The Economist Espresso
Taiwan wades in: the South China Sea
Today Ma Ying-jeou, the president who leaves office（下台，较为中性）in May, makes a rare and controversial visit to Itu Aba, the biggest natural island in the Spratly archipelago in the much-disputed(备受争议的) South China Sea? It is garrisoned by Taiwan, but also claimed by China, the Philippines and Vietnam. The Philippines and Vietnam are incensed; China less so: it maintains the fiction that there is “one China”, and Taiwan’s territorial claims are its own. Mr Ma wants to show that the island can sustain human life, and so is entitled under international law to a 200-nautical-mile (370km) exclusive economic zone. He will also advertise his own “south China Sea Peace Initiative”，announced last May but largely ignored. The risk is that the Philippines and Vietnam retaliate, in turnprovoking China. Alarmed, America issued a sharp denunciation of Mr Ma’s “extremely unhelpful" day-trip as soon as it was announced.
Word List
1.garrison:VERB 动词派（兵）驻守；驻防To garrison a place means to put soldiers there in order to protect it. You can also say that soldiers are garrisoned in a place.
【语法信息】：V n
【语法信息】：be V-ed
【语法信息】：V-ed
?British troops still garrisoned the country...
英军依然驻守在该国。
?No other soldiers were garrisoned there.
那里没有其他驻防士兵。
?...the large, heavily garrisoned towns.
重兵驻防的大城市
2.incense:VERB 动词使愤怒;激怒If you say that something incenses you, you mean that it makes you extremely angry.
【语法信息】：V n
?This proposal will incense conservation campaigners.
这项提议会激怒环保人士。
3.incensed /?n?senst/ adjective [not before noun]very angry SYN furious
incensed at
Fans were incensed at the decision to ban the song.
incensed that
?Passengers are incensed that rail companies make huge profits while service remains poor.
4.territorial★★☆☆☆:ADJ 形容词领土的;领海的Territorial means concerned with the ownership of a particular area of land or water.
【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n
?It is the only republic which has no territorial disputes with the others...
它是唯一和其他国家没有领土争端的共和国。
?Both Chile and Argentina feel very strongly about their territorial claims to Antarctica.
智利和阿根廷对于南极的领土主张都持强硬态度。
5.entitle/?n?ta?tl/ verb [transitive often passive]
1to give someone the official right to do or have something
be entitled to (do) something(常用)/entitle sb to do sth
?Full-time employees are entitled to receive health insurance.
?There are 23 Clubs throughout the U.S., and your membership entitles you to enjoy all of them.
entitle somebody to something
?Membership entitles you to the monthly journal.
2be entitled something if a book, play etc is entitled something, that is its name:
? a documentary entitled ‘The Price of Perfection’
?Chomsky's review is entitled 'Psychology and Ideology'.
乔姆斯基的这篇评论题为《心理学与意识形态》。
6.initiative★★★☆☆
○1.N-COUNT 可数名词积极的行动;倡议An initiative is an important act or statement that is intended to solve a problem.
【搭配模式】：usu with supp
?Government initiatives to help young people have been inadequate...
政府在积极帮助年轻人方面做得还不够。
?There's talk of a new peace initiative.
传闻有可能提出新的和平倡议。
○2.N-SING 单数名词主动权In a fight or contest, if you have the initiative, you are in a better position than your opponents to decide what to do next.
【搭配模式】：the N
?We have the initiative; we intend to keep it...
我们拥有主动权;我们不打算放弃它。
?He paused enough to consider the options but never so long as to lose the initiative.
他停顿了一会儿权衡自己有哪些选项,但并没有久到丧失主动权。
the initiative: if you have or take the initiative, you are in a position to control a situation and decide what to do next:
?Why don’t you take the initiative and ask him out?
?Politicians need to seize the initiative from the terrorists.
?The government must not lose the initiative in the fight against terrorism.
?We must take the initiative in the struggle to end the war...
为尽早结束战争,我们必须抢先行动。
?She knew she had to take the initiative and maintain an aggressive game throughout.
她知道自己必须采取主动，并且始终保持咄咄逼人的态势。
7. provoke (VT)
1to cause a reaction or feeling, especially a sudden one 激起，引起→provocation
provoke a protest/an outcry/criticism etc
?The proposal provoked widespread criticism.
?The decision to invade provoked storms of protest.
?His election success has provoked a shocked reaction...
他的当选引起一片震惊。
?The destruction of the mosque has provoked anger throughout the Muslim world.
毁坏清真寺的行为激怒了整个伊斯兰世界。
provoke debate/discussion
?The novel has provoked fierce debate in the US.
provoke somebody into (doing) something
?She hopes her editorial will provoke readers into thinking seriously about the issue. provoke somebody to do something
?Emma, though still at school, was provoked to help too.
2ANGRYto make someone angry, especially deliberately挑衅；煽动；激怒；刺激: ?The dog would not have attacked if it hadn’t been provoked.
provoke somebody into (doing) something
?Paul tried to provoke Fletch into a fight.
?I provoked him into doing something really stupid.
在我的刺激下他做了件非常愚蠢的事。
8.denunciation★☆☆☆☆
1.N-VAR 可变名词谴责;痛斥Denunciation of someone or something is severe public criticism of them.
【搭配模式】：oft N of n
?On September 24, he wrote a stinging denunciation of his critics...
9月24号，他写了一篇痛斥那些批评者的措词强烈的文章。
?He has been scathing in his denunciation of corrupt and incompetent politicians.
他抨击起那些腐败无能的政客来一直都很尖刻犀利。
2.N-VAR 可变名词告发;检举Denunciation is the act of reporting someone who has broken a rule or law to the authorities.
?...the denunciation of Jews to the Nazis during the Second World War.
第二次世界大战期间向纳粹分子告发犹太人
Phrase
1. in turn (from 柯林斯)
○1短语继而;转而;反过来You use in turn to refer to actions or events that are in a sequence one after the other, for example because one causes the other.
【搭配模式】：PHR with cl/group
?One of the members of the surgical team leaked the story to a fellow physician who, in turn, confided in a reporter.
手术小组的一名成员把这个消息泄露给了在一起工作的一个内科医生，后者又透露给了一位记者。
○2.逐一;依次;轮流地If each person in a group does something in turn, they do it one after the other in a fixed or agreed order.
【搭配模式】：PHR after v
?There were cheers for each of the women as they spoke in turn.
当这些女人们逐一发言时，她们每个人都赢得了喝彩声。
in turn (from LDOCE5)
in turn
a)as a result of something:
Interest rates were cut and, in turn, share prices rose.
b)one after the other, especially in a particular order:
Each of us in turn had to describe how alcohol had affected our lives.
2.wade in (informal):短语动词(常指不计后果地)介入，干涉If someone wades in or wades into something, they get involved in a very determined and forceful way, often without thinking enough about the consequences of their actions.
【语法信息】：V P
【语法信息】：V P n
?They don't just listen sympathetically, they wade in with remarks like, 'If I were you...'...
他们不是只同情地倾听，而是还时不时地插话进来：“如果我是你…”
?I waded in to help, but got kicked to the ground...
我本想插进去帮忙，结果却被踢倒在地。
?Police waded into a crowd of protesters.
警察介入，企图驱散抗议人群。
英汉汉英翻译学习 译后感
至今为止，已经学了一个学期的翻译基础。虽说未涉及汉译英的学习，但从过去这一学期对英译汉理论与实践的学习，我深知翻译并非一件容易的事。对我来说，学好翻译这门课程并将其运用到实践中去，任重而道远。 在未上翻译课之前，每每听人提及翻译，以为就只是单纯的两种语言的转换；谁知经过一个学期的翻译课学习，才知道自己竟是大错特错了。当代英国翻译理论家纽马克的翻译理论及其语言六大功能（表达功能、信息功能、祈使功能、人际功能、审美功能、元语言功能），我国翻译家严复的“信、达、雅”三大翻译标准等，让我更进一步了解什么是翻译。 对于我们初学者来说，在进行翻译活动时，除了要遵循翻译的两大原则（忠实、通顺）外，还要注意直译与意译、异化与归化等翻译技巧的运用。否则，翻译时，容易出现“翻译腔”。如;And so you shall be my darling----when l tell you! 译文一：当我告诉你的时候——我的宝贝，你会知道的。译文二：那你等着吧——等到我告诉了你，你就懂得了！这两种翻译中，第一种机械地模仿原文，不知变通，是典型的“翻译腔”。而第二种摆脱了原文的结构束缚，用符合目的语的语言表达形式再现了原文的意义和精神。 此外，对一些翻译技巧（如：词类转换法、重复法、正反反正翻译法、抽象与具体转换法、抽词拆译法、增词语省略法、物称人称转化法、形合意合转换法、视点转换法等）的学习及反复练习，也让我在学习的同时发现并总结出一些翻译时常出现的问题。如:的、地、得的正确使用(美丽的太阳花、吃力地行走、高兴得手舞足蹈)；量词的正确使用(一只小熊、一头大熊、一个熊妈妈)；标点符号的正确使用（注意句子的停顿）；“so·····that”不能译成“如此·····以至于”可译成“那样·····因此or所以”；“when·····”不能译成“当······时”；人的mate译成“伙伴”，动物的mate译成“配偶”，而人的“配偶”是spouse；“go down the wind”译成顺着风走，“go up the wind”译成逆着风走；定语从句的译法：分片——逐个译出——理解大意——调整语序。 另外，长句的翻译也是一大难点。像顺序法、分译法、逆序法、综合法等长句翻译方法都可用于翻译中，才能译出更好的译文。 与汉语习惯不同，在英语中，为了避免重复，通常用同义词、近义词代替前文出现过的词。同时，英语中通常用大量的连词，是句子更紧凑，而汉语恰恰相反。因此，在英译汉时，要尽量避免将关联词“和、所以、因此、而且····”翻译出来。 我深知自己基础比较薄弱，因而在学习时也比较吃力，但我不会因此而自暴自弃，相反，我会加倍努力，尽自己最大的努力学好翻译这门课程。
汉英翻译教程
汉英翻译教程
第一章 汉英语言对比 相关参考： 翻译教学和研究的经验表明：翻译理论和技巧必须建立在不同语言和文化的对比分析基础上。英汉互译的几项基本原则和技巧，如选词（Diction）、转换（Conversion）、增补（Amplification）、省略（Omission）、重复（Repetition）、替代（Substitution）、变换（Variation）、倒臵（Inversion）、拆离（Division）、缀合（Combination）、阐释（Annotation）、浓缩（Condensation）、重组（Reconstruction），以及时态、语态、语气、习语、术语等的译法，都集中地体现了英汉的不同特点。机器翻译是让计算机按照人们所制定的程序和指令进行不同语言的对比转换，也离不开对比分析。翻译之所以困难，归根结底是因为语言差异和文化差异。因此，对比、分析和归纳这些差异，便是翻译学的重要任务。 不同语言的对比分析不仅有利于教学和翻译，也有助于语言交际。通过对比分析，人们可以进一步认识外语和母语的特性，在进行交际时，能够有意识地注意不同语言各自的表现方法，以顺应这些差异，防止表达错误，避免运用失当，从而达到交际的目的。 ——连淑能，《英汉对比研究》 纪德是最理解莎士比亚的法国作家之一。在他看来，“没有任何作家比莎士比亚更值得翻译”，但同时，“也没有任何作家比他更难翻译，译文更容易走样”。纪德对莎士比亚的理解是双重的，既是精神的，也是语言的。他在与莎士比亚的相遇与相识中，经历了一系列的考验。对他在翻译中经历的这番历史奇遇，他曾在为七星文库出版的《莎士比亚戏剧集》撰写的前言中作了详尽的描述：描述了两种文化与两种语言之间的遭遇，也揭示了翻译中译者所面临的种种障碍。 纪德首先看到的，是语言与文化层面的逻辑性，这涉及到不同语言的思维方法。他说：“莎士比亚很少考虑逻辑性，而我们拉丁文化缺了逻辑性就踉踉跄跄。莎士比亚笔下的形象相互重现，相互推倒。面对如此丰富的形象，我们可怜的译者目瞪口呆。他不愿意对这种绚丽多彩有丝毫遗漏，因此不得不将英文原本中用仅仅一个词表示的暗喻译成一个句子。原来像蛇一样紧紧盘成一团的诗意，如今成了松开的弹簧。翻译成了解释。逻辑倒是很满意，但魅力不再起作用。莎士比亚的诗句飞跃而过的空间，迟缓的熊虫一瘸一拐才能走完。”在紧密的逻辑与丰富的形象之间，英语与法语的天平有所侧重，在两者的遭遇中，译者的无奈与局限源于文化与语言的巨大差异。 头脑清醒的纪德没有丝毫责备英语或莎士比亚的语言的意思，相反，在翻译莎士比亚的戏剧中，他充分意识到了母语的缺陷。他说：“只有在接触外语时，我们才意识到本国语言的缺陷，因此，只会法语的法国人是看不到缺陷的。”他的这一观点与德国作家歌德的观点几乎是一致的。异之于我，可作一明镜，从异中更清楚地照清自身。在这个意义上，与异语文化的接触，有助于认识母语与母语文化的不足。看清了自身的不足，便有可能从异语异文化中去摄取营养，弥补自身，丰富自身。 在艰难的翻译中，纪德亲历了种种障碍，他结合翻译中的具体例证，作了某
英汉汉英实用翻译教程
一、汉译英部分 1.道可道，非常道；名可名，非常名。 ?Tao Te Ching - The Way of Life - The Wisdom of Ancient China ?The tao that can be described is not the eternal Tao. ?The name that can be spoken is not the eternal Name. The Way that can be told of is not an Unvarying Way; The names that can be named are not unvarying names. 2.子曰：“学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？” ?The Master "Is it not pleasant to learn with a constant perseverance and application? ?"Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? ?"Is he not a man of complete virtue, who feels no discomposure though men may take no note of him?" ?The Master said, "Fine words and an insinuating appearance are seldom associated with true virtue." 曾子曰：“吾日三省吾身：为人谋而不忠乎？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？” The philosopher Tsang said, "I daily examine myself on three points:-whether,in transacting business for others, I may have been not faithful;-whether, in intercourse with friends, I may have been not sincere;-whether I may have not mastered and practiced the instructions of my teacher." 3. 子曰：“不患人之不己知，患不知人也。” ...子曰：“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。” The Master said, "I will not be afflicted at men's not knowing me; I will be afflicted that I do not know men." …The Master said, "Learning without thought is labor lost; thought without learning is perilous." 子曰：“温故而知新，可以为师矣。” The Master said, "If a man keeps cherishing his old knowledge, so as continually to be acquiring new, he may be a teacher of others." 4. 古之学者必有师。师者，所以传道受业解惑也。人非生而知之者，孰能无惑？惑而不从师，其为惑也，终不解矣。生乎吾前，其闻道也，固先乎吾，吾从而师之；生乎吾后，其闻道也，亦先乎吾，吾从而师之。吾师道也，夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎？是故无贵无贱，无长无少，道之所存，师之所存也。 In ancient times those who wanted to learn would seek out a teacher, one who could propagate the doctrine, impart professional knowledge, and resolve doubts. Since no one is born omniscient, who can claim to have no doubts? If one has doubts and is not willing to learn from a teacher, his doubts will never be resolved. Anyone who was born before me and learned the doctrine before me is my teacher. Anyone who was born after me and learned the doctrine before me is also my teacher. Since
英汉汉英翻译段落练习100篇
1Lexicography 1)Lexicography provides at its best a joyful sense of busyness with language2) One is immersed in the details of language as in no other field. 3) Sometimes the details are so overwhelming and endless they sap the spirit and depress the mind4) Often at the end of a hard day’s work one realizes with dismay that the meager stack of finished work one has accomplished has an immeasurably slight impact on the work as a whole 5) As I hope the readers of this work will come to understand dictionaries do not sprint into being 6)People must plan them collect information and write them.7 )Writing takes time and it is often frustrating and even infuriating.8 )No other form of writing is at once so quixotic and so intensely practical.9) Dictionary making does not require brilliance or originality of mind.10) It does require high intelligence mastery of the craft and dedication to hard work.11) If one has produced a dictionary one has the satisfaction of having produced a work of enduring value. 2.Pollution 1) Pollution is a problem because man in an increasingly populated and industrialized world is upsetting the environment in which he lives.2) Many scientists maintain that one of man’s greatest errors has been to equate growth with advancement. 3) Now ―growth‖ industries are being looked on with suspicion in case their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life.4) The growing population makes increasing demands on the world’s fixed supply of air water and land.5) This rise in population is accompanied by the desire of more and more people for a better standard of living, in an ever increasing amount of waste material to be disposed of.6) The problem has been causing increasing concern to living things and their environment.7) Many believe that man is not solving these problems quickly enough and that his selfish pursuit of possessions takes him past the point of no return before he fully appreciates the damage. 1参考译文 词典编纂的绝妙之处是给人一种与语言打交道的快乐感。不像其他领域，编词典的人整天都钻在语言材料中。有时碰到的语言材料浩如烟海，令人耗神。往往一天辛苦工作下来，发觉所完成的薄薄几页草稿只是全部工作的九牛一毛，好不沮丧。正如我希望这部著作的读者会逐渐明白的那样，词典并非是一蹴而就的。必须先制定计划，收集材料，然后方能编写。编写词典不仅耗费时间，而且常让人受挫，甚至恼怒。没有其他的写作像编纂词典那样，既要有空想又要脚踏实地。词典编纂并不需要横渡的才华或独创的思维，但却要求很高的智力，对词典编纂的精通，和甘于吃苦的精神。一个人编写出一部词典，就会因它的长久价值而得到一份快慰。 2参考译文 污染已成为问题，因为在当今人口越来越多，社会越来越工业化的世界上，人类正在污染他们居住的环境。许多科学家认为人类最大的错误是把发展和进步等同起来。现在人们以怀疑的态度看待“发展性”的产业，因为它们的副作用会破坏环境，破坏各种生命之间的关系。人口的增长导致对世界上有限的空气、水和土地的需求不断增长。伴随着人口增长的是越来越多的人渴望更高的生活水平。于是对电、水和商品的更大需求必然造成有更多的废物要处
中国经典名著英汉汉英翻译
中国名著英文翻译推荐 1.《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West; Journey to the West 2.《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms 3.《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone) 4.《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes; Water Margins 5.《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica 6.《聊斋志异》Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio 7.《论语》Analects of Confucius 8.《山海经》the Classic of Mountains and Rivers 9.《围城》A Surrounded City 10.《西厢记》The Romance of West Chamber 11.《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror 12.《史记》Shi Ji/ Historical Records 13.四书(《大学》、《中庸》、《论语》、《孟子》） The Four Books (The Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius, The Mencius) 14.《阿Q正传》The True Story of Ah Q 15.《春秋》Spring and Autumn Annals 16.《论语》THE ANALCETS OF CONFUCIUS 17.《诗经》the book of odes 18.《世说新语》essays and criticism (shi shuo hsin yu) 19.《封神演义》the legend of deification 20.《金瓶梅》The golden lotus 21.《西厢记》The west chamber
英汉汉英翻译技巧
目录 第一章：如何准备高翻笔试 (1) 第二章英译汉翻译技巧 (2) 第三章尤金.柰达的核心句思想 (4) 第四章汉译英翻译技巧 (6) 第一章：如何准备高翻笔试 一．备齐参考资料： 1. 纸板资料：历年真题、四本参考书（庄绎传那本挑感兴趣的材料做，法律合同翻译自动 忽略）、英语世界、政府工作报告双语版、专八阅读和翻译练习题、张培基散文翻译、人事部二级口译教材。 2. 网络资料：经济学家、ft中文网、eco论坛、卫报等各类英文报纸。 二．针对性复习策略 A．阅读： 1.经济学家、英语世界、ft中文网。尽管高翻的考试侧重政治经济，但入学考试是面向所有英语专业考生的，所以平时训练的时候要涉猎各个领域的文章， 培养阅读的兴趣。 2.找专八的阅读题来练，培养做题的感觉。Ft上有测速阅读，可尝试。 B．英译汉：1. 掌握英译汉的几个最基本的翻译技巧（解包袱、词性转换、增减重复、分合移位） 2. 叶子南的书每一篇翻译练习都要认真做。英译汉的难点在于理解和长句翻 译，做完了19篇练习，英译汉的精髓可基本掌握。 3. ft中文网、eco论坛、专八翻译练习题、英语世界等材料里有大量双语材料， 大家可以先自己翻，然后批判阅读译文。 4. 如果有条件，找翻译水平高的人给你的译文提建议。 C．汉译英：1. 李长栓的书拣重要的读，掌握基本的翻译技巧；《中式英语之鉴》略读，掌握中国人常犯的几个错误即可。 2. 散文或杂文翻译看张培基的书、英语世界翻译板块、专八试题；政治经济 社会类的看政府工作报告、二级口译书。 3. 如果有条件，请人帮忙提建议。
第二章英译汉翻译技巧 一. 解包袱法：一个句子当中各类词之间有复杂的关系，译者在使用各种翻译技 巧之前，有必要先将一些缠在一起的关系像解包袱一样解开，然后 推理。这样读者就可以不背这个包袱，这就是所谓的“解包袱法”。 请翻译如下几个句子 1. She is on a listening tour of New York. 2. Professor Smith is leaving the school. That is a stupid loss 3. Bryant Gumbel is sometimes favorably compared with Ted Koppel. 4. The areas could be profitably reconstructed. 5. Men tend to enjoy public, referentially oriented talk, while women enjoy intimate, affectively oriented talk. (affective: relating to moods, feelings and attitudes) 参考译文： 1. 她正在纽约巡回访问，听取群众的意见。 2.史密斯教授要离开学校了，这个损失实在是由于不明智造成的。 3. 人们有时把布莱恩特·干贝尔和泰德·考波尔相比，认为干贝尔更好。 4. 重建这些地区是十分有利可图的。 5. 男人喜欢公开谈论有具体内容的话题，而女人则喜欢两三人私下交流感情。 小结：解包袱法在理解阶段可以成为译者的一个法宝，但有时候通过解包袱法分析过的原文可能太具体，即使不解包袱译者也能理解原文，比如“opinion leader”意见领袖。尤其是在科技等语篇中，解释了反倒不利于标准化。 所以译者在翻译实践中应该灵活把握。 二. 词性转换法：词性转换几乎可以在所有词性之间进行，如名转动、动转名、 介转动、名转形等等都是常用的。口笔译中都很常用。
英汉翻译中英文小说
Certain Things Last （某些持续的事情） For a year now I have been thinking of writing a certain book. (这一年来，我一直想写一本有把握（在思考着写一本自己已经酝酿许久）的书）―Well, tomorrow I‘ll get at it,‖ I‘ve been saying to myself.（“好吧，明天我就完成它”过去自己一直这么说）（好，明天就开始动手写，我一直对自己这么说。）Every night when I get into bed I think about the book（每天晚上上床睡觉时就想着那本书）. The people that are to be put between its covers dance before my eyes. （那些即将出现在作品里面的角色在我眼前跳舞）I live in the city of Chicago and at night motor trucks to rumbling along the roadway outside my house. Not so very far away there is an elevated railroad and after twelve o‘clock at night trains pass at pretty long intervals.（我在芝加哥生活，一到晚上，就听到家外面的公路上那些运货卡车隆隆地响。不远处有一条高架铁路，晚上过了十二点以后火车就开始通过，相互间隔得很远）Before it began I went to sleep during one of the quieter intervals but now that the idea of writing this book has got into me I lie awake and think.（过去在十二点之前趁着那一会儿的安静空隙入睡，但现在我躺在床上思考，脑海出现了写书的想法） For one thing it is hard to get the whole idea of the book fixed in the setting of the city I live in now.（在我如今居住的城 市环境中要想得到这本书确切的想法很难）I wonder if you who do not try to write books, perhaps will understand what I mean.（我很惊奇如果你没有尝试过写书，也许会明白我说什么）Maybe you will, maybe you won‘t. It is a little hard to explain. You see, it‘s something like this. （也许你会明白，或者不明白。这解释起来有点困难。就好比这样）You as a reader will, some evening or some afternoon, be reading in my book and put it down. You will go out of your house and into the street.（你作为一名读者，有些晚上或者下午可能会读我的书，读完后把它放下。你可能会离开家，走到街上）The sun
《英汉汉英翻译》模拟试题一
《英汉汉英翻译》模拟试题一 ________、________和________。 2， 美籍意大利学者温努提（Vanuti ）提出了________________ 的翻译观点。 3， 一般认为，翻译分为两个过程：首先是 ________，其次是________。 4， 辜正坤在全国首届翻译理论研讨会上提出了“___________”， 在该理论 体系中，它提出了翻译的最高标准是___________， 这是一个形同虚设的抽象标准，真正有意义的是一大群具体标准。 5， 傅雷在《〈高老头〉重译本序》中提出了___________， 钱钟书在《林纾 ___________的翻译标准。 二、简述题（每题 5分，共 10 分） 1、如何正确理解美国著名翻译理论家尤金·奈达（Eugene A Nida ）的翻译定义。 三、论述题（每题 10分，共 10分） 1，论述我国清代资产阶级思想家严复的“信达雅”三字标 四、英译汉题（共 35 分） 1, A debt owing by my father fills me with shame. I feel like a criminal when I pass the creditor ’s door. I am only ten years old. And all the while the question of nationality perplexes my little brain. Why are we what we are? I and my brothers and sisters. Why did God make us to be hooted(喝斥) and started at? Papa is English, mamma is Chinese. Why couldn ’t we have been either one thing or the other? Why is my mother ’s race despised? I look into the faces of my father and mother. Is she not every bit as dear and good as he? Why? Why? She
英汉与汉英翻译习语翻译
习语的翻译一、什么是习语(idiom) 习语是经过长时间的使用而提炼出来的固定短语或短句，是人民智慧的结晶。习语大都具有鲜明的形象，适宜于用来比喻事物，因而往往带有浓厚的民族色彩和地方色彩。习语既是语言中的重要修辞手段，同时其本身也是各种修辞手段的集中表现。因此，翻译时应当尽量保持这些特点。译者除了忠实地表达原文习语的意义外，还应尽可能保持原文习语的形象比喻、丰富联想、修辞效果以及其民族、地方特色等。我们这里所谈的英语习语（idioms）是就其广义而言的，包括俗语、谚语、俚语（slang expressions）等。例如：The new naval(海军的) base has proved to be a white elephant; A large number of American radio stations operate in the red. 二习语英译汉的三种主要方法1直译法2汉语同义习语的套用法3意义法二习语英译汉的三种主要方法1 直译法：例如：to break the record armed to the teeth the most-favored-nation clause A rolling stone gathers no moss. a gentleman’s agreement bad egg A cat has nine lives. the Trojan horse the heel of Achilles the cold war Blood is thicker than water. Barking dogs do not bite. 2 汉语同义习语的套用法：（1）双方有完全相同的形象比喻：另外，中国人和英国人共同的劳动经历也使这两个民族产生一些相同的人生经验，故而有完全相同的形象比喻的习语存在。如：试翻译下列习语：to praise to the skies to fish in troubled waters to add fuel to the fire to be on thin ice Walls have ears. (2)双方有大体相同的形象比喻：试翻译下列习语：As stubborn as a mule To fish in the air To drink like a fish To be at the end of one’s rope To spend money like water One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy. 3 意义法：例如：I guessed when he asked for an interview that Smith had an axe to grind. The teenagers don’t invite Bob to their parties because he is a wet blanket. Among so many well-dressed and cultured people, the country girl felt like a fish out of water. To break the ice, Ted spoke his interest in mountain climbing, and they soon had a conversation going. She was born with a silver spoon in her mouth; she thinks she can do what she likes. 三小结习语不仅是语言的精华，而且是语言的缩影，是语言特征的集中反映：语言是人在劳动中创造的，大部分习语就来自普通老百姓的生产活动和生活经历。由于不同民族之间既存在相同的生产生活经历，也存在不同的方面，因而，中英文习语中就存在意义和形式完全相同的习语，也存在不同的习语。所以在翻译英语习语的时候，应该恰当地运用直译，意译和套用汉语同义习语等方法，以保证译文质量。四作业1.试将下列句子译成汉语：Like father, like son. Least said, sooner mended. Out of sight, out of mind.
英汉汉英翻译习题及作业-推荐下载
英汉/汉英翻译作业及习题 一、英译汉 1. When she and he met again, each had been married to another. 当再次相见时，他们已经各自成立了自己的家庭。 2. Business is a two-way street and to keep it open in both directions there must be a sense both partners are doing their utmost to ensure a steady growth I each other’s markets. 做生意得有来有往，来和往这两股道得保持畅通，应当有这么一个 观念，即伙伴双方同时都尽最大努力，来确保对方想自己市场的出 口稳步增长 3. In the family of Marx, Lincoln was much loved and respected.马克思的一家人对林肯是非常敬爱的。 4. The present situation is that many staff consider impossible what is really possible if effort is made. 现在的情形是，很多员工认为不可能的事是通过努力可以办到的。 5. This material is no more elastic than that one. 这种材料和那种一样没有弹性。 6. I was so impressed by these words that I used them later for a Christmas card. 为这些话所深深感动，后来我就把他们写在圣诞贺卡上。 7. It would be astonishing if that loss were not keenly felt. 如果人们不强烈地感到损失，那倒是奇怪了。 8.I have lived here for more than a year.我住在这里已一年多了。
英汉汉英双语翻译2
3.Omission 省略法 e.g. ---- The time-keeping devices of electronic watches are much more accurate than those of mechanical ones. 电子表比机械表准确得多。 More examples A soldier must obey orders. It was an early September day, cool and bright and just right for running, and I was in the first few miles of a 10.5-mile race over a course through steep exhausting hills. 3. It is conflict and not unquestioning agreement that keeps freedom alive. 4. One must make painstaking efforts before one could succeed in maste ring a foreign language. 1. A soldier must obey orders. 军人必须服从命令。（省冠词） 2. It was an early September day, cool and bright and just right for running, and I was in the first few miles of a 10.5-mile race over a course through steep exhausting hills. 那是九月初的一天，秋高气爽，阳光明媚，正是赛跑的好时光。我正参加一场10.5英里的比赛，刚跑了几英里。比赛路线要穿越一些陡峭、使人精疲力竭的山坡。（省 连词） 3. It is conflict and not unquestioning agreement that keeps freedom alive. 使自由保持活力的是冲突而不是绝对的一致。（省强调句中的it） 4. One must make painstaking efforts before one could succeed in mastering a foreign language. 要掌握一门外语，非下苦功夫不可。（省代词） I . Omission in English-Chinese Translation Omission in E-C translation is generally employed in six circumstances: 1. Omission of the pronoun (代词的省略) ---- He put his hands into his pocket and shrugged his shoulders. 他将双手放进衣袋，然后耸了耸肩。 ---- For two weeks, he had been studying the house, looking at its rooms, its electric wiring, its path and its garden. 两周以来，他一直注意观察房子的情况，查看各个房间，留心电线的走向、通 道和花园的布局。 2. Omission of the Article （冠词的省略） ---- The moon was slowly rising above the sea. 月亮漫漫从海上升起。 ---- Any substance is made of atoms whether it is a solid, a liquid or a gas. 任何物质，不论是固体，液体或气体，都由原子组成。 3. Omission of the preposition（介词的省略） ---- Smoking is prohibited in public places. 公共场所，禁止吸烟。 ---- The difference between the two machines consists in power. 这两台机器的差别在于功率不同。 4. Omission of the conjunction （连词的省略） ---- He looked gloomy and troubled. 他看上去有些忧愁不安。 ---- If I had known it, I would not have joined in it. 早知如此，我就不参加了。 5. Omission of the Verb （动词的省略） --- When the pressure gets low,the boiling point becomes low. 气压低，沸点就低。
英汉汉英翻译易错句138例
英汉汉英翻译易错句138例 1.It pays to get an education. 受教育是划算的。 2.She pulled her car in the drive. 他把车子停在私家车道上了。 此处drive作名词解释为“私家车道”。 3.The young man walked far into the woods to make water. 那些年轻人走进森林深处去小便。 4.She always sleeps very late. 他经常起得很迟。 5.The revolutionaries were beaten, refused anything to eat. 那些革命者受到拷打，不准吃任何东西。 6.Michael is a man of many trades. Michael是一个从事很多行业的人。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/492525763.html,pare the adjective “able”. 说出able的原级、比较级和最高级。 8.The tunnel is 20 meters below the sea. 隧道在海床底下20米。 海面下译为below the sea level/surface。 9.It is not a job for a man of his size. 他这般能力人干这种工作不合适。 10.They were full brothers and lived a fast life.
他们是亲兄弟，过着放荡的生活。 11.This is a bottle of noble gas. 这是一瓶惰性气体。 12.Her eyes were shinning, but her face lost its color within twenty seconds. 她双目闪着光芒，可她的脸色骤然变了 13.What she sent to me was an apology for a letter. 他寄给我了一封不像样的信。 14.I was not here for my health. 我并不是漫无目的地到这里。 For my health 1）为了健康 2）没有特定目的地 15.This is a very good price. 这真是太便宜了。 16.They have not much of an opinion of him. 他们对他印象不怎么好。 17.This cheese is a bit high. 这奶酪有点变质了。 18.I got some wash-and-water shirts. 我买了几件免烫衬衫。 19.He is only not a boy. 他简直是个孩子。 20.He is better singer by half.
北语20春《英汉／汉英翻译》作业4答案
20春《英汉／汉英翻译》作业4 试卷总分:100 得分:100 一、单选题(共15 道试题,共75 分) 1.I marveled at the relentless determination of the rain. A.我惊异于无情而坚定的雨 B.雨无情地下个不停，我惊异不已 答案:B 2.She was with child. A.她和孩子在一起 B.她怀着孕。 答案:B 3.sustainable development A.可持续发展 B.可维持的发展 答案:A 4.Take the chair A.主持会议 B.坐下 答案:A 5.He was given a prize. A.他得奖了 B.有人给了他一个奖。 答案:A 6.Don＇t lose time in posting this letter A.赶快把这封信寄出去 B.不要浪费时间寄这封信。 答案:A 7.Life is far from being a bed of roses. A.生活远非尽乐事 B.生活并不是不好。 答案:A 8.The burning question of my childhood had been richly answered. A.我小时候梦寐以求想得到答案的问题，终于得到了圆满的回答 B.我儿童时代在心中燃烧的问题，终于得到了充分的回答。 答案:A 9.castles in the air
A.城堡存在空气中 B.空中楼阁 答案:B 10.That lazy boy went to class before he had prepared his lesson. A.那个懒惰的小孩不预习就去上课 B.那个懒惰的小孩上课之前没有预习。 答案:A 11.The burning questio of my chinldhood had been richly answered. A.我小时候梦寐以求想得到答案的问题，终于得到了圆满的回答 B.我儿童时代在心中燃烧的问题，终于得到了充分的回答。 答案:A 12.It is a wise man that never makes mistakes. A.只有聪明的人才不会范错误 B.再聪明的人也会范错误。 答案:B 13.Mr.Kirsch, having lost all his money by this time, followed his master out into the moonlight, where the illuminations were winking out. A.基希先生这时输的两手空空，便跟着主人走出屋来，月光下彩灯闪闪烁烁，渐渐熄灭 B.基希先生这次输掉了所有的钱，跟着他的主人走到了月光下，彩灯忽闪变弱。 答案:A 14.随着人数的增加，他们力量也增加了。 A.As the increse of the number, their power is increased B.Their power increased with their number. 答案:B 15.We should never warm snakes in our bosoms. A.我们不能内心温和 B.我们决不能姑息坏人。 答案:B 二、判断题(共5 道试题,共25 分) 16.Any discourtesy shown to Chinese persons by any official of the Government will be cause for immediate dismissal. 如果有任何官方人员对中国人无礼，将会引来立即辞退。 答案:错误 17.A great elation overcame them.欣喜征服了他们。 答案:错误 18.The sense of inferiority that he acquired in his youth has never been totally eradicated.年轻时