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船长面试常见问题及参考答案

船长面试常见问题及参考答案
船长面试常见问题及参考答案

第一章船长面试问题及参考答案

1.can you tell me about your educational background?

2.what is the classification society? What is the purpose of classification survey? Please list

some famous classification societies in the world.

A classification society is usually an independent organization that carries out classification surveys, statutory surveys, surveys related to notarial matters for ships, offshore installations, marine freight containers, materials and marine equipment. It also provides safety management certification survey is to evaluate the situation of a ship and the management of a company and its ship.

Some of the famous classification societies are: NK, CCS, ABS, DNV, SL, GL, KR, RINA

3.can you talk about the previous vessels you worked on board?

Please ref er to an master’s self-introduction in part one of this book.

4.what type of cargo was carried on board your last vessel?

Bulk cargo: cement, cement clicker, nickel, ore, iron, sand, phosphorus rock, potash in bulk, salt, grain, pet coke, coal etc.

General cargo: vehicle, loader, wagon, heavy lifts, over-length cargo, mine equipment, steel construction material..

Other: log, plywood, container, and so on.

5.where was your last vessel’s trading area? Which ports have you called?

I have rich experience in calling the ports in the us, some development countries and in the

passage through the suez canal, panama canal, and Denver strait, and denmark strait.

Some useful expressions for trading areas: ocean going, wild widely, globally, worldwide.

Fixed route.

6.can you tell me the differences between the Chinese stateowned shipping companies and

foreign shipping companies?

Basically, in my opinion, there are not big differences at all. It seems to me that foreign owners are more concerned about the master’s overriding authority on board while the chinese shipping companies tend to ask their local agents to do more for the vessel. Another major difference between them is Chinese and the working language on board is Chinese. What’s more, most of the Chinese owners use the CCS for classification while foreign owners may use different classification societies.

7.in case of cargo damage, for example, before the vessel arrives at the discharging port,

you find the quality of the surface cargo has changed, how would you handle it?

I have to look into the reason and volume of the damage first, and then I’ll contact the

owner for instruction. In the event of small quantity of grain, I shall just throw it into the sea to avoid disputes. Or I will follow the owner’s instruc tion. to co ntact it’s the P&I correspondent or local agent for their advice.

If necessary, I’ll prepare a sea protest to claim that the ship owner and the crew have exercised their due diligence.

8.how do you understand the master’s overriding authority under emergency situations?

If the situation and time permit, the master should always report to the company first before taking actions. However, when the ship is in immediate danger, the master shall exercise行使

his overriding authority and take whatever actions necessary in dealing with an emergency situation in order to protect the safety of the seafarers, the cargo, the vessel, the port and the environment without considering too much the demends of the ship owner and the charterer.

nevertheless, the master should report to the company in detail what has happened after the event.

9.can you tell me about your experience as a captain?

Hints提示: your experience may include such things as the duration you have worked as a captain, the places or ports you have ever been to, the types of vessels you hve ever served, the types of cargo you have ever experienced, the management styles on the vessels, and so on.

Please also refer to chapter one for more detailed answers.

10.what is the master’s standing order?

It is basically the master’s own set of instruction and orders for the vessel operation. The contents may include the watch-keeping duties for the officers, when to ask for order from the master, the port entry procedure, and how to deal with emergency situations like oil pollution, fire disaster, collision, grounding, as well as when to call the master to the bridge, and so on.

For special vessel ( tank, LPG液化石油气体(LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS) or car carriers, etc. ) the standing orders may have some more contents.

11.how do you understand the importance of keeping good and harmonious和谐、和睦、协

调relationship with the chief engineer and other officers and engineers?

Without harmonious relationship with the chief engineer and the other officers and engineers, the master cannot manage the ship well. But how can the master achieve it? First of all, the master must have close contact with the department heads because the daily management is delegated to them although the master himself is responsible for the overall safety and personnel management. Secondly, the master him self must know his job well and know when to do what and how. Thirdly, the master should be very strict in himself in discipline and behaviopr. Fourthly, he should be fair in assignment, pay distribution and other daily management. But if someone on board breaks the master’s order or the rules on purpose, the master will have to punish the offender and can consider firing him according to the procedure of the ship owner.

12.did you have the experience of working with foreign crews?

Yes, I have worked on four ships of mixed crew from china, china Taiwan, philipine, Vietnam, Russia, south korea, japan, burma and Ukraine.

13.how do you differentiate the Chinese crews and the philippino crews? Or how do you

like the philippino (korea, Vietnamese, indan, Burmese, Ukrainian, Russian, british etc.) seamen?

I had the experience of working with the philipino crew. The philipinos are mostly very

professional and obedient. Sometimes they are also demanding in terms of wages. As a whole, they are very nice seafarers.

14.can you tell me about the companies you have worked for? What are the differences

among these companies?

The company I have worked for the past ten years is a state-owned company. It is a good company. But the management of the company is, in some ways, different from foreign shipowners companies.

15.how is a passage/voyage plan made on board ships? What materials do you need to refer

to when you make such plans?

Usually, a passage plan should be made befor a new voyage starts. The master should give the second officer the sailing instructions and his intentions on the sailing routes and before the second officer prepares the draft plan. Then the master is supposed to check it very carefully. If something wrong is found in the passage plan, the master should ask the second officer to correct it immediately. If nothing is wrong about the draft, the plan shall be ratified and implemented.

When the second officer is making the draft plan, the master should help provide some important information sources for the second officer, such as the port entry guidance, the sailing directions, lists of lights, tidal stream tables,deep draught vessel planning guide, the IMO ship route guidance, government and port authority’s regulations, pilot charts, notice to mariner, weather information, and the voyage plan and so on..

The master should ensure that the plan covers ―berth to berth‖ area in the passage. And the master should help the second officer to select the best sailing rout that will save fuel and time, and avoid bad weather conditions.

16.can you discribe the preparation procedures before entering the US ports?

First, I must check all the certificates for the vessel and the seamen to make sure all the necessary certificates are available to deal with the customs clearances, the sanitary checks and other port checks. In addition, I must prepare such publications as currently corrected navigational charts,US costal pilot guide, light list book, tide table, US inland rules of navigational charts, US costal pilot guide, light list book, tide table, US inland rules of navigation, and recent notice to mariners.

Forty-eight hours prior to entry to a US port, I shall conduct the following emergency steering drills and log them into the record books: operation of the main steering gear from steering compartment, communication between bridge and steering compartment, and alternative power supply. I shall also inform the qualified individual of my arrival.

Twenty-four hours before arrival in a US port, the following equipment shall be tested and recorded in the log book: primary and second steering gear, internal control communications and alarms, standing-by emergency generator, and main propulsion machinery.

Drills are also the priorities of my preparatory work. Usually, the port authority of the US pays special attention to the drills. So boat drills, fire-fighting drills and other drills must be carried out before entering into any US port.

Sanitary situation of my ship is another consideration. Proper disposal of garbage on my ship and anti-pollution devices examination are very important.

All in all, much more care should be taken before entry into any US port than in the ports in other countries.

17.did you encounter any problems during PSC inspections in the US ports?

No, I have never met any big problems because I always made good preparation before my vessel called at the US port. Each time I was able to go through the PSC inspection smoothly.

Or you can say:

Yes, I once had a problem during PSC inspection in a US port. The ARPA couldn’t be activated since the power supply was out of work.. The USCG only allowed us a few hours to repair it. To their satisfaction.the ARPA was back to normal after only one hour. Lucky we

didn’t have any fine imposed on us. I understand from this experience that good preparations in advance are very important. Even if there is a problem, I will ask my crew to rectify it in the least possible time.

18.how should the pre-departure seminar be conducted in the port?

According to my experience, a safety meeting shall be held prior to departure and some of the important issues like the un-berthing operation ( including the deck and engine room ), cargo & hull lashing check, stowaway check, cooperation with the pilot and other engineering ( technical ) matters should be discussed at the meeting.

19. how should the master always be aware of the actions being taken by the pilot?

Well, it’s because the presence of the pilot on the bridge does not relieve 解除the master from taking any measures necessary to assure the safety of the ship and marine environmemt.

If he finds that the pilot’s orders are doubtful, the master has to clarify the orders immediately.

When necessary, the master shall command the ship’s navigation himself.

20.what should the master do if he is unsure about his legal standing in a foreign country or

a strange port?

He must contact the company at once for advice. He should also, if necessary, consult the local correspondent of the owner’s P&I and the local agent of the ship who can provide valuable advice and assistance.

21.what should the master do if the figures of the loaded quantity are abnomally different

from those on the bills of lading?

the master should report the case to the ship owner as soon as possible. At the discretion 判断of company, the master should prepare and send a letter of protest to the notary surveyor or terminal/port authority under the instruction of the ship owner. In such case, the master should also require further measurements and calculations to be made.

22.what contents are shown on the BILL of lading if the ship is loaded with bulk cargo?

Usually, the following items are show on the Bill of lading (B/L):

Measure, quality, quantity, condition, contents and value unknown etc.. different companies may have different fomats for their respective B/L. AB/L consists of three original copies that have the same legal validity有效性、合法性、正确性. The first copy the consignee收件人、收货人shows will deny 否认、拒绝the validity of the validity of the other two copies.

23.do you know the insurance coverage provided by a P&I club?

A P&I club is a non-profit association of ship owners that provides mutual insurance

against maritime risks. It covers the risks theat are not covered by the hull insurer, such as personel illness and injury, cargo damage, collision with another vessel, stowaways and refugees, damage to fixede or floating objects, pollution and so on.

24.could you explain what the SOLAS 74 and MARPOL 73/78 are? What is the relation

between SOLAS and ISM code?

SOLAS is the international convention for the safety of life at sea made and passed by IMO code is listed as chapter 9 of the SOLAS 74. it is to ensure safety of the ship, the seamen, the port and the cargo, as well as the marine environment.

MARPOL 73/78 is the international convention on the prevention of marine pollution. This is the most important international convention on the protection of marine environment.

25.prior to a ship’s departure, what tests should be made and logged in the ship’s log book:

some of the key test to be done before sailing:

a)steering gera test

b)ship’s clock and engine telegraph tests and harmonization协和、一致、调和

c)internal, external and portable communication equipment test

d)the whistle and navigational lights tests

e)relavant electronic position-fixing equipment ( ARPA, RADAR,GMDSS)test

f)any other tests that the master thinks necessary

26.how often at least should the emergency steering drill be held?

It should be held at least every three months. But actually事实上, the more often the drill is done, the better.

But before entering into some ports, for example, in the US where PSC inspection are very strict, it is very important to have drills prior to entry.

27.how do you maintain the minimum under keel clearance (MUKC) WHEN THE

VESSEL IS DURING PASSAGE, IN FAIRW AYS AND INSIDE PORTS?

DURING THE PASSAGE, the MUKC should be at least more than 20% of load draft; in fairway, 10% of load draft; inside the port, 10% of load draft, or as regulated by port authority.

28.what are the master’s responsibilities on garbage disposal?

The master shall ensure that the posters 张贴、海报with a summary 摘要、概要of regulations on garbage disposal at sea is clearly displayed in the ship’s galley, on the information boards and in any other places where garbage is collected prior to disposal. The master shall discuss the subject of shipboard garbage managenment with the crew at safety meetings. The master shall check the garbage disposal situation on board thoroughly十分的、彻底的from time to time. The master shall also nominate 提名、推荐、任命、命名a specific person in charge of the garbage disposal.

29.can you discribe the garbage disposal procedure on board your last vessel? How did you

classify 分类、分等the garbage on board?

Four steps should be followed: collection, processing 处理(separation), storage, and disposal.

The garbage can be divided into three kinds:

Plastics and plastic mixed with other materials:

Food and accommodation waste;

Other garbage that can not be disposed in the sea, e.g., plastic and plastic materials.

30.what are sensitive精细、敏感、灵敏cargoes as defined定义by the P&I Club?

The cargoes that are particularly明显的susceptible易受感染的to moisture潮湿、湿气and damage are called sensitive敏感的cargoes. Special attention is required for sensitive cargoes. The P&I(protection and indeminity)club defines the following cargoes as sensitive cargoes: cement, grain, and sugar and so on.

31.before the commencement of each voyage, which parts of the vessel should be checked?

Cargo hold, hatch covers, ventilation system, tank-top, hold lighting, fire fighting and detector appliances, bilge, sounding pipes, airpipes, cargo gears (hooks, grabs抢夺、获取、抓斗, slings,wires ) and the relevant machinery should be checked carefully in order to ensure seaworthiness of the vessel. After the checked, the checklists shall be filled or records shall be kept.

32.please explain the meaning of “SOPEP”? what contents should be included in the

SOPEP?

SOPEP means shipboard oil pollution emergency plan and it should contain the following:

(1)procedures to be followed by the master or other persons in charge of the ship to

report an oil pollution incident.

(2)Authority or persons to be contacted in the event of oil pollution.

(3)Detailed description of actions to be taken immediately by persons on board to

reduce or control the discharge of oil following incident.

(4)List of oil spill response equipment and material to be maintened on board.

( removers搬运工、去除剂, spryer, oil absorbent吸收剂brooms扫除, portable

pump, protective clothing, portable containers ).

Simply speaking, SOPEP should include such things as emergency contacts

( telephone and other means of communication, address, etc.), the equipment used

in dealing with oil pollution, the muster list in the oil pollution, and the report

procedure when the accident happens, etc.

33.what preparations should you make before entry into a port?

(1)to gather the necessary information on the state and destination port authority

requirements related to pilotage, berthing, customs clearance and port quarantine

inspection, etc.;

(2)to make sure of an orderly slow-down of the main engine, and ask the duty officer

to give the ETA and the time the ship is expected to be on maneuvering speed to the

duty engineer;

(3)the main engine is to be tested in the astern mode and the master should know that

in some countries (e.g.,in US), before entry into port, entire test of the navigational

equipment and main engine is required;

(4)to ask the duty officers to ensure that the right flags, signals, or lights are show;

(5)to facilitate the machinery maintenance, the master should give the C/E an

indication of ETB and ETD immedetiately after the arrival at an anchorage or berth.

34.what should a muster list include? What kinds of muster list did you have on the vessel?

A muster list should include the following poits:

(1)details of emergency alarm signal;

(2)how abandonship order will be signal;

(3)substitudes for the key personal who may become disabled;

(4)The boat to which each a person belongs and general duties during various

emergencies;

(5)any additional or specific duties;

(6)specific assembly point of each group.

(7)The specific group to which a person belongs and general duties during various

emergencies.

The muster list must be ready before a ship sails.

We had the following muster lists on board the last vessel: general emergency, fire

fighting, fire in the engine, emergency steering, abandon –ship, man overboard, oil

pollution prevention station.

35.when your ship is involved in an oil pollution incident, whom do you report it to?

According to the ISM code and MARPOL, the incident should be immediately reported

to the nearest coastal state, and the ship owner without any delay. A report should also be submitted to the flag state..

36.do you allow cargo discharge without being shown the B/L?

definitely no. the B/L is the legal evidence of the cargo,s ownership. However, the cargo can be discharged if the consignee shows a letter of indemnity approved by the ship owner confirming the authenticity of the documents.

37.how do you understand shipboard training?

It is a very important thing on board. Routine training on safety on safety of the vessel, the cargo, and the seamen should be carried out periodically. Training to new joiners is also important. They should be briefed on emergency procedures, anti-pollution, safety equipment familiarization, ship operational training and working skills.

38.how can you maintain a balance of interests between the ship-owner and the charterer?

Well, this is a difficult question. My opinion is that the owner,s interests should always be prioritized. But you know, sometimes the master is under heavy pressure from both the owner and the charterer. My experience is that the charter,s interests should be taken good care of without hurting the interests of the owner and the crew.

39.what do you know about the internal and external audit? During the internal audit, how

will you cooperate with the auditors?

Usually, the internal audit is carried out once or twice a year in accordance with the owner,s SMS manuals. It is under the charge of the designated person (DP), or at the discretion of the DP.

After receiving audit nitice from the company, the master should hold a pre-audot meeting with the officers and engineers after receiving the audit nitice. The mater should make sure that the best cooperation is provided to the auditors of the company and the documents to be audited are well Prepared.

Then external audit is carried out by the professional auditors from the class. If major non-conformities, non-conformities and observations are found either in the internal or external audit, the ship should make rectification in the stipulated time.

40.can you briefly describe the hand-over procedure detween the outgoing master and the

receiving master?

Usually, the handover procedure is as follows:

First, the outgoing master should prepare a handover report as per the company’s handover procedure and checklist.

Second, the outgoing master should prepare a handover memo to be attached to the report.

The following should be the highlights in the handover procedure: documentation, communication( the means to contact all related persons and companies), bridge equipment, stores and accounts, personnal, ship maintenance and conditions etc. besides , it is also very important to give the relieving master a clear idea of the personel, the local agent, the piort and some othe information that are not written in the cheklist. Try to fill in the chek list at the presence of both masters.

41.what is the relationship between the master and the chief engineer? Or what kind of

relation should the master and the chief engineer have?

The master is the NO.1 leader of the ship, responsible for the whole vesswel and the chief

engineer is one subordinate of the master. The chief engineer is in full charge of the engine department. The master gives the chief engineer full n power to manage his department. In the mentime, it is also important for the master to offer support and help to the chief engineer in his implemention of duties. Anyway, smooth cooperation and harmonious relationship between the master and the chief engineer is very important to the safe operation of the vessel.

42.what should the ship’s nigh t orders include? How often do you prepare the night orders?

Does well-prepared night orders mean you can have a good sleep?

The ship’s night orders should include such information as sailing course, anti-collision warning, some precautions, watch keeping points, dangerouse cargo orders, sailing warning in special areas etc. the master should prepare a night order every night before he goes to sleep.

Even I have well prepared night orders, I shall still be on high alert when the vessel is sailing in some dangerouse areas (i.e. areas with low visibility, some narrow straits, along the seacoast and the pending arrival at the port, etc.)

43.when new crew come on board, what training will you offer to them?

First, I will get them familiar with the whole vessel, including the equipment, the personel and document. Second, I will ask them to get familiar with their respective duties.

Third, I will get them trained on the safe operation and emergency procedures and so on.

44.what are the three grades of bulk carriers according to their size?

Generally, they are classified in to three types: handy size, pananmax size and cape size.

he handy size bulker is less than 60,000 tons in deadweight tonnage. The panamax size bulker is between 60,000 to 70,000 tons, usually carrying usual cargoes such as coal, bauxite(铝土矿),borax (硼砂),cement,grain,tapioca,copra (椰子肉),pellet, lime stone and so on. The cape size is pmore than 80,000 in deadweight tonnage, and 106 feet in breadth, and the cargo usually carried by this type of a bulker are iron ore, pellet, and coal.

45.how do you know that the sea chart is up-to-date? How do you get the latest notice to

mariner?

I need to check the charts correction log and the charts concerned to make sure the chart

is updated.

Normally the company sends the nitice to mariner periodically and automatically to the ship. I will send a requisition to the company if the notice to mariner is not being received. 46.what is the DCPA during passage, in fairway, in the strait, and inside port?

At sea, the closest point of approach (DCPA) is two miles; in the strait, the shortest distance between the two ships is the new course distance. The safe anti-collision clearance between two vessels also depends on such factors as weather condition, the sizes of the two vessels and so on..

47.how do you treat the engine bilge water?

The engine bilge water can by no means be pumped out into the sea directly. If it has to be pumped out, it must be properly treated through the oily water separator.

If there is too much engine bilge water, the chief engineer will report it to me. I will then ask for instructions from the owner. With the owner’s approval and confirmation, the bilge water may be transferred into the fuel oil tank or ask for shore assistance.

48.do you khow something about the ILO? What is ILO 147? Do you have any experience

with ITF? What is your policy in dealing with them and what is your company’s policy in dealing with them?

The ILO is the iternational labour organization and the ITF is the international federation for transport workers.

ILO convention 147 is the merchant shipping (minimum standards) convention, 1976 (No. 147) (and its protocol of 1996). This rule is made by the international labor organization conference. In this convention, the minimum internationally acceptable labor standards for seamen in merchant ships are stipulated. Convention No. 147 requires the flag state to adopt minimum standards relating to safety, social scurity, and shipboard conditions of employment and living arrangements to be observed in merchant shipping registered under any flag.

It is very important to tell the seamen not to approach the ITF personel actively. The master should instruct his crew to answer the questions in accordance with the ship owner’s and the manning agent’s instructions if the ITF inspectors approach the vessel and talk with the crew. The master himself should know very well the company’s policy in dealing with the ITF. Anyway, the master and his crew should deal with them very cautiously so as to avoid any possible disputes for the ship owner. As a employee of the shipowner, the master should always stand in the position of the shipowner and the manning agent.

49.hat should bridge orders include? What are the contents of the standing order and what

are night orders?

Bridge order includes standing order and night order.

The master shall include the following contents in the standing order:

Mster’s requirement for the conduct of watch keeping personel;

(1)define the master’s requirements on the duties of officers on watch;

(2)define the mster’s requirements for the actions in case of emergency situations;

(3)procedures at times of reduced visibility;

(4)special requirements with regards to the ship and its trade.

The master shall regularly enter into the bridge orders book—no matter at sea or at anchor. The entry in the bridge order book shall include the instructions on the safe navigation at the time when the master intends to take rest, as well as any other necessary instructions. This shall include:

(1) a brief desciption of the navigation plan with details of the course to be followed and

charts to be used;

(2)points which require special consideration ( strong currents, cross traffic etc.)

(3)the time and position when the master is to traffic or port control;

(4)the position ehere the ship has to report to traffic or port control;

(5)the position where the notice has to be given to engine room ( one hour notice, stand

by engine etc.)

(6)detail of any other activities during the night period ( tank cleaning, gas freeing,

watch on IG pressure, repair work, launch calls, etc).

(7)the master shall finish his night order before he is going to take sleep.

50.normally, what ranks cannot be relieved for vacation together?

Considering the operation and safety of the vessel, normally the following ranks cannot be relieved together: the master and the chief officer; the chief engineer and the first engineer.

The chief officer should complete the handover procedure after completion of cargo

operation and related documentation unless he is relieved on some other occasions where there is no cargo operation. Beside, senior engineers should not hand over their duties before or when any major repair or maintenance work is underway.

The relieved engineers or officers should prepare handover notes to the relieving personel. Copies of the master and chief engineer’s handover notes should be sent to the company for filing. The chief engineer’s handover notes should be verified and signed by the master.

51.what ranks should not be allowed to have shore leave at the same time?

In view of the jobs on board, the following positions and ranks can not be allowed to have shore leave at the same time: the master and the chieaf officer; the chief engineer and the first engineer; the chief engineer and the electration; the bosun and pumpan(in tanker);

the chief cook and the second cook(or mess boy); the chief officer and pumpman(in tankers).

Any crew who wants to have shore leave must check with the department head for permission and return to the vessel on time.

52.what is the maximum blood alcohol concentration (BAC)rate fore crew on board?

According t6o the STCW95, the BAC shall not be more than 0.08% by weight any time when being tested, but the CFR ( code of federal regulations) BAC to be no more than

0.045。watch-keepers are not allowed to drink any alcoholic beverage 4 hours before their

watch.

53.under heavy weather condition, what preparations should you make before sailing?

During heavy weather condition, the master should make the following preparation:

(1)if possible, select a route that can avoid the heavy weather area;

(2)inform the crew of the predicted heavy weather and issue a warning. Make sure that

the warning is knpwn to all crew on board;

(3)instruct the chief officer to check the hull strengh based on stowage calculations,

cargo loading and stability documents. If the ship is not carrying cargo, the master

shall ballast the ship to increase the draught and take action to prevent propeller

racing ,reduce oscillations and slamming of the ship;

(4)make sure the following holes are closed : hatches, cargo hold, bosun’s store,

manhole; accesses to accommadation spaces and steering gear room, tank air pipes,

sounding capes; all water-tight doors and water-tight openings on the ship;

(5)ensure that the chief officer adopts measures to prevent movement of cargo and

other objects on various parts of the ship;

(6)ensure that cargo gear such as derricks, cranes and life boat are securely lashed;

(7)ensure that the chief officer checks the conditions of the stowage of anchors and

anchor chain;

(8)keep critical checklists on the bridge for reference.

54.if the ship is sailing in the heavy weather conditions, what should the master pay

attention to?

If the vessel is navigating in heavy weather, the master should pay attention to the following:

(1)adopt measures to prevent slamming and pounding of the ship, considering the

frequency of encounters with swells and change speed or course, if necessary;

(2)the watch keeping officer shall change over to parallel operation of the steering gear,

if possible;

(3)if possible, change the auto pilot to ―rough sea mode‖or change over to manual

mode;

(4)the master shall frequently check the weather and sea conditions, observe closely

future changes and judge if there is a problem with the present sailing course and

speed;

(5)report the weather conditions to the nearest port authority and the ships in the

vicinity of the bad weather area and ask them to be careful on the warning;

(6)the master shall check the abnormalities whenever he thinks it possible to make the

ship in good condition.

55.after the heavy weather is over, what checks should be made?

After the heavy weather, the following should be checked:

The hull, the deck machinery and pipes, hatch covers, the cargoes in the holds, and the sounding of all tanks. If something wrong is found, the master should report it to the company as soon as possible. Of course, the master should solve some small problems with the crew.

56.if the stevedores damage the crane or derrick on board, what should you do?

Usually, I shall report the damage to the charterers and/or owners immediately. In the meantime, I shall prepare the stevedore damage report and get it signed by the foremam or the stevedoring company. If they refuse to sign the report or repair the damage, I shall send a letter of protest to all parties concerned. Anyway, I shall leave the port until the damage is settled properly.

57.why is it very important to get rid of the outdated SMS documents on board?

It is very important to maintain an update catalogue of the SMS documents on board.

Those out-of date files have to be marked and kept away. The mixture of the old and new documents on board can easily cause confusion after a period of time and this may ultimately result in some problems of documents are sonsidered to be a nonconformities or deficiencies by the auditors.

58.what elements or factors should you consider when anchoreing in deep water?

Anchoring in deep water means dropping anchors in water more than 50 meters deep.

Before going to the anchorage, I must make sure that the windlass and brake are in good order. I will study the weather conditions, sea and local current, tides, water depth, bottom condition etc. I also need to find good holding ground and enough room for swing.

Before anchoring, I need to (1) discuss with the chief officer the anchoring procedure, including which anchor and how many shackles to be used;(2) make sure of the water depth and ship’s position.

During anchoring, I will have to (1) make sure the ship has come to a complete stop; (2) lower the anchor into water until it touches the ground by windlass; (3) disengage and slack the chain cable until the expected length is paid out. I will use the main engine movement to stretch the cable only but have to make sure not to excessive weight.

59.how do you implement the SMS on board?

I shall instruct the crew to study and fully understand the company SMS manuals. The

crew will sign on the signature cards after they have studied the manuals. I shall prepare some important procedures and have warnings training on the manuals. Moreover, I will instruct the

crew to follow the procedures in practice.

60.what is the minimum rest hours every day for a seaman on board?

According to the STCW 78/95, the minimum rest hours for a seaman is 10 hours every

24 hours.

61.how should you deal with the garbage on board the ship?

MARPOL 73/78 provides for detailed regulations on garbage disposal. Usually, any shipping company should have its own garbage management plan in its ISM documents.

Usually, the chief engineer or the chief officer is the designated person in charge of carrying out the garbage disposal, but all crew on board should follow the garbage manangement plan.

Garbage is disposed in four steps, i.e. collection, separation, processing and disposal.

The chief engineer or the chief officer should make clear records in the garbage record book.

The master has to make sure the garbage record book is available for checks at any time. 62.when navigating in restricted visibility or heavy traffic or in a close quarter , as the

master or duty officer, which ship do you think should reduce speed, or stop engine to avoid danger of collision?

According to COLREG1972. both ships should reduce speed if they think necessary. And anti-collision actions should be taken as early as possible. When navigation in restricted visibility, the master must navigate the ship with safe speed and great caution.

63.what is safety speed during sailing? What factors should you consider in deciding the

speed of a vessel during sailing in the sea?

The safe speed is the speed at which the vessel can take proper and effective actions to be stopped in a safe distance. The following factors should be taken into account to achieve safe speed: visibility, number of ships in the area, the ship’s maneuverability, wind force, sea tide and current, background lights, draught and available depth of water, proximity of navigational hazards, standard and operation of technical equipment on board, ice condition and so on.

64.when navigating in a crossing situation, as master or duty officer, what anti-cillision

measures should be taken? When the vessels are proceed on head-on condition, what anti-collision rule should be observed? When a power-driven ship and sailing meet in the sea, what anti-collision rule should be observed?

When two power-driven ships are crossing, the ship which has the other ship on her own starboard side shall keep out of way. To do this, this ship can either alter course to starboard side or slow down her speed in order to avoid collision.

When two power-driven ships are meeting head-on situation or near head-on situation, each ship shall alter course to starboard so that they can pass on the port side of each other at a safe distance.

When a ship sails at a higher speed overtakes another ship, the ship shall sails at higher speed or shall alter its course to avoid collision.

A power-driven ship shall keep out of the way of a sailing ship. This can be done either

altering its course or speed up to avoid collision.

65.what routines should the relieving officers be familiar with when he comes for watch

keeping?

The relieving officers should familiarize himself with all the equipment and condition of the ship, the visibility and weather condition, speed and current condition, instruction of the

master and some other aspects to ensure the safety of the vessel as per company SMS.

66.based on your experience, tell the sequence of actions to be taken when you encounter

restricted visibility.

Switch on both radars of the vessel. Arrange additional lookout. Reduce to safe speed.

Implement bridge team management as per the SMS.

67.when the ship is loaded with general cargo, if the ship has several and different

discharging ports, what precautions must be taken to ensure no short landing and over carriage of cargo?

To avoid the problems, I must ensure proper stowage and no broken stowage, proper and clear cargo separation markings, correct loading sequence, and good stability of the ship. 68.how do you handling the cargo damage caused by the stevedores?

First, I will check the seriousness of the damage. Second, I will discuss with the foreman responsible for the damage. Third, I will inform the tallyman and agent to replace the damaged cargo or make proper remarks on the cargo documents. Fourth, I will prepare a damage report as per the company SMS and advise the owner if a damage survey is needed.

Fifth, I will ensure all evidence is in good order to protect the interests of the ship owner and its crew. Lastly, I will ensure the proper logbook entry.

69.can you tell me some instances when you have to consult the ship owner or manager in

relation to the instruction from the charterer or their representation?

Here are some instance: changes in sailing instruction, changes in cargo type/quantity/loading sequences, vessel not meeting the requirements of the speed and oil consumption clause, etc.

70.under time charter party, based on your experience, what factors do you think c an put

the vessel off hire?

Breakdown of main machinery, incorrect or improper hold preparation which is not in compliance with the cargo fitness survey, major non-compliance to port state inspection, any delay caused by the owner and/or the crew.

71.before grain loading, how should you prepare your holds for grain fitness?

First, I should clean and wash the holds thoroughly in accordance with the grain fitness requirement so as to get rid of any residual and order of the previous cargo. Second, I should make sure there is no scaling of paint and rust on the bulkheads. Third, I should also ensure that all cargo holds and hatches are watertight and dry.

72.what preparations should you make before your ship enters the dock yard?

It depends on why my ship is dry-docking. Generally, I shall adjust the proper trim as per the dock’s requirements and prepare a detailed docking repair list as per the company’s instructions. I shall get all the certificates and classification records ready for reference.

73.if you are to prepare for load line survey, what items require your special attention?

I should pay attention to these items: certificates, watertight doors and manholes, rubber

gaskets, ventilation flaps, cargo hold water-tightness and commings, bilge pump and ballast pump.

74.if you are to prepare you for safety equipment survey, what items should you check

beforehand?]

I shall check relevant certificates, lifeboat and other safety equipment, pyrotechnics,

emergency fire pumps, fire hose, box and hydrant as well as other fire fighting and life saving

appliances.

75.why is stability important in loading a ship? What are the factores to be considered

before loading to ensure stability of the ship after being loaded?

To achieve stability of the ship, I must ensure loading in compliance with safety requirement, existing rules, and relevant regulations, the safety of life at sea, protection of property and environment. Beside, I should also ensure proper towage and proper weight distribution.

76.in your opinion, what abilites should a master possess?:

a master should be knowledgeable on the type of vessel he is running. He should be

experienced on trade, navigation, cargo carring. He should have a good understanding of the international convention and regulations. He should also have good crew management and crisis management skills. Lastly, he should set up an example in good leadership.

77.how do you decide to join a company, I will consider the following factors: company

stability,working envioronment, salary, relation sss among employees, proper program of crew rotation, promotion and advancement and good management.

78.what are the functions of a B/L? what is a clean B/L and what is an unclean B/L?

A B/L has three bvery important function. It constitutes evidenceof the temms of the

contract of carriage a promise to carry and deliver the cargo. It constitutes the apparent order, condition, and quantity or weight of goods at the time of shipment. It is also a document of title ( property ) of the cargo.

A clean B/L is one which there is not any remark of cargo loss, shortage or damage.

An unclean B/L is also called B/L, which carries some remarks of cargo damage, quantity shortage and so on..

79.what is back dated or anti-dated B/L? what is advanced B/L?

A back-dated bill of lading is a one whose issuing date is earlier than the virtual

loading comletion date. An advanced B/L means a loading both backdated and advanced B/Ls will bring some dangers and liabilities to the shipowner and charterer. The master should be very cautions about these two types of B/Ls.

26个面试常见问题及经典回答

1、请你自我介绍一下自己好吗? 回答提示:一般人回答这个问题过于平常,只说姓名、年龄、爱好、工作经验,这些在简历上都有。其实,企业最希望知道的是求职者能否胜任工作,包括:最强的技能、最深入研究的知识领域、个性中最积极的部分、做过的最成功的事,主要的成就等,这些都可以和学习无关,也可以和学习有关,但要突出积极的个性和做事的能力,说得合情合理企业才会相信。企业很重视一个人的礼貌,求职者要尊重考官,在回答每个问题之后都说一句“谢谢”,企业喜欢有礼貌的求职者。 2、你觉得你个性上最大的优点是什么? 回答提示:沉着冷静、条理清楚、立场坚定、顽强向上、乐于助人和关心他人、适应能力和幽默感、乐观和友爱。我在北大青鸟经过一到两年的培训及项目实战,加上实习工作,使我适合这份工作。 3、说说你最大的缺点? 回答提示:这个问题企业问的概率很大,通常不希望听到直接回答的缺点是什么等,如果求职者说自己小心眼、爱忌妒人、非常懒、脾气大、工作效率低,企业肯定不会录用你。绝对不要自作聪明地回答“我最大的缺点是过于追求完美”,有的人以为这样回答会显得自己比较

出色,但事实上,他已经岌岌可危了。企业喜欢求职者从自己的优点说起,中间加一些小缺点,最后再把问题转回到优点上,突出优点的部分,企业喜欢聪明的求职者。 4、你对薪资的要求? 回答提示:如果你对薪酬的要求太低,那显然贬低自己的能力;如果你对薪酬的要求太高,那又会显得你分量过重,公司受用不起。一些雇主通常都事先对求聘的职位定下开支预算,因而他们第一次提出的价钱往往是他们所能给予的最高价钱,他们问你只不过想证实一下这笔钱是否足以引起你对该工作的兴趣。 回答样本一:我对工资没有硬性要求,我相信贵公司在处理我的问题上会友善合理。我注重的是找对工作机会,所以只要条件公平,我则不会计较太多。 回答样本二:我受过系统的软件编程的训练,不需要进行大量的培训,而且我本人也对编程特别感兴趣。因此,我希望公司能根据我的情况和市场标准的水平,给我合理的薪水。 回答样本三:如果你必须自己说出具体数目,请不要说一个宽泛的范围,那样你将只能得到最低限度的数字。最好给出一个具体的数字,这样表明你已经对当今的人才市场作了调查,知道像自己这样学历的雇员有什么样的价值。

单招面试常见问题及答案

单招面试常见问题及答案-标准化文件发布号:(9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII

单招面试常见问题及答案 离单招报名时间只有半个月了,单招考试中有重要的环节就是面试,那么面试中一般会问及到那些问题呢,洛阳科技职业学院小编结合多年单招面试考试内容,总结出了五大面试中常被问及的问题。希望对小伙伴们有用。 1、请你自我介绍一下你自己? 一般考生回答这个问题过于平常,只说姓名、年龄、家乡。这些在考官老师手中的考试报名表中都有。其实,面试考官老师最希望知道的你是否适合这个专业,应该着重介绍:性格、兴趣爱好、动手能力、思想品德等,要突出积极的个性和和对专业的兴趣,介绍结束之后应该说“谢谢”,这是基本的礼貌( 2、你觉得你个性上最大的优点是什么? 回答这个问题应该看你面试的专业是什么,根据专业的需要说自己的性格,可以提前差一些资料,这个问题只要言之成理即可。 3、说说你最大的缺点? 回答这个问题时要注意,不能说自己没有缺点,因为没有人是完美的,这样给考官的印象是不能认清自己,也不能老实交代,把自己的一些不好的一面全部展示出来,应该讲一些无关紧要的缺点,不会对专业对人生有重大印象的的缺点。 4、你对我们学校的了解吗? 考官问这个问题主要是看你对这个学校有多大的兴趣。考生如果对学校感兴趣非常想上这所学校,一定会进行上网,所以面试之前一定要对学校进行了解,然后凭借记忆说一下对这所大学的印象,如果实在是不了解,那就实事求是的告诉考官:不好意思老师,我只顾着准备对考试内容进行准备了,没有来得及查看学校的介绍。不了解没关系,千万不要不懂装懂。 5、如果你被录取,你想怎样安排大学生活? 一定要在回答中表现出积极乐观的态度,要让考官看出你对编导专业的向往。回答要点:①.会认真完成大学的课程。②会选修一些和专业相关的其他学科,填充自己的知识。③.会利用好图书馆里面的资源,在大学四年积累一定的阅读量。

20个HR最常用的面试问题及答案

20个HR最常用的面试问题及答案 A.别的同仁认为我是老板前的红人,所以处处排挤我。 B.调薪的结果令我十分失望,完全与我的付出不成正比。 C.老板不愿授权,工作处处受限,绑手绑脚、很难做事。 D.公司营运状况不佳,大家人心惶惶。 解答:超过一半的人事主管选择C,其次为D。选择C的回答,可以显示应征者的企图心、能力强,且希望被赋予更多的职责。选择D,则是因离职原因为个人无法改变的客观外在因素,因此,面谈者也就不会对个人的能力或工作表现,有太多的存疑。 A.贵公司在去年里,长达8个月的时间,都高居股王的宝座。 B.贵公司连续3年被XX杂志评选为“求职者最想进入的企业”的第一名。 C.不是很清楚,能否请您做些介绍。

D.贵公司有意改变策略,加强与国外大厂的OEM合作,自有品牌的部分则透过海外经销商。 解答:以D居多。道理很简单,他们希望求职者对所申请的工作有真正的了解,而不仅仅是慕名而来。 A.公司的远景及产品竞争力。 B.公司对员工生涯规划的重视及人性化的管理。 C.工作的性质是否能让我发挥所长,并不断成长。 D.合理的待遇及主管的管理风格。 解答:以C居多,因为公司要找工作表现好、能够真正有贡献的人,而非纯粹慕名、求利而来的人。 A.因为我深信我比别人都优秀。 B.因为我有很强烈的.企图心,想要与贵公司共同成长。

C.您可以由我过去的工作表现所呈现的客观数据,明显地看出我全力以赴的工作态度。 D.我在这个产业已耕耘了8年,丰富的人脉是我最大的资产。 解答:这题理想的回答是C。你如何让对方看到你的好?单凭口才,是很难令对方信服的,因此,从履历表内容或之前的回答内容中,如果能以客观数字、具体的工作成果,来辅助说明,是最理想的回答。 A.我人缘极佳,连续3年担任福委会委员。 B.我的坚持度很高,事情没有做到一个令人满意的结果,绝不罢手。 C.我非常守时,工作以来,我从没有迟到过。 D.我的个性很随和,是大家公认的好好先生。 解答:这题理想的回答是B。A、C、D虽然都表示出应征者个性上的优点,但只有B的回答,最能和工作结合,能够与工作表现相结合的优点、特质,才是面谈者比较感兴趣的回答。

面试常见问题及回答_面试技巧及注意事项

一、面试程序 不同的单位对面试过程的设计会有所不同,有的单位会非常正式,有的单位则相对比较随意,但一般来说,面试可以分为以下五个阶段: 第一阶段:准备阶段。.准备阶段主要是以一般性的社交话题进行交谈,例如主考会问类似“从宿舍到这里远不远”、“今天天气很好,是吗?”这样的问题,目的是使应聘人员能比较自然地进入面试情景之中,以便消除毕业生紧张的心情,建立一种和谐、友善的面试气氛。.毕业生这时就不需要详细地对所问问题进行一一解答,可利用这个机会熟悉面试环境和考官。. 第二阶段:引入阶段。.社交性的话题结束后,毕业生的情绪逐渐稳定下来,开始进入第二阶段,这阶段主要围绕其履历情况提出问题,给应聘者一次真正发言的机会。.例如主考会问类似“请用简短的语言介绍一下你自己”、“在大学期间所学的主要课程有哪些”、“谈谈你在学期间最大的收获是什么”等问题。.毕业生在面试前就应对类似的问题进行准备,回答时要有针对性。. 第三阶段:正题阶段。.进入面谈的实质性正题,主要是从广泛的话题来了解应聘人员不同侧面的心理特点、行为特征、能力素质等,因此,提问的范围也较广,主要是为了针对应聘者的特点获取评价信息,提问的方式也各有不同。. 第四阶段:结束阶段。.主考在该问的问题都问完后,会问类似“我们的问题都问完了,请问你对我们有没有什么问题要问”这样的话题进入结束阶段,这时毕业生可提出一些自己想提问的问题,但不要问类似“请问你们在我们学校要招几个人”这样的问题,大部分单位都会回答你“不一定,要看毕业生的素质情况”,可以就如果被公司录用可能会接受的培训、工作的主要职责等问题进行提问。. 二、面试中可能被问到的问题 面试随单位和岗位的不同而有很大差别,没有固定的形式、问题和答案,这里所列的只是常见的一些问题和回答的要点,仅供毕业生参考。. (一)关于个人方面的问题 1、请介绍一下你自己 在面试前用人单位大多都看过了毕业生的自荐材料,一些基本情况都有所了解,所以在自我介绍时要简洁,突出你应聘该公司的动机和具备什么样的素质可以满足对方的要求。. 2、你有什么优缺点 充分介绍你的优点,但最好少用形容词,而用能够反映你的优点的事实说话。.介绍缺点时可以从大学生普遍存在的弱点方面介绍,例如缺少社会经验。.但如果有不可隐瞒的缺陷,也不应该回避,比如曾经受过处分,应如实介绍,同时可以多谈一些现在的认识和后来改正的情况。.

英文面试常见问题和答案

英文面试常见问题和答案 关于工作(About Job) 实际工作中,员工常常需要不断学习和勇于承担责任,求职者如果能表现出这种素质,会给应聘方留下良好的印象。 面试例题 1What range of pay-scale are you interested in (你感兴趣的薪水标准在哪个层次) 参考答案 Money is important, but the responsibility that goes along with this job is what interests me the most. (薪水固然重要,但这工作伴随而来的责任更吸引我。) 假如你有家眷,可以说: To be frank and open with you, I like this job, but I have a family to support. (坦白地说,我喜欢这份工作,不过我必须要负担我的家庭。) 面试例题 2 What do you want most from your work (你最希望从工作中得到什么 答案 I hope to get a kind of learning to get skills from my work. I want to learn some working skills and become a professional in an industry. (我最希望得到的是一种学习,能让我学到工作的技能。虽然我已经在学校学习了快16年但只是学习到了知识,在学校里,没有机会接触到真正的社会,没有掌握一项工作技能,所以我最希望获得一项工作的技能,能够成为某一个行业领域的专业人士。)

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