文档库 最新最全的文档下载
当前位置:文档库 › rfc6356_Coupled Congestion Control for Multipath Transport Protocols

rfc6356_Coupled Congestion Control for Multipath Transport Protocols

rfc6356_Coupled Congestion Control for Multipath Transport Protocols
rfc6356_Coupled Congestion Control for Multipath Transport Protocols

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) C. Raiciu Request for Comments: 6356 Univ. Politehnica of Bucharest Category: Experimental M. Handly ISSN: 2070-1721 D. Wischik

Univ. College London October 2011 Coupled Congestion Control for Multipath Transport Protocols Abstract

Often endpoints are connected by multiple paths, but communications

are usually restricted to a single path per connection. Resource

usage within the network would be more efficient were it possible for these multiple paths to be used concurrently. Multipath TCP is a

proposal to achieve multipath transport in TCP.

New congestion control algorithms are needed for multipath transport protocols such as Multipath TCP, as single path algorithms have a

series of issues in the multipath context. One of the prominent

problems is that running existing algorithms such as standard TCP

independently on each path would give the multipath flow more than

its fair share at a bottleneck link traversed by more than one of its subflows. Further, it is desirable that a source with multiple paths available will transfer more traffic using the least congested of the paths, achieving a property called "resource pooling" where a bundle of links effectively behaves like one shared link with bigger

capacity. This would increase the overall efficiency of the network and also its robustness to failure.

This document presents a congestion control algorithm that couples

the congestion control algorithms running on different subflows by

linking their increase functions, and dynamically controls the

overall aggressiveness of the multipath flow. The result is a

practical algorithm that is fair to TCP at bottlenecks while moving

traffic away from congested links.

Raiciu, et al. Experimental [Page 1]

Status of This Memo

This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is published for examination, experimental implementation, and

evaluation.

This document defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet

community. This document is a product of the Internet Engineering

Task Force (IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF

community. It has received public review and has been approved for

publication by the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Not

all documents approved by the IESG are a candidate for any level of

Internet Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 5741.

Information about the current status of this document, any errata,

and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/483096598.html,/info/rfc6356.

Copyright Notice

Copyright (c) 2011 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the

document authors. All rights reserved.

This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust’s Legal

Provisions Relating to IETF Documents

(https://www.wendangku.net/doc/483096598.html,/license-info) in effect on the date of

publication of this document. Please review these documents

carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of

the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as

described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction (3)

2. Requirements Language (5)

3. Coupled Congestion Control Algorithm (5)

4. Implementation Considerations (7)

4.1. Computing "alpha" in Practice (7)

4.2. Implementation Considerations when CWND is

Expressed in Packets (8)

5. Discussion (9)

6. Security Considerations (10)

7. Acknowledgements (11)

8. References (11)

8.1. Normative References (11)

8.2. Informative References (11)

Raiciu, et al. Experimental [Page 2]

1. Introduction

Multipath TCP (MPTCP, [MPTCP-MULTIADDRESSED]) is a set of extensions to regular TCP [RFC0793] that allows one TCP connection to be spread across multiple paths. MPTCP distributes load through the creation

of separate "subflows" across potentially disjoint paths.

How should congestion control be performed for multipath TCP? First, each subflow must have its own congestion control state (i.e., cwnd) so that capacity on that path is matched by offered load. The

simplest way to achieve this goal is to simply run standard TCP

congestion control on each subflow. However, this solution is

unsatisfactory as it gives the multipath flow an unfair share when

the paths taken by its different subflows share a common bottleneck. Bottleneck fairness is just one requirement multipath congestion

control should meet. The following three goals capture the desirable properties of a practical multipath congestion control algorithm:

o Goal 1 (Improve Throughput) A multipath flow should perform at

least as well as a single path flow would on the best of the paths available to it.

o Goal 2 (Do no harm) A multipath flow should not take up more

capacity from any of the resources shared by its different paths

than if it were a single flow using only one of these paths. This guarantees it will not unduly harm other flows.

o Goal 3 (Balance congestion) A multipath flow should move as much

traffic as possible off its most congested paths, subject to

meeting the first two goals.

Goals 1 and 2 together ensure fairness at the bottleneck. Goal 3

captures the concept of resource pooling [WISCHIK]: if each multipath flow sends more data through its least congested path, the traffic in the network will move away from congested areas. This improves

robustness and overall throughput, among other things. The way to

achieve resource pooling is to effectively "couple" the congestion

control loops for the different subflows.

We propose an algorithm that couples the additive increase function

of the subflows, and uses unmodified TCP behavior in case of a drop. The algorithm relies on the traditional TCP mechanisms to detect

drops, to retransmit data, etc.

Raiciu, et al. Experimental [Page 3]

Detecting shared bottlenecks reliably is quite difficult, but is just one part of a bigger question. This bigger question is how much

bandwidth a multipath user should use in total, even if there is no

shared bottleneck.

The congestion controller aims to set the multipath flow’s aggregate bandwidth to be the same as that of a regular TCP flow would get on

the best path available to the multipath flow. To estimate the

bandwidth of a regular TCP flow, the multipath flow estimates loss

rates and round-trip times (RTTs) and computes the target rate.

Then, it adjusts the overall aggressiveness (parameter alpha) to

achieve the desired rate.

While the mechanism above applies always, its effect depends on

whether the multipath TCP flow influences or does not influence the

link loss rates (low versus high statistical multiplexing). If MPTCP does not influence link loss rates, MPTCP will get the same

throughput as TCP on the best path. In cases with low statistical

multiplexing, where the multipath flow influences the loss rates on

the path, the multipath throughput will be strictly higher than that a single TCP would get on any of the paths. In particular, if using two idle paths, multipath throughput will be sum of the two paths’

throughput.

This algorithm ensures bottleneck fairness and fairness in the

broader, network sense. We acknowledge that current TCP fairness

criteria are far from ideal, but a multipath TCP needs to be

deployable in the current Internet. If needed, new fairness criteria can be implemented by the same algorithm we propose by appropriately scaling the overall aggressiveness.

It is intended that the algorithm presented here can be applied to

other multipath transport protocols, such as alternative multipath

extensions to TCP, or indeed any other congestion-aware transport

protocols. However, for the purposes of example, this document will, where appropriate, refer to the MPTCP.

The design decisions and evaluation of the congestion control

algorithm are published in [NSDI].

The algorithm presented here only extends standard TCP congestion

control for multipath operation. It is foreseeable that other

congestion controllers will be implemented for multipath transport to achieve the bandwidth-scaling properties of the newer congestion

control algorithms for regular TCP (such as Compound TCP and Cubic). Raiciu, et al. Experimental [Page 4]

2. Requirements Language

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",

"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119] . 3. Coupled Congestion Control Algorithm

The algorithm we present only applies to the increase phase of the

congestion avoidance state specifying how the window inflates upon

receiving an ACK. The slow start, fast retransmit, and fast recovery algorithms, as well as the multiplicative decrease of the congestion avoidance state are the same as in standard TCP [RFC5681].

Let cwnd_i be the congestion window on the subflow i. Let cwnd_total be the sum of the congestion windows of all subflows in the

connection. Let p_i, rtt_i, and MSS_i be the loss rate, round-trip

time (i.e., smoothed round-trip time estimate used by TCP), and

maximum segment size on subflow i.

We assume throughout this document that the congestion window is

maintained in bytes, unless otherwise specified. We briefly describe the algorithm for packet-based implementations of cwnd in section

Section 4.2.

Our proposed "Linked Increases" algorithm MUST:

o For each ACK received on subflow i, increase cwnd_i by

alpha * bytes_acked * MSS_i bytes_acked * MSS_i

min ( --------------------------- , ------------------- ) (1) cwnd_total cwnd_i

The increase formula (1) takes the minimum between the computed

increase for the multipath subflow (first argument to min), and the

increase TCP would get in the same scenario (the second argument).

In this way, we ensure that any multipath subflow cannot be more

aggressive than a TCP flow in the same circumstances, hence achieving Goal 2 (do no harm).

"alpha" is a parameter of the algorithm that describes the

aggressiveness of the multipath flow. To meet Goal 1 (improve

throughput), the value of alpha is chosen such that the aggregate

throughput of the multipath flow is equal to the throughput a TCP

flow would get if it ran on the best path.

Raiciu, et al. Experimental [Page 5]

To get an idea of what the algorithm is trying to do, let’s take the case where all the subflows have the same round-trip time and Maximum Segment Size (MSS). In this case, the algorithm will grow the total window by approximately alpha*MSS per RTT. This increase is

distributed to the individual flows according to their instantaneous window size. Subflow i will increase by alpha*cwnd_i/cwnd_total

segments per RTT.

Note that, as in standard TCP, when cwnd_total is large the increase may be 0. In this case, the increase MUST be set to 1. We discuss

how to implement this formula in practice in the next section.

We assume implementations use an approach similar to appropriate byte counting (ABC, [RFC3465]), where the bytes_acked variable records the number of bytes newly acknowledged. If this is not the case,

bytes_acked SHOULD be set to MSS_i.

To compute cwnd_total, it is an easy mistake to sum up cwnd_i across all subflows: when a flow is in fast retransmit, its cwnd is

typically inflated and no longer represents the real congestion

window. The correct behavior is to use the ssthresh (slow start

threshold) value for flows in fast retransmit when computing

cwnd_total. To cater to connections that are app limited, the

computation should consider the minimum between flight_size_i and

cwnd_i, and flight_size_i and ssthresh_i, where appropriate.

The total throughput of a multipath flow depends on the value of

alpha and the loss rates, maximum segment sizes, and round-trip times of its paths. Since we require that the total throughput is no worse than the throughput a single TCP would get on the best path, it is

impossible to choose, a priori, a single value of alpha that achieves the desired throughput in every occasion. Hence, alpha must be

computed based on the observed properties of the paths.

The formula to compute alpha is:

MAX (cwnd_i/rtt_i^2)

alpha = cwnd_total * ------------------------- (2)

(SUM (cwnd_i/rtt_i))^2

Note:

MAX (x_i) means the maximum value for any possible value of i.

SUM (x_i) means the summation for all possible values of i.

Raiciu, et al. Experimental [Page 6]

The formula (2) is derived by equalizing the rate of the multipath

flow with the rate of a TCP running on the best path, and solving for alpha.

4. Implementation Considerations

Equation (2) implies that alpha is a floating point value. This

would require performing costly floating point operations whenever an ACK is received. Further, in many kernels, floating point operations are disabled. There is an easy way to approximate the above

calculations using integer arithmetic.

4.1. Computing "alpha" in Practice

Let alpha_scale be an integer. When computing alpha, use alpha_scale * cwnd_total instead of cwnd_total and do all the operations in

integer arithmetic.

Then, scale down the increase per ACK by alpha_scale. The resulting algorithm is a simple change from Equation (1):

o For each ACK received on subflow i, increase cwnd_i by:

alpha * bytes_acked * MSS_i bytes_acked * MSS_i

min ( --------------------------- , ------------------- ) (3) alpha_scale * cwnd_total cwnd_i

The alpha_scale parameter denotes the precision we want for computing alpha. Observe that the errors in computing the numerator or the

denominator in the formula for alpha are quite small, as the cwnd in bytes is typically much larger than the RTT (measured in ms).

With these changes, all the operations can be done using integer

arithmetic. We propose alpha_scale be a small power of two, to allow using faster shift operations instead of multiplication and division. Our experiments show that using alpha_scale=512 works well in a wide range of scenarios. Increasing alpha_scale increases precision, but also increases the risk of overflow when computing alpha. Using 64- bit operations would solve this issue. Another option is to

dynamically adjust alpha_scale when computing alpha; in this way, we avoid overflow and obtain maximum precision.

It is possible to implement the algorithm by calculating cwnd_total

on each ack; however, this would be costly especially when the number of subflows is large. To avoid this overhead, the implementation MAY choose to maintain a new per-connection state variable called

"cwnd_total". If it does so, the implementation will update the

cwnd_total value whenever the individual subflow’s windows are Raiciu, et al. Experimental [Page 7]

updated. Updating only requires one more addition or subtraction

operation compared to the regular, per-subflow congestion control

code, so its performance impact should be minimal.

Computing alpha per ACK is also costly. We propose alpha be a per-

connection variable, computed whenever there is a drop and once per

RTT otherwise. More specifically, let cwnd_new be the new value of

the congestion window after it is inflated or after a drop. Update

alpha only if the quotient of cwnd_i/MSS_i differs from the quotient of cwnd_new_i/MSS_i.

In certain cases with small RTTs, computing alpha can still be

expensive. We observe that if RTTs were constant, it is sufficient

to compute alpha once per drop, as alpha does not change between

drops (the insight here is that cwnd_i/cwnd_j = constant as long as

both windows increase). Experimental results show that even if

round-trip times are not constant, using average round-trip time per sawtooth instead of instantaneous round-trip time (i.e., TCP’s

smoothed RTT estimator) gives good precision for computing alpha.

Hence, it is possible to compute alpha only once per drop using a

modified version of equation (2) where rtt_i is replaced with

rtt_avg_i.

If using average round-trip time, rtt_avg_i will be computed by

sampling the rtt_i whenever the window can accommodate one more

packet, i.e., when cwnd / MSS < (cwnd+increase)/MSS. The samples are averaged once per sawtooth into rtt_avg_i. This sampling ensures

that there is no sampling bias for larger windows.

Given cwnd_total and alpha, the congestion control algorithm is run

for each subflow independently, with similar complexity to the

standard TCP increase code [RFC5681].

4.2. Implementation Considerations when CWND is Expressed in Packets

When the congestion control algorithm maintains cwnd in packets

rather than bytes, the algorithms above must change to take into

account path MSS.

To compute the increase when an ACK is received, the implementation

for multipath congestion control is a simple extension of the

standard TCP code. In standard, TCP cwnd_cnt is an additional state variable that tracks the number of segments acked since the last cwnd increment; cwnd is incremented only when cwnd_cnt > cwnd; then,

cwnd_cnt is set to 0.

Raiciu, et al. Experimental [Page 8]

In the multipath case, cwnd_cnt_i is maintained for each subflow as

above, and cwnd_i is increased by 1 when cwnd_cnt_i > max(alpha_scale * cwnd_total / alpha, cwnd_i).

When computing alpha for packet-based stacks, the errors in computing the terms in the denominator are larger (this is because cwnd is much smaller and rtt may be comparatively large). Let max be the index of the subflow used in the numerator. To reduce errors, it is easiest

to move rtt_max (once calculated) from the numerator to the

denominator, changing equation (2) to obtain the equivalent formula

below.

(4)

cwnd_max

alpha = alpha_scale * cwnd_total * ------------------------------------ (SUM ((rtt_max * cwnd_i) / rtt_i))^2 Note that the calculation of alpha does not take into account path

MSS and is the same for stacks that keep cwnd in bytes or packets.

With this formula, the algorithm for computing alpha will match the

rate of TCP on the best path in B/s for byte-oriented stacks, and in packets/s in packet-based stacks. In practice, MSS rarely changes

between paths so this shouldn’t be a problem.

However, it is simple to derive formulae allowing packet-based stacks to achieve byte rate fairness (and vice versa) if needed. In

particular, for packet-based stacks wanting byte-rate fairness,

equation (4) above changes as follows: cwnd_max is replaced by

cwnd_max * MSS_max * MSS_max, while cwnd_i is replaced with cwnd_i * MSS_i.

5. Discussion

The algorithm we’ve presented fully achieves Goals 1 and 2, but does not achieve full resource pooling (Goal 3). Resource pooling

requires that no traffic should be transferred on links with higher

loss rates. To achieve perfect resource pooling, one must couple

both increase and decrease of congestion windows across subflows, as in [KELLY].

There are a few problems with such a fully coupled controller.

First, it will insufficiently probe paths with high loss rates and

will fail to detect free capacity when it becomes available. Second, such controllers tend to exhibit "flappiness": when the paths have

similar levels of congestion, the congestion controller will tend to allocate all the window to one random subflow and allocate zero Raiciu, et al. Experimental [Page 9]

window to the other subflows. The controller will perform random

flips between these stable points. This doesn’t seem desirable in

general, and is particularly bad when the achieved rates depend on

the RTT (as in the current Internet): in such a case, the resulting

rate with fluctuate unpredictably depending on which state the

controller is in, hence violating Goal 1.

By only coupling increases our proposal probes high loss paths,

detecting free capacity quicker. Our proposal does not suffer from

flappiness but also achieves less resource pooling. The algorithm

will allocate window to the subflows such that p_i * cwnd_i =

constant, for all i. Thus, when the loss rates of the subflows are

equal, each subflow will get an equal window, removing flappiness.

When the loss rates differ, progressively more windows will be

allocated to the flow with the lower loss rate. In contrast, perfect resource pooling requires that all the window should be allocated on the path with the lowest loss rate. Further details can be found in [NSDI].

6. Security Considerations

One security concern relates to what we call the traffic-shifting

attack: on-path attackers can drop packets belonging to a multipath

subflow, which, in turn, makes the path seem congested and will force the sender’s congestion controller to avoid that path and push more

data over alternate subflows.

The attacker’s goal is to create congestion on the corresponding

alternative paths. This behavior is entirely feasible but will only have minor effects: by design, the coupled congestion controller is

less (or similarly) aggressive on any of its paths than a single TCP flow. Thus, the biggest effect this attack can have is to make a

multipath subflow be as aggressive as a single TCP flow.

Another effect of the traffic-shifting attack is that the new path

can monitor all the traffic, whereas before it could only see a

subset of traffic. We believe that if privacy is needed, splitting

traffic across multiple paths with MPTCP is not the right solution in the first place; end-to-end encryption should be used instead.

Besides the traffic-shifting attack mentioned above, the coupled

congestion control algorithm defined in this document adds no other

security considerations to those found in [MPTCP-MULTIADDRESSED] and [RFC6181]. Detailed security analysis for the Multipath TCP protocol itself is included in [MPTCP-MULTIADDRESSED] and [RFC6181].

Raiciu, et al. Experimental [Page 10]

7. Acknowledgements

We thank Christoph Paasch for his suggestions for computing alpha in packet-based stacks. The authors are supported by Trilogy

(https://www.wendangku.net/doc/483096598.html,), a research project (ICT-216372)

partially funded by the European Community under its Seventh

Framework Program. The views expressed here are those of the

author(s) only. The European Commission is not liable for any use

that may be made of the information in this document.

8. References

8.1. Normative References

[RFC0793] Postel, J., "Transmission Control Protocol", STD 7,

RFC 793, September 1981.

[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate

Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[RFC5681] Allman, M., Paxson, V., and E. Blanton, "TCP Congestion

Control", RFC 5681, September 2009.

8.2. Informative References

[KELLY] Kelly, F. and T. Voice, "Stability of end-to-end

algorithms for joint routing and rate control", ACM

SIGCOMM CCR vol. 35 num. 2, pp. 5-12, 2005,

.

[MPTCP-MULTIADDRESSED]

Ford, A., Raiciu, C., Handley, M., and O. Bonaventure,

"TCP Extensions for Multipath Operation with Multiple

Addresses", Work in Progress, July 2011.

[NSDI] Wischik, D., Raiciu, C., Greenhalgh, A., and M. Handley,

"Design, Implementation and Evaluation of Congestion

Control for Multipath TCP", Usenix NSDI , March 2011, .

[RFC3465] Allman, M., "TCP Congestion Control with Appropriate Byte Counting (ABC)", RFC 3465, February 2003.

[RFC6181] Bagnulo, M., "Threat Analysis for TCP Extensions for

Multipath Operation with Multiple Addresses", RFC 6181,

March 2011.

Raiciu, et al. Experimental [Page 11]

[WISCHIK] Wischik, D., Handley, M., and M. Bagnulo Braun, "The

Resource Pooling Principle", ACM SIGCOMM CCR vol. 38 num. 5, pp. 47-52, October 2008,

. Authors’ Addresses

Costin Raiciu

University Politehnica of Bucharest

Splaiul Independentei 313

Bucharest

Romania

EMail: costin.raiciu@cs.pub.ro

Mark Handley

University College London

Gower Street

London WC1E 6BT

UK

EMail: m.handley@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/483096598.html,

Damon Wischik

University College London

Gower Street

London WC1E 6BT

UK

EMail: d.wischik@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/483096598.html,

Raiciu, et al. Experimental [Page 12]

家装用尺寸一览表

家装用尺寸一览表 Revised by Hanlin on 10 January 2021

家装用尺寸一览表 ▌标准入户门洞0.9m*2m, ▌房间门洞0.9m*2m, ▌厨房门洞0.8m*2m, ▌卫生间门洞0.7m*2m ▌客厅:长沙发:240*90*75cm长方形茶几:130*70*45cm电视柜:200*50*180cm电视离沙发:3m电视高度与电视柜高差:40到120cm走道宽度:100至120cm ▌厨房:橱柜操作台:台面高80cm左右面积90*46(最小20最大60)cm吊柜:离台面60cm左右高度在145cm到150cm餐桌:餐桌高:750—790mm。餐椅高;450—500mm。圆桌直径:二人500mm.二人800mm,四人900mm,五人1100mm,六人1100-1250mm,八人1300mm,十人l500mm,十二人1800mm。方餐桌尺寸:二人700×850(mm),四人1350×850(mm),八人2250×850(mm) ▌卫生间:浴缸长度:一般有三种1220、1520、1680mm;宽:720mm,高:450mm。坐便:750×350(mm)。冲洗器:690×350(mm)。盟洗盆:550×410(mm)。淋浴器高:2100mm。化妆台:长:1350mm;宽450mm。 ▌卧室:标准双人床尺寸:150*190、150*200厘米,被套的尺寸应配180*215和200*230之间的。加大双人床尺寸:180*200厘米,被套一般为200*230或220*240。床头柜宽:400毫米-600毫米,深:350毫米-450毫米高:500毫米-700毫米。衣柜:柜门尺寸,单

2017最完整家装尺寸大全

家具设计的基本尺寸(单位:cm) 衣橱:深度:一般60~65;推拉门:70,衣橱门宽度:40~65 推拉门:75~150,高度:190~240 矮柜:深度:35~45,柜门宽度:30-60 电视柜:深度:45-60,高度:60-70 单人床:宽度:90,105,120;长度:180,186,200,210 双人床:宽度:135,150,180;长度180,186,200,210 圆床:直径:186,212.5,242.4(常用) 室内门:宽度:80-95,医院120;高度:190,200,210,220,240 厕所、厨房门:宽度:80,90;高度:190,200,210 窗帘盒:高度:12-18;深度:单层布12;双层布16-18(实际尺寸) 沙发:单人式:长度:80-95,深度:85-90;坐垫高:35-42;背高:70-90 双人式:长度:126-150;深度:80-90 三人式:长度:175-196;深度:80-90 四人式:长度:232-252;深度80-90 茶几:小型,长方形:长度60-75,宽度45-60,高度38-50(38最佳) 中型,长方形:长度120-135;宽度38-50或者60-75 正方形:长度75-90,高度43-50 大型,长方形:长度150-180,宽度60-80,高度33-42(33最佳) 圆形:直径75,90,105,120;高度:33-42 方形:宽度90,105,120,135,150;高度33-42 书桌:固定式:深度45-70(60最佳),高度75 活动式:深度65-80,高度75-78 书桌下缘离地至少58;长度:最少90(150-180最佳) 餐桌:高度75-78(一般),西式高度68-72,一般方桌宽度120,90,75;长方桌宽度80,90,105,120;长度150,165,180,210,240 圆桌:直径90,120,135,150,180 书架:深度25-40(每一格),长度:60-120;下大上小型下方深度35-45,高度80-90活动未及顶高柜:深度45,高度180-200 木隔间墙厚:6-10;内角材排距:长度(45-60)*90

家装基本尺寸大全

家具设计的基本尺寸(单位:厘米) 衣橱:深度:一般60~65;推拉门:70,衣橱门宽度:40~65 推拉门:75~150,高度:190~240 矮柜:?深度:35~45,柜门宽度:30-60 电视柜:深度:45-60,高度:60-70 单人床:宽度:90,105,120;长度:180,186,200,210 双人床:宽度:135,150,180;长度180,186,200,210 圆床:?直径:186,,(常用) 室内门:宽度:80-95,医院120;高度:190,200,210,220,240 厕所、厨房门:宽度:80,90;高度:190,200,210 窗帘盒:高度:12-18;深度:单层布12;双层布16-18(实际尺寸) 沙发:单人式:长度:80-95,深度:85-90;坐垫高:35-42;背高:70-90双人式:长度:126-150;深度:80-90 三人式:长度:175-196;深度:80-90 四人式:长度:232-252;深度80-90 茶几:小型,长方形:长度60-75,宽度45-60,高度38-50(38最佳) 中型,长方形:长度120-135;宽度38-50或者60-75 正方形:?长度75-90,高度43-50 大型,长方形:长度150-180,宽度60-80,高度33-42(33最佳)

圆形:直径75,90,105,120;高度:33-42 方形:宽度90,105,120,135,150;高度33-42 书桌:固定式:深度45-70(60最佳),高度75 活动式:深度65-80,高度75-78 书桌下缘离地至少58;长度:最少90(150-180最佳) 餐桌:高度75-78(一般),西式高度68-72,一般方桌宽度120,90,75; 长方桌宽度80,90,105,120;长度150,165,180,210,240 圆桌:直径90,120,135,150,180 书架:深度25-40(每一格),长度:60-120;下大上小型下方深度35-45,高度80-90 活动未及顶高柜:深度45,高度180-200 木隔间墙厚:6-10;内角材排距:长度(45-60)*90 桌类家具高度尺寸:700mm、720mm、740mm、760mm四个规格; 椅凳类家具的座面高度:400mm、420mm、440mm三个规格。 桌椅高度差应控制在280至320mm范围内。

家装各种最佳尺寸标准大全!

提供全方位装修指南,装修设计知识、丰富设计案例! 家装各种最佳尺寸标准大全! 家装最实际的规格尺寸 标准红砖24*11.5*53; 标准入户门洞0.9米*2米, 房间门洞0.9米*2米, 厨房门洞0.8米*2米, 卫生间门洞0.7米*2米, 标准水泥50kg/袋。 厨房 1.吊柜和操作台之间的距离应该是多少? 60厘米。 从操作台到吊柜的底部,您应该确保这个距离。这样,在您可以方便烹饪的同时,还可以在吊柜里放一些小型家用电器。 2.在厨房两面相对的墙边都摆放各种家具和电器的情况下,中间应该留多大的距离才不会影响在厨房里做家务? 120厘米。 为了能方便地打开两边家具的柜门,就一定要保证至少留出这样的距离。 150厘米。 这样的距离就可以保证在两边柜门都打开的情况下,中间再站一个人。 3.要想舒服地坐在早餐桌的周围,凳子的合适高度应该是多少? 80厘米。 对于一张高110厘米的早餐桌来说,这是摆在它周围凳子的理想高度。因为在桌面和凳子之间还需要30厘米的空间来容下双腿。 4.吊柜应该装在多高的地方? 145至150厘米。

提供全方位装修指南,装修设计知识、丰富设计案例! 餐厅 1. 一个供六个人使用的餐桌有多大? 2. 120厘米。 这是对圆形餐桌的直径要求。 140*70厘米。 这是对长方形和椭圆形捉制的尺寸要求。 2.餐桌离墙应该有多远? 80厘米。 这个距离是包括把椅子拉出来,以及能使就餐的人方便活动的最小距离。 3.一张以对角线对墙的正方形桌子所占的面积要有多大? 180*180平方厘米。 这是一张边长90厘米,桌角离墙面最近距离为40厘米的正方形桌子所占的最小面积。 4.桌子的标准高度应是多少? 72厘米。 这是桌子的中等高度,而椅子是通常高度为45厘米。 5.一张供六个人使用的桌子摆起居室里要占多少面积? 300*300厘米。 需要为直径120厘米的桌子留出空地,同时还要为在桌子四周就餐的人留出活动空间。这个方案适合于那种大客厅,面积至少达到600*350厘米。 6.吊灯和桌面之间最合适的距离应该是多少? 70厘米。 这是能使桌面得到完整的、均匀照射的理想距离。 卫生间 1.卫生间里的用具要占多大地方? 马桶所占的一般面积: 37厘米×60厘米。

装修预留的尺寸标准

【精华】室内装修,必须预留的最佳尺寸标准大全 2014-08-29筑龙房地产筑龙房地产 阅读引语 强烈推荐大家存的一份装修预留尺寸标准!!非常实用!! 现在新房子的设计一般都会交给专门的设计师来做,但哪怕是专业设计师制作的设计图稿,没有实地接触的设计师可能还会存在一些设计尺寸上的死角。另 外,落实图稿的是施工队的工人,工人往往疏忽大意就会犯错。于是房子装修完了,总是小错误不断。因此小哥觉得大家有必要存一份尺寸标准,监工时要用起来 哦!且看且分享吧! PART1:【客 厅】 【面积:20平方米~40平方米】 客厅是居室的门面,可以说对家具尺寸的要求是最严格的,多大的沙发配多大的茶几,多远的距离适合摆放电视等等,别看都是一些小数字,却足以令你的客厅成为一个舒适协调的地方。

电视组合柜的最小尺寸? 【200×50×180厘米】 对于小户型的客厅,电视组合柜是非常实用的,这种类型的家具一般都是由大小不同的方格组成,上部比较适合摆放一些工艺品,柜体厚度至少要保持30厘米;而下部摆放电视的柜体厚度则至少要保持50厘米,同时在选购电视柜时也要考虑组合柜整体的高度和横宽与墙壁的面宽是否协调。 长沙发或是扶手沙发的椅背应该有多高? 【85至90厘米】 沙发是用来满足人们的放松与休息的需求,所以舒适度是最重要的,这样的高度可以将头完全放在*背上,让颈部得到充分放松。如果沙发的*背和扶手过低,建议增加一个*垫来获得舒适度,如果空间不是特别宽敞,沙发应该尽量靠墙摆放。 扶手沙发与电视机之间应该预留多大的距离?

【3米左右】 这里所指的是在一个29英寸的电视与扶手沙发或和长沙发之间最短的距离,此外,摆放电视机的柜面高度应该在40厘米到120厘米之间,这样才能让看者非常舒适。 与容纳三个人的沙发搭配,多大的茶几合适呢? 【120×70×45厘米或100×100×45厘米】 在沙发的体积很大或是两个长沙发摆在一起的情况下,矮茶几就是很好的选择,茶几的高度最好和沙发坐垫的位置持平。 目前市场上较为流行的是一种低矮的方几,材质多为实木或实木贴皮的,质感较好。 细节补充: 照明灯具距桌面的高度,白炽灯泡60瓦为100厘米,40瓦为65厘米,25瓦为50厘米,15瓦为30厘米;日光灯距桌面高度,40瓦为150厘米,30瓦为140厘米,20瓦为110厘米,8瓦为55厘米。 PART2:【餐 厅】 【面积:10平方米~20平方米】 用餐的地方是一家人团聚最多的地方,通常也是居室中较为拥挤的一个空间,因为有较多的餐椅需要放置,也是家人同时集中的地方,所以它的尺寸就更要精打细算才能使餐厅成为一个温馨的地方。

完整家装尺寸大全

家具设计地基本尺寸(单位:) 衣橱:深度:一般;推拉门:,衣橱门宽度: 推拉门:,高度: 矮柜:深度:,柜门宽度: 电视柜:深度:,高度: 单人床:宽度:,,;长度:,,, 双人床:宽度:,,;长度,,, 圆床:直径:,,(常用) 室内门:宽度:,医院;高度:,,,, 厕所、厨房门:宽度:,;高度:,, 窗帘盒:高度:;深度:单层布;双层布(实际尺寸) 沙发:单人式:长度:,深度:;坐垫高:;背高: 双人式:长度:;深度: 三人式:长度:;深度: 四人式:长度:;深度 茶几:小型,长方形:长度,宽度,高度(最佳) 中型,长方形:长度;宽度或者 正方形:长度,高度 大型,长方形:长度,宽度,高度(最佳) 圆形:直径,,,;高度: 方形:宽度,,,,;高度 书桌:固定式:深度(最佳),高度 活动式:深度,高度 书桌下缘离地至少;长度:最少(最佳) 餐桌:高度(一般),西式高度,一般方桌宽度,,;长方桌宽度,,,;长度,,,,圆桌:直径,,,, 书架:深度(每一格),长度:;下大上小型下方深度,高度 活动未及顶高柜:深度,高度 木隔间墙厚:;内角材排距:长度()* 室内常用尺寸 、墙面尺寸 ()踢脚板高;—. ()墙裙高:—. ()挂镜线高:—(画中心距地面高度). .餐厅

() 餐桌高:—. () 餐椅高;—. () 圆桌直径:二人.二人,四人,五人,六人,八人,十人,十二人. () 方餐桌尺寸:二人×(),四人×(),八人×(), () 餐桌转盘直径;—. 餐桌间距:(其中座椅占)应大于. () 主通道宽:—. 内部工作道宽:—. () 酒吧台高:—,宽. () 酒吧凳高;一. 在客厅 .长沙发与摆在它面前地茶几之间地正确距离是多少? 厘米 在一个(**高厘米)地长沙发面前摆放一个(**高厘米)地长方形茶几是非常舒适地.两者之间地理想距离应该是能允许你一个人通过地同时又便于使用,也就是说不用站起来就可以方便地拿到桌上地杯子或者杂志. b5E2R。 .一个能摆放电视机地大型组合柜地最小尺寸应该是多少? **高厘米 这种类型地家具一般都是由大小不同地方格组成,高处部分比较适合用来摆放书籍,柜体厚度至少保持厘米;而低处用于摆放电视地柜体厚度至少保持厘米.同时组合柜整体地高度和横宽还要考虑与墙壁地面积相协调..如果摆放可容纳三、四个人地沙发,那么应该选择多大地茶几来搭配呢? **高厘米 在沙发地体积很大或是两个长沙发摆在一起地情况下,矮茶几就是很好地选择,高度最好和沙发坐垫地位置持平. .在扶手沙发和电视机之间应该预留多大地距离? 米 这里所指地是在一个英寸地电视与扶手沙发或长沙发之间最短地距离.此外,摆放电视机地柜面高度应该在厘米到厘米之间,这样才能使观众保持正确地坐姿. .摆在沙发边上茶几地理想尺寸是多少? 方形:**高厘米. 椭圆形:*高厘米. 放在沙发边上地咖啡桌应该有一个不是特别大地桌面,但要选那种较高地类型,这样即使坐着地时候也能方便舒适地取到桌上地东西. p1Ean。 .两个面对面放着地沙发和摆放在中间地茶几一共需要占据多大地空间? 两个双人沙发(规格 **高厘米)和茶几(规格**高厘米)之间应相距厘米. .长沙发或是扶手沙发地地靠背应该有多高?

装修常用家具尺寸表

装修常用家具尺寸 在工地 1、标准红砖23*11*6;标准入户门洞0.9米*2米,房间门洞0.9米*2米,厨房门洞0.8米*2米,卫生间门洞0.7米*2米,标准水泥50kg/袋。 在厨房 1.吊柜和操作台之间的距离应该是多少? 60厘米。 从操作台到吊柜的底部,您应该确保这个距离。这样,在您可以方便烹饪的同时,还可以在吊柜里放一些小型家用电器。 2.在厨房两面相对的墙边都摆放各种家具和电器的情况下,中间应该留多大的距离才不会影响在厨房里做家务? 120厘米。 为了能方便地打开两边家具的柜门,就一定要保证至少留出这样的距离。 150厘米。 这样的距离就可以保证在两边柜门都打开的情况下,中间再站一个人。 3.要想舒服地坐在早餐桌的周围,凳子的合适高度应该是多少? 80厘米。 对于一张高110厘米的早餐桌来说,这是摆在它周围凳子的理想高度。因为在桌面和凳子之间还需要30厘米的空间来容下双腿。

4.吊柜应该装在多高的地方? 145至150厘米。 这个高度可以使您不用垫起脚尖就能打开吊柜的门。 在餐厅 1.一个供六个人使用的餐桌有多大? 120厘米。 这是对圆形餐桌的直径要求。 140*70厘米。 这是对长方形和椭圆形捉制的尺寸要求。 2.餐桌离墙应该有多远? 80厘米。 这个距离是包括把椅子拉出来,以及能使就餐的人方便活动的最小距离。 3.一张以对角线对墙的正方形桌子所占的面积要有多大? 180*180平方厘米 这是一张边长90厘米,桌角离墙面最近距离为40厘米的正方形桌子所占的最小面积。 4.桌子的标准高度应是多少? 72厘米。

这是桌子的中等高度,而椅子是通常高度为45厘米。 5.一张供六个人使用的桌子摆起居室里要占多少面积? 300*300厘米。 需要为直径120厘米的桌子留出空地,同时还要为在桌子四周就餐的人留出活动空间。这个方案适合于那种大客厅,面积至少达到600*350厘米。 6.吊灯和桌面之间最合适的距离应该是多少? 70厘米。 这是能使桌面得到完整的、均匀照射的理想距离。 在卫生间 1.卫生间里的用具要占多大地方? 马桶所占的一般面积:37厘米×60厘米 悬挂式或圆柱式盥洗池可能占用的面积:70厘米×60厘米 正方形淋浴间的面积:80厘米×80厘米 浴缸的标准面积:160厘米×70厘米 2.浴缸与对面的墙之间的距离要有多远? 100厘米。想要在周围活动的话这是个合理的距离。即使浴室很窄,也要在安装浴缸时留出走动的空间。总之浴缸和其他墙面或物品之间至少要有60厘米的距离。

家装尺寸数据大全

干货│家装尺寸数据大全,大家快掏 出小本本记好了! 一、那些在工地的数据 (3) 二、那些在客厅涉及的家装数据 (4) 三、那些在厨房涉及到的家装数据 (8) 四、那些在餐厅涉及到的家装数据 (9) 五、那些在卫生间涉及到的家装数据 (11)

装修从来不是一件一蹴而就的事 它是一项关乎未来几十年生活质量的细活儿 可以精确到一丝一毫 因此了解一些家具尺寸的数据是非常必要的常识 为了有效避免以下惨烈装修车祸现场 比如心爱的沙发多出一块经常绊倒人 又比如一眼看中的床卧室竟然放不下······

下面各位装修的宝宝赶紧来围观一起涨姿势 一、那些在工地的数据 1、标准红砖23*11*6; 2、标准入户门洞0.9米*2米, 3、房间门洞0.9米*2米, 4、厨房门洞0.8米*2米, 5、卫生间门洞0.7米*2米, 6、标准水泥50kg/袋。

二、那些在客厅涉及的家装数据 1.长沙发与摆放在它面前的茶几之间的正确距离是多少? 30厘米在一个(240*90*75高厘米)的长沙发面前摆放一个(130*70*45高厘米)的长方形茶几是非常舒适的。两者之间的理想距离应该是能允许你一个人通过的同时又便于使用,也就是说不用站起来就可以方便地拿到桌上的杯子或者杂志。 2.一个能摆放电视机的大型组合柜的最小尺寸应该是多少? 200*50*180厘米这种类型的家具一般都是由大小不同的方格组成,高处部分比较适合用来摆放书籍,柜体厚度至少保持30厘米;而低处用于摆放电视的柜体

厚度至少保持50厘米。同时组合柜整体的高度和横宽还要考虑与墙壁的面积相协调。 3.如果摆放可容纳三、四个人的沙发,那么应该选择多大的茶几来搭配呢?140*70*45高厘米。在沙发的体积很大或是两个长沙发摆在一起的情况下,矮茶几就是很好的选择,高度最好和沙发坐垫的位置持平。 4.在扶手沙发和电视机之间应该预留多大的距离? 3米。这里所指的是在一个25英寸的电视与扶手沙发或长沙发之间最短的距离。此外,摆放电视机的柜面高度应该在40厘米到120厘米之间,这样才能使观众保持正确的坐姿。

淘宝店铺装修尺寸大全(终极版)

1.商品图片的尺寸:宽500*高500像素,大小在120KB以内,要求JPG或GIF格式,到发布宝贝页面上上传图片。最好大于312*310px 2.店标图片的尺寸:宽100*高100像素,大小在80K以内,支持JPG或GIF格式,动态或静态的图片均可。上传步骤:“管理我的店铺”-“基本设置”-“店标”-“浏览”-“确定” 3.宝贝描述图片的尺寸:没有特殊要求,可根据需要宽500*高500像素,大小在100K以内,这样图片的打开速度较快。要求JPG或GIF格式,静态或动态均可。将图片上传到电子相册,再复制到商品页面中去。 4.公告栏图片的尺寸:宽不超过480像素,长度不限制,大小在120KB以内GIF或JPG格式,动态或者静态均可。上传“管理我的店铺”-“基本设置”-“公告栏”-“确定”。 5.宝贝分类图片尺寸:宽不超过165,长度不限制,大小在50KB以内,要求GIF或JPG格式,动态或者静态均可,先将图片上传到电子相册得到一个缩短网址后进入“管理我的店铺”-“基本设置”-“宝贝分类” 6.旺旺头像图片尺寸:宽120*高120像素,大小在100KB以内,格式为JPG或GIF,动态或者静态均可。 7.论坛头像图片尺寸:最大为宽120*高120像素,大小在100KB以内,GIF或者JPG格式,动态或者静态图片均可。上传方法“我的淘宝”-“个人空间”-“修改资料”-“上传新头像”。 8.论坛签名档图片尺寸:宽468*高60像素,大小在100KB以内,JPG或者GIF格式,动态或者静态均可,上传“我的淘宝”-“个人空间 淘宝店铺装修最佳尺寸 普通店铺 1.店标 大小:100*100px <=80k 代码:无(图片做好后直接上传) 格式:jpg、gif 设置:管理我的店铺—基本设置—店标—浏览—选择本地做好店标文件 2. 店铺公告尺寸:320*400 3.宝贝分类尺寸:88*88和88*30(宝贝分类含3个) 4.店铺介绍尺寸:600*450 5.计数器尺寸:137*94 6.论坛签名尺寸:468*60

2019最完整家装尺寸大全!

家里装修,最重要的是什么? 不是缤纷夺目的软装搭配设计,也不是酷炫十足的多功能变化装置,而是严格把控每一个细节尺寸,保证在装修完毕之后,根本的硬件设施合乎人体工程学的基本要求,让家里每个人住着舒适开心,这才是最重要的。这里,不仅整理出了完善的室内常见尺寸,更有一些独具风格的创意设计尺寸,让家装不再是难事。 室内常见家具的基本尺寸(单位:cm) 客厅篇 沙发: 单人式:长度:80-95,深度:85-90;坐垫高:35-42;背高:70-90 双人式:长度:126-150;深度:80-90 三人式:长度:175-196;深度:80-90 四人式:长度:232-252;深度80-90 茶几: 小型,长方形:长度60-75,宽度45-60,高度38-50(38最佳) 中型,长方形:长度120-135;宽度38-50或者60-75 正方形:长度75-90,高度43-50 大型,长方形:长度150-180,宽度60-80,高度33-42(33最佳) 圆形:直径75,90,105,120;高度:33-42 方形:宽度90,105,120,135,150;高度33-42 墙面尺寸: (1)踢脚板高:8—20 (2)墙裙高:80—150

(3)挂镜线高:160—180(画中心距地面高度) 厕所、厨房门:宽度:80,90;高度:190,200,210 窗帘盒:高度:12-18;深度:单层布12;双层布16-18(实际尺寸) 厨房餐厅篇 餐桌高:75—79 餐椅高:45—50 圆桌直径:二人50,二人80,四人90,五人110,六人110-125,八人130,十人l50,十二人180。 方餐桌尺寸:二人70×85,四人135×85,八人225×85 餐桌转盘直径:70—80 餐桌间距:(其中座椅占50)应大于50 主通道宽:120—130 内部工作道宽:60—90 酒吧台高:90—l05,宽50 酒吧凳高:60一75 卧室篇 衣橱:深度:一般60~65;推拉门:70,衣橱门宽度:40~65 推拉门:75~150,高度:190~240 矮柜:深度:35~45,柜门宽度:30-60 电视柜:深度:45-60,高度:60-70 单人床:宽度:90,105,120;长度:180,186,200,210 双人床:宽度:135,150,180;长度:180,186,200,210 圆床:直径:186,212.5,242.4(常用) 室内门:宽度:80-95,医院120;高度:190,200,210,220,240 书桌:固定式:深度45-70(60最佳),高度75 活动式:深度65-80,高度75-78 书桌下缘离地至少58;长度:最少90(150-180最佳) 圆桌:直径90,120,135,150,180 书架:深度25-40(每一格),长度:60-120;下大上小型下方深度35-45,高度80-90 木隔间墙厚:6-10;内角材排距:长度(45-60)*90 室内常用尺寸(单位:cm) 客厅篇 1.长沙发与茶几之间的距离 =30cm 在一个(240*90*75)的长沙发面前摆放一个(130*70*45)的长方形茶几是非常舒适的。是能允许一人通过的同时又便于使用的理想距离。 2.一个能摆放电视机的大型组合柜的最小尺寸=200*50*180 这种类型的家具一般都是由大小不同的方格组成,高处部分比较适合用来摆放书籍,柜体厚度至少保持30厘米;而低处用于摆放电视的柜体厚度至少保持50厘米。同时组合柜整体的高度和横宽还要考虑与墙壁的面积相协调。 3.如果摆放可容纳三、四个人的沙发,应该选择搭配的茶几大小=140*70*45

家装设计尺寸标准

家具设计标准尺寸 家具设计的基本尺寸(单位:厘米 衣橱:深度:一般60~65;推拉门:70,衣橱门宽度:40~65 推拉门:75~150,高度:190~240 矮柜:深度:35~45,柜门宽度:30-60 电视柜:深度:45-60,高度:60-70 单人床:宽度:90,105,120;长度:180,186,200,210 双人床:宽度:135,150,180;长度180,186,200,210 圆床:直径:186,212.5,242.4(常用) 室内门:宽度:80-95,医院120;高度:190,200,210,220,240 厕所、厨房门:宽度:80,90;高度:190,200,210 窗帘盒:高度:12-18;深度:单层布12;双层布16-18(实际尺寸) 沙发:单人式:长度:80-95,深度:85-90;坐垫高:35-42;背高:70-90 双人式:长度:126-150;深度:80-90 三人式:长度:175-196;深度:80-90 四人式:长度:232-252;深度80-90 茶几:小型,长方形:长度60-75,宽度45-60,高度38-50(38最佳 中型,长方形:长度120-135;宽度38-50或者60-75 正方形:长度75-90,高度43-50 大型,长方形:长度150-180,宽度60-80,高度33-42(33最佳) 圆形:直径75,90,105,120;高度:33-42 方形:宽度90,105,120,135,150;高度33-42 书桌:固定式:深度45-70(60最佳),高度75 活动式:深度65-80,高度75-78 书桌下缘离地至少58;长度:最少90(150-180最佳) 餐桌:高度75-78(一般),西式高度68-72,一般方桌宽度120,90,75; 长方桌宽度80,90,105,120;长度150,165,180,210,240 圆桌:直径90,120,135,150,180 书架:深度25-40(每一格),长度:60-120;下大上小型下方深度35-45,高度80-90 活动未及顶高柜:深度45,高度180-200 木隔间墙厚:6-10;内角材排距:长度(45-60)*90 室内家具尺寸标准大全 ●电视柜尺寸: 电视组合柜最小尺寸:2000×500×1800毫米。 电视组合柜厚度:上部至少要300毫米,下部摆放电视的柜体至少要500毫米。电视柜面高度:在400—1200毫米,另一说在400-520毫米,又一说600—700毫米。电视柜:深度450—600毫米,高度600-700毫米。●沙发尺寸:

家装应该知道的尺寸讲解

客厅尺寸篇(单位:mm) 01、沙发尺寸:一般深度800~900、坐位高350~420、背高700~900 单人式:长度:800-950,深度:850-900坐垫高:350-420;背高:70-90 双人式:长度:1260-1500;深度:800-900 三人式:长度:1750-1960;深度:800-900 四人式:长度:2320-2520;深度:800-900 02、茶几尺寸:茶几高度一般在330~420,但边角茶几有时稍高一些,为430~500 03、沙发和茶几之间的距离一般控制在300比较合适 04、一般电视机和沙发之间最短距离控制在3000 05、放置台式电视机的柜台高度,一般控制在400到1200之间 06、液晶电视机壁挂高度一般控制在电视机屏幕的中心点和观看电视时的视线平行,一般在1100,常规控制在1000-1500 餐厅尺寸篇(单位:mm) 一、餐桌尺寸 圆桌直径:二人500、三人800、四人900、五人1100、六人1200 (前几种规格圆桌人均占有弧长为600-800,以满负荷使用计算,一般固定其尺寸来使用) 八人1300-1400,十人1500-l600,十二人1800-2000 (此类推下去规格,人均占弧长控制在500-550,考虑非满负荷使用状况(餐桌转盘直径;700—800) 方桌尺寸: 此只探讨长条方桌,因正方方桌可通过长条方桌来推算其所需尺寸:一般短边控制在800-850, 长边则按人均占有计算:控制在550-700,接近700为佳。 二、餐桌一般高:750—790,餐椅一般高;450—500mm 三、酒吧台高一般:900—l050,宽500,酒吧凳高;600一750

家装尺寸常识

家居装修设计常规尺寸大全【人体工程学尺寸】 一、人体工程学尺寸参考【单位:cm】 1、体重:(男:68.9 女:56.7) 2、身高:(男:173.5 女:159.8) 3、座直臀至头顶的高度:(男: 90.7 女:84.8) 4、两肘间的宽度:(男:41.9 女:38.4) 5、肘下支撑物的高度:(男:24.1 女:23.4) 6、座姿大腿的高度:(男:14.5 女:13.7) 7、座姿膝盖至地面的高度:(男:54.4 女:49.8) 8、坐姿臀部至腿弯的长度:(男:49.0 女:48.0) 9、坐姿臀宽:(男:35.6 女:36.3) 10、活动空间(可蹲空间)男:1220~1470 女:1160~1320 【家装】 一、常用室内基本尺寸【单位:mm】 1、支撑墙体:厚度2400 2、室内隔墙断墙体:厚度1200 3、木隔间墙厚:60~100——内角材排距:长度(45~60)*90 4、窗帘盒:高度:120~180——深度:单层布120—双层布160~180 5、玄关:宽1000——墙厚2400 6、阳台:宽1400~1600——长3000~4000(一般与客厅的长度相同) 7、踏步:高1500~1600——长990~1150——宽250 扶手宽100——扶手间距200——中间的休息平台宽1000 8、踢脚板高:80~200 9、墙裙高:800~1500 10、挂镜线高:1600~1800(画中心距地面高度) 11、楼梯:850~1000 12、栏杆:高度:800~1100 13、房间内通道: 宽度:650(最小) 14、餐桌后通道:宽度:750 (其中座椅占500mm) 15、人肩宽520(400~450不能通过),可通行距离760~910 16、过道:宽度:900~1200

家装用尺寸一览表

家装用尺寸一览表标准化管理处编码[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ668-MM9N]

家装用尺寸一览表 ▌标准入户门洞*2m, ▌房间门洞*2m, ▌厨房门洞*2m, ▌卫生间门洞*2m ▌客厅:长沙发:240*90*75cm 长方形茶几:130*70*45cm电视柜:200*50*180cm 电视离沙发:3m 电视高度与电视柜高差:40到120cm 走道宽度:100至120cm ▌厨房:橱柜操作台:台面高80cm左右面积90*46(最小20最大60)cm 吊柜:离台面60cm左右高度在145cm到150cm餐桌:餐桌高:750—790mm。餐椅高;450— 500mm。圆桌直径:二人500mm.二人800mm,四人900mm,五人1100mm,六人1100-1250mm,八人1300mm,十人l500mm,十二人1800mm。方餐桌尺寸:二人700× 850(mm),四人1350×850(mm),八人2250×850(mm) ▌卫生间:浴缸长度:一般有三种1220、1520、1680mm;宽:720mm,高:450mm。坐便:750×350(mm)。冲洗器:690×350(mm)。盟洗盆:550×410(mm)。淋浴器高:2100mm。化妆台:长:1350mm;宽450 mm。 ▌卧室:标准双人床尺寸:150*190、150*200厘米,被套的尺寸应配180*215和200*230之间的。加大双人床尺寸:180*200厘米,被套一般为200*230或220*240。床头柜宽:400毫米-600毫米,深:350毫米-450毫米高:500毫米-700毫米。衣柜:柜门尺寸,单扇一门宽度不超过1200mm,高度不超过2400mm。挂衣区尺寸,上衣区高度在100cm-120cm,不低于90cm,宽度在40cm;长衣区是140cm-150cm指间,不低于130cm,宽度在40cm。裤架尺寸。柜子的深度一般在600-650mm之间,那么裤架的深度范围在490- 540mm,宽度不限。 ▌灯具:大吊灯最小高度:2400mm。壁灯高:1500—1800mm。反光灯槽最小直径:等于或大于灯管直径两倍。壁式床头灯高:1200—1400mm。照明开关高:1000mm。 ▌插座、开关:

最完整家装尺寸大全

最完整家装尺寸大全 最完整家装尺寸大全 最完整家装尺寸大全 衣橱:深度:一般60~65;推拉门:70,衣橱门宽度:40~65 推拉门:75~150,高度:190~240 矮柜:深度:35~45,柜门宽度:30-60 电视柜:深度:45-60,高度:60-70 单人床:宽度:90,105,120;长度:200,210 双人床:宽度:135,150,180;长度:200,210 圆床:直径:186,212.5,242.4(常用) 室内门:宽度:80-95,医院120;高度:190,200,210,220,240 厕所、厨房门:宽度:80,90;高度:190,200,210 窗帘盒:高度:12-18;深度:单层布12;双层布16-18(实际尺寸) 沙发:单人式:长度:80-95,深度:85-90;坐垫高:35-42; 背高:70-90 双人式:长度:126-150;深度:80-90 三人式:长度:175-196;深度:80-90 四人式:长度:232-252;深度80-90 茶几:小型,长方形:长度60-75,宽度45-60,高度38-50(38最佳)

中型,长方形:长度120-135;宽度38-50或者60-75 正方形:长度75-90,高度43-50 大型,长方形:长度150-180,宽度60-80,高度33-42(33最佳) 圆形:直径75,90,105,120;高度:33-42 方形:宽度90,105,120,135,150;高度33-42 书桌:固定式:深度45-70(60最佳),高度75 活动式:深度65-80,高度75-78 书桌下缘离地至少58;长度:最少90(150-180最佳) 餐桌:高度75-78(一般),西式高度68-72,一般方桌宽度120,90,75;长方桌宽度80,90,105,120;长度 150,165,180,210,240 圆桌:直径90,120,135,150,180 书架:深度25-40(每一格),长度:60-120;下大上小型下方深度35-45,高度80-90 活动未及顶高柜:深度45,高度180-200 木隔间墙厚:6-10;内角材排距:长度(45-60)*90 1 室内常用尺寸 1、墙面尺寸 (1)踢脚板高;80—200mm. (2)墙裙高:800—1500mm.

家装的标准尺寸大全

在工地 1、标准红砖23*11*6; 标准入户门洞0.9米*2米, 房间门洞0.9米*2米, 厨房门洞0.8米*2米, 卫生间门洞0.7米*2米, 标准水泥50kg/袋。 在厨房 1.吊柜和操作台之间的距离应该是多少? 60厘米。 从操作台到吊柜的底部,您应该确保这个距离。这样,在您可以方便烹饪的同时,还可以在吊柜里放一些小型家用电器。 2.在厨房两面相对的墙边都摆放各种家具和电器的情况下,中间应该留多大的距离才不会影响在厨房里做家务? 120厘米。 为了能方便地打开两边家具的柜门,就一定要保证至少留出这样的距离。 150厘米。 这样的距离就可以保证在两边柜门都打开的情况下,中间再站一个人。 3.要想舒服地坐在早餐桌的周围,凳子的合适高度应该是多少? 80厘米。 对于一张高110厘米的早餐桌来说,这是摆在它周围凳子的理想高度。因为在桌面和凳子之间还需要30厘米的空间来容下双腿。 4.吊柜应该装在多高的地方? 145至150厘米。 在餐厅 1.一个供六个人使用的餐桌有多大? 120厘米。

这是对圆形餐桌的直径要求。 140*70厘米。 这是对长方形和椭圆形捉制的尺寸要求。 2.餐桌离墙应该有多远? 80厘米。 这个距离是包括把椅子拉出来,以及能使就餐的人方便活动的最小距离。 3.一张以对角线对墙的正方形桌子所占的面积要有多大? 180*180平方厘米 这是一张边长90厘米,桌角离墙面最近距离为40厘米的正方形桌子所占的最小面积。 4.桌子的标准高度应是多少? 72厘米。 这是桌子的中等高度,而椅子是通常高度为45厘米。 5.一张供六个人使用的桌子摆起居室里要占多少面积? 300*300厘米。 需要为直径120厘米的桌子留出空地,同时还要为在桌子四周就餐的人留出活动空间。这个方案适合于那种大客厅,面积至少达到600*350厘米。 6.吊灯和桌面之间最合适的距离应该是多少? 70厘米。 这是能使桌面得到完整的、均匀照射的理想距离。 在卫生间 1.卫生间里的用具要占多大地方? 马桶所占的一般面积:37厘米×60厘米 悬挂式或圆柱式盥洗池可能占用的面积:70厘米×60厘米 正方形淋浴间的面积:80厘米×80厘米 浴缸的标准面积:160厘米×70厘米 2.浴缸与对面的墙之间的距离要有多远? 100厘米。想要在周围活动的话这是个合理的距离。即使浴室很窄,也要在安装浴缸时留出走动的空间。总之浴缸和其他墙面或物品之间至少要有60厘米的距离。 3.安装一个盥洗池,并能方便地使用,需要的空间是多大? 90厘米×105厘米。这个尺寸适用于中等大小的盥洗池,并能容下另一个人在旁边洗漱。4.两个洗手洁具之间应该预留多少距离? 20厘米。这个距离包括马桶和盥洗池之间,或者洁具和墙壁之间的距离。 5.相对摆放的澡盆和马桶之间应该保持多远距离? 60厘米。这是能从中间通过的最小距离,所以一个能相向摆放的澡盆和马桶的洗手间应该至少有180厘米宽。 6.要想在里侧墙边安装下一个浴缸的话,洗手间至少应该有多宽? 180厘米。这个距离对于传统浴缸来说是非常合适的。如果浴室比较窄的话,就要考虑安装小型的带座位的浴缸了。

家装用尺寸一览表

家装用尺寸一览表 ■标准入户门洞0.9m*2m, ■房间门洞0.9m*2m, ■厨房门洞0.8m*2m ■卫生间门洞0.7m*2m ■客厅:长沙发:240*90*75cm?长方形茶几:130*70*45cm 电视柜:200*50*180cm?? 电视离沙发:3m?电视高度与电视柜高差:40到120cm徒道宽度:100至120cm ■厨房:橱柜操作台:台面高80cm左右?面积90*46 (最小20最大60) cm?吊柜: 离台面60cm左右??高度在145cm到150cm餐桌:餐桌高:750—790mm餐椅高;450 —500mm圆桌直径:二人500mm二人800mm四人900mm五人1100mm六人1100-1250mm 八人1300mm十人1500mm 十二人1800mm方餐桌尺寸:二人700 x 850(mm),四人1350x 850(mm),八人2250X 850(mm) ■卫生间:浴缸长度:一般有三种1220、1520、1680mm宽:720mm高:450mm 坐便:750x 350(mm> 冲洗器:690x 350(mm> 盟洗盆:550x 410(mm)o 淋浴器高: 2100mm 化妆台:长:1350mm 宽450mm ? ■卧室:标准双人床尺寸:150*190、150*200厘米,被套的尺寸应配180*215和 200*230之间的。加大双人床尺寸:180*200厘米,被套一般为200*230或220*240。 床头柜宽:400毫米-600毫米,深:350毫米-450毫米高:500毫米-700毫米。衣柜:柜门尺寸,单扇一门宽度不超过1200mm高度不超过2400mm挂衣区尺寸,上衣区高度在100cm-120cm不低于90cm宽度在40cm长衣区是140cm-150cm指间,

家装各种最佳尺寸标准大全

家装各种最佳尺寸标准大全

在客厅 1.长沙发与摆在它面前的茶几之间的正确距离是多少?30厘米 2.一个能摆放电视机的大型组合柜的最小尺寸应该是多少?200*50*180高厘米 3.如果摆放可容纳三、四个人的沙发,那么应该选择多大的茶几来搭配呢?140*70*45高厘米 4.在扶手沙发和电视机之间应该预留多大的距离?3米 5.摆在沙发边上茶几的理想尺寸是多少?方形:70*70*60高厘米。椭圆形:70*60高厘米。 6.两个面对面放着的沙发和摆放在中间的茶几一共需要占据多大的空间? 两个双人沙发(规格 160*90*80高厘米)和茶几(规格100*60*45高厘米)之间应相距30厘米。 7.长沙发或是扶手沙发的的靠背应该有多高?85至90厘米。 8.如果客厅位于房间的中央,后面想要留出一个走道空间,这个走道应该有多宽?100至120厘米。 9.两个对角摆放的长沙发,它们之间的最小距离应该是多少?10厘米。 在餐厅 1.一个供六个人使用的餐桌有多大? 120厘米。这是对圆形餐桌的直径要求。 140*70厘米。这是对长方形和椭圆形捉制的尺寸要求。 2.餐桌离墙应该有多远?80厘米。 3.一张以对角线对墙的正方形桌子所占的面积要有多大?180*180平方厘米 4.桌子的标准高度应是多少?72厘米。 5.一张供六个人使用的桌子摆起居室里要占多少面积?300*300厘米。 6.吊灯和桌面之间最合适的距离应该是多少?70厘米。 在卧室 1、双人主卧室的最标准面积是多少?12平方米 2、如果把床斜放在角落里,要留出多大空间?360*360厘米 3、两张并排摆放的床之间的距离应该有多远?90厘米 4、如果衣柜被放在了与床相对的墙边,那么两件家具这间的距离应该是多少?90厘米 5、衣柜应该有多高?240厘米 6、要想容的下双人床、两个床头柜外加衣柜的侧面的话,一面墙应该有多大?420*420厘米 在厨房 1.吊柜和操作台之间的距离应该是多少?60厘米。 2.在厨房两面相对的墙边都摆放各种家具和电器的情况下,中间应该留多大的距离才不会影响在厨房里做家务?120厘米。 3.要想舒服地坐在早餐桌的周围,凳子的合适高度应该是多少?80厘米。 4.吊柜应该装在多高的地方?145至150厘米。

家装用尺寸一览表

家装用尺寸一览表 ▌标准入户门洞0.9m*2m, ▌房间门洞0.9m*2m, ▌厨房门洞0.8m*2m, ▌卫生间门洞0.7m*2m ▌客厅:长沙发:240*90*75cm 长方形茶几:130*70*45cm电视柜:200*50*180cm 电视离沙发:3m 电视高度与电视柜高差:40到120cm 走道宽度:100至120cm ▌厨房:橱柜操作台:台面高80cm左右面积90*46(最小20最大60)cm 吊柜:离台面60cm左右高度在145cm到150cm 餐桌:餐桌高:750—790mm。餐椅高;450—500mm。圆桌直径:二人500mm.二人800mm,四人900mm,五人1100mm,六人1100-1250mm,八人1300mm,十人l500mm,十二人1800mm。方餐桌尺寸:二人700×850(mm),四人1350×850(mm),八人2250×850(mm) ▌卫生间:浴缸长度:一般有三种1220、1520、1680mm;宽:720mm,高:450mm。坐便:750×350(mm)。冲洗器:690×350(mm)。盟洗盆:550×410(mm)。淋浴器高:2100mm。化妆台:长:1350mm;宽450 mm。

▌卧室:标准双人床尺寸:150*190、150*200厘米,被套的尺寸应配180*215和200*230之间的。加大双人床尺寸:180*200厘米,被套一般为200*230或220*240。床头柜宽:400毫米-600毫米,深:350毫米-450毫米高:500毫米-700毫米。衣柜:柜门尺寸,单扇一门宽度不超过1200mm,高度不超过2400mm。挂衣区尺寸,上衣区高度在100cm-120cm,不低于90cm,宽度在40cm;长衣区是 140cm-150cm指间,不低于130cm,宽度在40cm。裤架尺寸。柜子的深度一般在600-650mm之间,那么裤架的深度范围在490-540mm,宽度不限。 ▌灯具:大吊灯最小高度:2400mm。壁灯高:1500—1800mm。反光灯槽最小直径:等于或大于灯管直径两倍。壁式床头灯高:1200—1400mm。照明开关高:1000mm。 ▌插座、开关: 客厅: 1)除特殊要求以外一般低插300mm、增加插座要与原插座持平。总电箱1850mm 2)背景墙插座。在电视柜下面的200一250mm.在电视柜上面的450一500mm.在挂电视中的1100mm. 卧室

相关文档