翻译作业
Exercise for Advanced English-Chinese Translation 2-1
1
Fear of Dearth （1）
Carl Tucker
I hate jogging. Every dawn, as I thud around New York City’s Central Park reservoir, I am reminded of how much I hate it. It’s so tedious. Some claim jogging is thought conducive; others insist the scenery relieves the monotony. For me, the pace is wrong for contemplation of either ideas or vistas. While jogging, all I can think about is jogging—or nothing. One advantage of jogging around a reservoir is that there’s no d ry-shortcut home.
From the listless looks of some fellow trotters, I gather I am not alone in my unenthusiasm: Bill-paying, it seems, would be about as diverting. Nonetheless, we continue to jog; more, we continue to choose to jog. From a practically infinite array of opportunities, we select one that we don’t enjoy and can’t wait to have done with. Why?
For any trend, there are as many reasons as there are participants. This person runs to lower his blood pressure. That person runs to escape the telephone or a cranky spouse or a filthy household. Another person runs to avoid doing anything else, to dodge a decision about how to lead his life or a realization that his life is leading nowhere. Each of us has his carrot and stick. In my case, the stick is my slackening physical condition, which keeps me from beating opponents at tennis whom I overwhelmed two years ago. My carrot is to win.
Beyond these disparate reasons, however, lies a deeper cause. It is no accident that now, in the last third of the 20th century, personal fitness and health has suddenly become a popular obsession. True, modern man likes to feel good, but that hardly distinguishes him from his predecessors.
With zany myopia, economists like to claim that the deeper cause of every thing is economic. Delightfully, there seems no marketplace explanation for jogging. True, jogging is cheap, but then not jogging is cheaper. And the scant and skimpy equipment which jogging demands must make it a marketer’s least favored form of recreation. (336)
2
Fear of Dearth （2）
Some scout-masterish philosophers argue that the appeal of jogging and other body-maintenance programs is the discipline they afford. We live in a world in which individuals have fewer and fewer obligations. The workweek has shrunk. Weekend worship is less compulsory. Technology gives us more free time. Satisfactorily filling free time requires imagination and effort. Freedom is a wide and risky river, it can drown the person who does not know how to swim across it. The more obligations one takes on, the more time one occupies, the less threat freedom poses. Jogging can become an instant obligation. For a portion of his day, the jogger is not his own man, he is obedient to a regimen he accepted.
Theologists may take the argument one step farther. It is our modern irreligion, our lack of confidence in any hereafter, that makes us anxious to stretch our mortal stay as long as possible. We run, as the saying goes, for our lives, hounded by the suspicion that these are the only lives we are likely to enjoy.
All of these theorists seem to me more or less right. As the growth of cults and charismatic religions and the resurgence of enthusiasm for the military draft suggest, we do crave commitment. And who can doubt, watching so many middle-aged and older persons torturing themselves in the name of fitness, that we are unreconciled to death, more so perhaps than any generation in modern memory?
But I have a hunch there’s a further explanation of our obsession with exercise. I suspect that what motivates us even more than a fear of death is a fear of dearth. Our era is the first to anticipate the eventual depletion of all natural resources. We see wilderness shrinking, rivers losing their capacity to sustain life; the air, even the stratosphere, being loaded with potentially deadly junk. We see the irreplaceable being squandered, and in the depths of our consciousness we are fearful that we are creating an uninhabitable would. We feel more or less helpless and yet, at the same time, desirous to protect what resources we can. We recycle soda bottles and restore old buildings and protect our nearest natural resource—our physical health—in the almost superstitious hope that such small gestures will help save an earth that we are blighting. Jogging becomes a sort of penance for our sins of gluttony, greed, and waste. Like a hairshirt or a bed of nails, the more one hates it, the more virtuous it makes one feel.
That is why we jog. Why I jog is to win at tennis. (433)
3
In Amy's Eyes （1）
James Webb
Instead of certainties, my generation has treated its children to endless debates and doubts. How will they judge us?
On the dresser in Amy' S empty bedroom was a music box with Snoopy on the lid, a gift when she was four or five. She had outgrown it years before and yet could never bear to part with it. It connected her to simpler days.
I picked it up the evening after she departed for college. Her bedroom haunted me with its silence, its unaccustomed tidiness, with the odd souvenirs from a childhood that was now history. But it was the music box that caught my eye. I opened it and the plaintive song played automatically, surprising me. I remembered, tears filling my eyes, the small child holding the box before she went to sleep. When I saw that she had placed my Marine Corps ribbons from Vietnam inside, I wept like a fool.
I had not seen the ribbons in ten years. When Amy was small, she wore them to school, picking out one or a few to match a jacket or a sweater. It perplexed her mother and caused her teacher to think I was a militarist at a time when virulent antimilitarism was de rigueur. But even at five she could read inside my heart. She had conceived a way to show her loyalty on an issue that was drowning me in pain.
At a time when right and wrong had canceled each other out, when the country was in chaos and I was struggling with the wreckage of my life, my daughter was my friend. At three, she comforted me, asking the right questions when I learned that my closest friend in law school had died. At five, she tried to take care of me when, badly shaken by the suicide of a young veteran, I retreated to a remote campsite. At ten, as her class cheered the return of our hostages from Iran, she lectured them on the difficult homecoming of our Vietnam veterans.
Amy' s childhood years have formed her view of the world, but like so many compatriots,
her life echoed with the turmoil of her elders. Amy has been treated to a view that government is corrupt and unfair. This was fed by continuous debates over civil rights, the Vietnam war, Watergate and the Iran-contra affair. (394)
4
In Amy's Eyes （2）
James Webb
Amy grew up listening to the disagreements of her parents, both before and after their divorce. She learned what it meant to be a "latchkey kid," cared for by phone. She heard those who had celebrated the drug culture tell her "just say no" at about the time that high-school dealers started wearing beepers to class. She knows that the generation that flaunted sexual freedom is queasy now, what with abortion so common among teenagers and the illegitimacy rate triple that of 20 years ago.
The greatest legacy of the babyboom generation's early adulthood has been that it asked all the right questions but resolved nothing. Raised by parents whose sacrifices during the Great Depression and World War II purchased for us the luxury of being able to question, we all understood the standards from which some of us were choosing to deviate.
But riven by disagreement, we have encouraged our children to believe that there are no touchstones, no true answers, no commitments worthy of sacrifice. That there are no firm principles: That for every cause there is a countercause. That for every reason to fight there is a reason to run. That for every yin there is a yang.
How will our children react to this philosophical quagmire? My bet is that they will surprise us with their stability, that they will perhaps be slower to make commitments, but more serious when they do.
Someone who has bounced between two parents will not marry with the thought that "we can always get a divorce if it doesn't work." Someone who has viewed the nightmarish results of political policies and recreational activities that were rather innocently begun will be more careful to consider the implications of new seductions at the outset. In the end, just as my tiny daughter eased my personal turmoil years ago, she and her contemporaries may become the arbiters of the generation that spawned them.
Thinking of these things as I sat in the quiet of her bed-room, listening to the yellow music box that still reminds me of the adoration in Amy's eyes, I understood another truth: we, the members of a creative, sometimes absurd, always narcissistic postwar generation, will soon receive a judgment. Whatever it is, our children have earned the right to make it. (382)
5
You next computer
By Brad Stone
One hundred nineteen hours, 41 minutes and 16 seconds. That’s the amount of time Adam Rappoport, a high-school senior in Philadelphia, has spent talking into his silver version LG phone sin ce he got it as a gift last Chanukah. That’s not even the full extent of his habit. He also spends countless additional hours using his phone’s Internet connection to check sports scores, download new ringtones (at a buck a piece) and send short messages to his friends’ phones, even in the middle of class. “I know the touch-tone pad on the phone
better than I know a key-board,” he says. “I’m a phone guy.” (104)
In some European airport, Peter Hiltunen, a computer-sales executive from Finland, is waiting fo r another flight.... To pass the time, he downloads the sports magazine Riento! to his mobile phone. For $2, publisher Sendandsee gives him eight pages of pictures and text about sporting events and athletes (48)
…
PalmOne is among the firms racing to trot out the full-featured computerlike phones that the industry dubs “smartphones”. Hawkins’s newest product, the sleek, pocket-size Treo 600, has a tiny key-board, a built-in digital camera and slots for added memory. Other device makers have introduced their own unique versions of the smartphone. Nokia’s N-Gage, launched last fall, with a new version to hit stores this month, plays videogames. Motorola’s upcoming MPx has a nifty “dual-hings” design: the handset opens in one direction and looks like a regular phone, but it also flips open along another axis and looks like an email device, with the expanded phone keypad serving as a small QWERTY keyboard. There are also smart-phones on the way with video cameras, GPS antennas and access to local Wi-fi hotspots, the superfast wireless networks often found in offices, airports and local cafes. There’s not yet a phone that doubles as an electric toothbrush, but that can’t be far away. (159)
6
Person of the Year
Nancy Gibbs
Sept.11 delivered both a shock and a surprise - the attack, and our response to it - and we can argue forever over which mattered more. There has been so much talk of the goodness that erupted that day that we forget how unprepared we were for it. We did not expect much from a generation that had spent its middle age examining all the ways it failed to measure up to the one that had come before - all fat, no muscle, less a beacon to the world than a bully, drunk on blessings taken for granted.
It was tempting to say that Sept. 11 changed all that, just as it is tempting to say that every hero needs a villain, and goodness needs evil as its grinding stone. But try looking a widow in the eye and talking about all the good that has come of this. It may not be a coincidence, but neither is it a partnership: good does not need evil, we owe no debt to demons, and the attack did not make us better. It was an occasion to discover what we already were. "Maybe the purpose of all this," New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani said at a funeral for a friend," is to find out if America today is as strong as when we fought for our independence or when we fought for ourselves as a Union to end slavery or as strong as our fathers and grandfathers who fought to rid the world of Nazism." The terrorists, he argues, were counting on our cowardice. They've learned a lot about us since then. And so have we.
For leading that lesson, for having more faith in us than we had in ourselves, for being brave when required and rude where appropriate and tender without being trite, for not sleeping and not quitting and not quitting and not shrinking from the pain all around him, Rudy Giuliani, Mayor of the World, is TIME' s2001 Person of the Year. (336) (From Time, December31, 2001/January 7, 2002)
7
My Financial Career
Stephen Leacock
When I go into a bank I get rattled. The clerks rattle me; the wickets rattle me; the sight of the money rattles me; everything rattle me.
The moment I cross the threshold of a bank and attempt to transact business there, I become an irresponsible idiot.
I knew this beforehand, but my salary had been raised to fifty dollars a month and I felt that the bank was the only place for it.
So I shambled in and looked timidly round at the clerks. I had an idea that a person about to open an account must need consult the manager.
I went up to a wicket marked 'Accountant'. The Accountant was a tall, cool devil. The very sight of him rattled me. My voice was sepulchral.
'Can I see the manager?' I said, and added solemnly, 'alone.' I don't know why I said 'alone.'
'Certainly,' said the accountant, and fetched him.
The manager was a grave, calm man. I held my fifty-six dollars clutched in a crumpled ball in my pocket.
'Are you the manager?' I said. god knows I didn't doubt it.
'Yes,' he said.
'Can I see you,' I asked, 'alone?' I didn't want to say 'alone' again, but without it the thing seemed self-evident.
The manager looked at me in some alarm. He felt that I had an awful secret to reveal.
'Come in here,' he said, and led the way to a private room He turned the key in the lock.
'We are safe from interruption here,' he said: 'sit down.'
We both sat down and looked at each other. I found no voice to speak.
'You are one of Pinkerton's men, I presume,' he said.
He had gathered from my mysterious manner that I was a detective. I knew what he was thinking, and it made me worse.
'No, not from Pinkerton's,' I said, seeming to imply that I came from a rival agency.
'To tell the truth,' I went on, as if I had been prompted to lie about it, 'I am not a detective at all. I have come to open an account. I intend to keep all my money in this bank.'
The manager looked relieved but still serious; he concluded now that I was a son of Baron Rothschild or a young Gould.
'A large account, I suppose,' he said.
'Fairly large, I whispered. 'I propose to deposit fifty-six dollars now and fifty dollars a month regularly.
The manager got up and opened the door. He called to the accountant.
'Mr. Montgomery,' he said unkindly loud, 'this gentleman is opening an account. He will deposit fifty-six dollars. Good morning.'
I rose.
A big iron door stood open at the side of the room.
'Good morning,' I said, and stepped into the safe.
'Come out,' said the manager coldly, and showed me the other way.
I went up to the accountant's wicket and poked the ball of money at him with a quick convulsive as if I were doing a conjuring trick.
My face was ghastly pale.
'Here,' I said, 'deposit it.' The tone of the words seemed to mean, 'Let us do this painful thing while the fit is on us.' （532）
He took the money and gave it to another clerk.
He made me write the sum on a slip and sign my name in a book. I no longer knew what I was doing. The bank swam before my eyes.
'Is it deposited?' I asked in a hollow, vibrating voice.
'It is,' said the accountant.
'Then I want to draw a cheque.
Winner and Loser
The word "winner" and "loser" have many meanings. When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who makes someone else lose. To us, a winner is one who responds authentically by being credible, trustworthy, responsive, and genuine, both as an individual and as a member of a society.
①Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be; rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence, and manipulating others. ②They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. ③Winners do not need to hide behind a mask.
④Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge.
⑤They can separate facts from opinions and don't pretend to have all the answers. ⑥They listen to others, evaluate what they say, but come to their own conclusions. ⑦Although winners can admire and respect other people, they are not totally defined, demolished, bound, or awed by them.
⑧Winners do not play "helpless", nor do they play the blaming game. Instead, they assume responsibility for their own lives.（208）
与上一篇进行比较，注意文体的差异及其翻译策略的运用。
8
My secret predawn rite
Time was in my life when the dawn happened to other people. I was definitely not a morning person: I associated the sunrise with long plane flights across many time zones and groggy strolls around strange cities waiting for my hotel room to become available. Then I had children, and the first light took on new meaning. Sometimes it was the sigh at the end of a fretful night up with a feverish baby; or the opposite, the joyous cry of an exuberant 3-year-old eager to get the day going. It was only later, when mornings were taken over by the getting-to-school frenzy, that I discovered the serenity of the surprisingly fast transition from night to day. For the small price of 15 minutes of sleep I could buy 15 minutes of solitary peace—with a cup of coffee and the newspaper. Given the tidbit of time at my disposal, I developed the habit of skimming the paper, which quickly came down to a surreptitious and
almost superstitious ritual of checking out obituaries.
At first I attributed this new habit to advancing age—I had recently turned 40—and glumly concluded that I was becoming morbid. But why, then, was I finding my secret rite so uplifting? Finally, after many years of starting the day this way, I have figured out that I am doing it not to obsess about death but to find out about life. Real life. Obituaries capture the benchmarks of life span without passing judgment or making order out of the events. The high points are easy—Pulitzer Prize winners joke that as soon as they are named they know what the headline is going to be on their obituary—but I read most attentively for clues to the defeats and the flat-line periods, the inexplicable changes of heart and the twists of fate, the gambles and the unexpected consequences, the loose ends….
The message that comes through over and over is that although there are times in any life when things seem to be proceeding step by logical step, the whole is mostly random and askew. Life, as every biography and obit I have ever read confirms, is what happens when you are making other plans. (371) (by Suzanne B. Levine from Newsweek, August 4, 1997)
9 (TEM 8)
Revise the translation of the passage on P63-64 (2005 TEM 8)
2012年TEM8
10
From Dreams from my Father
A few months after my twenty-first birthday, a stranger called to give me the news. I was living in New York at the time, on Ninety-fourth between Second and First, part of that unnamed, shifting border between East Harlem and the rest of Manhattan. It was an uninviting block, treeless and barren, lined with soot-colored walk-ups that cast heavy shadows for most of the day. The apartment was small, with slanting floors and irregular heat and a buzzer downstairs that didn’t work, so that visitors had to call ahead from a pay phone at the corner gas station, where a black Doberman the size of a wolf paced through the night in vigilant patrol, its jaws clamped around an empty beer bottle.
None of this concerned me much, for I didn’t get many visitors. I was impatient in those days, busy with work and unrealized plans, and prone to see other people as unnecessary distractions. It wasn’t that I didn’t appreciate company exactly. I enjoyed exchanging Spanish pleasantries with my mostly Puerto Rican neighbors, and on my way back from classes I’d usually stop to talk to the boys who hung out on the stoop all summer long about the Knicks or the gunshots they’d heard the night before. When the weather was good, my roommate and I might sit out on the fire escape to smoke cigarettes and study the dusk washing blue over the city, or watch white people from the better neighborhoods nearby walk their dogs down our block to let the animals shit on our curbs-“Scoop the poop, you bastards!” my roommate would shout with impressive rage, and we’d laugh at the faces of both master and beast, grim and unapologetic as they hunkered down to do the deed.
I enjoyed such moments-but only in brief. If the talk began to wander, or cross the border into familiarity, I would soon find reason to excuse myself. I had grown too comfortable in my solitude, the safest place I knew. (333) (from Dreams from my father--A Story of Race and Inheritance By Barack Obama)
11
Against laxity in grading
Educators in the USA are aware: it has become much too easy to get A's these days. They' re calling for a return to the standards of yesteryear.
A major assault is being mounted by the nation's colleges and universities against laxity in grading that is showering A’s and B’s on hundreds of thousands of undeserving students. Target of this thrust is a situation, prevalent in U.S. higher education, that is becoming the despair of employers and graduate schools trying to judge the merit of applicants loaded down by high but often inflated grades.
At Princeton University during the fall term of 1974-75, nearly 70 percent of total grades were A' s and B' s. Seventy-six percent of Duke University' s undergraduates earned A’s and B’s last fall. Sidney Simon, professor of education at the University of Massachusetts, called college grading systems "archaic prescientific, bureaucratic inventions," and "about as accurate as
police estimates of crowds of peace marches."
It was in the late 1960s, during the student revolt, that hard grading went out of style. To many students then, grades symbolized "elitism", a way of making demeaning distinctions between human beings. Hundreds of colleges and universities proceeded to establish pass fail systems, which made no distinction between brilliant students and the run-of-the-mill variety.
But tough grading is now wanted. There is a widespread demand for “hard” grading as found in November, 1975, from campus to campus. Students said they want to know where they stand in school--and so do their parents. The same response turned up at graduate schools, which need screen large numbers of applicants knocking at their doors, and the business world; which relies on grades in hiring college graduates. A number of universities are thinking about requiring seniors to pass a special comprehensive examination before graduating. In such ways U. S. universities are trying now to restore the integrity of grades and grading. (318字)
12 (untranslatability)
Running dry （1）
Everyone knows industry needs oil. Now people are worrying about water, too
“WATER is the oil of the 21st century,” declares Andrew Liveris, the chief executive of Dow, a chemical company. Like oil, water is a critical lubricant of the global economy. And as with oil, supplies of water—at least, the clean, easily accessible sort—are coming under enormous strain because of the growing global population and an emerging middle-class in Asia that hankers for the water-intensive life enjoyed by people in the West.
Oil prices have fallen from their recent peaks, but concerns about the availability of freshwater show no sign of abating. Goldman Sachs, an investment bank, estimates that global water consumption is doubling every 20 years, which it calls an “unsustainable” rate of growth. Water, unlike oil, has no substitute. Climate change is altering the patterns of freshwater availability in complex ways that can lead to more frequent and severe droughts.
Untrammelled industrialisation, particularly in poor countries, is contaminating rivers and aquifers. America’s generous subsidies for bio-fuel have increased the harvest of
water-intensive crops that are now used for energy as well as food. And heavy subsidies for water in most parts of the world mean it is often grossly underpriced—and hence squandered.
All of this poses a problem, first and foremost, for human welfare. At the annual World Water Week conference in Stockholm this week, delegates focused on measures to extend access to clean water and sanitation to the world’s poor. But it also poses a problem for industry. “For businesses, water is not discretionary,” says Dominic Waughray of the World Economic Forum, a think-tank. “Without it, industry and the global economy falter.”
Water is an essential ingredient in many of the products that line supermarket shelves. JPMorgan, a bank, reckons that five big food and beverage giants—Nestlé, Unilever, Coca-Cola, Anheuser-Busch and Danone—consume almost 575 billion litres of water a year, enough to satisfy the daily water needs of every person on the planet. （332）
13 （translation ethic）
Running dry （2）
Although agriculture uses most water (see chart), many other products and services also depend on it. It takes around 13 cubic metres of freshwater to produce a single 200mm semiconductor wafer, for example. Chip-making is thought to account for 25% of water consumption in Silicon Valley. Energy production is also water-intensive: each year around 40% of the freshwater withdrawn from lakes and aquifers in America is used to cool power plants. And separating just one litre of oil from tar sands—a costly alternative fuel made viable by high oil prices—requires up to five litres of water.
Quality matters as much as quantity. According to the World Bank, around 90% of the rivers in China near urban areas are seriously polluted. The overall cost of water scarcity—from pollution and the depletion of groundwater—is estimated to be 147 billion yuan ($21.4 billion) a year, or almost 1% of China’s annual output. In 2007 poor water-quality cost China some $12 billion in lost industrial output alone.
Elsewhere, Taipei City in Taiwan no longer allows companies to tap its groundwater, because of shortages. Firms in drought-ridden Australia have lived under stringent water restrictions for years. Southern Company, an electricity utility based in Atlanta, temporarily shut down some of its power plants last summer because of a drought. Indeed, according to a survey by the Marsh Centre for Risk Insights, 40% of Fortune 1000 companies said the impact of a water shortage on their bu siness would be “severe” or “catastrophic”—but only 17% said they were prepared for such a crisis.
Not all companies are sitting still. Since 1995 Dow has reduced the amount of water it uses per tonne of output by over a third. Nestlé cut its water consumption by 29% between 1997 and 2006, even as it almost doubled the volume of food it produced. And at Coca-Cola bottling plants from Bogotá to Beijing, schools of fish swim in water tanks filled with treated wastewater, testament to the firm’s commitment to clean all its wastewater by 2010 (it is 84% of the way there). （346）
大学英语期末大作业(参考答案)
大学英语1考试卷 总分：100分 简答题 1、将下列句子翻译成汉语 1.We can do a lot of things onlinesuch assearching for information and communicating with friendsno matter how far.答案：我们可以在网上做很多事情，例如寻找信息及和朋友沟通，不管相距多远。 2.Some people seem tohave their own ability in learning language答案：有些人在学习语言方面似乎有自己的天赋. 3.It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them.答案：为了与这些人进行交流，向他们学习，学习这门语言是必要的 4.Our likes and dislikes, tastes and preferences that hide in our choices of such activities such as reading books, going to the cinema, camping, or certain cultural pursuits, are all related to social background and learning experiences.答案：我们的好恶、品位、喜好决定了我们是选择看书、看电影、露营或某种文化追求，这又同社会环境和学习经验有关。 5.Occasionally, for a formal party or dinner, an invitation requires an answer,either in writing or by telephone. 答案：偶尔,一个正式的聚会或晚宴, 被邀请人是需要做出明确答复的, 无论是通过书面或者电话. 选择性答案2：应邀出席正式宴会或晚餐，不管是用书面还是用电话，有时是要回复的。（意思差不多，哪个通顺写哪个吧） 6.They not only like playing or watching games, but also like talking about them, or even thinking about them. 答案：他们不仅喜欢玩游戏、看游戏，而且喜欢谈论和思考它们。 7.There are plenty out there that are good and plenty that are bad. 答案：那里有很多是好的，很多是坏的。 8.Yet putting off something we know we should do is a bad habit to get into. 答案：然而，拖延我们知道应该做的事就会染上一个坏习惯。 9.And don’t you feel stressed and worried when you have to hurry?
英语翻译作业
Americans are much more likely than citizens of other nations to believe that they live in a meritocracy, i.e. Government by people selected according to merit. But this self-image is a fantasy: America actually stands out as an advanced country in which it matters most who your parents were, the country in which those born on one of society’s lower rungs have the least chance of climbing to the top or even to the middle. And if you ask why America is more class-bound in practice than the rest of the Western world, a large part of the reason is that our government falls down on the job of creating equal opportunity. The failure starts early: in America, the holes in the social safety net mean that both low-income mothers and their children are all too likely to suffer from poor nutrition and receive inadequate health care. It continues once children reach school age, where they encounter a system in which the affluent send their kids to good, well-financed public schools or, if they choose, to private schools, while less-advantaged children get a far worse education. 美国人可能比任何其他国家的人都更相信他们生活在一个精英制度之下，人们推选的政府也是据其优势。然而，这个自我形象是一种幻想：作为先进国家，实际上美国的突出特点是出身至关重要，在这个国度里，来自社会底层的人几乎没有机会爬到社会中层，更不用说社会顶层。 如果你要问为什么实际上美国比其他西方国家都要阶级分明，主要原因就是我们的政府在创造公平机会方面的失败。 这种不公平很早以前就开始了：在美国，由于社会安全网存在漏洞，这就意味着低收入的母亲和他们的孩子完全有可能存在营养不良，得不到足够的医疗服务。孩子到了上学年龄这种情况也不会得到改观，他们所遇到的体制是富人可以送自己的孩子到资金充足的好的公立学校上学，如果愿意，还可以从送到私立学校上学，而穷人孩子接受的教育却非常差。
翻译期末作业
浅谈中国菜名的翻译 我国悠久的历史和广袤的国土孕育了中国独特的烹饪艺术和丰富的饮食文化。我们国家也以几千年的饮食文化文明于世。随着我国经济飞速发展，与国外交流日益增多，餐饮业也面临着走向世界的机遇和挑战。中国菜名是汉语语汇中承载中国文化最多的语汇之一, 不仅承载着几千年来的中国饮食文化, 还承载着大量的非饮食文化, 如神话、民俗、历史、文学、宗教信仰等等, 在菜名所传达的表层语义背后有着更为深厚复杂的多元文化元素。同时由于饮食与文化的密切联系，这些都大大增大了翻译的难度。 1.首先我们来看一下一些我们常见的错误翻译 长期以来，菜名的翻译没有统一的标准，加上译者水平有限和地域差异，并不了解菜式的内涵，致使很多菜名的翻译让人感到不知所云。比如口水鸡slobbering chicken、童子鸡chicken without sexual life、夫妻肺片the couple’s lung 等，这翻译让外国人看了都吓跑了，哪里还有食欲吃饭呢？再如东坡肉poet Dongpo’s braised pork，东坡肉是用蒸的方法做出来的，所以这里应该为Poet Dongpo’s steamed pork 而不是用braised；“鱼香肉丝”较常见的有两种译法，另外也有人译为shredded pork with garlic sauce，前者译法为直译，后者加了简单的解释，虽然看似简单易懂，很直观，但是译者没有弄清楚此菜的配料，川菜口味浓重，很多菜肴的配料都是少不了“川菜之魂”郫县豆瓣酱，鱼香肉丝正是用到此配料，是不用所谓的大蒜酱，所以后者翻译存在误的地方；水煮鱼，也是川菜中的代表作，又麻又辣，有译者翻译为tender stewed fish，这个译法不够全面，应该在后面加上in chili sauce；夫妻肺片译为pork lungs in chili sauce，这个译法的译者应该不明白此菜的来历和主料，夫妻肺片根本不是用猪肺做成的，而且和肺一点都不沾边，此菜的主料都是用牛内脏，所以这个译发讲不通。对于以上的翻译错误我们不能只是一笑而过，我们应该感受到菜名翻译的难度，从而思考怎样才能更好的翻译来达到最佳的效果。
英语作业翻译
西班牙公司在全球范围内取得的惊人成功证明旧式联网的价值。 —Mauro F. Guillén ,Esteban García-Canal 不计其数的来自新兴经济体的公司对于打入国际市场还十分犹豫，尤其是那些来自发展中国家的公司。因为他们认为自己的缺陷是无法弥补的。还有一些公司和传统的跨国公司一样小心，以盈利为中心。他们痛苦的认识到自己没有前沿的技术，占优势的品牌以及新颖的产品，而建立这些优势的过程将是漫长而又令人畏惧的，即便是对于拥有所必需资金的公司也是如此。所以他们只停留在国内。虽然可以盈利但是不能充分发挥自身的潜力。而且也难以与来自国外的竞争相抗衡。是的，这些公司只站在全球竞争的边缘是没有道理的。我们的研究表明即使一个公司没有先进的技术和品牌资产，它同样能运用其他技能在海外市场获得成功，比如说人际技能和操作技能，这些在国内已经磨砺多年的技能。我们来看一看一些西班牙的跨国公司就知道了。虽然西班牙经济在全球大萧条时期处于困境，他的国内生产总值和失业率飙升到大约20﹪。 怎样才能用旧式的技艺来占领新的市场 全球最大的新娘装制造商。普洛诺维斯（Pronovias）是西班牙两千多个跨国公司之一，它每年卖出480,000套衣服并在75个国家拥有分公司。即便没有技术和品牌优势，这个国家的大约2000个跨国公司中的许多公司在国外蓬勃发展。通过观察西班牙公司在过去25年的全球扩张，我们发现领导者通过兼并来扩大范围，但是只集中发展几个产业和地区。然后他们运用在其国内成长起来的政治联网技能，项目实施知识以及纵向整合技能---这些在其他新兴市场中的公司同样拥有的技能---来强化地位。在这个过程中西班牙公司能绕过跨国公司一直崇尚的缓慢，逐步增长的传统扩张战略。正如我们所要看到的，速度是一些西班牙公司在国际上取得成功的关键因素。这一点是别的公司走入全球市场需要牢牢记住的。 昔日的起步者成为全球巨头 在1986年以前，西班牙在海外并没有大量的投资。西班牙融入欧洲经济共同体后开始打破了其与欧洲其他国家贸易与竞争的壁垒。在此时，西班牙公司开始在电力，水力，石油，天然气，交通，通信及银行业进行大规模的跨国兼并。西班牙在20世纪90年代末期采用了欧元，这使得西班牙公司更容易获得在世界其他地区进行风险投资的资本。从而极大地促进了兼并的步伐。一些现在著名的西班牙跨国公司就是全球化第一次爆发的分流。2009年，就收入而言，Telefónica是全球第五大电信供应商，桑塔德银行(santander)是全球第四大银行。四家西班牙公司（ACS, FCC, Ferrovial, Abertis）在全球最大的交通基础设施开发商和管理商中跃居榜首。伊维尔德罗拉（Iberdrola）是最大的风能生产商，能源北美公司（acciona）是最大的风力田开发商，Sol Meliá是最大的度假酒店连锁商。更深一步的观察，你会发现西班牙公司在食品加工和服装工业居于领先地位。Viscofan是向肉类加工业提供人工肠衣最大生产商，Freixenet是20多年来全球最大的汽酒生产商。在纺织和服装行业，西班牙是牛仔裤引领者Tavex和全球最大的婚纱设计商制造商Pronovias的故乡。虽然西班牙在资金密集型产业如：化工，金属材料，电子，汽车等行业还没有全球争夺者，但少数几个西班牙公司在与这些行业相关联的利基市场是极其强大的竞争者。比如说汽车零部件生产商Grupo Antolin，无锈钢生产商Acerinox，风力涡轮机生产商Gamesa。随着它们走向全球化，西班牙公司不愿开昂贵而有风险的独资公司，取而代之，他们更青睐结盟，合资企业和兼并。例如，Banco Santander通过兼并在拉丁美洲建立起最大的零售银行，然后收购了英国修道院银行和其他一些欧美大的机构。在欧洲、亚洲和美洲的兼并使得Grupo SOS成为全球最大的橄榄油公司。Ebro Puleva也是通过兼并成为全球最大的稻米生产商和第二大的面条生产者。西班牙公司也倾向于在地理上集中它们在国外的扩张。大约90℅的西班牙外向直接投资集中在拉丁美洲和欧洲。这种目标指向性的扩长方式使得公司能够在全球延伸的欲望和不断更新技能的需要方面找到平衡。这是新兴经济体竞争者现在要面临的双重挑战。在拉美西班牙公司有着天然的优势，比如文化的类似性，语言的共同性，相互联系性，以及邻近的其他欧洲市场给予的销售增长和开发新潜能的机遇。在这里建立滩头堡之后，西班牙公司就有选择性的投资别的发达国家，如美国，来提升他们的技术和市场机能。贯穿其扩张的每一阶段，西班牙公司都采用老式的，历史悠久的技艺。 用政治专长来赌增长
英语翻译作业
AC500kV Substation Design In China Transmission and Substation Department,CPECC Abstract:Some brief informations about AC500kV substations in China,historical data of their design and essential design principles are presented in this paper.Some technical and engineering problems of AC500kV substation design and construction are discussed.It is emphasized to introduce the500kV substation scales,main electrical connections,selection of equipment and apparatus,insulation coordination,distribution switchyard,control and protection etc.Here we also discuss the policy of project cost control at present time and a prospective view of China AC substations in future. 1.Introduction The research and design of500kV substations in China were started in1977,and the first substation was put into operation in1981.From that time,because of the rapid development of electricity demand in China,design and construction of500kV substations have a great development.Especially in recent years,due to the increase of capital investment for power system construction from the State Government,500kV power system has developed even faster.Till1998about55substations(500kV)were already put into operation,in which217transformers were installed,and the total capacity reached60410 MVA.At present,there are30substations(total capacity26500MVA)under construction.In addition,it has been planned to construction/extends30substations(33transformers,24750 MVA)in accordance with the power delivery from Three Gorges Power Plant. A complete design system of AC500kV substation in China has been gradually established based on the past design and construction experiences and the use of new technologies.This system includes design procedures,design standards,rules and regulations, design management and so on. The essential design principles are safe and reliable,technically advanced,economical and reasonable,and good quality. 2.Size of Substations China is a developing country with broad territory.The economic development is very different from one region to another.In accordance with this fact,the500kV substation size is different at different time and for different region.
翻译作业
１． 私か田舎から北京へ来て、またたく間に6年になる。その間、耳に聞き目に見た国家の大事になるものは数えてみれば相当あった。 ２． 動物はそれなりにその生活条件に適応している。その中でも自然条件が動物に与える影響は大きいものである。ところが人類は、生まれっいて文化環境の中に暮らす。すなわち自然環境と接する場合にも、その間に文化というものが媒介するのである。文化は言語によって仲間に、又時代に伝えられる。人類は其れによって気まぐれな自然の脅威から巧みに身を守ってきた。人類から文化を取り除いてしまえば、これほど無カで臆病な動物が あるだろうか。 ３． 地図を調べてみても、人間が歩いていけそうな距離には村なんてない。其れなのに、人が歩いている。荷物らしい荷物も持たずに、頭に何かを載せただけで、ただただ歩いている。 ４． 私は彼女と長年苦しく愛し合っていたが、この愛は彼女を傷つけた。その分、私自身も傷つけられた。 ５ ジェトロ青島事務所の開設を記念いたしまして、講演会のご案内をいたしましたところ、かくも多、くの皆様に御参集いただき、厚くお礼を申し上げます。各界を代表するご高名の方がお見えでございます。いちいちお名前を申し上げませんが。心 よりお礼を申し上げます。ありがとうございました 为了纪念ジュトロ青島事務所得开设，借演讲介绍来感谢大家在百忙之中， 来出席这次演讲。这次演讲的加宾有各界的知名人士，在这就不一一列举了，真得很感谢你们的捧场。 ６． 視聴率さえとっていれば、どんな「やらせ」をやろうとも、メデ??の責任を考えれば、モラルに反すると思うことをやっでも、大手を振ることができる世界で、それを見習ってい<人間と、そんなことはしたくないと気力が萎えてしまう人間が生まれ、富み栄えるのは前者ということになる。 ７ そればかりではない。考えてみれば、要資格職業での学科試験中心の運営は、（こうした諸試験の合格率の高い大学を求めた偏差値中心の受験体制を促進強化する)ことにもつながっている
翻译1期末样题
09级《商英翻译1》期末测试样题 一、翻译下列词汇、短语(30%) 1.款式多样 2.式样美观 3.使用方便 4.服务周到 5.做工讲究 6.保质保量 7.久负盛名 8.联想[商标] 9.UTStarcom [商标] 10.青岛啤酒股份有限公司[商号] 11.The Royal Bank of Scotland [商号] 12.中外合资企业 13.私营企业 14.plastics factory 15.convenient in use 16.selling well all over the world 17.净含量[商品说明书] 18.董事会 19.人力资源部 20.财务总监 二、翻译下列句子(30%) 1.本产品在国内外享有很高声誉。 2.公司现有总资产5千万元，拥有3个子公司。 3.本产品能满足目前所有的需求。 4.热忱欢迎国内外各界朋友到杏花村作客，衷心希望社会各界仁人志士在我们今后的工
作中给予我们大力支持。 5.欢迎您乘坐中国民航的班机。 6.我们对此不幸事件表示遗憾。 7. We sincerely regret that it has caused you so much trouble. 8. We hope this matter will not affect our good relations in our future dealings. 9.我们给你方造成了的麻烦，请接收我方的道歉。 10. We are sure you will be delighted to see the machines and that they will find already market in your country. 三、将下列公司简介译成英语。(20%) 公司简介 上海天赋广告有限公司成立于1995年，地处上海市浦东新区的中心。公司专业从事商业广告的设计和策划。公司自成立以来在广告业界一直享有良好的声誉。本公司热忱欢迎社会各界朋友前来洽谈业务。我们将始终以卓越的品质、一流的服务和实惠的价格，答谢广大客户朋友的支持与厚爱！ 四、将下面的使用说明书译成汉语。(20%) Sea Gull Synthetic Soap Powder Directions for Use 1.To wash two articles of summer wear or light clothing for adults, dissolve two tablespoonfuls of the powder in half a basin of cold or lukewarm water (about 0.03% concentration.) 2.In washing silk, woolen, rayon, rayon mixture of other clothing with unstable colors, care should be taken not to use hot water. Cold or lukewarm is preferable. 3.Wash white articles of clothing before colored ones or those with unstable colors.
英语翻译作业
近年来基于2010中国国家血压参考文献的中国儿童和青少年高血压患病率研究 儿童高血压是一种严重的公共卫生问题在世界范围内,尤其是在中国。流行病学研究表明,儿童高血压可以追踪到成年。此外,儿童高血压与成年发病率和死亡率的增加是密切相关的。2010年以前,在中国没有共识定义儿童高血压,这阻碍了中国不同的地区高血压患病率的比较。2010年,Mi 等人通过研究112227名3-18岁儿童和青少年的血压，获得了血压(BP)参考年龄和性别使用的参考文献。根据这个国家的定义,童年高血压定义为收缩压(SBP)和/或舒张压(菲律宾) 年龄和性别的百分比95以上。在本研究中,我们目的是执行使用系统回顾描述2010年中国的不同地区儿童和青少年高血压的患病率的应用。 PubMed和Wanfang数据库寻找合格的文献。搜索条件是(“高血压”或“高血压”)和(“孩子”或“青少年”或“学生”)和(“中国”或“中国人”)。从2010年1月(2010年后出版的, Mi 等人研究的中国国家血压引用文献.[5]),到2014年4月出版的刊物，语言仅限于英语和汉语。入选标准是:(1) 3-18岁的中国儿童和青少年;(2)使用2010中国血压参考标准;(3)测量收缩压和舒张压值至少在同一情况下三次;(3)自2008年以来进行的调查;(4)如果出版包括在不同年份的调查,只包括最近的调查。文献检索后,共有11项研究，（参与者总数是444214)(1、2、6-14)都包含在本研究中。纳入研究的特点总结在表1。高血压患病率在中国不同的区域有显著的不同， (图1)。中国北方城市包括北京(18.2%)或山东高血压患病率(23.3%)高于南部城市包括上海、湖南长沙、和海南(从3.1%升至11.2%)和农村地区。高血压患病率的升高可能很大程度上归因于中国北方饮食盐摄入量。例如,在山东农村成年人的每日摄取食盐约13 g,高于世界卫生组织(少于5克/天)推荐的两倍。 此外,在中国北方高血压高发病率中，肥胖是另一个重要的危险因素。在山东,大约16%的男生和8%的女生肥胖[16],而在湖南省长沙市相应的数据分别是7%和3%。我们还发现，基于中国健康和营养调查的数据和中国全国学生体质与健康调查,整体的高血压患病率14%。我们的研究有两个优点，首先,所有研究包括之后研究都采用相同的标准，即中国国家高血压参考文献。第二,所有调查研究在相似的时期,即从2008年到2010年，因此,流行是最新的,具有可比性。然而,应该注意研究中几个限制。首先,所有高血压患病率的研究仅为同一情况,除了孟等人[6] 在三个不同的时期提供的变化患病率。因此, 我们现在报告中的发病会高估了中国儿童和青少年的高血压真正的发病率。孟等人[6]表明, 在中国北京，3-18岁儿童和青少年高血压的患病率分别是三次分别是18.2%,5.1%,和3.1%。第二, 虽然我们列举了中国几个有限地区对肥胖患病率和消费的盐摄入量，但是中国不同地区高血压发病率不同，我们没有数据表明流行的原因是什么。第三,我们只研究几个儿童高血压高发地区, 需要进一步全面研究中国其他地区高血压患病率。第四,我们只报道汉族中国儿童高血压的患病率，而他少数民族没有类似报告。中国是一个多民族的国家有56个民族,但汉族占中国人口总数的92%左右。目前的研究表明,调查儿童和青少年高血压患病率和区域分布是很重要的，应该建立特定的干预策略来对抗高血压流行。主要措施应该建议控制体重,减少盐的摄入量,特别是在中国北方,以降低中国不同地区儿童高血压患病率。
翻译理论与技巧个性课程大作业提交终版
武汉理工大学《翻译理论与技巧》个性课程大作业 武汉理工大学 《翻译理论与技巧》 个性课程大作业 学生姓名：杨宁 学号：0121306250223 专业班级：建筑学1302 所在学院：土建学院 任课教师：吴汉金、黎慧
武汉理工大学《翻译理论与技巧》个性课程大作业 英汉、汉英翻译评阅表 教师签名：
武汉理工大学《翻译理论与技巧》个性课程大作业 英汉翻译原文：Family Portrait My mother, who is seventy years old, recently sent me a photograph of herself that I had never seen before. While cleaning out the attic of her Florida home, she came across a studio portrait she had taken about a year before she married my father. This picture of my mother is about a twenty-year-old girl and the story behind it has fascinated me from the moment I began to consider it. The young in the picture has a face that resembles my own in many ways. Her face is a bit more oval than mine, but the softly waving brown hair around it is identical. The small, straight nose is the same model I was born with. My mother’s mouth is closed, yet there is just the slightest hint of a smile on her full lips. I know that if she had smiled, she would have shown the same wide grin and down-curving “smile lines” that appear in my own snapshots. The most haunting feature in the photo, however, is my mother’s eyes. They are an exact duplicate of my own large, dark-brown ones. Her brows are plucked into thin lines, which are like two pencil strokes added to highlight those fine, luminous eyes. I’ve also carefully studied the clothing and jewelry in the photograph. Although the photo was taken fifty years ago, my mother is wearing a blouse and skirt that could easily be worn today. The blouse is made of heavy eggshell-colored satin and reflects the light in its folds and hollows. It has a turned-down cowl collar and smocking on the shoulders and bellow the collar. The smocking (tiny rows of gathered material) looks hand-done. The skirt, whic h covers my mother’s calves, is straight and made of light wool or flannel. My mother is wearing silver drop earrings. They are about two inches long and roughly shield-shaped. On her left wrist is a matching bracelet. My mother can’t find this bracelet no w, despite the fact that we spent hours searching through the attic for it. On the third finger of her left hand is a ring with a large, square-cut stone. ……… 英汉翻译译文： 我七十岁的母亲,最近给我看了一张我从没见过的她的照片。在清理她的佛罗里达州的家中的阁楼里,她看到了一张她嫁给我父亲前一年拍的一张工作肖像。这张照片我的母亲是一个20岁的女孩，这背后的故事从我开始思考就深深吸引了我。 照片中的年轻的脸跟我很像。她的脸比我的更圆,但周围轻轻挥舞着棕色的头发是相同的。小,直的鼻子跟我是一个模子刻出来的。我妈妈的嘴关闭,然而有一丝的微笑挂在她丰满的唇边。我知道,如果她笑了,她会露出和我在快照中一样的笑颜。然而照片中最令人难忘的地方是我妈妈的眼睛。这对棕色的大眼睛简直是我眼睛的精确放大版。她的眉毛被修成了细线,这就像添加上两条铅笔线条来突出那对美好的,发光的眼睛。我也仔细研究了服装和饰品的照片。虽然照片拍摄50年前,我母亲穿着一件放在现在也很容易磨损的上衣和裙子,这件衬衣是由厚缎面和它反映了光的凸凹。它有一个宽松和衣褶肩膀和风箱的衣领。衣褶(小行收集材料)看起来处理现成，涵盖了我妈妈的小腿,裙子是直的,浅色的羊毛或法兰绒。我妈妈戴着银色耳环。它们大约两英寸长。她的左手手腕上戴着一个匹配的手镯。尽管我们花了几个小时在阁楼上找，也没能找到这个手镯。左手无名指上戴着一个大的，垂直切割的石头戒指。
计算机辅助翻译作业
计算机辅助翻译作业 计算机辅助翻译期末考试试卷 1.什么是计算机辅助翻译？计算机辅助翻译能给译员带来什么便 利，有何局限？ 计算机辅助翻译(CAT,类似于CAD(计算机辅助设计)，实际起了辅助翻译的作用，简称CAT(Computer Assisted Translation) 。它能够帮助翻译者优质、高效、轻松地完成翻译工作。它不同于以往的机器翻译软件,不依赖于计算机的自动翻译,而是在人的参与下完成整个翻译过程,与人工翻译相比,质量相同或更好, 翻译效率可提高一倍以上。使得繁重的手工翻译流程自动化，并大幅度提高了翻译效率和翻译质量。CAT的定位：机器翻译软件设计的目的是让机器代替人进行翻译, 主要是针对外语基础比较差的用户, 帮助他们解决基本的语言障碍问题。而机助翻译软件(CAT)则是针对外语水平比较高的用户群, 强调的是辅助翻译的作用,而不是替代人的翻译工作。
计算机辅助翻译是一个新兴研究领域，和其他成熟领域相比，计算机辅助翻译的研究比较晚。不成熟的标志之一就是对这一类研究的称呼不统一，常见其他说法就有“翻译技术”、“计算机技术在翻译中的应用” 、“语言技术”和“本地化技术”等。名称较为接近，所指内容也基本相同，但如果仔细推敲还是能发现各称呼的细微差异。为便于描述，根据文献调查和笔者的实际经验，对于上述5 个名称，可做如下区分：计算机辅助翻译：这个称呼的含义最广，可以用来泛指所有用来辅助翻译 的技术。根据学者Amparo [2008] 的研究，计算机辅助翻译是研究如何设计或应用“方法、工具和资源”以便帮助译员更好的完成翻译工作，同时也能有助于研究和教学活动的进行。 计算机辅助翻译在学界多指计算机辅助翻译技术，研究者有袁亦宁（2005）徐彬（2010）王华树（2012）等。他们认为计算机辅助翻译技术有广义与狭义之分，广义的CAT 技术指“对各种计算机操作系统和应用软件的整合应用”，如“文字处理软件、文本格式转换软件、电子辞典、在线辞典和包括计算机、扫描仪、传真机等在内的硬件设备等” ，而狭义的则指“专门为提高翻译效率、优化翻译流程而开发的专用软件和专门技术”。计算机辅助翻译研究的重点是狭义的翻译技术。优势： 1、翻译经验的无限活用以及重复劳动的省去。由于专业翻译领域所涉及的翻译资料数量巨大，而范围相对狭窄，集中于某个或某几个专业，如政治、经济、军事、航天、计算机、医学、通讯
英语作业翻译
1. Excuse me. Where's the nearest police station? 打扰一下/劳驾，离这儿最近的派出所在哪里？ 2.Can you answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me？我有个问题弄不懂，想请教你，你能回答吗？ 3. Crops grow well in the south.庄稼在南方生长得很好。 4. I was having a nap when suddenly the telephone rang. 我在睡觉时，电话铃突然响了。 5. Don’t you see it was just for fun ? Y ou got it all wrong. 你没看出那不过是开开玩笑吗？你完全误解了。 6. If you don’t mind, please pass me the salt. 如果方便的话，请把盐递给我。 7. If you decided to learn a new language, you would have to dedicate yourself wholeheartedly to the cause.如果你决定学一门新的语言，你必须全身心地投入。 8. In an age of plenty, we feel spiritual hunger. 在这个物质财富充裕的时代，我们感到精神上的饥渴。 9. The more passions we have, the more happiness we are likely to experience. 我们的激情越多，我们有可能体验的快乐就越多。 10. Tom’s father has taught English here since he graduated from Peking University. 汤姆的父亲从北京大学毕业后就一直在这里教英语。 1). Did you get that E-mail from me? 你收到我发的那封电子邮件了吗? 2). I can't go with you today because I'm too busy. 我今天不能和你一块儿去，因为我太忙了。 3). Please give this book to whoever comes first. 请把这本书给最先来的人。 4). Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get to the cinema? 请问去电影院怎么走？。 5). I'm going to visit a friend of mine this Sunday. 本周日我要去拜访一位朋友。 6). Stay here before I get back.在我回来之前别离开。 7). The shop is open till ten at night every day. 商店每天营业到晚上十点。 8). Would you please help me with this heavy box? 你能帮我抬一下这个很沉的箱子吗？ 9). It is certain that we shall produce this kind of engine. 我们将生产这种发动机，这是肯定无疑的。 10). But competitive swimming is just over one hundred years old. 但游泳比赛不过只有一百余年的历史。 1. People all over the world are trying to help the people in Sichuan. 全世界人民都在尽力帮助四川人民。 2. When she got home that evening, she showed her husband the beautiful hat she had bought.那天傍晚她回家后，给丈夫看她买的那顶漂亮的帽子。 3. I have no idea what to say.我不知道说什么好。 4. Were there any phone calls for me while I was out?我不在时，有人打电话给我吗？ 5. Young persons under twenty-five make up nearly half of the American population. 25岁以下的年轻人几乎占了美国人口的一半。 6. Air pollution is more serious than water pollution. 空气污染比水污染更严重。 7. The teacher came earlier than expected.老师来得比预期的早。 8. Would you mind waiting outside?请你在外面等，好吗？ 9. Various substances differ widely in their magnetic (磁性的) characteristics.各种材料的磁性有很大的不同。 10. A lot of natural resources in the mountain area will be exploited and used.那个山区有许多自然资源有待于开发利用。 1) The little boy wanted to exchange his toy car for my cake. 这个小男孩想用他的玩具车来交换我的蛋糕。 2) One can never succeed without enough confidence in himself. 一个人如果没有足够的自信心就不可能成功。 3) You must always remember not to cheat in exams. 你们必须记住永远都不要在考试时作弊。 4) The most common samples of inorganic materials are the gases of the atmosphere, water, rocks, etc. 大气中的气体、水、岩石都是无机物中最普通的实例。 5) Not all Americans are interested in sports, of course. 当然，并非所有美国人都对运动感兴趣。 6) I think the picture shows us how fruit is necessary to life. 我认为这幅照片告诉我们水果对于生活是多么必要。 7) My problem is that I don't have much time to do the work. 我的问题在于我没有多少时间干这工作。 8) In Foreign Languages Department,a checking machine is used to correct the students' test papers.外语教研部用阅卷机给学生批卷。 9) Transistors are small in size and light in weight.。 晶体管的体积小，重量轻。 10) As is known to all, China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。 1)．He had a traffic accident last week.上个星期他出了一起交通事故。 2)．He is always very active in student activities. 他在学生活动中一直非常积极。 3)．I've got accustomed to the weather in Shanghai. 我已经适应了上海的这种天气。 4)．We should adapt ourselves to the new surroundings. 我们应当使自己适应新的环境。 5)．I am writing this letter to complain about the service in your hotel. 我写这封信的目的是要投诉你们旅馆的服务。 6)．She could not follow me when I spoke to her. 当我跟她讲话的时候，她根本听不懂我的话。 7)．Playing the sport you like is considered an essential part of a person's life.进行一项自己喜欢的运动是一个人生活中重要的一部分。8)．Traveling by train is slower than by plane, but it has its advantages. 乘火车旅行比乘飞机旅行慢，但有它的优势。 9)．The polluted air becomes poisonous and dangerous to health. 污染的空气变得有毒，对人的健康有害。