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2017年上师大附中高三英语课堂练习(开学考)

2017年上师大附中高三英语课堂练习(开学考)
2017年上师大附中高三英语课堂练习(开学考)

上师大附中

2017学年高三英语课堂练习

II. Grammar and vocabulary

Section A

You know that business of business is making money. What you may not realize is: __21__ simple that business is. You need two fundamental ingredients -- a good product that customers want to own, and bright, charismatic people who will __22__ sell it and, if necessary, defend it. And of the two __23__ (desire) product and competent people -- good people are, in the long run, more important than good products.

You can‘t expect to produce one popular product after another. You can, however, cover your bets by staffing your enterprise with superb employees who will continue to reflect the company‘s strengths __24__ ______ the products are weak. It is your responsibility to keep those employees __25__ (perform) as well as they can. They won‘t remain superb __26__ reliable leadership and, in fact, there is a perfect time to address this issue. Most successful companies have a defining moment ____27______profits are skyrocketing, and business __28__ not be better. That is precisely the time to look closely at your customer service. That you are earning more money than ever before __29__ (indicate) your product is terrific, but it doesn‘t necessarily mean the same about your customer service. It is the ideal time to examine your reputation and expand the success you are earning from your product to include customer service.

Every business wants to be known for its customer service. Although even a slow but steady giant such as Radio Shack Corporation will often come up with a hot product, it is its customer service __30__ keeps it in business year after year.

Section B

Throughout history, people have fought bitter wars over political ideology, national sovereignty and religious expression. How much more __31__ will these conflicts be when people fight over the Earth‘s most indispensable resource water? We may find out in the not-too-distant future if projections about the __32__ of water in the Middle East and other regions prove correct.

Less than three percent of the planet‘s __33__ is fresh water, and almost two-thirds of this amount is __34__ in ice caps, glaciers, and underground aquifers too deep or too remote to access. In her book, Pillars of Sand-Can the Irrigation Miracle Last, Sandra Postel outlines three forces that __35__ tension and conflict over freshwater. Using up the water ―resource pie‖. In India, the world‘s second-most populous nation, with over 1 billion inhabitants, the rate of groundwater __36__ is twice that of recharge, a deficit higher than in any other country. Although water is a renewable resource, it is not a(n) __37__ one. The freshwater available today for more than 6 billion people is no greater than it was 2,000 years ago, when global population was approximately 200 million. (The current U.S. population is 287 million.) Global __38__ accounts for about 70% of all freshwater use. In five of the world‘s most water-stressed, controversial areas the Aral Sea region, the Ganges, the Jordan, the Nileland and

Tigris-Euphrates population increases of up to 75% are projected by 2025. With the fastest rate of growth in the world, the population of Palestinian territory will more than __39__ over the next generation. Most experts agree that, because of geography, population __40__ and politics, water wars are most likely to break out in the Middle East, a region where the amount of available freshwater per capita will decrease by about 50% over the next generation.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

In an ideal world, people would not perform experiments on animals. For the people, they are expensive. For the animals, they are stressful and often painful. That ideal world, __41__, is still some way away. People need new drugs and vaccines. They want __42__ from the toxicity(毒性)of chemicals. The search for basic scientific answers goes on. __43__, the European Commission is moving ahead with proposals that will __44__ the number of animal experiments carried out in the European Union, by requiring toxicity tests on every chemical __45__ for use within the union‘s borders in the past 25 years.

Already, the commission has __46__ 140,000 chemicals that have not yet been tested. It wants 30,000 of these to be examined right away, and plans to spend between $4 billion — $8 billion doing so. The number of animals used for toxicity testing in Europe will thus, experts reckon, quintuple (翻五倍) from just over l million a year to about 5, unless they are saved by some dramatic __47__ in non-animal testing technology. Animal experimentation will therefore be around for some time yet. But the search for substitutes continues.

A good place to start finding __48__ for toxicity tests is the liver--the organ responsible for breaking toxic chemicals down into safer molecules that can then be eliminated from body. Two firms, one large and one small, told the meeting how they were using human liver cells removed incidentally during surgery to test various substances for long-term toxic effects.

PrimeCyte, the small firm, grows its cells in cultures(士音养基)over a few weeks and doses them regularly with the substance under __49__. The characteristics of the cells are carefully __50__, to look for changes in their microanatomy(组织学). Pfizer, the big firm, also doses its cultures regularly, but rather than studying __51__ cells in detail, it counts cell numbers. If the number of cells in a culture changes after a sample is added, that suggests the chemical __52__ is bad for the liver.

Other tissues, too, can be tested __53__ of animals. Epithelix, a small firm in Geneva, has developed an __54__ version of the lining of the lungs. According to Huang Song, one of Epithelix‘s researchers, the firm‘s cultured cells have similar microanatomy to those found in natural lung linings, and __55__ in the same way to various chemical messengers. Dr. Huang says that they could be used in long-term toxicity tests of airborne chemicals and could also help identify treatments for lung diseases.

All this suggests that though there is still some way to go before drugs, vaccines and other substances can be tested routinely on cells rather than live animals, useful progress is being made.

41. A. fortunately B. sadly C. ironically D. technically

42. A. protection B. identification C. isolation D. interaction

43. A. However B. Indeed C. Instead D. Furthermore

44. A. increase B. decrease C. prohibit D. specify

45. A. tested B. created C. assessed D. approved

46. A. outlined B. imposed C. identified D. released

47. A. diagnoses B. advances C. proofs D. appearances

48. A. alternatives B. breakthroughs C. possibilities D. implications

49. A. suspicion B. control C. way D. investigation

50. A. monitored B. studied C. analyzed D. classified

51. A. relevant B. numerous C. individual D. measurable

52. A. in question B. in principle C. in practice D. in reality

53. A. successfully B. independently C. oecassionally D. collectively

54. A. useful B. constant C. mature D. artificial

55. A. operate B. function C. respond D. enhance

Section B

(A)

Personality may play only a small part in leadership effectiveness but there is no doubt that some leaders have a certain magic that leaves peers envious and followers entranced. If you could bottle this leadership X-factor – charisma- the queue of interested executives would be a long-one. But what qualities can these often highly successful leaders be said to possess?

As individuals, charismatic leaders have highly developed communication skills, including the ability to convey emotions easily and naturally to others, says Ronald Riggio, professor of leadership and organizational psychology. ―They are able to inspire and arouse the emotions of followers through their emotional expressiveness and verbal skills.‖

―They, connect with followers because they seem to truly understand others‘ feelings and concerns.‖―And they are great role models because they have the ability to engage others socially and display appropriate role-playing skills th at allow them to walk the talk,‖ Professor Riggio says.

―One quality we like in our leaders is if they are seen to really represent us. We think someone is more charismatic, the more they represent our collective identity,‖ Professor Van Knippenberg says.In this way, a charismatic leader is somehow a larger-than-life version of ourselves.

Academics say that charismatic lenders also manage to stand out from the crowd. They might do this by being unconventional or by thinking a different approach to problem-solving, for example.

―They are up for new things, and they are not stuck in the status quo. They are open-to out-of-the-box thinking, etc. An optimistic, energetic quality helps us to see leadership qualities in them and makes us open to their influenc e,‖ he says.

―A lot of charismatic leadership, and leadership in general, is very contextual. It‘s really entreprencurial firms. It‘s also good for turnarounds if the organization is in a bad state because it Kai Peters, the chief executive of Ashridge Bu siness School.‖

But not every organization needs a charismatic leader. Leaders loaded with the narcissistic(自恋的), self-glorifying, exploitative and authoritarian(专制的). As Peters says: ―Where it is a problem is where you have look at me, I‘m a star.‖

56. Which word is closest in meaning to charisma in the first paragraph?

A. charm

B. character

C. gratitude

D. optimism

57. The charismatic leaders become great role models due to their ________

A. proper role-playing skills

B. subtle emotional expressiveness

C. marvelous problem-solving ability

D. unconventionality in the crowds

58. According to Professor Knippenberg, what kind of leaders would be welcomed by us?

A. The one who has a heroical image.

B. The one who can speak for us.

C. The one who is a collective version of us.

D. The one who resembles us in characteristic.

59. What‘s Peters‘ attitude towards the contextual feature of charismatic leadership?

A. Critical

B. Approved

C. Neutral

D. Suspicious

56-59 AACC

(B)

4 Hotels That Will Make Your Life Easier

By John Brandon

For the business traveler who‘s all about efficiency: check out these hotels that will get you in and out with a minimum of trouble.

When you‘re pressed for time on a business trip, nothing can infuriate you more than a slow hotel check-in process. On your next trip, try these hotels that offer a speedier check-in process.

1. Yotel New York

The self-service kiosks at this high-tech New York hotel are open 24x7 and work just like the ones you‘d see at an airport.There are just five-steps to register and obtain your card key. There is even a robotic luggage bellboy. You tap in the number of bags you‘re carrying and sizes, then wait for a robot arm to swing down and store your luggage in a locker (say, for a day trip). This also speeds up the check-in process if the first thing you need to do, like me, is head to a series of meetings.

2. Marriott Detroit Airport

Another option for business travelers in a hurry: Marriott is rolling out its mobile check-in app to 325 hotels this year, including the Marriott Detroit Airport hotel. (I‘ve tested the app itself but not for a real visit quite yet.) Here is the basic idea: you download the iPhone or Android app. The night before, you can ―check-in‖ virtually. When you arriv e, you get an alert that the room is ready and your key, which is already tied to your reservation, is waiting for you at the desk.

3. Hyatt Regency Minneapolis

I happened to stay at this hotel recently and liked how fast the kiosk check-in works. Like the Yotel, the kiosk asks you to insert your credit card, similar to an airport terminal. The whole process took about three minutes, when I left, I was equally impressed with the fast check-out. An agent meets you in the lobby with, an iPad and asks for an email to use for a receipt. The big advantage: you never have to wait in line.

4. Radisson: LaCrosse

The Radisson is trying to make the kiosk process even faster. At a few select hotels like the Radisson Lacrosse in Wisconsin, you use a mobile app to register and then receive a barcode by email or text. When you get the kiosk, you scan the barcode to get your key witho ut any other steps required. It‘s super fast. You can find this new check-in system at the Radisson hotels in Salt Lake City, Seattle, and Phoenix as well.

60. What does the word ?infuriate‘, in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?

A. annoy

B. remind

C. amuse

D. impress

61. Which two hotels offer a mobile app for customers to check in?

A. Yotel New York and Marriott Detroit Airport

B. Marriott Detroit Airport and Radisson LaCrosse

C. Marriott Detroit Airport and Hyatt Regency Minneapolis

D. Hyatt Regency Minneapolis and Radisson LaCrosse

62. Which hotel will send you a receipt by email?

A. Yotel New York

B. Marriott Detroit Airport

C. Radisson LaCrosse

D. Hyatt Regency Minneapolis

(C)

Increasingly, over the past few decades, people especially young people, have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, especially processed food, is not good for the health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods. Foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers, widely used in farming today.

Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount—but not the quality of foods grown in commercial farming area.

Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures(牧场). Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are battery farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food, they also lay eggs which lack important vitamins. There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a non-essential food! Although a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food if it is necessary, we can in fact do without it. It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be addictive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is to provide us with energy, in the form, of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and no fiber.

It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example, the fiber has been removed. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantifies of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of wholemeal bread and more vegetables by m odem experts on ―healthy eating‖.

63. People have become more interested in natural foods because ________.

A. they are more health conscious

B. they want to taste all kinds of foods

C. natural foods are more delicious than processed foods

D. they want to return to nature

64. Soil that is rich in organic matter ________.

A. has had chemicals and fertilizer added to it

B. contains vegetable matter that has not been consumed

C. has been nourished by fertilizer

D. already, contains large quantities of vitamins and minerals

65. According to the passage, ________.

A. people need sugar to give them energy

B. sugar is bad for health

C. the addiction of eating sugar makes people depend on it

D. sugar only sweetens food, but provides us with nothing useful

66. The best title for this passage is ________.

A. People‘s Growing Interest in Natural Foods

B. Natural Foods and Health Diet

C. Harmful Effects of Sugar

D. The Importance of Fibre in Foods

This Way to Dreamland

Daydreaming means people think, about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what‘s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. __67__ They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.

But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. __68__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?

So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?

First, understand that some opportunities for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. __69__ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you‘re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.

It‘s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concerntrate. ―Mindfulness‖, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep. __70__ Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. Therefore, it‘s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you‘re in the daydream zone.

Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.

IV. Summary

Stress for a teenager is as real as stress for an adult. Therefore, it‘s important to understand the causes of stress in teenagers.

When parents change their jobs or if the family decides to move to a different place, the child has to change schools, find new friends, adapt to the new social circle and fit into new groups. It is always difficult for children to adapt to such changes, which can be a serious cause of stress in their life.

Academic difficulties, such as inability to understand a certain subject can cause stress. Not every child has the ability to understand every subject. Some kids need extra help besides school work to grasp a few concepts. Poor academic performance is often laughed at and is looked down upon by both teachers and peers. In such cases, it can make the child feel isolated, neglected and hurt. All of this, put together, can add to stress, which many times worsen grades.

Extra curricular (课外活动) such as playing a sport, or attending art classes can weigh heavily on your child‘s mind. Balancing school and extra curricular activities does seem like a burden when you have to be outstanding at both. When the pressures from both the ends get unmanageable, teenagers tend to get tired and annoyed. Tiredness sets in, leading to stress related issues such as lack of concentration in school.

These are the common causes of stress in teenagers, which can be noticed through signs such as poor memory, anxiety, negative and pessimistic attitude. If the signs of teenage stress go unrecognized for a long time, it can make the child emotionally out of balance. And next step, if this happens, it is necessary for parents to know how to deal with stress.

V. Translation

71. 各国科学家正加强合作,寻求节能的有效方法。(in search of)

72. 养狗的居民常被告诫要看管好他们的宠物,以防发生意外伤人情况。(in case)

73. 参加了军训我们才懂得一个道理:毅力、纪律、团队精神都是导致成功的关键因素。(Not…until)

74. 智能手机给我们带来如此多的益处,如强大的电子书库,便捷的上网等,以致如果没有手机很多人都会感到怅然若失。(so…that)

VI. Guided writing

某海外培训机构在沪举办为期6周、全英文授课的夏令营活动,课程安排如下。假如你是王荣(不可以用自己的真实姓名),请给该机构校长Rodney写一封申请信,报名参加夏令营活动。信的内容必须包括:(信的开头已给出)

●你选择的课程(一门或多门)及选课的目的

参考答案:

21. how 22. both 23. desired 24. when 25. performing 26. without 27.when 28. could 29. indicates 30. that

31-35 BHDFI 36-40 GJEAC

41-45 BABAD 46-50 CBADA 51-55 CABDC

56-59 AACC

60-62 A B D

63-66 A B D A

67-70 BCE A

71. Scientists from different countries are strengthening cooperation in search of effective ways to save energy.

72. Residents who raise dogs are often warned to take good care of their pets in case they should hurt people by accident.

73. Not until we took part in the military training , did we learn a lesson that perseverance, discipline and team spirits are all key factors leading to success.

74. Smart phones have brought so many benefits , like strong electronic library , convenient surfing and so on , that if we don‘t them, most of us will feel lost.

2018高考模拟湖南省长沙市第一中学2017届高三第三次月考语文试题Word版含答案

炎德?英才大联考长沙市一中2017届高三月考试卷(三) 命题人:欧鹏举成特立蓝黄审校:周玉龙黎奕娜本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(阅读题)和第Ⅱ卷(表达题)两部分,时量150分钟,满分150分 第Ⅰ卷(阅读题,共70分) 一、现代文阅读(9分,每小题3分) (一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题,共9分) 阅读下面的文字,完成1-3题。 近几年网络文艺异军突起,网络小说、网络自制剧、网络大电影、网络综艺、网络游戏、网络动漫的呈现巨大的市场生命力,正抢占传统文艺市场。。 然而,相对于发展了几十年甚至上百年的传统文艺,网络文艺还是一个新概念,无论是业界还是学界仍未给出一个权威的统一清晰的界定,更别提系统科学的研究了。有学者从广义上归纳网络文艺的内涵,认为网络文艺是指具有网络精神的文艺作品,因此只要具备一定互联网因素的文艺作品都可以称为网络文艺,其中包括在互联网上传播的传统文艺作品;也有学者把网络文艺狭义地理解为以数字化形式进行生产创作,并在互联网上进行传播的文学和艺术作品。对于网络文艺与传统文艺之间的关联更是仁者见仁,智者见智。一种说法认为,网络文艺是传统文艺在网络上的延伸,旨在强调传统文艺与网络文艺都为文艺,即文艺本质论;另一种说法认为,网络文艺是传统文艺的补充,旨在强调网络文艺能够传达传统文艺之外的内容,丰富文艺的表现方式;还有一种说法认为,网络文艺完全独立于传统文艺之外,旨在强调网络文艺是一种基于网络技术语言的多媒介因素相互渗透而形成的新型文艺,与传统文艺有着天然的鸿沟。这些观点尽管具有一定合理性,但仍有失偏颇。因为网络文艺和传统文艺之间既存在天然的有机联系,又具有本质区别。 网络文艺既不是传统文艺在网络上的延伸,也不仅仅是传统文艺的补充。网络文艺与传统文艺就像两个有交集的集合,既有藩篱也有突破,既交融又交汇。从本质看,网络文艺与传统文艺只是媒介载体不同而已,那些经历过无数前辈提炼和检验的传统文艺创作和传播的基本规律、审美价值和文艺理论依然适用于网络文艺。由于技术带来的文艺内在特征和审美方式的质变,网络文艺突破了传统文艺内容和形式的限制,拥有传统文艺无法比拟的优势,隐含符合新媒体时代要求的内在规律。但必须承认的是,网络文艺尚处于发展初级阶段,形态和特征并未完全展现,很难完全厘清与传统文艺之间的内在关联。因此,对两者关系的认知和把握应采取辩证的、长远的眼光和态度:一方面肯定两者的天然联系,但又不能将两者混为一谈;一方面承认两者的本质区别,但又不能将网络文艺视为独立的文艺类型;一方面

2016-2017年高三文科数学第三次月考试卷及答案

A . {1,4} B . {2, 3,4 } C . {2,3} D . {4} ⒉ 已知函数 f ( x ) = ??log x A . 9 B . C . 3 D . 1 3 A . B . 5 C . 6 D . 7 ⒎ 把函数 y = A s in(ωx + φ)(ω > 0,| φ |< ) 的图象向左平移 个单位得到 y = f (x ) 的图象 6 B . C . - D . ⒏ Direchlet 函数定义为: D(t ) = ? 0 t ∈ e Q ? ... ⒐ 函数 f (x)=lg x - cos ? x ? 的零点个数是( ) 池 州 一 中 2016-2017 学年度高三月考 数 学 试 卷 ( 文科 ) 第Ⅰ卷 (选择题 共 50 分) 一、选择题:本大题共 10 小题,每小题 5 分,共 50 分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,选出 符合题目要求的一项. ⒈ 已知 U = {2,3,4} ,集合 A = {x | ( x - 1)(x - 4) < 0, x ∈ Z } ,则 e A = ( ) U ? 3x 4 x > 0 x ≤ 0 ,则 f [ f ( 1 )] = ( ) 16 1 9 3 ⒊ 设 [ x ] 为表示不超过 x 的最大整数,则函数 y = lg[x] 的定义域为 ( ) A . (0, +∞) B . [1,+∞) C . (1,+∞) D . (1,2) ⒋ 设 a = 30.5 , b = log 2, c = cos 2π ,则( ) 3 A . c < b < a B . a < b < c C . c < a < b D . b < c < a ⒌ 已知函数 y = a x 2( a ≠ 0, n ∈ N * )的图象在 x = 1 处的切线斜率为 2a n n n -1 + 1( n ≥ 2, n ∈ N * ) , 且当 n = 1 时,其图象经过 (2,8 ) ,则 a = ( ) 7 1 2 ⒍ 命题“函数 y = f ( x )(x ∈ M ) 是奇函数”的否定是( ) A . ?x ∈ M , f (- x ) ≠ - f ( x ) B . ?x ∈ M , f (- x ) ≠ - f ( x ) C . ?x ∈ M , f (- x ) = - f ( x ) D . ?x ∈ M , f (- x ) = - f ( x ) π π 2 3 (如图),则 2 A - ω + ? = ( ) A . - π π π π 6 3 3 ?1 t ∈ Q R ,关于函数 D(t ) 的 性质叙述不正确的是( ) A . D(t ) 的值域为 {0,1} B . D(t ) 为偶函数 C . D(t ) 不是单调函数 D . D(t ) 不是周期函数 π ? ? 2 ?

北京市2017届高三英语综合练习55

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