新概念英语第三册单词讲解_L7-11

Lesson 07 Mutilated ladies 残钞鉴别组

mutilate v.使残缺不全（＝remove part of the body）

vt.（经常用于被动语态）毁伤、残害He was mutilated in the accident, and now has only one leg.

a mutilated note 一张残缺不全的钞票

vt. 把...搞砸了You've already mutilated the novel by making such changes.

amputate['?mpjuteit] : to cut off a diseased arm or leg in an operation 截肢

lop: [l?p]cut a limb off a body 砍去手脚（limb：手足，四肢）

sever：['sev?]（in an accident)受伤而失去

mutilation n.切断, 毁损

Ladies: The ladies 女厕所TheGents 男厕所John Am .俚语）厕所Tarzen 男厕所How to go to toilet : i'd like to be excused

I have to retire for a moment

Excuse me.(较熟悉的朋友之间，注意读成降调)

chew v. 咀嚼chewing gum[g?m]口香糖bubble gum 泡泡糖

=chew at a bone

chewed up 嚼碎, 毁坏, 消耗

-- Don't get worried about your examination.=

-- Don't get chewed up about your examination.

chew on sth. =chew over sth. 琢磨I began to chew on what he had told me .

chew sb out 骂的狗血喷头

chew the fat 闲谈（to have a long friendly conversation）

Bite off more than you can chew 贪多嚼不烂

fiance n. 未婚夫(=a man who a woman is engaged to)

fiancee 未婚妻

bachelor ['b?t??l?]单身汉eligible bachelor ：a rich young man 钻石王老五

wife - to - be 准妻子husband - to-be 准丈夫

bride 新娘bridegroom 新郎groom马车车夫

mistress ['mistris]情妇fancy man 情夫

concubine['k?nkjubain]姨太太 A Farewell to concubine 霸王别姬

micro-['ma?kr??]（术语）小的；微小的

microscope ['ma?kr?sk??p]显微镜microwave oven ['?v(?)n]微波炉microfilm 微缩胶卷microbe ['ma?kr??b] 微生物，细菌microsoft 微软microsecond 一百万分之一秒, 微秒

microphone 扩音器, 麦克风microbiology 微生物学

mini- 小miniskirt 迷你裙超短裙mini car mini bus

mini break =a short holiday miniature 微型画

pocket 体型较小，方便携带的pocket money 零花钱pocket dictionary 袖珍字典

pocket camera 便携式照相机pocket edition

an empty pocket 穷光蛋

macro- ['m?kr??]（术语）大的macroeconomic 宏观经济学

safekeeping n.妥善保管 =keep something safe Please keep your ID card safe. 妥善保管你的身份证。

干坏事：do evil (动词) / evil doing (名词)

惹麻烦：make trouble (动词) / trouble making (名词)

Identify v.鉴定, 识别（= prove identity of sb or sth）He can't identify the person identity n.身份So far the archeologists have been unable to discover her identity.

= So far the archeologists have been unable to identify her.

identification n.辨认, 鉴定, 证明

spokeswoman n.女发言人

spokesman n . 发言人spokesman for the cabinet 内阁发言人

spokesman for the whit house

tradesman 生意人

statesman政治家(褒)------politician政客

woodsman 樵夫

speaker br. (下议院）议长；am. (众议员）议长Speaker of the House of Commons

Many of us no longer use man , for it seems women are not included .We prefer ‘person' instead.

Spokesman -----spokesperson

课文单词

despair n 绝望=run out of hope

The wisdom is the despair of smaller man.智慧是那些小人物望尘莫及的。

To hew a stone of hope out of the mountain of despair . 从绝望的身上砍下希望的石头。

fall into despair 掉入绝望的深渊，彻底绝望了=sink into despair

The mother fell into despair at the idea that her son sacrificed on the battle.

despair of sth (消极）He despaired of himself .

claim v. 声称Don't claim to know what you do not know .

claimed to have done sth 声称曾经做过

Up to now , no organization claimed to have been responsible for the bombing .

v.（有权利）认领claim a watch

n. 要求，索赔territorial claim 领土要求

make a claim for 对…提出要求（索赔）make a claim for damage损失feed v. 喂(feed , fed ,fed) feed one's face = eat a lot

be fed up with 喂饱I'm fed up with you. 我受够你了

=i've had it up to here with you!我对你忍无可忍了case n . 事件,案例crack the case 破案case history 病例病史

it's quite another case.完全是另外一码事。

It's a clear case of sth 简直就是It's a clear case of cheating!这简直就是作弊

It's a clear case of black mail!这简直就是敲诈concern 与…有关联（抽象）as far as i'm concerned

when sth is concerned 只有一牵扯到

When English is concerned , i am like a babe in the woods.

我一碰到英语，我就擀面杖吹火一窍不通。

Lesson 08 A famous monastery 著名的修道院

New words and expression 生词和短语

monastery n.寺院，男修道院（a sacred buiding where monks live )

monk [m??k]僧侣Brother abbot ['?b?t] n.男修道院院长

convent : a sacred building where nuns live 女修道院

nuns 修女，尼姑Sister maria 修女玛丽abbess ['?bes] n.女修道院院长

宗教词汇：Judaism ['d?u:deiiz?m] 犹太教，世界上最古老的宗教

Buddhism ['b?d?z(?)m] it’s a religion of east and central Asia , 佛教

Catholicism [k?'θ?lisi z?m]罗马天主教＝Roman catholicism

Christianity 基督教

Islam 伊斯兰教

Hinduism['hinduiz?m]印度教

Confucianism [k?n'fj???,n?zm]儒家思想，孔教（confucius 孔子）

St. ①saint 圣人

Saint valentine's ['v?l?ntain] day (february 14th )

People will send a special card , flowers esp. Red roses to someone they love

but without saying who they are .

②strait [streit] 海峡Taiwan Strait

③street [stri:t] Wall street 华尔街

pass n. ①路(a road or path which goes through) ( 通行的）

②关隘，山隘(a place that is difficult to cross) come to a pretty/ fine/ nice pass 陷入困境

对顶修饰 a dead living 虽生犹死 a living death 虽死犹生

Parting is such a sweet sorrow['s?r?u, 's?:-]. 离别是如此甜蜜的伤心。

rash adj. 匆忙的，草率的make rash decisions 匆忙的决定

Don't make rash decisions about your future , take it seriously.

perfunctory [p?'f??kt?ri] adj. 草率的，敷衍的You should never be perfunctory about your work .

haste [heist]n /v 匆忙，急忙，轻率欲速则不达More haste, less speed .

enclose v, 围起来，包围The mountains were enclosed in mist .群山被包围在薄雾中。

wrap :包裹（put cloth , paper around sb/sth）

be wrapped up with /in sth ( give too much attention to )对…过于重视而忽视了其它的东西Mr . wang has been so wrapped up with his career that he has no time to take care of his family.

整天忙于工作而忘记照顾家庭

Be wrapped up in English ! 包裹在英语中吧！

privacy n . 隐私；清静I don't want my privacy to be disturbed . 我不希望我的隐私被打挠。

You may not enjoy privacy in a busy city .在一繁忙的城市你不可能享有清静。Easter n. 复活节（宗教节日）对于基督徒来说，它仅次于圣诞节

A Christian holiday in march or april when Christians remember the death of Christ and his return to life .

课文单词：

connect v. 连接（万能）(那不打主意的时候，都可以用这个）Taiwan strait connects mainland to taiwan .

contact n,../v, 与人联系Keep in contact with sb

relate v. 联系（抽象）The rise in crimes relates closely to the increase in unemployment .

link v. 链接；与…相关Flu is linked to virus

Switzerland ['swits?l?nd]n. 瑞士(1/3人说德语）

a country in western Europe known for being a neutral country

Sweden n. 瑞典（a country in Scandinavia

found v. 建立（正式）United States was founded in 1945.

establish ：(to start a company or organization) Rockefeller established the standard oil company in 1870.

construct v.构造(框架) construct a bridge construct a sentence

build: build a house build a computer build a car

build up 增强，加强build up energy 增强体力

build up credit 树立信誉

save the lives How to save life : Don't kill me 别杀我

Please save my life

Help（fall into a river) 救命！当落水时用，其它最好别用

Spare me ! 绕过我吧

now that 既然，由于1> 用做时间连接词, 后面通常跟完成式

Now that you have left university, you have to find a job.

2> 用做原因连接词时, 后面时态不限（但原因已成事实）

Now that you won't help me, I must do the job myself.

Now that it has been quite dark outside , you may as well stay .

due to (书面语）Due to the heavy snow , i was firmly stuck on the road for 2 hours . 被困在大雪中because of (多用于口语)

Owing to (只用于句首）Owing to her help and kindness , i finally weathered the storm .度过难关Thanks to (only used to explain why or how sth good has happened )带着感激的口气，多亏了，感谢

Thankd to my beloved mother , i've got where i am today .

whenever : if ever 每当，每逢Whenever you are in trouble , just let me know .

attempt to do 企图（书面语）（to try to do sth that is difficult or dangerous)

try to do 试着（口语）

temp 引诱When you're tempted , you'll attempt .当你被诱惹的时候，你将会企图去尝试了。drop to ( temperature , price ) The price drops to only half as much as it used to .

decline v./n. （数量上的）下降 a decline in birth rate

descend v. （高度） A plane descends .

regular visitor (造访）常客

regular customer （光顾）熟客regular army 正规军regular lawyer 职业律师

parties 一群，一批量词在某种程度上描述了被修饰词的性质和特征，带有褒义或贬义的感情色彩。

a party of visitors 一群造访者

a host of friends 一群狐朋狗友

a community of monks (聚居）一群僧侣

a bevy ['bevi ]of young women (bevy 尽用来描述女性）

an odd collection of people 一群怪人

a flood of refugees[,refju'd?i:, 'refjud?i:]一群难民

a galaxy of beauties 一群美女

Lesson 09 Flying cats 飞猫

fascinate v.迷住，吸引住旅行总能激起我的兴趣Travelling always fascinates me fascination（n.魔力, 入迷, 魅力）

fascinating（adj.令人着迷的）-- Sweet music is fascinating.

fascinated（adj.感到着迷的）be fascinated with…迷上了…

He is fascinated with music.

Are you fascinated with English?

be crazy about…着迷于…-- He is crazy about music.

be mad about…着迷于…-- He is mad about music.

like, love, be fond of 喜欢-- The boy is fond of football.

enthrall v.( to be interesting in listening or watching) enthralling story 引人入胜的故事

charm v. 迷人(有魅力) Your eyes charmed me .

allure : （sth exciting , mysterious）诱惹Allure 2000 魅力两千

affectionate adj. 充满深情的Cats are affectionate animals.

affection n. (love) maternal affection=maternal love 母爱

affectionately adv. 充满深情的, 有感情的, 慈爱的The lady is looking that man affectionately sentimental adj . 多愁善感

emotional adj . 情绪化的Women are said to be more sentimental and emotional than men .

melancholy ['mel?nk?li]忧郁(多用于女性) Falling leaves give me a feeling of melancholy . mysterious adj . 神秘的，难以理解的 a mysterious stranger 一个神秘的陌生人

a mysterious plan / a mysterious explanation

mystic adj. (religion )神秘的

mystery n . （n.谜面，神秘感,费力难解的事）His death is a mystery.to weather the financial storm .

enigma[i'ni g m?] n. (书面语）谜,不可思议的东西His death is an enigma to us .

riddle ['ridl] n. 难解的谜，猜不透的事It's a riddle that Ben Larden is still at large .

Sphinx n. (an ancient image of a lion with a human head) 狮身人面兽——像谜一样的人

Ben Larden remains a sphinx .

Submissive adj . 恭顺的，顺从的be submissive to sb

Dogs and horses are submissive,but cats are never submissive to us.

Obedient（adj.服从的, 孝顺的）-- Are you obedient?

Submit（v.服从, 顺从）-- submit oneself to sb/sth

Submission（n.屈服, 降服, 服从）

docile ['d?usail]：quiet and easily controlled a docile child 听话的孩子

meek and mild (女人）温顺的，温和的，贤惠的 a meek and mild wife

feline n./adj. 猫科（的）

—ine ......科的动物

canine 犬科类的

bovine 牛类的

swine 猪类的Cast pearls before swines对牛弹琴

Independent adj . 独立的be independent of

dependent adj , 依靠的be dependent on

当孩子长大时就要学会独立而不依赖父母了。

Children ought to be independent of their parents and learn to be dependent on themselves when they are grown up .

depend v. 依靠It all depends . 这要视情况而定。The answer depends on who doe it .

Many students find english hard to learn while others not . So the answer

depends on who does it . 仁者见仁，智者见智

you can depend on me ! 交给我放心好了。

parachute n . 降落伞

parachute jump 跳伞

trooper 兵

infantry ['inf?ntri]步兵

cavalry['k?v?lri]骑兵

artillery [ɑ:'til?ri]炮兵；大炮

resistance n , 抵制；阻力air resistance 空气阻力

friction resistance 摩擦阻力

resist v. resist the temptation Never could i resist the temptation of chocolate .

Lesson 10 The loss of the Titanic“泰坦尼克”号的沉没

Southampton n.南安普敦（英国港市）

titanic adj. 巨大的（用于修饰人和物、体积大、力量大）The ship is titanic.

titan : n. (a strong and grand person in greek mythology) 大力士

colossal adj. 庞大的（= large in size） a colossal ship / monument / statue

g iant adj巨人般的 a giant fish

gigantic [,d?ai'ɡ?ntik] adj. 巨人般的a gigantic skyscraper 摩天大楼

immense adj. （adj.极广大的, 无边的）an immense hall /stadium / / iceberg

enormous（重点突出数量、程度、体积）---强调程度时比big语气, 且更正式。

We had an enormous lunch.

He made a big success. / He made an enormous success.

tremendous （= big、fast、powerful）The plane is travelling at tremendous speed.

big a big surprise a big person.（重要） a big box (large and heavy）

large （体积大、数量大）an empty large box（体积大）/ a large number of people（数量大）

huge 强调体积大a huge stone / 数量巨大a huge sum of money

great （伟大）

vast （辽阔、广阔） -- vast desert

watertight adj.不漏水的（引申为无限可击的、毫无破绽的）watertight arguments 无懈可击的论点/

watertight excuse 毫无破绽的借口water proof（adj.防水的）waterproof watch 防水手表/ waterproof coat 防水雨衣compartment n. （船）船舱；车箱car n . Am

hold n. (船底）货舱

capsule n . 太空舱

flood v.充满水（= be filled with water）-- The ship is flooded.

The room was flooded with moonlight.

-- Our classroom is flooded with sunshine.

flood into 像潮水般涌入 A lot of refugees flooded into pakistan 一大群人涌进巴基斯坦

pour into 涌入Many people poured into south africa for gold rush in the 19th century .

snow in 象雪片一样飞来Letters and presents snowed in on her birthday .

n.洪水（-- in flood 洪水泛滥）-- During the rains, the river is in flood

引申表示连续不断的、滔滔不绝的（-- in a flood of words ）

-- She blamed her husband in a flood of words on seeing him.

n. a flood of refugees 一大群难民

a flood of curses 一连串的恶毒的诅咒

a flood of letters 一大堆信函

a flood of blessings 一串美好的祝福

a flood of anger 怒发冲冠

float v. （to move in the air or on the surface of water) He is floating on air . 兴高采烈，洋洋得意

He is walking on air .

tragic 悲剧的comic 喜剧的

comedy 喜剧

tragic adj.悲惨的（= unfortunate）-- a tragic accident tragedy 悲剧

miserable（adj.痛苦的, 悲惨的）bitter adj.痛苦的

tragedy n.悲剧, 惨案（-- in tragedy以悲剧形式）-- The holiday ended in tragedy.

comedy n.喜剧comic adj.喜剧的, 滑稽的comical adj.古怪的, 可笑的（含有贬义）lookout 小心啊，留神啊Mind your head 当心你的头Watch your step 看着你脚下collide v （to hit in a different direction）collide with a car 相撞

bump into a car 追尾（朝着同向冲上去）

run into an acquaintance碰到熟人come across a word 遇到生词voyage n . 海上航行virst voyage 首航，处女航

navigation 航海navy 海军

trip 短途旅行Journey 长途旅行Tour 巡回访问，巡回比赛

Trek : a long an difficult journey esp. on food . 长途艰辛的跋涉

narrowly 狭窄的（only by a small amount留有很小的空间和余地）

勉强的narrowly escape 勉强逃离

narrowly miss 险些碰到，勉强躲过，差一点就

reluctantly 勉强的(be slow and unwilling {主观上})

reluctance n. with reluctance 不情愿的

survive sth 侥幸，大难不死the cat survived the falls .

all but 差一点，险些I all but stumbled over the step 被台阶绊了一脚，差点摔倒。

force a smile 勉强笑

tremble v.震颤（有规律的、小幅度的抖动）-- Look, your hands are trembling. what's wrong with you?

shiver v. 强调由于寒冷、惧怕而一连串地抖动-- I found he's shivering in a cold.

shudder vi.强调全身的颤栗-- The boy is shuddering, why? Because he was frightened.

slight adj.轻微的, 微不足道的-- a slight headache 点轻微的头疼/ a slight book 一本微不足道的书faint adj.微弱的（= weak adj.弱的, 虚弱的）-- faint sound, weak sound / weak voice, faint voice adj. = unconscious（失去知觉, 无意识的）-- He has been faint for a long time.

horror n . 恐怖与其最强的恐怖Horrid / horrible 口语scared

fright n . Stage fright 怯场

dread （a fear of sth in the future )惶恐不安she is filled with dread of meeting the vip 。

dreadful :extremely unpleasant 令人不悦的dreadful weather 坏天气terror n 恐怖terrorist terrible terrific 太棒了

phobia ['f?ubi?]恐惧症acrophobia [,?kr?u'f?ubj?]恐高症（acrobat ）

abandon v 抛弃(to leave sb you are responsible for)（因为某事而被迫放弃自己喜爱的事物）abandon family

forsake v. (to leave when you should stay because they need you) (雅）放弃forsake hope desert v(放弃, 遗弃, 离弃）-- desert the army / desert the duty / desert his family丧失

（you never have a feeling）

abdicate['?bdikeit]：give up the position of being a king or queen 弃位

abandon v.抛弃-- He abandoned his research because of the war.

desert （vt.

plunge v.投入，跳入（= jump or rush suddenly and wildly） plunge into the water.

jump（侧重强调快速地跳）-- The boy is jumping up and down.

leap vt. 跳跃, 跳越（-- He leapt out of the sleeping bad.）

dive vi.潜水, 跳水, 下潜, 俯冲

Lesson 11 Not guilty 无罪

guilty adj.犯罪的，违法的felt guilty He felt guilty when he did what he shouldn't have done.

felt guilty about I feel really guilty about forgetting her birthday again.

with a guily smile He said that with a guilty smile.

be guilty of 犯…罪a crime / bribery抢劫/ corruption 腐败/ defamation诽谤

malfeasance 渎职/ rape强奸/ arson放火guilt (n.罪行, 内疚) guiltily (adv.有罪地, 有罪似地)

innocence (n.清白) innocent (adj.清白的, 无罪的)

tolerant a.宽容大度的be tolerant of sth. 对宽容

A tolerant person must be easy going. 一个宽容的人一定是很好相处的。

tolerable: a 可容忍的，可接受的I find her barely tolerable.我发现她真是让人忍无可忍。

The hardship is tolerable. 这种困苦还是可以忍受的。

tolerantly (adv.) tolerance (n.宽容, 忍受, 容忍) tolerate (vt.忍受, 容忍)

declare v.（正式）宣称宣告declare war on : 对…宣战Police have now declared war on drug dealers毒贩v. 申报Do you have anything to declare? 你有要申报的吗？

declaration : n.宣言the declaration of Independence : 独立宣言

state v. 声明 A problem well stated is half solved. 说清了问题就等于解决了问题的一半。hardened a. a hardened criminal 惯犯，老手Hard harden hardened

（done-time）坐过牢的

a tough[t?f] (强硬的) guy 黑社会老大

sophisticated [s?'fistikeitid] a.精通人情世故的，老练的 a sophisticated business man.历练的商人。

veteran:['vet?r?n] ( a person who has had much experience, Especially as a soldier).

a veteran statesman政治家/teacher资深教师/=a experienced teacher

man of the world : 精通世故的人

professional: a.职业的professional teacher:职业教师regular lawyer职业律师

work ethic:职业道德industrial disease:职业病

prize-fighter:职业拳击手career diplomat:职业外交家

①occupational:职业的occupational school职业学校；技术学院

②vocational: 职业培训vocational school

vocation: n. vacation: n.= holiday be on vacation

smuggler n.走私贩子smuggling : 走私行为drug trafficking:毒品走私

trafficker:毒品走私犯（标）drug dealer:毒品走私犯（口）

officious adj. 爱管闲事的 A lot of old ladies are officious. / Officiousness (n.) adj. 非官方的, 非正式的,

adj. 专横的an officious police officer 专横的的警官

official adj.官方的, 官员的, 正式的an official inquiry 一个官方调查

officer n. 军官，公务员，政府官员

civil servant n.文职人员,公务员,公仆,(联合国等机构的行政人员)

officiously（adv.多管闲事的, 非正式的, 非官方的）

confidently adv.自信地（= with confidence 充满信心的）He went to do the work confidently.

confident (adj.自信的, 确信的)

confidence (n.信心) -- have confidence 有信心/ gain confidence 获得信心

in confidence (悄悄的,秘密的) = secretly

take sb into one's confidence以某人为心腹The boss takes his secretary into his confidence.

dreadful adj.可怕的，一团糟的（侧重于可怕的, 乱七八糟的）（= frightful adj.糟糕的, 讨厌的）

dreadful -- The room is dreadful / a frightful day

fearful（表示胆怯的, 恐惧的）she felt fearful particularly when she went out at night.

pounce: v 猛抓，扑住pounce on sb/sth（to notice a mistake and immediately criticize or disagree with it)

抓住别人的小错误，立即指责

If you make a single mistake your boss will pounce on it.

bounce:(反复迅速地)弹起

trounce[trauns]:痛打，击败

crouch: 下蹲，下伏The crouching Tiger and Hidden Dragon.卧虎藏龙

perfume n. 香水；香气wear perfume :擦着香水

scent n.香味(花的) the scent of roses :玫瑰的花香

fragrance n. 怡人的清香fragrant :清香怡人flagrant :臭名昭著（l:虫）sarcastic a.（making an unkind joke on sb） a sarcastic remark :尖酸刻薄的评价

其它的尖酸的话的表述：an acid comment: 尖酸刻薄的评论bitter words ：尖酸刻薄的话

a sharp rebuke[ri'bju:k]: 严厉的斥责

there is always a sting in his words.有些人说话话里有刺。

duty : n. 税（a tax paid on something imported or exported），特指进出口税duty free 免税的Stamp Duty 印花税

customs duty : 关税（tax paid on imported or exported）

tariff n. 关税GA TT——General agreement on Tariff and Trade 关税与贸易总协定

tax：税，税款, 税金(general expression)

property tax 财产税/income tax 个人所得税/V AT：value added tax 附加税

课文单词

particularly officious(too eager to tell people what to do)好为人师的，多事的

be particular about: care about 在意Eg: I’m not pa rticular about food.我对食物不是特别的在意。

be peculiar to: only belongs to为…所特有Eg: kimono is peculiar to Japanese.和服是日本人所特有的。

be unique to:为…所特有Eg：Kangaroos are unique to Australia.

be special for :unusual 特别的Eg: You are special for me.你对我来说是不一样的，不寻常的。go through ＝⑴to pass by go through the Green Channel.

＝⑵to look over carefully He went through all the books borrowed from the library.

＝⑶to suffer from or experience sth bad go through hardship

＝⑷use up sth 用光Peking was so expensive that we went through all the money in one week.