Unit1 知识要点

Unit 1 How can we become good learners?

1. I study by working with a group. 我通过小组活动来学习。by作为介词，用法很多。请仔

细观察下面的例句，分析by的用法，然后补全结论部分所缺的内容。

1. Come and sit by us. by可表示位置，“在...旁边”，或“从…旁边(经过)”之意。

2. Peter goes to work by bus every day.by可表示交通、传递方式译为：“乘、骑”等。

3. Tony will come back by 10:00 pm. by可表示时间，“到(某时)之前; 不迟于”，

4. English is spoken by lots of people.by可用于构成被动语态，译为：“被, 由”

5. My brother studies history by working with a group.by可表示借助某种方式或手段，常构成“by+doing形式”。

【运用】根据提示，用含有by的短语完成各句。

1) Annie went to Beijing _______ (乘火车) yesterday.

2) His grandfather made a living _________ (靠卖水果) in the past.

3) The scientists have to arrive at the village _________ (八月以前).

4) Allen goes _______________ (经过邮局) on his way to school every morning.

5) The book was written ____________ (由几个工程师).

2. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?大声朗读来练习发音怎么样？

aloud, loud和loudly：

aloud 出声地; 大声地。常与read/ call等词连用, 不用于比较级。

loud 大声地; 喧闹地。指说话声和笑声，常与talk/ speak/ laugh/ sing等词连用, 可用比级。

loudly 高声地; 喧闹地。可以和loud互换，含有“吵闹”的意思, 不悦耳。

1. Don’t read in the library. 不要在图书馆大声朗读。

2. We can’t hear you. Please speak . 我们听不到你的声音, 请再大声点。

3. People are talking in the room .人们正在屋子里大声交流。

3. It’s too hard to understand spoken English. 该句句型为: It’s+adj.+ (for sb.)+to do sth.“(对

某人来说)做某事是…的”。试译：

1). 保持健康太重要了。

2). 学习两种语言对他来说很难。

too ... to do ... 结构常表示“太…而不能…”, too后面接形容词或副词, to后面接动词原形。如：1). 房间太脏了，不适合居住。

2). 他走的太慢了，没有按时到达。

将下面的句子翻译成英语。

1) 孩子们在那条河里游泳是危险的。

2) 晚饭后散步太有必要了。

3) 水太烫, 不能喝。

1. Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English? 【find用法归纳】：

find sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事find it + adj. + to do sth. 发现做某事很……

find it + adj. to do sth.中的it是形式宾语, adj.做宾补, to do sth.是真正的宾语。

同类的动词还有think, feel, consider等。

1) I found it __________(interest) to talk with my grandfather.

2) I found it hard for me ___________ (improve) spoken English.

2. But I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. 【afraid用法归纳】：

be afraid of sth./doing sth. 害怕做某事(担心出现某种不良后果)

be afraid to do sth. 害怕去做某事(“怕”或“不敢”去做某事) be afraid +that 恐怕……(礼貌地说出令人不快、失望或感到遗憾的事)

3. Then one day I watched an English movie called Toy Story.called=named 叫做，called Toy

Story在此做后置定语. 【call用法归纳】：

call sb (up).=telephone sb. =phone sb. =give sb. a call =ring sb. up 给某人打电话

call on sb. 拜访某人；call on sb to do sth号召...做...；call out 大声呼喊；

call at sp 拜访某地；call for 要求；需要

4.I discovered that listening to something you are interested in is the secret to language

learning. discover v. 发现; 发觉指偶然或经过努力发现原来客观存在但不为人所知的事

e.g. Columbus America in 1492. 哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。

5. I also learned useful sentences like “It’s a piece of cake”or “It serves you right.”

a piece of cake和serves sb. right是英语中的两个习惯用语, 也可称作习语idiom(s)。同汉语

中的成语类似, 习语是人们在长期的语言运用中约定俗成的一种固定表达方式, 其意思往

往不是字面所表达的含义。a piece of cake表示事情非常简单、易于解决, 相当于汉语的“小

菜一碟; 小事一桩”; serves sb. right则相当于汉语说某人“活该”。

6. But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked them up in a dictionary.

look up (在词典、参考书中)查阅; 抬头看【look用法归纳】：

look after 照顾look like 看起来像look out 当心, 小心往外看

look through 浏览;翻看look for 寻找look forward to (doing sth) 期待

look around 向四周看have/take a look (at) 看一看look over 检查

动名词: 它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。

基本形式: V-ing 作用: 动名词具有名词的性质，在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。

动名词的基本用法

1. 用作主语:所表动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。e.g. Playing with fire is dangerous.

注意：动名词做主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。

1) It is no use/ good / useless + doing…2) It is a waste of time + doing …

3) It is fun + doing …在以上结构中常用动名词作主语。

e.g. It’s no use crying over spilt milk. (覆水难收）It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。

2. 用作宾语

1)作动词的宾语,常见动词有：practice, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off,

depend on, think about, succeed in, worry about, be used to, get used to, look forward to, pay attention to, 等。

e.g. How do you practice speaking? I have to finish reading a book and give a report.

2) 作介词的宾语 1. I learn English by doing grammar exercises.

2. Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work?

3. He was late again because of getting up late.

4. Lock the doors and windows before going out.

5. What/How about the two of us playing games？

活学活用1. She can’t help ________(cry) after _________ (hear) the bad news.

2. Do you feel like _______(have) a break?

3) 既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有：remember, forget, regret, mean, try等，但表达的意义不同。

e.g. I remember seeing her at the hotel. 我记得在宾馆见过她。(动作发生了)

I will remember to see her at the hotel. 我记着要去宾馆见她。(动作尚未发生)

remember/forget/ regret to do 动作尚未发生; remember/forget/ regret doing动作已经发生

try to do 设法、努力去做，尽力; try doing 试试去做（看有何结果）

mean to do 打算做（主语一般是人; mean doing意味着（主语一般是物）

regret to do 对将要做的事抱歉; regret doing 对已经发生的事感到后悔

stop to do停下去做另外一件事; stop doing停止做手头的事情

３.作表语：动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。

e.g. Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaning the windows is your task.)

What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。(Being laughed at is what I hate most.)

4. 动名词的被动语态：being done.eg. (被表扬)made him so happy.

5. 动名词的否定形式是：not doing.eg. (没完成作业)will be blamed by the teacher.

6. 动名词的复合结构：动名词的逻辑主语＋动名词＝动名词的复合结构: one`s/sb doing sth. one`s/sb 称为

动名词的逻辑主语。

1). Would you mind （我开窗户吗）?

2). I can’t understand (Jack离开他的妻子)

3). I can’t understand (他离开他的妻子).

4). (Jack离开他的妻子)is unbelievable.

1. I can`t always understand spoken English. speak →spoke →spoken v. 部分动词的过去分词也可做该词的

形容词：spoken 口语的broken 坏掉的written 写作的

2. I don’t know how to increase my reading speed.

“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语【注意】what to do后不需要跟宾语how to do后必须跟宾语

【拓展】“疑问词+动词不定式”结构：

know，tell, wonder, ask, find out, learn + what,which,when,

where, how +

动词不定式（to do）

3. I often make mistakes in grammar.(1) make mistakes 犯错make mistakes in 在某方面犯错

(2) mistake…for…把…误认为… (3) by mistake错误地

4. Maybe you should join an English club. 【解析】join/join in/take part in

(1) join=be a member of 参加, 指加入某种织，并成为其中的一员。join the army / party 入伍/党

join the club 加入俱乐部◆ join in 后接活动名称◆join sb. 加入到某个人群之中

(2) take part in参加，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。

1. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits.

1) 此句中whether or not you can do it well是从句作整个句子的主语, 叫作“主语从句”。又如：

isn’t so important. What’s important is the experience you gained. 是否做对不那么重要，重要的是你收获的经验。

2) whether or not 相当于whether, 表示“是否”，常出现在宾语从句，主语从句中。也可把whether和or not

分开，or not放到句尾。例如: I can’t tell whether or not the teacher likes me. =

2. It is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time.若形容词表示事物特征的，如：easy, hard,

difficult, important等，须用介词for构成句型：It is .adj. for sb. to do sth.

若形容词表示人的性格、品质与特点，如：good, kind, nice, wrong等，用介词of构成句型：

It`s +adj.(kind, honest, friendly) + (of sb.) to do sth.

3. Good learners often connect what they need to learn with something interesting. connect v. 意为“连接；与…

有联系”常用结构是connect A to / with B，其中to多用来指动作而不指状态,with多指抽象意义的联系。

e.g.

1). Connect the speaker the record player, please.

2).After we parted, I often connected him on the Internet

4. Good learners think about what they are good at and what they need to practice more.

【think相关短语】think about 想起，考虑think back 回想think of 想到，认为think over 仔细考虑think out 仔细考虑，想出think up 想出think through 充分考虑

5. Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless you use it.

even though=even if 即使, 引导让步状语从句。【注】even though 引导让步状语从句时，不能与but 连用。

6.They even ask each other and try to find out the answers. (1) try on try it/them on 试穿

(2) try to do sth. 努力做某事，侧重尽力做(3) try doing sth. 试图做某事，侧重尝试做

(4) try one’s best to do sth.= do one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事

find out寻找，查明【拓展】find/look for/find out 找(1) find v. 找到，强调找到的结果 (2) look for 寻找，强调找东西的过程(3) find out 查明，找到，指经过调查，询问等弄清事实的真相。

7. Knowledge comes from questioning. question在句子中作动词，是“质疑；质问；提问”的意思。例如：

I just accepted what he told me. I never thought to (质疑)it.

当question用作动词，表示对某人或事物进行提问时，是一种十分正式的用法，有“提问；询问；审问”

的意思。例如：The police (审问)him for three hours before letting him go.

重点短语：by doing sth 通过做... read aloud朗读speaking skills口语技能

that way那样word groups 词组spoken English英语口语

finish doing sth完成做... give a report 做报告main idea 主旨大意

be patient with sb对...有耐心It takes time.慢慢来the secret to do sth 做...的秘密

be afraid to do sth不敢做... be afraid of doing sth害怕做... be afraid that... 恐怕

I`m afraid so.恐怕是这样吧！I`m afraid not恐怕不是吧！look up查阅

fall in love with 爱上body language 肢体语言key words 关键词

as well 也at first起初have a good understanding of sth 充分理解practice doing sth 练习做... take notes 做笔记keep a diary 写日记

reading speed 阅读速度make mistakes in犯...的错误be born with 天生具备

depend on sth依靠、指望have... in common mind有...共同之处create/have an interest in 建立...的兴趣pay attention to 注意、关注for a long time 很长时间connect... with/to sth 联系/连接

keep doing sth保持做... study skills 学习技能mind map思维图、脑图

explain...to... 向...解释... learning habit学习习惯the ability to do sth 做...的能力

call / ring sb. up 给某人打电话call on sb. 拜访某人call on sb to do sth号召...做...

call out 大声呼喊；call at sp 拜访某地call for 要求需要

look up 查阅; 抬头看look after 照顾look like 看起来像

look out 当心, 小心往外看look through 浏览;翻看look for 寻找

look forward to (doing sth) 期待look around 向四周看have/take a look (at) 看一看

look over 检查think about 想起，考虑think back 回想

think of 想到，认为think over 仔细考虑think out 仔细考虑，想出

think up 想出mistake…for…把…误认为…by mistake错误地

课文再现一：

Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English, because the teacher spoke too quickly. But she was afraid to ask questions. In English class, she just hid behind her textbook and never said anything. After she watched an English movie, she fell in love with English movies. She realized she could get the meaning by listening for just the key words. She also discovered listening to something you are interested in is the secret to language learning. She really loves English class now. She wants to learn new words and more grammar so that she can have a better understanding of English movies.

课文再现二：

Everyone is born with the ability to learn. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits. Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time. So it is a good idea to connect something you need to learn with something

you are interested in. Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless you use it. So remember the sayings "use it or lose it" and "practice makes perfect" . Good learners learn from their mistakes, and they are not afraid of making mistakes. Learning is a lifelong journey because every day brings something new. So learn wisely and learn well.

人教版高中英语必修一unit1知识点总结

Survey n. 纵览,视察,测量v. 审视,视察,通盘考虑,调查 1. We stood on the top of the mountain and surveyed the countryside. 我们站在山顶上，眺望乡村。 2. A quick survey of the street showed that no one was about. 扫视街道, 空无一人。 Add v. 增加 1. He added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴，使火旺些。 2. If you add 4 to 5, you get 9. 四加五等于九。 3. Add up all the money I owe you. 把我应付你的钱都加在一起。 Upset a. 烦乱的,不高兴 v. 颠覆,推翻,扰乱,使心烦意乱,使不舒服 1. I'm always upset when I don't get any mail. 我接不到任何邮件时总是心烦意乱。 2. He has an upset stomach. 他胃不舒服。 3. The news quite upset him. 这消息使他心烦意乱。 Ignore v. 不顾,不理,忽视 1. I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我! 2. I can't ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼, 我再也不能不闻不问了。 Calm n. 平稳,风平浪静 a. 平静的,冷静的 v. 平静下来,镇静 1. It was a beautiful morning, calm and serene. 那是一个宁静、明媚的早晨。 2. You should keep calm even in face of danger. 即使面临危险，你也应当保持镇静。 3. Have a brandy it'll help to calm you (down). 来点儿白兰地--能使你静下来。 calm down vt. 平静下来(镇定下来) 1. His rage was soon calmed down by the rustic peace. 乡村的宁静很快就使他的怒气平静下来。 2. I told myself to calm down. 我告诫自己要冷静下来。 have got to conj. 不得不(必须) 1. You may not like him, but you have got to admire his persistence. 你可以不喜欢他，但你不得不佩服他那种坚忍不拔的精神。 2. I couldn't have got to the meeting on time -- unless I had caught an earlier train. 我不可能及时赶到会场，除非我赶上了较找的一班火车。 Concern n. 关心,关系, 关切的事,忧虑 v. 涉及,与...有关,影响;使关心 1. How much money I earn is none of your concern. 我挣多少钱与你无关。 2. These problems concern all of us. 这些问题影响到我们每一个人。 3. This restaurant is a family concern. 这家饭店是由一家人经营的。 be concerned about vt. 关心(挂念) 1. It is reassuring to be enquired after when you're ill. It shows your friends haven't stopped being concerned about you. 如果能询问一下你是何时生病的我们也就放心了。因为你的朋友一直在关心你。 2. The government's claim to be concerned about unemployment is sheer hypocrisy. 政府声称对失业表示关注纯属做做姿态。 Cheat n. 骗子,欺骗行为 v. 欺骗,作弊 1. His father was cheated of his land. 他的父亲被人骗走了地产。 2. He never cheats to pass examination. 他考试从不作弊。 3. He was cheated (out) of his rightful inheritance. 他依法应得的遗产被人骗走了. Reason n. 理由,原因,理智,理性 v. 说服,推论,下判断 1. She can reason very clearly. 她能很清晰地思考。 2. Copernicus reasoned that the earth revolved around the sun. 哥白尼论证了地球绕着太阳转。 3. We have reason to believe that he was murdered. 我们有理由相信他是被谋杀的。 list n. 目录,名单,明细表 v. 列出,列于表上,记入名单内 1. He wrote down his name on the list. 他将他的名字写在清单上。 2. He listed all the things he had to do. 他把自己必须做的事列成表。 Share n. 部份,股份,分担 v. 共享,共有,分配 1. If you want a share of the pay, you'll have to do your fair share of the work. 要是你想得到一份报酬，你就必须做好你该分担的那一份工作。 2. She's got all her money in stocks and shares. 她所有的钱都投放到股票里去了。

Unit1知识点整理

Vocabulary 1.flame ◎n. The whole building was soon in flames. burst into flames ※literary a sudden strong feeling a flame of passion anger desire hope ◎v. literary to become suddenly bright with light or colour, especially red or orange: Erica’s cheeks fla med (with anger.) https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4f1517857.html,sh---lace ◎ something firmly to something else, or to tie two things together firmly using a rope After lashing the boat to the bank, we ran for shelter from the storm. ◎to hit/attack sth. with violent force The man lashed the horse to go faster. Giant waves /wind/rain/sea lashed the sea wall. ◎if an animal lashes its tail, or if its tail lashes, it moves its tail fast and violently from side to side, often when it is angry ◎to criticize someone angrily –used especially in newspapers: Democrats lashed Republican plans, calling them extreme. Gallins lashed back at those who accused him of corruption. ※Olson lashed out at the media.(critcize sb. suddenly) She would suddenly lash out at other children.( to suddenly try to hit sb) n. (作为惩罚的)鞭打,抽打: They each received 20 lashes for stealing. *eye?brow /?a?bra?/眉毛 lash/eyelash睫毛 3.scoff ◎If you scoff at something, you laugh at it in a way that shows you think it is ridiculous David scoffed at her fears. Officials scoffed at the idea. ‘You, a scientist!’ he scoffed. It’s easy to scoff when you haven’t tried it yourself. 4.sway ◎to move slowly from one side to another:

人教版五年级英语下册Unit1知识点汇总

Unit1 My day 知识整理 △话题：谈论每天的活动及时间安排 △词汇：do morning exercises（做早操） eat breakfast/lunch/dinner（吃早餐/午餐/晚餐） have...class（上…课），play sports（做运动） cleanmyroom（打扫我的房间），go forawalk (散步) go shopping（购物），takeadancingclass（上舞蹈课） △拓展词汇：get up（起床），go to bed（上床睡觉） washmy clothes（洗我的衣服）， watch TV（看电视） do homework（做作业）， play music（演奏音乐） cook dinner（煮晚餐）， at home（在家） inthemorning（在上午），intheafternoon（在下午） intheevening（在晚上），atnight（在半夜） △句型： ①询问做某事在几点 When doyou＋动词原形（短语）＋其他？ —— At ＋时间 —— I(＋频度副词)＋动词原形（短语）＋at＋时间。 例句：When do you get up in the morning? —— At 7:30. —— I often get up at 7:30. ②询问周末的活动安排

What do you often do on the weekend ？ I often (always/sometime/usually) ＋…（周末的活动）＋with … （某人）＋ontheweekend （onSaturdays/on Sundays ）. 例句：What do you do on the weekend ？ I often take a dancing class with my friendon Sundays. △知识点： 1：注意介词的搭配 at ＋具体时间（几点）/night/home at 9 o ’clock in ＋国家/季节 in Spain on ＋星期 on the weekend/on Sundays with ＋人 with my father/mother/friend 2：表示时间频率词的区别 always 表示总是，一直； usually 表示经常，通常； often 表示经常，常常； sometimes 表示有时，间或。 按它们的频率大小排列如下： always （100%）→usually （80%）→often （60%）→sometimes （40%） 3：其他知识点 also 用于句中 1) 也 too too 用于肯定句中 用于句末

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