初中英语语法专项习题1名词
初中英语语法专项习题1名词
初中英语语法专项习题
一、名词（n.）表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词（一）名词的分类
名词分为普通名词和专有名词,其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数。可数名词包括个体名词（表示一类人或物的个体。如：boy,desk,cat,window）和集体名词（由若干
个体组成的集合体。如：family,class,police）。
不可数名词包括物质名词（表示无法分为个体的实物。如：water,paper,silk,money）和抽象名词（表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它抽象概念。如：work,happiness,music,difficulty,housework）
专有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。如：Tom,the Great Wall,the Spring Festival,France,the United States）（二）名词的数
1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种：
（1）一般情况下,在词尾加s.
eg.book——books,dog——dogs,pen——pens,boy——boy
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eg.photo（photograph）——photos,kilo（kilogram）kilos ⑤zero变复数时，既可加s,也可加eg.zeros／zeroes （5）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,先把f或fe变为v,再加es. eg.wife——wives,leaf
leaves,half——halves,knife—knives,thief——thieves（res 读音为[vz]
（注意：roof的复数为roofs；scarf的复数为scarfs／scarves）
（6）有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es,而是变换其中的字
eg.man——men,woman——women,policeman——police men,Englishman——Englishmen,Frenchman——French men, foot——feet, tooth——teeth, child——children,mouse—mice,Ox—Oxen（公牛）（7）还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。
eg.Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish
（8）另一些名词本身即是复数形式，不可用作单数。eg,people,police,trousers,pants,clothes,scissors
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另外,①当一个名词作定语说明另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。
eg.an apple tree,five apple trees,a girl friend,two girl friends,a twin sister
但是，当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时，就要用其复数形式。
eg.two men teachers,three women doctors
②可用“量词+of+名词复数”这一结构表示可数名词的数量。
eg.a room Of students,two boxes Of pencils
2.不可数名词一般没有复数形式，它的“量”的表示方式如下。
（1）表不定数量时,一般用much,（a）little,a lot of／lots of,some,any等词修饰。
eg,much money,a little bread
（2）表确定数量时,一般用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词。如：two／three／…+量词复数十of+不可数名词。
eg.a bag Of rice,two glasses Of milk,four bottles Of water 3.有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，但词义有
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所不同。
eg：fruit水果——fruits表示不同种类的水果；food食物——foods各种食品；fish鱼——fishes鱼的种类；drink饮料、酒——a drink一杯／一份饮料、一杯酒；cloth布——,a cloth桌布、抹布；sand沙——sands沙滩；tea茶——a tea一杯茶；chicken鸡肉——a chicken小鸡；orange 橘汁——an orange橘子；glass玻璃——a glass玻璃杯,glasses眼镜；paper纸——a paper试卷、论文；wood 木头——a wood小森林；room空间、余地——a room房间
（三）名词的所有格（表示人或物的所属关系）
（1）有生命的名词所有格以及表示时间、距离、城镇、国家等的名词所有格。
①不是以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，在词尾加’s.
eg.Mike’s watch；Women’s Day
②以s结尾的名词变成所有格时,只加’。
eg.teachers’office,students’ro oms
③两个或两个以上名词并列,表示共同所有，只需在最后一个名词后加’s.
eg.Tom and Mike’s room汤姆和迈克的房间（表示汤姆和
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迈克共有一间房）
④两个或两个以上名词并列，表示分别所有，需在几个名词后都加’s.
eg.Mary’s and Jenny’s bikes玛丽和詹妮的自行车（表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车）
（2）无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构
eg.a map Of China,the beginning Of this game,the door Of the room
（3）特殊形式
①可用’s和of短语表示的名词所有格
eg.the boy’s name=the name Of the boy（男孩的名字）the dog’s legs=the legs of the dog（狗的腿）
China’s population=the population Of China（中国的人口）
China’s capital=the capital of China（中国的首都）
②双重所有格
eg.a fiend of my mother’s我妈妈的一个朋友
a pictur e of Tom’s汤姆的一张图片
练习题 1.
( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths
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test.
A. makes a few mistake
B. made a few mistakes
C. made few mistakes
D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please?
A. potato
B. potatos
C. potatoes
D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things.
A.Knife/used
B. Knives/used
B.C. Knife/using D. Knives/using
( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has!
A. tooth
B. teeth
C. tooths
D. toothes
( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___.
A. leafs
B. leaves
C. leaf
D. leave
( ) 6 -Can we have some ___?-Yes, please.
A. banana
B. oranges
C.apple
D. pear
( ) 7 On the table there are five____.
A.tomatos
B. piece of tomatoes
C. tomatoes
D. tomato
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( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit.
A.some advices
B.someadvice
C.an advice
D.a advice
( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad.
A. some news
B. a news
C. the news P. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is!
A. /
B. the
C. an
D. a
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( ) 1 -Would you like___tea?
-No, thanks. I have drunk two____.
A. any, bottles of orange
B. some, bottles of orange
C. many, bottles of oranges
D. few, bottle of oranges
( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat.
A. two breads
B. two piece of bread
C. two pieces of bread
D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:___ to draw the nice horse.
A. sometimes
B. hour
C. long time
D. some time ( ) 4 I would like to have___.
A. two glasses of milk
B. two glass of milk I
C. two glasses of milks
D. two glass of milks
( ) 5 Can you give me ____?
A. a tea
B. some cup of tea
C. a cup tea
D. a cup of
tea
( ) 6 Please give me ___ paper. A. one B. a piece C.
a D. a piece of
( ) 7 John bought___for himself yesterday.
A. two pairs of shoes
B. two pair of shoe
C. two
pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes
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( ) 1 -How many ____ have you got on your farm?
-I've got five.
A. sheeps
B. sheep
C. pig
D. chicken
( ) 2 Some ___ came to our school for a visit that day.
A. Germans
B. Germen
C. Germany
D.
Germanies
( ) 3 In the picture there are many____ and two.
A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps; foxes
B. sheeps; fox D. sheep;foxs
( ) 4 A group of______ will visit the museum tomorrow.
A. Hungarian
B. Australian
C. Japanese
D.
American
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( ) 1 This table is made of___.
A. many glass
B. glasses
C. some glasses
D. glass
( ) 2 -What would you like to have for lunch, sir?
-I'd like____. !
A. chicken
B. a chicken
C. chickens
D. the chicken
( )3 Children should make____for old people in a bus.
A. room
B. a room
C. rooms
D. the room
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( ) 1 Tables are made of___.
A. wood
B. some woods
C. wooden
D. woods
( ) 2 I wonder why ______ are so interested in action (武打片) films.
A. people
B. peoples
C. the people
D. the peoples
( ) 3I have read____ of the young writer.
A. works
B. work
C. this works
D. the works
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( ) 1 Let's meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of___?
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A. the People's Park
B. the Peoples' Park
C. the People Park
D. People's Park
( ) 2 ___ Chinese people are ___ hard working people.
A. /; a
B. We; the
C. The; the
D. The; a
( ) 3 How many were there in the street when the accident happened?
A. policeman
B. polices
C. police
D. peoples
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( ) 1 If these trousers are too big, buy a smaller____.
A. set
B. one
C. piece
D. pair
( ) 2 Last week I bought a TV____.
A. pair .
B. set
C. piece
D. block
( ) 3 There is a of wood left on the ground.
A. cup
B. piece ,
C. box
D. pair
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( ) 1 There are sixty-seven___ in our school.
A.women's teacher
B. women teachers
B.C. woman teachers D. women teacher
( ) 2 There are five___in our factory.
A.woman driver B, women driver
C. woman drivers
D. women drivers
( ) 3 These ____ were sent to the villages to help the farmers.
A.women doctor
B. women doctors
C. woman doctors
D. woman doctor
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( ) 1 They write most of their___ in English.
A.business letter
B. business letters
C. businesses
D. businesses letters
( ) 2 We came to a ___ at last .and went in.
A.watch shop
B. watches shop
C. watching shop
D. watchs shop
( ) 3 This shop sells apples, bananas and things like these. It's a___.
A.food shop
B. book shop
C. fruit shop
D. vegetable shop
( ) 4 She broke a___while she was washing up. A.glass of wine B. glass for wine
C. glass wine
D. wine glass
( ) 5 I've forgotten both of the____.
A.room numbers .
B. rooms number
C. rooms numbers
D. room number
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1. September 10th is____in China.
A. Teacher's Day
B. Teachers'Day
C. Teacher Day
D. Teachers Day
( ) 2 -Is the broom under ____ desk? -No, it's under____.
A.the teacher's; my
B. teacher's; mine
C. teacher's; me
D. the teacher's; mine
( ) 3 Excuse me, where is the___?
A. men's room
B. mens' room
C. men's rooms
D.
men rooms
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( ) 1 The football under the bed is____.
A. Lily and Lucy
B. Lily's and Lucy's
C. Lily's
and Lucy D. Lily and Lucy's
( ) 2 This is my____dictionary.
A. sister Mary
B. sister's
C. sister, Mary's
D.
sister's Mary's
( ) 3 He went to ___ shop to buy a shirt.
A. a tailor
B. the tailor
C. a tailors
D. the tailors'
( ) 4 Joan is____.
A. Mary's and Jack sister
B. Mary and Jack's
sister
C. Mary and Jack sister
D. Mary's and Jack's
sister
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( ) 1 In a few____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.
A. year
B. years'
C. year's
D. years
( ) 2 It's about ___ walk from my house.
A. ten minute
B. ten minutes'
C. ten minute's
D.
ten minutes
( ) 3 The post office is a bit far from here. It's
about_____.
A. thirty minutes's walk
B. thirty minute's walk
C. thirty minutes' walk
D. thirty minutes walk
( ) 4 Half___ telephone calls are made in English.
A. the world
B. world
C. the world's
D. world's
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( ) 1 ____ face to the south.
A. Windows of the room
B. The windows of the
room
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C. The room's windows
D. The windows in room ( ) 2 Please take two___.
A. picture of the park
B. pictures of the park
C. the pictures of a park
D. picture of a park ( ) 3 The workers are repairing____.
A. the roof of the house
B. a roof of the house
C. roof of the house
D. this roof of house
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( ) 1 Miss Smith is a friend of____.
A. Mary's mother's
B. Mary's mother
C. mother's of Mary
D. Mary mothers
( ) 2 This is a book of ___.
A. Tom
B. Tom's
C. her
D. him
( ) 3 The post card is sent by ____.
A. a friend of my father
B. a friend of my father's
C. my father friend
D. my father friend's
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( ) 1 Sydney is a city of___.
A. America
B. Germany
C. Australia
D. Japan ( ) 2 My father likes buying us ___.
A. cars
B. flowers
C. peasants
D. presents
( ) 3 In England, the last name is the ___.
A. full name
B. family name
C. middle name
D.
given name
( ) 4 Mr Gao is a teacher. He works in a new____.
A. shop
B. school
C. factory
D. hospital
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( ) 1 My father is a____. He works in a hospital.
A. teacher
B. doctor
C. farmer
D. soldier
( ) 2 -Which animal lives only in China?
-The____.
A. tiger
B. monkey
C. panda
D. elephant
( ) 3 April come before___and after___.
A. March; May
B. May; March
C. June; May
D. March; February
( ) 4 Which of the following is right?
A. China has a large population.
B. China has
much population.
C. China has many populations.
D. China has a
great deal of population.
( ) 5 Please do like this. Fold the paper____ and cut along the fold.
A. into pieces
B. in half
C. on halves
D. to half
( ) 6 You played the violin wonderfully. Will you please play another____?
A. one
B. game
C. programme
D. piece
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参考答案：
1. 1-7 C C B B B B C
2. 1-4 C B C A
3. 1-7 B C D A D D A
4. 1-4 B A A C
5. 1-3 D A A
6. 1-3 A A D
7. 1-3 A D C
8. 1-3 D B B
9. 1-3 B D B
10. 1-5 B A C D A
11. 1-3 B D A
12. 1-4 D C C B
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13. 1-4 B B C C
14. 1-3 B B A
15. 1-3 A B B
16. 1-4 C D B B
17. 1-6 B C B A B D
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