2018年高考英语真题分类汇编专题09：完形填空(含解析)

2018年高考英语真题分类汇编专题09：完形填空

一、完形填空（共7题；共140分）

1.（2018?卷Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 1 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn't want to 2 a few dollars? More than that, I'd always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren't 3 enough about free credits, news about our 4 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which 5 I would be learning from one of the game's 6 ,I could hardly wait to 7 him.

Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 8 was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he make it 9 that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 10 the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 11 what we would learn in class to our future professions and 12 , to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 13 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 14 .

Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he 15 me: "The absolute most important 16 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good

17 .On every single move you have to 18 a situation, process what your opponent(对手) is doing and 19 the best move from among all your options."These words still ring true today in my 20 as a journalist.

1. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down

2. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay

3. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired

4. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor

5. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant

6. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest

7. A. interciew B. meet C. challcnge D. beat

8. A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job

9. A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possible

10. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe

11. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare

12. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally

13. A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment

14. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation

15. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised

16. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill

17. A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. comments

18. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control

19. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate

20. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior

【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）D；（5）D；（6）C；（7）B；（8）D；（9）C；（10）B；（11）C；（12）A；（13）C；（14）B；（15）D；（16）D；（17）B；（18）A；（19）D；（20）A；

【考点】夹叙夹议，单项选择型，人物故事类

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一位大二的学生从学校的围棋课程以及围棋老师身上学到的人生哲理和对他

十年后的生活和工作的影响。

⑴A.put forward提出；B. jump at急于接受；C. try out尝试，检验；D turn down调小，拒绝。句意：我乐意接受这一学习此课程的想法，因为毕竟谁不想省下几美元呢？根据上文所讲“一种免费的可得三学分的课程”，可以判断此处应该是急于接受，故选B.

⑵A.waste浪费；B. earn赚得，挣得；C. save省得，节约；D. pay付款。句意：我乐意接受这一学习此课程的想法，因为毕竟谁不想省下几美元呢？根据上文所讲“一种免费的可得三学分的课程”，可以判断此处应

该是节省了一些美元，故选C。

⑶A. excited兴奋的；B. worried担心的；C.moved感动的；D. tired疲惫的。句意：不仅仅这些，我一直想学下棋。并且，即使我对那免费学分不是很兴奋，但是有关这个课程的教师的消息对我足够有吸引力。根据

上下文和句意可判断应选A。

⑷A. title题目，称号；B. competitor竞赛者；C. textbook教科书；D. instructor教师，讲师。根据下文的“He was an international grandmaster...”和上题的解析可以判断应选D。

⑸A. urge催促，力劝；B. demand强烈要求；C. hold抓住；D. mean意味着。句意：他是一位国际围棋大师，这意味着我将向这比赛中佼佼者学习。根据句意，故选D。

⑹A. fastest最快；B. easiest最早；C. best最好；D. rarest最罕见。根据上题解析和上文提到的“an international grandmaster”可判断应选C。

⑺A. interview采访，面试；B. meet见面，遇到；C. challenge挑战，质疑；D. beat打败。句意：我等不及见他了。根据句意可判断选B。

⑻A. chance机会；B. qualification资格，资历；C. honor荣誉，荣耀；D. job工作。句意：Maurice Ashley睿智善良，是以前的毕业生返校教学，对于他来讲这工作不是好玩的事情，他是很当真的。根据句意，应选D。

⑼A. real真的；B. perfect完美的；C. clear清楚的；D. possilbe可能的。句意：在他的开场白中，他明确表

示我们的学分会很难挣的。根据上文“this job was no game for him”“he meant business”可知这位大师是把这

工作很认真对待的，学分很难得到的，开始他就说的很清楚了，故选C。

⑽A. attend出席；B. pass通过；D. skip跳过；D. observe观察，遵守。句意：为了通过这门课程，在许多标准中，我们必须写论文，讨论我们将如何把在课堂学到的运用到未来职业中，最后运用到我们生活中去。

根据上文“学分很难挣得”和句意可知选B。

⑾A. add增加，补充说；B. expose暴露；C. apply 运用，申请；D. compare比较。根据第三段中“I’m pulling to use he ___ me”可知应选C。

⑿A. eventually最终, 最后；B. naturally自然而然地；C. directly直接地；D. normally正常地。根据句意和上题解析可知应选A。

⒀A. game比赛，游戏；B. presentation展示；C. course课程；D. experiment实验。句意：我努力设法在这

门课程上获得A，并且学到了让我受益匪浅的超出教室范围的生活经验。根据句中“A”和句意，可知应选C。⒁A. criterion标准；B. classroom教室；C. department院，系；D. situation形势。根据上下文和句意，可判

定应选B。

⒂A. teach教；B. write写；C. question质疑；D. promise承诺。句意：与Ashley学棋十年后，我依然在努力运用他教给我的知识。Ashley是笔者的老师，故选A。

⒃A. fact事实；B. step步骤；C. manner方式；D. skill技能。句意：在你下棋时你学到的很重要的技能是如

何做出好的决定。根据句意，可知应选D。

⒄A. grade分数,成绩；B. decision决定；C. impression印象；D. comment评论。根据句意和常识，下棋应该是做出决定，故选B。

⒅A. analyze分析；B. describe描述；C. rebuild重建；D. control控制。句意：走的每一步，你不得不分析形势，仔细思考对手所作，评估所有选择中最佳方案。根据上文中提到下棋要不断做出决定和常识，可以判

断A。

⒆A. announce通知；B. sign打信号；C. block阻挡；D. evaluate评估。根据句意和上题解析，可判断应选D。⒇A. role角色，身份；B. desire欲望；C. concern关心，关注；D.behavior行为。句意：这些话如今在我一名记者工作依然经常在耳旁响起。根据句意和句中“as a journalist”可知应选A。

【点评】本文属于夹叙夹议类完型填空，作者十年前选择了围棋学习，并且老师是一位国际大师，从他那

里收益匪浅，甚至对他十年后的生活和工作都有影响。考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要读

懂全文，弄清文章要表达的思想，注意文中前后段落之间的关系。答题中，一定要认真分析，注意选项与

上下文的关系，与前后单词的关系。对于一时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成，因为有时答案

可以从下文内容体现出来。答完后再通读一篇文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺，语意连贯。

2.（2018?卷Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had got in touch. He'd moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I'd 1 seen him. So imagine my 2 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.

I was 3 ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 4 . The bay was 5 in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little 6 .I realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in 7 . "Something's not

8 !" I took off my T-shirt and 9 into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was 10 violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors. I helped 11 the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something 12 to me. Those brown eyes were very 13 . "What's his

name?" I asked the instructor. "Ben," he replied, and immediately I 14 . That stranger was my son!

The instructors called for an ambulance. 15 , after a brief stay in hospital. Ben was well enough to be allowed to 16 and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben 17 to me. "I'm just want to say thank you," he said, "You

18 my life!"

I still can't believe what a 19 it was. I'm just so glad I was there 20 to help my son.

1. A. also B. often C. even D. last

2. A. delight B. relief C. anger D. worry

3. A. scared B. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamed

4. A. talk B. stay C. meet D. settle

5. A. bathed B. clean C. deep D. settle

6. A. faster B. closer C. heavier D. wiser

7. A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle

8. A. real B. right C. fair D. fit

9. A. stared B. sank C. dived D. fell

10. A. arguing B. fighting C. shouting D. shaking

11. A. lead B. persuade C. carry D. keep

12. A. happened B. occurred C. applied D. appealed

13. A. sharp B. pleasant C. attractive D. familiar

14. A. agreed B. hesitated C. doubted D. knew

15. A. Fortunately B. Frankly C. Sadly D. Suddenly

16. A. return B. relax C. speak D. leave

17. A. joked B. turned C. listened D. pointed

18. A. created B. honored C. saved D. guided

19. A. coincidence B. change C. pity D. pain

20. A. on board B. in time C. for sure D. on purpose

【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）C；（4）C；（5）A；（6）B；（7）A；（8）B；（9）C；（10）D；（11）C；（12）B；（13）D；（14）D；（15）A；（16）D；（17）B；（18）C；（19）A；（20）B；

【考点】记叙文，单项选择型，人物故事类

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者在去与失联多年的儿子见面的时候发现有人溺水，出于本能，他下去救了溺水的人，缺发现正是自己的儿子，作者为这样的巧合感到惊讶不已。

⑴句意：两周前，我的儿子本联系上了。他三岁的时候随他妈妈搬到了英国，自从我最后一次见到他已经有13年了。A.also也；B. often经常；C. even甚至；D. last最后。根据句意，故答案为D。

⑵句意：所以可以想象当他给我发电邮说想来看我时我是多么的高兴。A. delight高兴；B. relief解脱；减

轻 C. anger气愤；D. worry担心。根据常识可知将要见到失散多年的儿子当然高兴，故答案为A。

⑶句意：我很激动。我早早地就到了拜伦湾。A. scared害怕的；B. shocked震惊的；C. thrilled激动的；

D. ashamed害羞的。根据上文可知作者很激动，故答案为C。

⑷句意：我很早就到了我们应该见面的地点——拜伦湾。A. talk谈话；B. stay停留；C. meet会面；D. settle解决；定居。根据上文可知作者要在拜伦湾与儿子见面，故答案为C。

⑸句意：海湾沐浴在阳光下，在离岸边150米的地方有一群划着皮划艇的人。A. bathe沐浴，洗澡；B. clean打扫；C. deep深的；D. form形成。由介词短语in the sunshine可知此处是情景描写，“沐浴在阳光中，” 故答案为A。

⑹句意：走得更近一些，我意识到一只皮划艇出事了。A. faster更快；B. closer更近； C. heavier更重；D. wiser更明智的；由下文可知“靠近了才发现出事了。” 故答案为B。

⑺句意：走得更近一些，我意识到一只皮划艇出事了。A. in trouble有麻烦；B. in advance提前；C. in question有疑问；在考虑中的；D. in battle在战斗中。根据下文有人溺水可知皮划艇出了麻烦，故答案为A。

⑻句意：情况不对。A. real真实的；B. right正确的；恰当的；C. fair公平的；D. fit合适的。由上下文可知此处表示“情况不对头”，故答案为B。

⑼句意：我脱下衬衫，跳进水里。A. stare盯着；B. sink下沉； C. dive俯冲；D. fall掉落。此处描述作者下水救人，dive into water 跳入水中，故答案为C。

⑽句意：我看见有两个教练在船上，一个人横躺在中间，他正剧烈地颤抖着。A. argue争论；B. fight打架；

C. shout喊叫；

D. shake摇晃。根据下文对这个人的描述“He was unconscious……”可知，故答案为D。

⑾句意：和其中一个教练的胳膊挽在一起，我帮忙把那个年轻人抬出水面。A. lead领导；B. persuade说服；

C. carry搬运；

D. keep保持。根据句意，故答案为C。

⑿句意：他没有意识，当我看他的脸时，我突然想到了什么。A. happen发生；B. occur发生，sth occur to sb某人突然想到某事；C. apply应用；申请；D. appeal呼吁；请求。根据空格后的介词to，结合句意，故答案为B。

⒀句意：那棕色的眼睛是非常熟悉的。A. sharp锐利的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. attractive吸引人的；

D. familiar熟悉的。根据下文语境，故答案为D。

⒁句意：“他叫什么名字，”我问其中的一个教练。“本，”他回答道。很快，我知道了，那个陌生人就是我

的儿子。A.agree同意；答应；B. hesitate犹豫；C. doubt怀疑；D. know知道。根据句意，故答案为D。⒂句意：教练叫来了救护车，幸运地是，在医院短暂的停留之后，本复原可以出院了。A. fortunately幸运

地是；B. frankly坦率地说； C. sadly令人伤心地；D. suddenly突然。根据下文可知本安然无恙，所以很“幸运”，故答案为A。

⒃句意：本好了，被允许离开，后来一家人团聚在一起吃饭。A. return返回； B. relax放松；C. speak讲话；

D. 离开。结合前文的in hospital住院，身体足够好了，当然可以出院了，故答案为D。

⒄句意：我们聊了很多，然后本对我说：“我只是想说谢谢你，你救了我的命。”A. joke开玩笑；B. turn to sb转向某人；C. listen听；D. point指着。根据语境可知他“转身对我说”，故答案为B。

⒅句意：“我只是想说谢谢你，你救了我的命。”A. create创造；B. honor 给……以荣誉；C. save救；D.

guide引导。根据上文可知作者“救”了儿子，故答案为C。

⒆句意：我仍然无法相信那是多么巧的一个巧合。A. coincidence巧合；B. change变化； C. pity 遗憾；D. pain痛。根据句意可知作者感叹这个巧合，故答案为A。

⒇句意：我很高兴我及时到那儿救了我儿子。A. on board在船上；B. in time及时；C. for sure确信；肯定；

D. on purpose故意地。根据句意，故答案为B。

【点评】这是一篇记叙文，通过对作者讲述的故事的理解来考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

3.（2018?卷Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say "sorry, 1 number!" and move on. But when Dennis Williams 2 a text that clearly wasn't intended for him, he did something 3 .

On March 19, Dennis got a group text 4 him that a couple he didn't know were at the hospital, waiting for the 5 of a baby.

"Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken," Dennis 6 . The baby was born and update texts were 7 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her

8 , she didn't seem to realize that she was 9 the baby's photos with a complete stranger. "Well, I don't 10 you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby," replied Dennis before asking which room the new 11 were in.

Much to the family's surprise, Dennis stuck to his 12 ! He turned up at the hospital

13 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey's husband was totally

14 by the unexpected visit. "I don't think we would have randomly invited him over but we

15 it and the gifts."

Teresa 16 a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website

17 by the touching words: "What a 18 this young man was to our family! He was so 19 and kind to do this." The post has since gained the 20 of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.

1. A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong

2. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed

3. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical

4. A. convincing B. reminding C. informing D. warning

5. A. wake-up B. recovery C. growth D. arrival

6. A. responded B. interrupted C. predicted D. repeated

7. A. coming in B. setting out C. passing down D. moving around

8. A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort

9. A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing

10. A. accept B. know C. believe D. bother

11. A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visitors

12. A. dream B. promise C. agenda D. principle

13. A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making

14. A. discouraged B. relaxed C. astonished D. defeated

15. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect

16. A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted

17. A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied

18. A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem

19. A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair

20. A. sympathy B. attention C. control D. trust

【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）B；（4）C；（5）D；（6）A；（7）A；（8）C；（9）D；（10）B；（11）A；（12）B；（13）A；（14）C；（15）C；（16）D；（17）D；（18）B；（19）C；（20）B；

【考点】记叙文，人物故事类

【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲了一位男子收到陌生人的短信后并没有视而不见置之不理，而

是带着礼物和陌生人的祝福前去拜访了这家人，并且把照片放到了网上，获得了更多陌生人的祝福的故事。

(1) 句意：当我们大部分人收到陌生人的短信时，我们通常都会说“对不起，打错了。”A、unlucky不幸的；B、secret 秘密的；C、new 新的；D、wrong错误的。根据常识可知答案为D。

(2) 句意：但是当Dennis Williams 收到一个明显不是发给他的短信时，他却做了一件特别的事情。 A、received收到；B、translated翻译；C、copied复制；D、printed印刷。根据上文get a text message可知是“收到”短信，故答案为A。

(3) A、reasonable合理的；B、special特别的；C、necessary必要的；D、practical实际的。与前文形成对比，他做的事情与众不同，故答案为B。

(4) 句意：三月19日，Dennis收到一组短信，通知他一对他不认识的夫妇在医院。 A、convincing使相信；

B、reminding提醒；

C、informing通知；

D、warning警告。根据常识可知短信是通知的目的，故答案为C。

(5) 句意：在医院等待新生儿的到来。A、wake-up醒来；B、recovery恢复；C、growth成长；D、arrival到达。既然是新生儿，当然是来到这个世界上了，故答案为D。

(6) 句意：“祝贺你，但是我想是有人弄错了，”Dennis回复道。A、responded回应；B、interrupted打断；

C、predicted预测；

D、repeated重复；根据语境可知这是Dennis回的短信，故答案为A。

(7) 句意：孩子出生了，更新的短信很快从一个过于兴奋的叫Teresa的祖母那里发过来。 A、coming in进来；B、setting out出发；C、passing down传递；D、moving around四处走动。根据句意可知是又来了一条短信，故答案为A。

(8) 句意：激动中，她好像没有意识到她把宝宝的照片分享给了一个完全不认得的人。A、opinion观点；B、anxiety焦虑；C、excitement兴奋；D、effort努力。根据前文的overjoyed可知孩子的祖母过于兴奋，故答案为C。

(9) 句意：把宝宝的照片分享给了一个完全不认得的人。A、comparing比较；B、exchanging交换；C、

discussing讨论；D、sharing分享。根据语境可知是孩子的奶奶把照片发给了Dennis，也就是与他分享了孩

子的照片，故答案为D。

(10) 句意：“好吧，我完全不认识你们，但是我会过去拍几张孩子的照片，”Dennis在询问了这对夫妇的房

间号后回复道， A、accept 接受；B、know知道；C、believe相信；D、bother打扰。根据上文可知是不认识对方，故答案为B。

(11) A、parents父母；B、doctors医生；C、patients病人；D、visitors访客。由修饰词new可知这对夫妇初为人父母，故答案为A。

(12) 句意：使这一家人惊奇的是，Dennis遵守了他的诺言。A、dream梦想；B、promise承诺；C、agenda议程；D、principle原则；根据前文可知他说了竟然真的做了，所以“stick to one's promise遵守承诺”符合语境，故答案为B。

(13) 句意：他出现在医院里，给那个刚做妈妈的女人带来了礼物。A、bearing 生；背负；带有；B、collecting收集；C、opening打开；D、making做。结合句意，用排除法可知只有bear可表携带之意，故答案为A。

(14) 句意：Lindsey的丈夫对这个不速之客感到非常惊讶。A、discouraged泄气的；B、relaxed放松的；C、astonished惊讶的；D、defeated被打败的。此处描写男主人的意外之情，故答案为C。

(15) 句意：我没想到我们会不经意地邀请到他，但是我们感谢这个不经意还有这些礼物。A、admit承认；

B、need需要；

C、appreciate感激；欣赏；

D、expect期望；根据上下文可知新生儿的父母对Dennis的来访表示感激，故答案为C。

(16) 句意：孩子的奶奶Teresa把这个偶遇的照片张贴在社交媒体网站上。A、found发现；B、selected选择；C、developed发展；D、posted张贴；根据on a social networking website可知是把照片“张贴”在网上，故答案为D。

(17) 句意：并附上了一句感人的话。A、confirmed证实；B、simplified简化；C、clarified澄清；D、accompanied陪同；根据句意可知此处是为照片“配上”文字，故答案为D。

(18) 句意：“这个年轻人给我们带来了多么美好的祝福啊！” A、pity可惜；怜悯；B、blessing祝福；C、relief解脱；缓解；D、problem问题。根据上文可知此处表示对Dennis的感谢，所以用积极的词汇，故答

案为B。

(19) 句意：他这样做真是太好太甜美了。A、smart聪明的；B、calm镇静的；C、sweet甜的；D、fair

公平的。与kind并列，故答案为C。

(20) 句意：这个帖子从那时起一直得到了全世界社交媒体的关注。A、sympathy同情；B、attention注意；

C、control控制；

D、trust信任。根据常识，故答案为B。

【点评】本文篇幅不长，生词量不多，难度适中，几乎没有偏难怪的题目，行文逻辑顺畅，理清文章思路，平时注重对实词的掌握，基本能拿到大部分的分数。

4.（2018?北京）完形填空The Homeless Hero

For many, finding an unattended wallet filled with ￡400 in cash would be a source（来源）of temptation（诱惑）. But the 1 would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith 2 more remarkable.

After spotting a 3 on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down, he stood

guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the 4 to return.

After hours in the cold and wet, he 5 inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID so he could contact（联系）the driver, only to 6 it contained ￡400 in notes, with another ￡50 in spare change beside it.

He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after 7 a note behind to let the owner know it was safe. When the car's owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car—which was itself worth ￡35, 000—in Glasgow city centre, they were 8 to find two policemen standing next to it. The policemen told them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was

9 .

The pair were later able to thank Mr. Smith for his 10 .

Mr. Anderson said：＂I couldn't believe that the guy never took a penny. To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight 11 he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in. This guy has nothing and 12 he didn't take the wallet for himself；he thought about others 13 . It's unbelievable. It just proves there are 14 guys out there.＂

Mr. Smith's act 15 much of the public's attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson 16 about the act of kindness on Facebook.

Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to 17 money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received ￡8,000. ＂I think the faith that everyone has shown 18 him has touched him. People have been approaching him in the street; he's had job 19 and all sorts,＂Mr. Anderson commented.

For Mr. Smith, this is a possible life-changing 20 . The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another.

1. A. hope B. aim C. urge D. effort

2. A. still B. even C. ever D. once

3. A. wallet B. bag C. box D. parcel

4. A. partner B. colleague C. owner D. policeman

5. A. turned B. hid C. stepped D. reached

6. A. discover B. collect C. check D. believe

7. A. taking B. leaving C. reading D. writing

8. A. satisfied B. excited C. amused D. shocked

9. A. safe B. missing C. found D. seen

10. A. service B. support C. kindness D. encouragement

11. A. when B. if C. where D. because

12. A. rather B. yet C. already D. just

13. A. too B. though C. again D. instead

14. A. honest B. polite C. rich D. generous

15. A. gave B. paid C. cast D. drew

16. A. learned B. posted C. cared D. heard

17. A. borrow B. raise C. save D. earn

18. A. of B. at C. for D. in

19. A. details B. changes C. offers D. applications

20. A. lesson B. adventure C. chance D. challenge

【答案】（1）C；（2）B；（3）A；（4）C；（5）D；（6）A；（7）B；（8）D；（9）A；（10）C；（11）A；（12）B；（13）D；（14）A；（15）D；（16）B；（17）B；（18）D；（19）C；（20）C；

【考点】记叙文，人物故事类

【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了流浪汉拾金不昧的故事。某雨天，流浪汉看到一辆未关车窗的

车内放有钱包，怕钱包被盗，在雨中等待车主两小时。苦等无果，便拿着钱包去警局寻失主。车主获知事

件经过，将经历分享到脸谱网上，为该地区流浪汉筹钱，最后流浪汉得到了许多工作机会。

(1) C句意：对很多人而言，找到一个装满400英镑现金且无人看管的钱包都会是种诱惑。而这种欲望对

于无家可归、既没食物又没钱的人而言，无疑会更加强烈。A、hope希望；B、aim目标；C、urge强烈

的欲望；D、effort努力。有空格前的the可知此处前文提到的temptation（诱惑），所以此处选择其近义词urge（强烈的欲望），故答案为C。

(2) B 句意：这一切使得无家可归的Tom Smith的举动更为不同寻常，引人注目。A、still 仍然；B、even 甚至；C、ever曾经；D、once曾经；此处修饰比较级，表示强调，故答案为B。

(3) A 句意：在发现了在一个没有关窗子的停着的汽车的前排座位上的钱包后，他站在雨中差不多两个小

时守护着钱包等着主人归来。A、wallet 钱包；B、bag包；C、box盒子；D、parcel包裹。根据第一句提到的an unattended wallet filled with ￡400 in cash可知是钱包，故答案为A。

(4) C句意：他站在雨中差不多两个小时守护着钱包等着主人归来。A、partner搭档；B、colleague同事；

C、owner主人；

D、policeman警察；守护着钱包，当然是等它的“owner”，故答案为C。

(5) D 句意：在寒冷的雨中几个小时后，他把手伸进车里拿出钱包，希望能找到身份证，这样他就可以联

系司机了。A、turned转身；B、hid躲藏；C、stepped迈步；D、reached伸手。钱包在车的前排座位上，想要拿到当然需要“伸手”，故答案为D。

(6) A 句意：却发现里面有400英镑的钞票，旁边还有50英镑的零钱。A、discover发现；B、collect收集；

C、check检查；核对；

D、believe相信。打开钱包，“发现”里面有钱，故答案为A。

(7) B 句意：然后，他在留下一张便条告诉车主钱包安全，便带着钱包去了附近的警察局。A、taking带走；

B、leaving留下；

C、reading读；

D、writing写。短语：leave a note/message留便条，故答案为B。

(8) D 句意：当车主和同事回到位于格拉斯哥市中心价值35000英镑的汽车停放的位置时，他们惊讶地发

现有两个警察站在车的旁边。A、satisfied满意的；B、excited兴奋的；C、amused好笑的；D、shocked震

惊的。没有违法却招来了警察，所以感到“震惊”，故答案为D。

(9) A句意：警察告诉他们史密斯先生的所作所为，还有他的钱包是安全的。A、safe安全的；B、missing

丢失的；C、found被发现的；D、seen被看见的。故答案为A。

(10) C 句意：后来这两个人能够感谢史密斯先生的善意之举。A、service服务；B、support支持；C、

kindness善行；D、encouragement鼓励；此处指前面提到帮助保护钱包的行为，故答案为C。

(11) A句意：既然到他本可以偷了钱并且花钱让自己找一个地方住一晚，但是他今晚还是住在大街上。A、when 考虑到；既然；B、if 如果；C、where哪里；D、because因为；此处是对史密斯拾金不昧的行为的评价，根据句意，故答案为A。

(12) B句意：这个男的身无分文，然而他还是没有自己拿走钱包。A、rather相当；B、yet然而；C、already 已经；D、just只是；表示转折，故答案为B。

(13) D句意：他（没有自己拿走钱包）而是想到了别人。A、too也；B、though不过；然而；C、again又；

D、instead代替；而不是。根据句意，故答案为D。

(14) A句意：这是难以置信的，只是证明了有诚实的人。A、honest诚实的；B、polite有礼貌的；C、rich富有的；D、generous慷慨的。这是对史密斯先生的行为的总结，故答案为A。

(15) D 句意：史密斯先生的行为吸引了公众大量关注。A、gave给；B、paid支付；C、cast投掷；D、drew 吸引。短语：draw one's attention吸引人的注意，故答案为D。

(16) B句意：在安德森先生把这一善意之举发布在脸谱网上之后，他也赢得了社交媒体用户的赞誉。A、learned了解到；B、posted张贴；C、cared关心；D、heard听见。此处指在网上发布帖子，故答案为B。(17) B句意：现在安德森先生在网上发起了一个活动，为史密斯先生和这一地区其他无家可归的人募捐。A、borrow借；B、raise募集；C、save节省；D、earn挣；赚。根据下文可知是“募捐”，故答案为B。

(18) D句意：我想每个人对他表现出的信任已经感动了他。show/have faith in对……信任；故答案为D。

(19) C句意：在街上人们主动接近他，给他提供工作等各种帮助。A、details细节；B、changes变化；C、offers提供；D、applications申请；根据上文提到的人们的募捐，所以此处指人们“主动提供帮助”，故答案

为C。

(20) C句意：对于史密斯先生而言，这是一个改变人生的机会。A、lesson教训；B、adventure探险；C、chance机会；D、challenge挑战。根据句意，故答案为C。

【点评】这是一篇记叙文，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要读懂全文，弄清文章要表达的思想，注意文中前后段落之间的关系。答题中，一定要认真分析，注意选项与上下文的关系，与前后单词的

关系。对于一时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成，因为有时答案可以从下文内容体现出来。

答完后再通读一篇文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺，语意连贯。

5.（2018?天津）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own 1 .

I learned this lesson from a(n) 2 many years ago. I took the head 3 job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.

It was a tradition for the school's old team to play against the 4 team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to 5 the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn't 6 I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to

7 that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were 8 me. I had to change my 9 about their ability and potential.

I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 10 .Most important, I began to

treat them like 11 .That summer, When the other teams enjoyed their

12 ,we met every day and 13 passing and kicking the football.

Six months after suffering our 14 on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to 15 .Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a 16 for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn't what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest 17 my life！

From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 18 the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and 19 them. I helped them to see themselves 20 ,and they built themselves into winners.

Winners are made, but born.

1. A. luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature

2. A. experiment B. experience C. visit D. show

3. A. operating B. editing C. consulting D. coaching

4. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new

5. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with

6. A. believe B. agree C. describe D. regret

7. A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand

8. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about

9. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention

10. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship

11. A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. learners

12. A. rewards B. vacations C. health D. honor

13. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced

14. A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake

15. A. relax B. improve C. expand D. defend

16. A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor

17. A. chances B. thrills C. concerns D. offers

18. A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. affect

19. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed

20. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently

【答案】（1）C；（2）B；（3）D；（4）D；（5）B；（6）A；（7）A；（8）C；（9）B；（10）A；（11）C；（12）B；（13）D；（14）A；（15）B；（16）C；（17）B；（18）D；（19）A；（20）D；

【考点】记叙文，单项选择型，人物故事类，教育文化类

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者曾经担任过一个学校足球队的教练，在一次比赛中输给了学校的新队。于是开始反思，不停的训练和鼓励队员，最终竟然赢得州里最强的对手。作者感悟到：没有人天

生就是赢家，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。

⑴考查名词。A. luck“幸运”；B. tests“测试”；C. efforts“努力”；D. nature“自然”。根据上文“No one is born a winner.”没有人天生就是赢家，根据常识可知，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。故选C。

⑵考查名词。A .experiment“实验”；B. experience“经历”；C. visit“参观”；D. show“展示”。根据下文可知，作者是从一次经历中得出这样的教训的。故选B。

⑶考查动词。A. operating“操作”；B. editing“编辑”；C. consulting“咨询”；D. coaching“指导”。根据下文“Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated.”可知，作者在一所学校担任总教练工作。故选D。

⑷考查形容词。A. successful“成功的”；B. excellent“杰出的”；C. strong“强壮的”；D. new“新的”。根据上文“It was a tradition for the school's old team”中的old team提示可知，春季训练结束时，学校新老队伍对抗是一个传统。故选D。

⑸考查动词短语。A. cheer for“为……欢呼”；B. prepare for“为……准备”；C. help with“帮助某人做……”；D. finish with“结束于；和.……断绝关系”。老队没有教练，他们甚至不练习来准备比赛。故选B。

⑹考查动词。A. believe“相信”；B. agree“同意”；C. describe“描述”；D. regret“后悔”。根据上文“but to my disappointment we were defeated.”可知，作者不能相信会遇到这样的情况。故选A。

⑺考查动词。A. realize“意识到”；B. claim“宣称”；C. permit“允许”；D. demand“要求“。我开始意识到我的队也许不是佐治亚州头号队伍。come to realize固定短语，“开始意识到“，故选A。

⑻考查动词短语。A. reacting to“对……起反应”；B. looking for“寻找”；C. depending on“依靠”；D. caring about“关心”。但他们都在依靠我。故选C。

⑼考查名词。A. decision“决定”；B. attitude“态度”；C. conclusion“结论”；D. intention“意图”。我不得不改变我对他们能力和潜力的态度。故选B。

⑽考查名词。A. pride“自豪，自尊心”；B. culture“文化”；C. fortune“幸运”；D. relationship“关系”。我开始做任何我能做的事情来帮助他们建立一点自尊心。故选A。

⑾考查名词。A. leaders“领导”；B. partners“伙伴”；C. winners“获胜者”；D. learners“学习者”。根据下文“Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and them.”以及文中最后一句提示可知，作者开始像获胜者对待他们。故选C。

⑿考查名词。A. reward“报酬”；B. vacations“假期”；C. health“健康”；D. honor“荣誉”。根据That summer可知，当其它队队员享受着他们假期的时候。故选B。

⒀考查动词。A. risked“冒险”；B. missed“错过”；C. considered“考虑”；D. practiced“练习”。根据上文“The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to 5 the game.”提示可得出答案。这里指练习传球和踢球。故选D。

⒁考查名词。A. defeat“打败”；B. decline“跌落”；C. accident“事故”；D. mistake“错误”。根据上文“but to my disappointment we were defeated.”在春季训练赛场遭受失败之后。故选A。

⒂考查动词。A. relax“放松”；B. improve“提高，改善”；C. expand“扩大”；D. defend“防御”。根据上文“we won our first game and our second”可知，我们继续在提高。故选B。

⒃考查名词。A. shame“羞愧”；B. burden“负担”；C. victory“胜利”；D. favor“赞成”。即使我们输掉比赛，我们感觉它会是一场胜利。故选C。

⒄考查名词。A. chances“机会”；B. thrills“激动”；C. concerns“关心”；D. offers“提供”。根据上文“My boys beat the best team in Georgia”可知，是作者一生中最激动人心的一次！故选B。

⒅考查动词。A. surprise“惊讶”；B. serve“服务”；C. interest“兴趣”；D. offers“提供”。从这次经历，我意识

到领袖的态度如何能够呈现给队里的每个成员。故选D。

⒆考查动词。A. encouraged“鼓励”；B. observed“观察”；C. protected“保护”；D. impressed“影响”。根据I pushed可知，作者在推动和鼓励他们。故选A。

⒇考查副词。A. honestly“诚实地”；B. individually“个别地”；C. calmly“镇静地”；D. differently“不同地”。根

据下文“and they built themselves into winners.”可知，我帮助他们以不同的方式看待自己。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

6.（2018?浙江）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it 1 to have too much time?

I 2 back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also 3 a team sport. By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it

4 .

When I got into college, things 5 .I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this 6 time, there was no sense of 7 to do my school work immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became 8 .Once that happened,

I just kept 9 my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was

10 really late at night to get my work done.

One day I 11 a former classmate of mine who was 12 a lot of money running a sideline(副业).Since his regular job was 13 ,I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would 14 have too much time and would just do what I did back in 15 .He said that if he 16 the job, he would lose his

17 to work and succeed.

So, try 18 your time with other work. This is why there is a 19 that if you want something done, ask a 20 person to do it.

1. A. true B. fair C. strange D. possible

2. A. remember B. admit C. understand D. expect

3. A. watched B. loved C. coached D. played

4. A. al last B. right away C. of course D. as usual

5. A. happend B. repeated C. changed D. mattered

6. A. extra B. difficult C. valuable D. limited

7. A. duty B. achievement C. urgency D. direction

8. A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit

9. A. pushing B. taking C. setting D. calling

10. A. hanging out B. staying up C. jogging round D. showing off

11. A. met B. helped C. treated D. hired

12. A. raising B. wasting C. demanding D. making

13. A. safe B. important C. boring D. rewarding

14. A. luckily B. hardly C. hopefully D. simply

15. A. childhood B. college C. town D. business

16. A. quit B. found C. accepted D. kept

17. A. heart B. chance C. drive D. way

18. A. saving B. filling up C. giving up D. trading

19. A. message B. story C. saying D. fact

20. A. careful B. busy C. reliable D. kind

【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）D；（4）B；（5）C；（6）A；（7）C；（8）D；（9）A；（10）B；（11）A；（12）D；（13）C；（14）D；（15）B；（16）A；（17）C；（18）B；（19）C；（20）B；

【考点】夹叙夹议，人生百味类

【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过自己的经历得出这样的观点：越忙的人越可能把事

做好，时间“过多”反而会把事搞砸。

⑴D 句意：我们都听说过时间比金钱更宝贵，但是有太多的试卷有可能吗？true真实的；fair公平的；strange奇怪的；possible可能的。根据下文在大学的经历的描述可知，故答案为D。

⑵A句意：我记得在高中的时候把一天大部分时间花在了学校里。remember记得；admit承认；understand 明白；expect期待。本段是作者对高中生活的回忆，故答案为A。

⑶D句意：我把一天的大部分时间花在了学校里，因为我也做一种团队运动。watch看；love爱；coach教练；play玩；打。短语：play sport做运动，故答案为D。

⑷B句意：我到家的时候只有几个小时做作业，我不得不立刻做。at last最后；right away立刻；马上；of course当然；as usual和平常一样。与下文immediately相呼应，故答案为B。

⑸C句意：当我进入大学，情况变了。happen发生；repeat重复；change变化；matter有关系；重要。根

据下文描写可知在大学不是立刻做作业了，而是习惯了把作业一拖再拖，所以情况变了。故答案为C。

⑹A句意：我突然发现在中午时间之前自己不用上课了。因为有这些额外的试卷，我就没有那种离开做作

业的紧迫感了。extra额外的；difficult困难的；valuable有价值的；limited有限的。根据前一句的描写可知作者有了空闲的时间，就没有那种离开做作业的紧迫感了，故答案为A。

⑺C句意：我就没有那种离开做作业的紧迫感了。duty责任；achievement成就；urgency紧迫；direction方向。根据句意，故答案为C。

⑻D句意：我那时重复着这样的等待的行为，直到后来这变成了一种习惯。burden负担；relief释放；缓解；risk冒险；habit习惯。根据常识，故答案为D。

⑼A句意：一旦形成了习惯，我就在白天把我的学习一推再推。push推；take拿走；set设置；call呼叫。

根据句意，故答案为A。

⑽B句意：然后我就到了那一步：我经常熬夜到夜里很晚把作业做完。hang out闲逛；stay up熬夜；jog round四处慢跑；show off炫耀。根据late at night可知此处表示“熬夜”，故答案为B。

⑾A句意：一天，我遇到一个老同学。meet遇到；help帮助；treat款待；hire雇佣。根据语境，故答案为A。

⑿D句意：他经营副业赚了很多钱。raise money募捐；waste浪费；demand需要；要求；make money赚钱。根据下文作者问他为什么不专做副业，所以答案为D。

⒀C句意：既然他都工作很无聊，我问他为什么不专做副业。safe安全的；important重要的；boring无聊的；乏味的；rewarding有回报的。由后一句why……可知能让作者不解的原因当然是主业没有副业有趣，

故答案为C。

⒁D句意：他说没有工作，他就会有太多时间，会和我大学的时候那样。luckily幸运地；hardly几乎不；hopefully怀有希望地；simply仅仅。通过排除可以得到答案为D。

⒂B句意：会和我大学的时候那样做一样的事。childhood童年；college大学；town城镇；business生意。此处以作者在大学的经历为戒，故答案为B。

⒃A句意：他说如果他辞职，他会失去工作和成功的动力。quit退出；辞去；find发现；accept接受；keep 保持。根据前文的without the job可知此处指“辞职”，故答案为A。

⒄C句意：他会失去工作和成功的动力。heart心；chance机会；drive驱动力；way方式。此处指成功的动力，故答案为C。

⒅B句意：所以，尽量把你的时间填充到别的工作当中。save节省；fill up填满；giveup放弃；trade交易。通过作者的同学的故事，作者意识到只有把自己的时间占满才会让自己有动力去做事情。故答案为B。

⒆C句意：这就是为什么有一句谚语说：如果你想找人做事,那就找忙人吧。此处that从句是同位语，解释

名词saying（谚语），故答案为C。

⒇B句意：如果你想找人做事,那就找忙人吧。careful细心的；busy忙的；reliable可靠的；kind善良的。此句为对全文的总结，通过作者高中和大学的经历对比，又从同学那里得到了感悟：时间太多反而容易引发

惰性，只有时间紧张才能让自己忙碌起来，从而获得一定的成就。故答案为B。

【点评】本文属于夹叙夹议的文章，作者通过自己的经历讲明一个道理，答题时要先通读文章，弄懂大意，然后根据上下文的逻辑关系分析备选项，答完后再通读一篇文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺，语意

连贯。

7.（2018?江苏）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been

1 to pay lawyers' fees. To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed（诊断）with a

2 disease. There was no

3 , only pain relief.

Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a 4 journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers'（徒步旅行者）guide.

This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 5 recovery. When leaving home, Raynor and Moth had just ￡320 in the bank. They planned to keep the 6 low by living on boiled noodles, with the 7 hamburger shop treat.

Wild camping is 8 in England. To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up

9 and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot

10 than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor 11 all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial 12 , found his symptoms were strangely

13 by their daily tiring journey.

14 , the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles that they thought had 15 forever. "Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes

16 to a thread, but we were alive."

During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes, " 17 had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n)

18 written book. It had also given me a 19 , either to leave that page

20 or to keep writing the story with hope. I chose hope."

1. A. drawn up B. used up C. backed up D. kept up

2. A. mild B. common C. preventable D. serious

3. A. cure B. luck C. care D. promise

4. A. business B. walking C. bus D. rail

5. A. expected B. frightening C. disappointing D. surprising

6. A. budget B. revenue C. compensation D. allowance

7. A. frequent B. occasional C. abundant D. constant

8. A. unpopular B. lawful C. attractive D. illegal

9. A. soon B. early C. late D. slowly

10. A. harder B. easier C. cheaper D. funnier

11. A. rolled B. bled C. ached D. trembled

12. A. struggle B. progress C. excitement D. research

13. A. developed B. controlled C. reduced D. increased

14. A. Initially B. Eventually C. Temporarily D. Consequently

15. A. gained B. kept C. wounded D. lost

16. A. sewn B. washed C. worn D. ironed

17. A. Doctors B. Hiking C. Lawyers D. Homelessness

18. A. well B. partly C. neatly D. originally

19. A. choice B. reward C. promise D. break

20. A. loose B. full C. blank D. missing

【答案】（1）B；（2）D；（3）A；（4）B；（5）D；（6）A；（7）B；（8）D；（9）C；（10）A；（11）C；（12）A；（13）C；（14）B；（15）D；（16）C；（17）D；（18）B；（19）A；（20）C；

【考点】记叙文，人物故事类，人生百味类

【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了Raynor夫妇因为投资错误而无家可归，同时丈夫Moth又身患

疾病，于是夫妇二人决定徒步旅行。在徒步的旅行中丈夫的病情得到了很大改善，同时妻子也成为了natural writer，二人在经历的困难中找到了生活的方向。

(1) 句意：Raynor和丈夫Moth因为错误的投资变得无家可归。他们的积蓄也花光了来支付律师费。A、drawn up起草；B、used up用完；C、backed up支援；D、kept up保持；继续。根据句意可知用完了积蓄，故答案为B。

(2) 句意：Moth被诊断患有一种严重的疾病。A、mild温和的；B、common常见的；普遍的；C、preventable可预防的；D、serious严重的。由下一句可知此病无法治愈，只能缓解疼痛可知是“严重的”，

故答案为D。

(3)句意：此病无法治愈，只能缓解疼痛。A、cure治愈；B、luck运气；C、care关心；D、promise承诺；保证。根据后半句only pain relief可知无法“治愈”，故答案为A。

(4)句意：找不到别的解决办法，他们决定徒步旅行，因为他们看到一本徒步旅行者指南。A、business商业；

B、walking步行；

C、bus公交车；

D、rail铁路。根据hiker可知是步行，故答案为B。

(5)句意：这是一段漫长的旅行，有着难以习惯的艰难和令人意想不到的恢复。A、expected预期的；B、frightening令人害怕的；C、disappointing令人失望的；D、surprising令人吃惊的。根据下文可知Moth通过徒步旅行很快地恢复了，所以让人感到惊讶，故答案为D。

(6) 句意：离开家的时候，他们只有银行里的320英镑的存款，他们计划保持较低的预算，靠吃煮面条为生。

A、budget预算；

B、revenue收益；

C、compensation补偿；

D、allowance津贴。因为钱少，所以预算紧张，故答案为A。

(7) 句意：主要吃面条，偶尔吃一顿汉堡。A、frequent频繁的；B、occasional偶尔的；C、abundant充裕的；D、constant连续的。句中的treat意思是“款待”，结合前文by living on boiled noodles可知“偶尔”汉堡算是款待自己，故答案为B。

(8) 句意：野营在英国是非法的。A、unpopular不受欢迎的；B、lawful法定的；C、attractive吸引人的；D、illegal非法的。根据下文To avoid being caught可知，故答案为D。

(9)句意：为了避免被抓住，Winn夫妇不得不很晚才支起帐篷，大清早就把帐篷收起来。A、soon很快；B、early早的；C、late晚的；D、slowly慢地。后半句early in the morning 对应，故答案为C。

(10)句意：Winn夫妇很快发现现在他们50多岁时的远足比记忆中20多岁时远足要困难的多。A、harder更难的；B、easier更容易的；C、cheaper更便宜的；D、funnier更搞笑的。根据常识推理可知，故答案为A。

(11)句意：Raynor浑身疼痛，渴望洗个澡。A、rolled滚动；B、bled流血；C、ached疼痛；D、trembled颤抖。通过逻辑进行排除，长时间走路当然会引起身上疼痛，故答案为C。

(12)句意：同时，Moth经过最初的挣扎之后，发现通过每天疲劳的旅行自己身上的症状莫名地减轻了。A、struggle挣扎；努力；B、progress进步；C、excitement兴奋；D、research研究。根据前文描述50多岁了

徒步旅行很难，所以开始时是“挣扎”过来的，故答案为A。

(13)句意：发现通过每天疲劳的旅行自己身上的症状莫名地减轻了。A、developed发展；B、controlled控制；C、reduced减少；D、increased增加。由下文their bodies turned for the better可知疾病症状减轻，故

答案为C。

(14)句意：最终，这对夫妇发现他们的身体变得好多了。A、Initially 最初；B、Eventually最终；C、

Temporarily 暂时；D、Consequently结果。通过前面描述所经历的困难，此处说明远足的效果，故答案为B。

(15)句意：重新获得了曾经以为永远失去了的肌肉。A、gained获得；B、kept 保持；C、wounded 受伤；D、lost失去。由句意，故答案为D。

(16)句意：我们的头发干枯、散乱，指甲破裂，衣衫褴褛，但是我们还活着。A、sewn缝纫；B、washed洗；

C、worn穿坏；

D、ironed熨烫。根据本句前部分的描述可知此处描述衣衫破烂，故答案为C。

(17) 句意：在旅途中，Raynor开始了一个当自然作家的职业。她写道：“无家可归，我们失去了所有物质的东西。A、Doctors 医生；B、Hiking远足；C、Lawyers法律；D、Homelessness无家可归。根据前文可在投

资失败使他们变得一无所有，故答案为D。

(18) 句意：（无家可归）给我留下了一本还没写完的书，还剩下破损的一页空白。A、well好；B、partly部分地；C、neatly整洁的；D、originally原始地。此处指Raynor在旅途中被翻破的没有写完的书，故答案为B。

(19) 句意：这也给我了一个选择，要么这一页继续空着，要么继续用希望书写这个故事。A、choice选择；

B、reward奖励；回报；

C、promise承诺；

D、break打破。根据后面的either……or结构可知此处表示对今

后生活的一种”选择“。故答案为A。

(20) 句意：要么这一页继续空着，要么继续用希望书写这个故事。A、loose松的；B、full满的；C、blank

空白的；D、missing不见的；失踪的。由下文的or to keep writing可知，故答案为C。

【点评】这是一个励志故事，传递出面对人生逆境乐观以对的人生态度。注重考查考生在掌握文章主旨大

意和正确理解语篇内在逻辑关系的基础上，准确使用动词、名词、形容词、副词等的能力。文章语篇结构

清晰紧凑，考生需要借助故事的几个要素进行情节的梳理和主旨的把握，理顺文本所要表达的内在逻辑，

答案都可以在上下文中找到。对考生的语篇能力要求较高。这就要求学生能借助语篇的上下文线索以及文

化背景知识等进行解题，阅读过程中体会作者的写作意图。

2018年高考英语真题分类汇编专题12：议论文类阅读理解

2018年高考英语真题分类汇编专题12：议论 文类阅读理解 一、阅读理解 1. （2018?卷Ⅱ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 D We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence. What's the problem? It's possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging, or we think it's annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits. Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. "Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk," he explains. "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them." In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. "It's not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband," says Dunn. "But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also." Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense

【分析】2018年高考英语全国3卷真题

〖解密〗2018年高考英语全国III卷真题解析 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A

Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens Visitor Information How to Get to Holker By Car: Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere — 20 minutes, Kendal — 25 minutes, Lancaster — 45 minutes, Manchester — 1 hour 30 minutes. By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports. Opening Times Sunday —Friday (closed on Saturday) 11:00am —4:00pm, 30th March —2nd November. Admission Charges Hall & Gardens Gardens Adults: ￡12.00 ￡8.00 Groups: ￡9.00 ￡5.50 Special Events Producers’ Market13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas. Holker Garden Festival 30th May The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening. National Garden Day 28th August

2018年高考数学试题分类汇编-向量

1 2018高考数学试题分类汇编—向量 一、填空题 1.（北京理6改）设a ，b 均为单位向量，则“33-=+a b a b ”是“a ⊥b ”的_________条件（从“充分而不必要”、“必要而不充分条件”、“充分必要”、“既不充分也不必要”中选择） 1.充分必要 2.（北京文9）设向量a =（1,0），b =（?1,m ）,若()m ⊥-a a b ，则m =_________. 2．-1 3.（全国卷I 理6改）在ABC △中，AD 为BC 边上的中线，E 为AD 的中点，则EB = _________. （用,AB AC 表示） 3．3144 AB AC - 4.（全国卷II 理4）已知向量a ，b 满足||1=a ，1?=-a b ，则(2)?-=a a b _________. 4．3 5.（全国卷III 理13．已知向量()=1,2a ，()=2,2-b ，()=1,λc ．若()2∥c a+b ，则λ=________． 5. 12 6.（天津理8)如图，在平面四边形ABCD 中，AB BC ⊥，AD CD ⊥，120BAD ∠=?，1AB AD ==. 若点E 为边CD 上的动点，则AE BE ?uu u r uu u r 的最小值为_________. 6. 2116 7.（天津文8）在如图的平面图形中，已知 1.2,120OM ON MON ==∠= ,2,2,BM MA CN NA == 则· BC OM 的值为_________. 7.6- 8.（浙江9）已知a ，b ，e 是平面向量，e 是单位向量．若非零向量a 与e 的夹角为π 3，向量b 满足b 2?4e · b +3=0，则|a ?b |的最小值是_________. 8.3?1 9.（上海8）.在平面直角坐标系中，已知点(1,0)A -，(2,0)B ，E 、F 是y 轴上的两个动点，且2EF = ，则AE BF ? 的最小值为_________. 9.-3

2001届-2018届北京市18年高考英语真题试卷题型分类专题汇编--阅读理解A篇--学生版(已校对)

第三部分：阅读理解(共25小题。A节每小题2分, B节每小题1分;满分45分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项中, 选出一个最佳答案。 A Every year thousands of tourists visit Pompeii, Italy. They see the sights that Pompeii is famous for--its stadium(运动场)and theaters, its shops and restaurants. The tourists do not, however, see Pompeii's people. They do not see them because Pompeii has no people. No one has lived in Pompeii for almost 2000 years. Once, Pompeii was a busy city of 22000 people. It lay at the foot of Mount Vesuvius, a grass-covered volcano(火山).Mount Vesuvius had not erupted (喷发)for centuries, so the people of Pompeii felt safe. But they were not. In August of AD 79, Mount Vesuvius erupted. The entire top of the mountain exploded, and a huge black cloud rose into the air. Soon stones and hot ash began to fall on Pompeii. When the eruption ended two days later, Pompeii was buried under 20 feet of stones and ashes. Almost all of its people were dead. For centuries, Pompeii lay buried under stone and ash.Then, in the year 1861, an Italian scientist named Ginseppe began to uncover Pompeii. Slowly, carefully, Ginseppe and his men dug. The city looked almost the same as it had looked in AD 79. There were streets and fountains, houses and shops. There was a stadium with 20000 seats. Perhaps the most important of all, there were everyday objects, which tell us a great deal about the people who lived in Pompeii. Many glasses and jars had some dark blue colour in the bottom, so we know that the people of Pompeii liked wine. They liked bread, too; metal bread pans were in every bakery. In one bakery there were 81 round, flat loaves of bread- a type of bread that is still sold in Italy today. Tiny boxes filled with a dark, shiny powder tell us that women like to wear eye-makeup. Ginseppe has died, but his work continues. One-fourth has not been uncovered yet. Scientists are still digging, still making discoveries that draw the tourists to Pompeii. 51.Why do large numbers of people come to Pompeii each year? A.To visit the volcano B.To shop and eat there. C.To watch sports and plays D.To see how Pompeiians lived. 52.Why had so many Pompeiians remained by volcanic Mount Vesuvius?

(完整word版)2018年高考英语真题完形填空汇编,推荐文档

2018年高考英语真题完形填空汇编 一、完形填空（共7题；共140分） 1.（2018?卷Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 1 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn't want to 2 a few dollars? More than that, I'd always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren't 3 enough about free credits, news about our 4 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which 5 I would be learning from one of the game's 6 ,I could hardly wait to 7 him. Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 8 was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he make it 9 that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 10 the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 11 what we would learn in class to our future professions and 12 , to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 13 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 14 . Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he 15 me: "The absolute most important 16 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 17 .On every single move you have to 18 a situation, process what your opponent(对手) is doing and 19 the best move from among all your options."These words still ring true today in my 20 as a journalist. 1. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down 2. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay 3. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired 4. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor 5. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant 6. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest 7. A. interciew B. meet C. challcnge D. beat 8. A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job 9. A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possible 10. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe 11. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare 12. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally 13. A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment

【高考真题】2016---2018三年高考试题分类汇编

专题01 直线运动 【2018高考真题】 1．高铁列车在启动阶段的运动可看作初速度为零的均加速直线运动,在启动阶段列车的动能（） A. 与它所经历的时间成正比 B. 与它的位移成正比 C. 与它的速度成正比 D. 与它的动量成正比 【来源】2018年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试物理（新课标I卷） 【答案】 B 2．如图所示,竖直井中的升降机可将地下深处的矿石快速运送到地面。某一竖井的深度约为104m,升降机运行的最大速度为8m/s,加速度大小不超过,假定升降机到井口的速度为零,则将矿石从井底提升到井口的最短时间是 A. 13s B. 16s C. 21s D. 26s 【来源】浙江新高考2018年4月选考科目物理试题 【答案】 C

【解析】升降机先做加速运动,后做匀速运动,最后做减速运动,在加速阶段,所需时间 ,通过的位移为,在减速阶段与加速阶段相同,在匀速阶段所需时间为：,总时间为：,故C正确,A、B、D错误；故选C。 【点睛】升降机先做加速运动,后做匀速运动,最后做减速运动,根据速度位移公式和速度时间公式求得总时间。 3．（多选）甲、乙两汽车同一条平直公路上同向运动,其速度—时间图像分别如图中甲、乙两条曲线所示。已知两车在t2时刻并排行驶,下列说法正确的是（） A. 两车在t1时刻也并排行驶 B. t1时刻甲车在后,乙车在前 C. 甲车的加速度大小先增大后减小 D. 乙车的加速度大小先减小后增大 【来源】2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试物理（全国II卷） 【答案】 BD 点睛：本题考查了对图像的理解及利用图像解题的能力问题

4．（多选）地下矿井中的矿石装在矿车中,用电机通过竖井运送至地面。某竖井中矿车提升的速度大小v随时间t的变化关系如图所示,其中图线①②分别描述两次不同的提升过程,它们变速阶段加速度的大小都相同；两次提升的高度相同,提升的质量相等。不考虑摩擦阻力和空气阻力。对于第①次和第②次提升过程, A. 矿车上升所用的时间之比为4:5 B. 电机的最大牵引力之比为2:1 C. 电机输出的最大功率之比为2:1 D. 电机所做的功之比为4:5 【来源】2018年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试物理（全国III卷） 为2∶1,选项C正确；加速上升过程的加速度a1=,加速上升过程的牵引力F1=ma1+mg=m(+g),减速上升过程的加速度a2=-,减速上升过程的牵引力F2=ma2+mg=m(g -),匀速运动过程的牵引力F 3=mg。第次提升过程做功W1=F1××t0×v0+ F2××t0×v0=mg v0t0；第次提升过 程做功W2=F1××t0×v0+ F3×v0×3t0/2+ F2××t0×v0 =mg v0t0；两次做功相同,选项D错误。

2018年高考英语(全国I卷)试题及参考答案(word版)

绝密★启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman? A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave? A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30. 4. How does the woman go to work? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 英语试题第1页（共14页）

2018年高考英语真题专题汇编从句

2018年高考英语真题专题汇编 从句 1.【2018·北京】 2. _________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. A. Although B. While C. If D. Until 【答案】C 点睛：条件状语从句通常由引导词if或unless引导。条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中的动作），其它事情（主句中的动作）才能发生，通常译作“假如”。 2.【2018·北京】5. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.[来源:https://www.wendangku.net/doc/419320969.html,] A. which B. who C. as D. that 【答案】A 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“____ helps them keep fit” 是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which 引导。A选项正确。 点睛：非限制性定语从句即可修饰主句的一部分，也可以修饰整个主句。其引导词的选择和限制性定语从 句的判断规则一致，即：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。需要注意的是，that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。 3.【2018·北京】8. In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need. A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed 【答案】A 【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使 你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子，选项中 只有动词原形可以构成祈使句，其余的都是非谓语动词，无法构成句子。故A选项正确。 点睛：祈使句+and/or+陈述句是一种常见结构。当前后两部分间为承接关系时，用and；前后意思为相反关 系时，用or。该句式中的陈述句部分常用一般将来时态。

2018年高考题分类汇编之立体几何

2018年数学高考题分类汇编之立体几何 1．【2018年浙江卷】已知四棱锥S?ABCD的底面是正方形，侧棱长均相等，E是线段AB上的点（不含端点），设SE与BC所成的角为θ1，SE与平面ABCD所成的角为θ2，二面角S?AB?C的平面角为θ3，则 A. θ1≤θ2≤θ3 B. θ3≤θ2≤θ1 C. θ1≤θ3≤θ2 D. θ2≤θ3≤θ1 2．【2018年浙江卷】某几何体的三视图如图所示（单位：cm），则该几何体的体积（单位：cm3）是 A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8 3．【2018年文北京卷】某四棱锥的三视图如图所示，在此四棱锥的侧面中，直角三角形的个数为 A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D.4 4．【2018年新课标I卷文】在长方体中，，与平面所成的角为，则该长方体的体积为 A. B. C. D. 5．【2018年新课标I卷文】已知圆柱的上、下底面的中心分别为，，过直线的平面截该圆柱所得的截面是面积为8的正方形，则该圆柱的表面积为 A. B. C. D. 6．【2018年全国卷Ⅲ文】设是同一个半径为4的球的球面上四点，为等边三角形且其面积为，则三棱锥体积的最大值为 A. B. C. D. 7．【2018年全国卷Ⅲ文】中国古建筑借助榫卯将木构件连接起来，构件的凸出部分叫榫头，凹进部分叫卯眼，图中木构件右边的小长方体是榫头．若如图摆放的木构件与某一带卯眼的木构件咬合成长方体，则咬合时带卯眼的木构件的俯视图可以是 A. A B. B C. C D. D 8．【2018年全国卷II文】在正方体中，为棱的中点，则异面直线与所成角的正切值为 A. B. C. D. 9．【2018年天津卷文】如图，已知正方体ABCD–A1B1C1D1的棱长为1，则四棱柱A1–BB1D1D的体积为 __________． 10．【2018年江苏卷】如图所示，正方体的棱长为2，以其所有面的中心为顶点的多面体的体积为________．

2018年高考英语全国2卷真题及答案(word版)

绝密★启用前 2018年全国普通高等学校统一考试（全国2卷）

英语试题 第二部阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Summer Activities Students should read the list with their parents/carers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/ carers will be asked to sign to confirm their children’s choices.

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