You have control over who the characters are, what they do, and why they do it. You also have control over how the story is to be told and who is going to tell it. You can adopt one of a number of points of view, each of which will give a quite different total story.

Broadly speaking, there are two major approaches a writer can take: (1) you can present the story as if told by someone who is completely outside it, or (2) you can present the story as if told by one of its characters. In either case, the teller's role is an assumed role.

39、The author of this passage uses ingredients to mean _______.

A. creative features

B. unimportant details

C. misleading facts

D. raw materials

40、Who controls all the details of the story?

A. The story-maker

B. The characters

C. The publisher

D. The proofreader

41、The. main idea of this passage is _______.

A. stories are created

B. nonfiction stories are true

C. legends are a type of story

D. most stories are historical accounts

42、Based on the two approaches mentioned in the passage, the story can be told by _______.

A. the one who writes the story

B. people who create stories

C. the man who is watched by people

D. the one who is one of the characters

Passage 4

西北工业大学材料科学与工程专业简介

材料科学与工程 1．培养目标 培养在金属材料、无机非金属材料、光电信息功能材料、电子材料与器件、复合材料领域的科学与工程方面具有较宽基础知识、从事材料设计、研究、开发和技术管理的高级工程技术人才。 2．课程设置 主要课程：材料科学基础、物理化学、材料工程基础、材料现代研究方法、金属材料、光电材料、功能材料、复合材料、电子技术与控制、计算机系列课程等。 3．深造与就业方向 毕业生可继续攻读本专业及相关专业的硕士研究生，近三年本科考取研究生比例60%以上。 毕业生就业实行双向选择，毕业后可到研究所、企业从事科学研究、设计、生产管理、工程技术应用及高等院校的教学工作。 4．学制/学位 本科四年制/工学学士 材料科学与工程专业四年制本科培养方案 Cultivating Scheme of 4-year Undergraduate Course- Material and Enginee ring Speciality 一、培养目标 本专业培养具备金属材料及无机非金属材料科学与工程方面的知识，能在材料制备、成型加工、材料结构研究与分析等领域从事科学研究、技术开发、工艺和设备设计、生产及经营管理等方面工作的高级工程技术人才。

Ⅰ.Scheme Objectives The objectives of this scheme are to provide students of this major with t he technology and engineering knowledge of metal and inorganic-nonmetal mat erials, in order to make them outstanding engineers who are capable of underta king works of science research, technique and appliance design, manufacturing process management. 二、培养要求 本专业学生主要学习材料科学及各类材料加工工艺的基础理论与技术和有关设备的设计方法，受到现代机械工程师的基本训练，具有从事材料制备、加工成型研究、进行各类材料加工工艺及设备设计、生产组织管理的基本能力。Ⅱ.Requirements Students of this speciality shall learn the basic theories of material science and methods of material processing and how to design related equipment. The y also shall be trained to be modern mechanic engineers who are capable of d oing research works about material fabricating, forming, processing and related equipment design. At same time, they also should have the ability of fundame ntal management of manufacture process. 毕业生应获得以下几方面的知识和能力： Student of this major must fulfill the following requirements: （1）具有较扎实的自然科学基础，较好的人文、艺术和社会科学基础及正确运用本国语言、文字的表达能力； （2）具有较系统地掌握本专业领域宽广的理论基础知识，主要包括材料科学、力学、机械学、电工与电子技术、计算机系列课程、热加工工艺基础、自动化基础、市场经济及企业管理等基础知识； （3）具有本专业必需的计算、测试、文献检索能力和基本工艺操作等基本技能及较强的计算机和外语应用能力；

计算机专升本试题及答案复习课程

计算机专升本试题及 答案

计算机专升本试题及答案 专升本考试是大学专科层次学生进入本科层次阶段学习的选拔考试的简称，是中国大陆教育体制大专层次学生升入本科院校的考试制度。计算机专升本试题及答案，我们来看看下文。 一、单选题 (每小题1分，共30分) 1. 在Word的编辑状态，当前文档中有一个表格，选定列后，单击表格菜单中"删除列"命令后( )。 A.表格中的内容全部被删除，但表格还存在 B.表格和内容全部被删除 C.表格被删除，但表格中的内容未被删除 D.表格中插入点所在的列被删除 2. 十进制数8000转换为等值的八进制数是( )。 A.571(O) B.57100(O) C.175(O) D.17500(O) 3. 下列设备中，既能向主机输入数据又能接受主机输出数据的是( )。 A.显示器 B.扫描仪 C.磁盘存储器 D.音响设备 4. 下列操作中，( )不能关闭FrontPage应用程序。 A.单击“关闭”按钮 B.单击“文件”菜单中的“退出” C.单击“文件”菜单中的“关闭” D.双击标题栏左边的控制菜单框 5. 在Excel 清单中，( )。

A.只能将标题行冻结 B.可以将任意的列或行冻结 C.可以将A列和1、2、3行同时冻结 D.可以将任意的单元格冻结 6. CRT显示器的像素光点直径有多种规格，下列直径中显示质量最好的是( )mm。 A.0.39 B.0.33 C.0.31 D.0.28 7. 软盘不加写保护，对它可以进行的操作是( )。 A.只能读盘，不能写盘 B.只能写盘，不能读盘 C.既能读盘，又能写盘 D.不能读盘，也不能写盘 8. 软件与程序的区别是( )。 A.程序价格便宜、软件价格昂贵 B.程序是用户自己编写的，而软件是由厂家提供的 C.程序是用高级语言编写的，而软件是由机器语言编写的 D.软件是程序以及开发、使用和维护所需要的所有文档的总称,而程序是软件的一部分 9. 微型计算机中使用的人事档案管理系统，属下列计算机应用中的( )。 A.人工智能 B.专家系统 C.信息管理 D.科学计算 10. 下列四个不同进制的无符号整数中，数值最小的是( )。 A.10010010(B) B.221(O) C.147(D) D.94(H)

西北工业大学博士入学考试材料物理、材料综合复习题

2001博士秋季入学考试试题 1（16分）共价键的数目(为配位电子数)和方向(电子云密度最大方向)取决于什么？利用杂化轨道理论解释金刚石(sp 3)结构中的共价键，并计算碳的sp 3键的键角(109.28)。 2（12分）离子晶体在平衡时的结合能为：)11(80020n R NMe U E b -==πε，M 称为马德隆常数。试解释M 的意义。(西工大固体物理P41；M 是与晶体结构有关的常数) 3（12分）试比较经典的和量子的金属自由电子理论。(方俊鑫P285；黄昆P275) 4（12分）举例说明能带理论在解释固体材料有关性质(绝缘、半导、导体)、设计新材料中的应用。(西工大P111) 5（12分）解释金属及半导体的电阻率(高温时、低温时)随温度变化的规律。(西工大P192)

6（12分）分析固体表面的成分可采用那些分析技术和方法。(电子能谱：光电子能谱、俄歇电子、离子中和谱；离子谱：低能离子散射、高能离子散射、二次离子质谱、溅射中性粒子谱、致脱附离子角分布) 7（12分）晶体致的电缺陷有那些类型？分析其形成原因及对晶体性质的影响。（西工大P149、151） 8（12分）简述物质超到态的主要特征。（西工大P206、零电阻，充合抗磁） 答：1，低能电子衍射；2，表面敏感扩展X 吸收精细结构；3，场离子显微镜；4，电子显微镜；5，投射电子显微镜，扫描电子显微镜；6，扫描隧道显微镜；7，原子力显微镜；8，摩擦力显微镜 2001博士春季入学考试试题 1（16）N 对离子组成的NaCl 晶体的总互作用势能为 ??????-=R e R B N R U n 024)(πεα 其中α是马德隆常数，B 为晶格参量，n 为玻恩指数。 （1） 证明平衡原子间距为n e B R n 2 0104απε=- （2） 证明平衡时的结合能为)11(4)(0020n R Ne R U --=πεα

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第一学期 [1010010]大学计算机基础[1110011]高等数学（1）[1110070]普通化学 [1310011]大学英语一级[2110011]体育 [2010021]形势与政策[1310210]中国近现代史纲要[2010010]军事理论 [2090010]军训 [1010130]大学计算机基础实验[0520030]机械制图 [2010031]思想道德修养与法律基础第二学期 [1010030]C语言程序设计II [1110051]大学物理（1）[1310012]大学英语二级[0120110]航空航天技术概论[2110012]体育 [2390020]金工实习B（非机类）[2010022]形势与政策[2010032]思想道德修养与法律基础

[1010150]C语言程序设计II实验 [0190110]公益劳动 [1110012]高等数学（2） [1110061]物理实验（1） 2009-2010学年 第一学期 [1110052]大学物理（2） [1110062]物理实验（2） [1310013]大学英语三级 [0120290]矢量分析与场论 [2110013]体育 [0610050]理论力学 [2010023]形势与政策 [0120740]线性代数 [0120750]概率论与数理统计 第二学期 [1310014]大学英语四级 [0120130]流体力学基础 [2110014]体育 [2010024]形势与政策 [1310200]毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想

[1310240]概论社会实践课 [0520450]电工电子技术 [0590030]制图测绘 [0520500]电工电子技术实验课[0120770]结构强度基础 2010-2011学年 第一学期 [1010080]软件技术I [0120090]空气动力学 [0120190]飞行器性能计算 [0130370]结构强度基础试验 [0120500]复变函数 [0120510]计算方法 [1010200]软件技术I实验 [1310190]马克思主义基本原理[0120640]工程材料 [0190020]认识实习 [0190030]计算机实习 [0520120]机械设计基础 [0130360]流体力学试验 [0120170]弹性力学 [0120760]飞行器结构力学基础

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2010——2011学年第一学期中考试 07级1班《计算机基础》试题 （附：将答案填写到答案卷上，本卷为试题卷） 客观题（80分） 一、判断题（每小题0.5分，共10分,请填写A(true)或B(false)） 1．一般硬盘不应擅自打开。（T） 2．总线是一种通信标准。（T） 3．计算机处理数据的基本单位是文件。（F） 4．计算机的软件一定是程序。（F） 5．程序必须送到主存储器内，计算机才能够执行相应的命令。（T） 6．计算机的所有计算都是在内存中进行的。（F） 7．计算机的存储器可分为主存储器和辅助存储器两种。（T） 8．裸机是指刚刚装好了操作系统，其他软件都没有安装的计算机。（F） 9．Windows XP操作系统关机时，可以快速关机，即直接切断计算机电源。（F） 10．不论用户打开的是什么窗口，滚动条肯定会出现，并且可以移动到任意位置。（F） 11. 微机断电后，机器内部的计时系统依然在工作。（T） 12. 操作系统是计算机最内层的软件。（T） 13. 微机中的“BUS”一词是指“基础用户系统”。（F） 14. 十六进制数是由0,1,2…13,14,15这十六种数码组成。（F） 15. 上档键Shift仅对标有双符号的键起作用。（F） 16. 磁盘读写数据的方式是按照数据地址顺序的。（T） 17. 软盘的存储容量与其直径大小成正比。（F） 18. 微机字长取决于数据总线宽度。（T） 19. 显示器是由监视器与显示卡两部分组成的。（T） 20. 汉字字库中存放的是汉字的字形码或矢量码。（F） 二、单项选择题（在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确的答案。每小题1分，共50分） 1．世界上第一台电子计算机是1946年在美国研制成功的，该机的英文缩写是（A）。 Ａ．ＥＮＩＡＣＢ．ＥＤＢＡＣＣ．ＥＤＳＡＣＤ．ＭＡＲＫ 2．操作系统是计算机系统中的（A）。 A．核心系统软件B．关键的硬件部件C．广泛使用的应用软件D．外部设备 3．计算机能直接识别的语言是（C）。 A．高级程序语言B．汇编语言C．机器语言D．C语言． 4．用户用计算机高级语言编写的程序，通常称为（C）。 A．汇编程序B．目标程序C．源程序D．二进制代码程序 5．电子计算机的发展过程经历了四代，其划分依据是（C）。 A．计算机体积B．计算机速度C．构成计算机的电子元件D．内存容量 6．在计算机内一切信息存取、传输都是以（B）形式进行的。 A．ASCII码B．二进制码C．十六进制D．BCD码 7．在进位计数制中，当某一位的值达到某个固定量时，就要向高位产生进位。这个固定量 就是该种进位计数制的（D）。 A．阶码B．尾数C．原码D．基数 8．下列一组数中最大的数是（C）。 A．(108)10B．(1 100100)2C．(79)16D．(162)8 9．二进制数11100011转换成十进制数为（C）。 A．157 B．159 C．227 D．228 10．十六进制数58．C的二进制数表示是（A）。 A．1011000.11 B．1000101.01 C．111000.1 D．1101000.11 11．在计算机中，一个字节包含二进制的位数是（C）。 A．2 B．4 C．8 D．16 12．硬盘工作时，应特别注意避免（A）。 A．剧烈震动B．噪声C．光线直射D．环境卫生不好 13．美国计算机协会设立的（ C ）奖，每年授予在计算机科学领域作出特殊贡献的人。 A．诺贝尔B．布尔C．图灵D．冯·诺依曼 14．按对应的ASCII码值来比较（B）。 A．“a”比“b”大B．“f”比“Q”大C．空格比逗号大D．“H”比“R”大 15．字符5和7的ASCII码的二进制数分别是（D）。 A．1100101和110011l B．10100011和0111111 C．1000101和1100011 D．0110101和0110111 16．已知字母“H”的ASCII码是48H，则字母的“h’的ASCII码（A）。 A．68H B．28H C．98H D．34H 17．在计算机中设有某进制３×３＝１０，根据这个运算规则，８＋7＝（C）。 A．９B．１８Ｃ．１6Ｄ．15 18．存储10个32×32点阵的汉字字模信息需要（B）B。 A．79 B．1280 C．88 D．3200 19．在计算机存储器中，一个字节可保存（B）。 A．一个汉字B．一个ASCII码表中的字符Ｃ．一个英文句子D．0到256间的一个整数 20．使用Cache可以提高计算机运行速度，这是因为（B）。 A．Cache增大了内存的容量B．Cache缩短了CPU的等待时间 C．Cache扩充了硬盘的容量D．Cache可以存放程序和数据 21．计算机软件包括应用软件和（B）。 A．游戏软件B．系统软件C．程序设计软件D．数据库管理软件 22．属于计算机的输入设备的是（C）。 A．显示器B．绘图仪C．鼠标D．音箱 23．下列有关存储器读写速度的排列，正确的是（B）。 A．RAM>Cache>硬盘>软盘B．Cache>RAM>硬盘>软盘C．Cache>硬盘>RAM>软盘D．RAM>硬盘>软盘>Cache 24．下列汉字输人码中（B）属于音码。 A．区位码B．全拼输入码C．自然码D．五笔字型码 25．下列术语中，属于显示器性能指标的是（C）。 A．速度B．可靠性C．分辨率D．精度 1