Direct-Q Manual EN Rev2 FTPF09550_links
D I R
E C T-Q?3S Y S T E M D I R E C T-Q3U V S Y S T E M
U S E R M A N U A L
M I L L I P O R E
Notice The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by Millipore Corporation. Millipore Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that might appear in this document. This manual is believed to be complete and accurate at the time of publication. In no event shall Millipore Corporation be liable for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising from the use of this manual.
We manufacture and sell water purification systems designed to produce pure or ultrapure water with specific characteristics (μS/cm, T, TOC, CFU/ml, Eu/ml) when it leaves the water purification system provided that the Direct-Q Systems are fed with water quality within specifications, and properly maintained as required by the supplier.
We do not warrant these systems for any specific applications. It is up to the end user to determine if the quality of the water produced by our systems matches his expectations, fits with norms/legal requirements and to bear responsibility resulting from the usage of the water.
Copyright
? 2006 MILLIPORE CORPORATION. PRINTED IN FRANCE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. THIS BOOK OR PARTS THEREOF MAY NOT BE REPRODUCED IN ANY FORM WITHOUT THE WRITTEN PERMISSION OF THE PUBLISHERS.
FTPF09550
REV. 2 – 01/06
Trademarks
Millipore and Direct-Q are registered trademarks of Millipore Corporation.
Millipak, Millex and BioPak are registered trademarks of Millipore Corporation.
SmartPak DQ3 is a trademark of Millipore Corporation.
Tygon is a registered trademark of Norton Co.
Velcro is a registered trademark of Velcro Industries, B.V.
All other trademarks are trademarks of their respective manufacturers.
Millipore’s Standard Warranty
Millipore Corporation (“Millipore”) warrants its products will meet their applicable published specifications when used in accordance with their applicable instructions for a period of one year from shipment of the products. MILLIPORE MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTY, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. THERE IS NO WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. The warranty provided herein and the data, specifications and descriptions of Millipore products appearing in Millipore’s published catalogues and product literature may not be altered except by express written agreement signed by an officer of Millipore. Representations, oral or written, which are inconsistent with this warranty or such publications are not authorised and if given, should not be relied upon.
In the event of a breach of the foregoing warranty, Millipore’s sole obligation shall be to repair or replace, at its option, the applicable product or part thereof, provided the customer notifies Millipore promptly of any such breach. If after exercising reasonable efforts, Millipore is unable to repair or replace the product or part, then Millipore shall refund to the customer all monies paid for such applicable product or part. MILLIPORE SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL OR ANY OTHER INDIRECT DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ECONOMIC LOSS OR PROPERTY DAMAGE SUSTAINED BY ANY CUSTOMER FROM THE USE OF ITS PRODUCTS.
Directive 2002/96 EC : For European users only
The symbol “crossed bin” on a product or its packaging indicates that the
product should not be treated like household waste when discarded.
Instead the product should be disposed of at a location that handles
discarded electric or electronic equipment.
Proper disposal of equipment containing electric or electronic components
will help to reduce pollution effects to the environment or to human health.
Proper recycling of these products helps in environmental preservation and
helps to protect natural resources. For more information about recycling of
products containing electric or electronic components, please contact your
local recycling representative or organisation.
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
EUROPEAN UNION EC DIRECTIVE
Direct-Q
?The Direct-Q System mentioned above is manufactured in Millipore SAS - 67120 Molsheim - FRANCE - facilities whose quality management system is approved by an accredited registering body to the ISO9001 Quality System Standards.
?We certify that these Lab Direct-Q Systems are designed and manufactured in application of the following European Council directives:
- 89/336/CEE relating to Electromagnetic compatibility
- 73/23/CEE relating to electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage
limits
?Standards to which conformity is declared as applicable are the following :
-EN 61326-1: 1997: Electrical equipment for measurement, control and
laboratory use – EMC requirements.
-EN 61010-1: 2001: Safety requirements for electrical equipment for
measurement, control, and laboratory use.
Guy REYMANN
Quality Assurance Manager
1-1U SING THIS M ANUAL (1)
1-2S AFETY I NFORMATION (1)
1-3C ONTACTING M ILLIPORE (2)
Internet and Email (2)
Manufacturing Site (2)
C HAPTER 2P RODUCT I NFORMATION (3)
2-1D IRECT-Q S YSTEM O VERVIEW (3)
2-2D IRECT-Q P RODUCT W ATER S PECIFICATIONS (3)
Water Flowrate Specifications (3)
Product Water Quality (3)
2-3S CHEMATIC OF M AIN C OMPONENTS (4)
2-4O PERATING PRINCIPLE (4)
2-5T ECHNICAL S PECIFICATIONS (5)
Dimensions (5)
Weight (5)
Noise Level (5)
Electrical (5)
C HAPTER 3P RE I NSTALLATION (6)
3-1I NSTALLATION R EQUIREMENTS (6)
Feedwater Requirements (6)
Feedwater Connection Needed (6)
Reject Flow Requirement (6)
Environmental Requirements (7)
3-2O PTIONAL E QUIPMENT Y OU M AY N EED (7)
Wall Mounting Bracket (7)
External Tank Connector (7)
3-3U NPACKING THE D IRECT-Q?W HAT’S I NSIDE? (8)
4-1P REPARATION OF THE S YSTEM (9)
4-2C ONNECTION OF T UBING (10)
Feedwater Tubing (10)
Reject Tubing (11)
Overflow Tubing (11)
Tank Outlet Tubing (12)
4-3C ONNECTION OF THE P OWER C ORD ?T URNING ON THE S YSTEM P OWER (13)
Start-up Displays (13)
4-4I NSTALLATION OF THE S MART P AK (14)
Installation (14)
Flush Mode (16)
Rinsing the SmartPak (16)
4-5I NSTALLATION OF THE V ENT F ILTER (17)
4-6I NSTALLATION OF THE T YGON T UBING (17)
4-7P URGING A IR FROM THE S YSTEM (18)
4-8H YDRATING THE S YSTEM (18)
4-9I NSTALLATION AND R INSING OF THE F INAL F ILTER (19)
4-10H OW TO C ALIBRATE THE F LOWRATE FROM THE D IRECT-Q(F02) (20)
4-11H OW TO S HOW R ESISTIVITY OR C ONDUCTIVITY U NITS (C01) (22)
With Temperature Compensated or non Temperature Compensated values (22)
4-12H OW TO S ET THE R ESISTIVITY S ETPOINT (C02) (24)
C HAPTER 5U SING THE D IRECT-Q (26)
5-1U NDERSTANDING THE D ISPLAY (26)
5-2H OW TO G ET W ATER FROM THE D IRECT-Q (26)
Product Water Using the Dispensing Button (26)
RO Water Using the Tank Outlet Valve (27)
How to Dispense an Exact Amount of Product Water (F01) (28)
5-3O PERATING M ODES (30)
Standby (30)
Flush (30)
Filling Tank (31)
Pre Operate (31)
Dispensing (32)
Auto-Dispensing (32)
5-4H OW TO VIEW THE P RODUCT R ESISTIVITY AND T EMPERATURE IN F ILLING T ANK MODE OR IN P RE
O PERATE MODE (33)
5-5H OW TO VIEW THE RO P ERMEATE C ONDUCTIVITY IN F ILLING T ANK MODE OR IN P RE
O PERATE MODE (33)
5-6H OW TO RECIRCULATE WATER MANUALLY BEFORE DISPENSING (34)
5-7H OW TO U NDERSTAND D IRECT-Q MESSAGES (35)
Pack Alarm (35)
UV Lamp Alarm (35)
Flush: Open Tank Outlet Valve (36)
C HAPTER 6M AINTENANCE (37)
6-1M AINTENANCE S CHEDULE (37)
6-2H OW TO R EPLACE THE S MART P AK (38)
Removing the SmartPak (38)
Installation (39)
Flush Mode (40)
Rinsing the SmartPak (40)
Replacing the Vent Filter (41)
Installing the Tygon Tubing (41)
Purging Air from the System (41)
Hydrating the System (41)
Replacing the Final Filter (41)
6-3H OW TO R EPLACE THE F INAL F ILTER (42)
6-4H OW TO C LEAN THE S CREEN F ILTER (43)
6-5H OW TO C ALIBRATE THE T ANK L EVEL (C04) (44)
6-6H OW TO E MPTY THE T ANK (C03) (46)
6-7H OW TO S ANITIZE THE S YSTEM (48)
Things to Know BEFORE you sanitize the System and the Tank (48)
Sanitizing the System and the Tank (49)
6-8H OW TO S ANITIZE THE T ANK ONLY (53)
Things to Know BEFORE you sanitize the Tank (53)
Sanitizing the Tank (54)
6-9H OW TO R EPLACE THE UV L AMP (UV S YSTEM ONLY) (57)
Removing the UV Lamp (58)
Installing the new UV Lamp (59)
6-10H OW TO V IEW OR R ESET THE UV L AMP T IMER (C05) (60)
How to View the Remaining Days on the UV Lamp Timer (60)
How to Reset the UV Lamp Timer (61)
C HAPTER 7T ROUBLESHOOTING (62)
C HAPTER 8O RDERING I NFORMATION (65)
8-1C ATALOGUE N UMBERS FOR D IRECT-Q S YSTEMS (65)
8-2C ATALOGUE N UMBERS FOR C ONSUMABLES (65)
8-3C ATALOGUE N UMBERS FOR A CCESSORIES (65)
Chapter 1I NTRODUCTION
1-1U SING THIS M ANUAL
This User Manual is a guide for use during the installation, normal operation and maintenance of a Direct-Q 3 or a Direct-Q 3 UV Water Purification System. ‘Direct-Q’ is used in this manual to refer to either the Direct-Q 3 or the Direct-Q 3 UV unless otherwise noted. It is highly recommended to completely read this manual and to fully comprehend its contents before attempting normal operation or maintenance of the Water Purification System.
1-2S AFETY I NFORMATION
Your Direct-Q System should be operated according to the instructions in this manual. In particular, the hydraulic and electrical specifications should be followed and met. It is important to use this equipment as specified in this manual; using this equipment in a different manner may impair the safety precautions of the Direct-Q System.
Symbol What it means
This
HAZARD symbol is used to refer to instructions in this manual that
need to be done safely and carefully.
!
This
ATTENTION symbol is used to refer to instructions in this manual that
need to be done carefully.
This
UV RADIATION sticker is used to refer to a position on the Direct-Q
System Cabinet or inside of it where exposure to UV light is possible.
DANGER sticker is used to refer to a position on the Direct-Q System This
Cabinet or inside of it that could be hazardous.
This
ELECTRICAL GROUND sticker is used to refer to a position on the
Direct-Q System Cabinet or inside where an electrical ground connection
is made.
This
ELECTRICAL DANGER sticker is used to refer to a position on the
Direct-Q System Cabinet or inside where an electrical danger could exist.
1-3C ONTACTING M ILLIPORE
I NTERNET
The Millipore Internet Site can be used to find addresses, telephone/fax numbers and other information.
Internet Site Address: https://www.wendangku.net/doc/433279851.html,
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/433279851.html,/techservice
M ANUFACTURING S ITE
Millipore SAS
67120 Molsheim
FRANCE
Chapter 2
P RODUCT I NFORMATION
2-1 D IRECT -Q S YSTEM O VERVIEW
DISPLAY
The DISPENSING BUTTON is used to get Product Water. The KEYPAD is used to access operating functions and system settings.
2-2 D IRECT -Q P RODUCT W ATER S PECIFICATIONS
W ATER F LOWRATE S PECIFICATIONS
RO WATER FLOWRATE DISPENSING
FLOWRATE REJECT WATER FLOWRATE (5°C < T < 35°C)
3 LPH ± 15% @ 25°C
Up to 42 LPH
30 LPH
P RODUCT W ATER Q UALITY
Resistivity 18.2 M Ω.cm @ 25 °C Conductivity
0.056 μS/cm @ 25 °C Total Organic Carbon (TOC) < 5 μg/L (ppb) (with UV) < 10 μg/L (ppb) (without UV) Micro-Organisms
< 1 CFU/ml (with Millipak Filter)
2-3S CHEMATIC OF M AIN C OMPONENTS
1 Booster Pump 8 6 Litre Tank
2 Inlet Solenoid Valve 9 Distribution Pump
3 SmartPak DQ3
(Pretreatment and RO Cartridge)
10 UV Lamp 185 nm (UV System)
4 RO Reject Solenoid Valve 11 SmartPak DQ3
(Ion Exchange Polisher Cartridge)
5 RO Reject Capillary 12 Product
Resistivity
Cell
6 Check Valve 13 Point-of-Use (POU) Solenoid Valve
7 RO Permeate Conductivity Cell 14 Final Filter
2-4O PERATING PRINCIPLE
Potable tap water enters the SmartPak DQ3 through the Booster Pump. The SmartPak DQ3 (called ‘SmartPak’ for the remainder of this manual) is an all-in-one twin-cartridge containing three water purification technologies. The first cartridge combines Pretreatment media and a Reverse Osmosis (RO) membrane. The second cartridge contains Ion Exchange resin. The SmartPak is a consumable device that needs to be periodically replaced during the maintenance of the system.
Tap water is pretreated to protect the RO membrane from organic fouling and chlorine oxidation. The RO membrane has 2 exiting streams. The RO water is stored temporarily in the 6 Litre tank. The ions, particles, organic molecules and bacteria rejected by the RO membrane are sent to the drain via the Reject Tubing.
During Dispensing mode, the Distribution Pump turns on. The RO water is pumped from the tank into the UV Lamp (UV System). The UV Lamp emits light at 185 nm and 254 nm. It is used to reduce levels of organic molecules in the water. The UV Lamp is a consumable device that needs to be periodically replaced during the maintenance of the system. The RO water is then sent to the Ion Exchange Polisher cartridge to deionize the water. The Final Filter is a membrane based filter that removes all particles and bacteria with a size greater than the filter pore size. The Final Filter is a consumable device. Product Water is regularly recirculated to enhance the quality of water delivered from the Direct-Q.
2-5T ECHNICAL S PECIFICATIONS
D IMENSIONS
?Depth: 64 cm
W EIGHT
SYSTEM Direct-Q 3 Direct-Q 3 UV
Operating Weight 17.6 kg 18.2 kg
Dry Weight 8.1 kg 8.6 kg
Shipping Weight 13.4 kg 13.9 kg
N OISE L EVEL
A Direct-Q System has a maximum noise level of 50 d
B at a distance of 1 metre away.
E LECTRICAL
?100 VAC ± 10%, 50/60 Hz. 0.68 amp source, 2 amp T (Time Lag) fuse, Power = 100 VA ?120 VAC ± 10%, 50/60 Hz. 0.60 amp source, 2 amp T fuse, Power = 100 VA
?230 VAC ± 10%, 50/60 Hz. 0.37 amp source, 2 amp T fuse, Power = 100 VA
The source of electrical power should be within 2.5 metres of the system.
The source of electrical power must be earth grounded.
Chapter 3P RE I NSTALLATION
3-1I NSTALLATION R EQUIREMENTS
F EEDWATER R EQUIREMENTS
Type of Feedwater Potable
Flowrate ≥ 40 LPH
Minimum Pressure ≥ 0.5 bar
Maximum Pressure ≤ 6 bar
μS/cm
2000 Conductivity <
°C
35
Temperature 5
to pH 4 - 10
Fouling Index < 10
Iron < 0.1 ppm as CaCO3
Aluminum < 0.05 ppm as CaCO3
Manganese < 0.05 ppm as CaCO3
Free Chlorine < 1 ppm
Langelier Saturation Index < +0.2
TOC < 2000 ppb
F EEDWATER C ONNECTION N EEDED
Feedwater Piping Connection 1/2 inch Male GAZ, NPTM or BSPM
R EJECT F LOW R EQUIREMENT
Drain Capacity 30 LPH
E NVIRONMENTAL R EQUIREMENTS
Indoor Use Only
Storage Temperature 5 °C < T < 40 °C
Operating Temperature 5 °C < T < 40 °C
Relative Humidity
Should not exceed 80% for temperatures below 31 °C Should stay within 50% to 80% between 31 °C and 40 °C.
Altitude < 3000 metres
Installation Category II
Pollution Degree 2
3-2O PTIONAL E QUIPMENT Y OU M AY N EED
W ALL M OUNTING B RACKET
The Millipore Catalogue Number for the Wall Mounting Bracket is WMBSMT001. The mounting hardware for attaching the bracket to a wall is not included and must be supplied.
E XTERNAL T ANK C ONNECTOR
The Millipore Catalogue Number for a Tank Connector Kit is TANKPECKT. An external tank holding up to 30 Litres can be used instead of the internal 6 Litre tank. The Tank Connector Kit is used to connect the
30 L tank to the system. The mounting hardware for connecting the external tank to the system is not
included and must be supplied. The Millipore Catalogue Number for the 30 L PE Reservoir is TANKPE030.
3-3U NPACKING THE D IRECT-Q?W HAT’S I NSIDE?
Open the Direct-Q System Shipping Box. Use the checklist included in the Accessories Bag to make sure all items were shipped and are accounted for. It is highly suggested to become familiar with the items that are shipped since these will be used in the Installation section of this manual.
Contact Millipore if an item is missing.
Chapter 4I NSTALLATION
4-1P REPARATION OF THE S YSTEM
Open the front cover. Locate the tie wrap used to hold the Booster Pump in place during shipping
(A).
Press on the tab of the tie wrap (B). Remove and pull the tie wrap out.
Locate the protective foam found at the UV lamp cable. Remove it (C).
A
B
C
4-2C ONNECTION OF T UBING
Rotate the Direct-Q so you can see the back of the system (see photo A).
A
1. FEEDWATER TUBING 3. OVERFLOW TUBING
2. REJECT TUBING
4. TANK
OUTLET
3
1 2
4
F EEDWATER T UBING
Locate the Feedwater Tubing exiting from the bottom middle of the system (B). A 1/2 inch Female GAZ fitting with a screen filter is attached at the end of this tubing. Unroll it until the fitting reaches the Feedwater source.
Apply white tape on the thread of the 1/2 inch Male GAZ valve or fitting of the Feedwater source.
Connect the fitting to the valve (C).
B
C FEEDWATER TUBING
R EJECT T UBING
Locate the Reject Tubing exiting from the bottom middle of the system (D). Unroll it.
Secure the tubing into a sink or drain.
D
REJECT TUBING
O VERFLOW T UBING
Locate the Overflow Tubing exiting from the bottom right of the system (E). Unroll it.
Secure the tubing into a sink or drain.
E
OVERFLOW TUBING
I NSTALLATION
T ANK O UTLET T UBING
F
G
H
I
Locate the Tank Outlet Valve, the Tank Outlet Tubing and the adaptor fitting in the Accessories Bag.
Install the Tank Outlet Valve and Tubing as shown (F, G, and H).
Open the Tank Outlet Valve (I). This allows the tank to be emptied of any water in it. This is necessary when the SmartPak is flushed with
water after it is installed.
压力传感器分类与简介
将压力转换为电信号输出的传感器。通常把压力测量仪表中的电测式仪表称为压力传感器。压力传感器一般由弹性敏感元件和位移敏感元件（或应变计）组成。弹性敏感元件的作用是使被测压力作用于某个面积上并转换为位移或应变，然后由位移敏感元件（见位移传感器）或应变计（见电阻应变计、半导体应变计）转换为与压力成一定关系的电信号。有时把这两种元件的功能集于一体，如压阻式传感器中的固态压力传感器。压力是生产过程和航天、航空、国防工业中的重要过程参数，不仅需要对它进行快速动态测量，而且还要将测量结果作数字化显示和记录。大型炼油厂、化工厂、发电厂和钢铁厂等的自动化还需要将压力参数远距离传送（见遥测），并要求把压力和其他参数，如温度、流量、粘度等一起转换为数字信号送入计算机。因此压力传感器是极受重视和发展迅速的一种传感器。压力传感器的发展趋势是进一步提高动态响应速度、精度和可靠性以及实现数字化和智能化等。常用压力传感器有电容式压力传感器、变磁阻式压力传感器（见变磁阻式传感器、差动变压器式压力传感器）、霍耳式压力传感器、光纤式压力传感器（见光纤传感器）、谐振式压力传感器等。 传感器的基本知识 一、传感器的定义 国家标准GB7665-87对传感器下的定义是：“能感受规定的被测量并按照一定的规律转换成可用信号的器件或装置，通常由敏感元件和转换元件组成”。传感器是一种检测装置，能感受到被测量的信息，并能将检测感受到的信息，按一定规律变换成为电信号或其他所需形式的信息输出，以满足信息的传输、处理、存储、显示、记录和控制等要求。它是实现自动检测和自动控制的首要环节。 二、传感器的分类 目前对传感器尚无一个统一的分类方法，但比较常用的有如下三种： １、按传感器的物理量分类，可分为位移、力、速度、温度、流量、气体成份等传感器 ２、按传感器工作原理分类，可分为电阻、电容、电感、电压、霍尔、光电、光栅、热电偶等传感器。 ３、按传感器输出信号的性质分类，可分为：输出为开关量（“１”和"０”或“开”和“关”）的开关型传感器；输出为模拟型传感器；输出为脉冲或代码的数字型传感器。 关于传感器的分类： 1.按被测物理量分：如：力，压力，位移，温度，角度传感器等； 2.按照传感器的工作原理分：如：应变式传感器、压电式传感器、压阻式传感器、电感式传感器、电容式传感器、光电式传感器等； 3.按照传感器转换能量的方式分： （1）能量转换型：如：压电式、热电偶、光电式传感器等； （2）能量控制型：如：电阻式、电感式、霍尔式等传感器以及热敏电阻、光敏电阻、湿敏电阻等； 4.按照传感器工作机理分： （1）结构型：如：电感式、电容式传感器等； （2）物性型：如：压电式、光电式、各种半导体式传感器等； 5.按照传感器输出信号的形式分： （1）模拟式：传感器输出为模拟电压量； （2）数字式：传感器输出为数字量，如：编码器式传感器。 三、传感器的静态特性 传感器的静态特性是指对静态的输入信号，传感器的输出量与输入量之间所具有相互关系。因为这时输入量和输出量都和时间无关，所以它们之间的关系，即传感器的静态特性可用一个不含时间变量的代数方
压力传感器动态数字滤波的实现方法_图文.
匡亘垂塑雯亚亟壅垂薹蛩 传感器与仪器仪表 文章编号＂１００８－－０５７０（２００８）１２－－１－－０１２７．－０２ 一种压力传感器动态数字滤波的实现方法 ＡＭｅｔｈｏｄｆｏｒ Ｄｙｎａｍｏ，ｄｉｇ加ｔｆｉｌｔｅｒＩｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆＰｒｅｓｓｕｒｅＳｅｎｓｏｒｓ （南京工业大学）毛丽民孙冬梅程明霄 ＭＡＯ Ｌｉ－－ｍｉｎＳＵＮＤｏｎ９?ｍｅｉ ＣＨＥＮＧＭｉｎｇ－－ｘｉａｏ 摘要：本文运用高斯一牛顿法，根据压力传感器的响应曲线建立了传感器的动态模型。该方法可使拟合结果逼近无偏估计。从而提高拟合的精度。为提高传感器动态特性．采用零极点配置法根据动态模型设计了动态补偿数字滤波器。运用Ａｌｔｅｒａ提 供的ＤＳＰＢｕｉｌｄｅｒ开发工具从Ｓｉｍｕｌｉｎｋ模型自动生成ｖＨＤＬ代码．并在ＦＰＧＡ上实现了３阶ｌｌＲ的数字滤波器，通过仿真取得了较好的效果。 ． 关键词：高斯—牛顿法；压力传感器：数字滤波器
中图分类号：ＴＰ２１２ 文献标识码：Ａ Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：ＴｈｉｓａｒｔｉｃｌｅｕｔｉｌｉｚｅｓＣ，ＢＵＳＳ—Ｎｅｗｔｏｎｍｅｔｈｏｄ．ｈａｓｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｆｌｌｊ，ｌｌＳＯｒ ｄｙｎａｍｉｃｍｏｄｅｌａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ ｔｏ ｔｈｅｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ．８Ｐ，ｎ，ｓｏｌｒ ｒｅ． ｓｐｏｎｓｅＣｌｌｌＷｅ．Ｔｈｉｓｍｅｔｈｏｄ ｅｌｌｌｌ．ｂ］ｅ ｔｈｅｆｉｔｔｉｎｇｒｅｔｓｕｈ ｔｏ ａｐｐｒｏａｃｈ ｔｈｅｕｎｂｉａｓｓｅｄｅｓｔｉｍａｔｅ，ａｎｄＰ，ｎｈａｌｌＣｔｐ ｆｉｔｔｉｎｇｐｒｅｃｉｓｉｏｎ．Ｄｙｎａｍｉｃａｌ ｃｏｒｎ?
ｐｅｎｓａｔｏｒｄｉｇｉｔａｌｌ融ｔｅｒｆｏｒＰｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ．ｆｌＰ，ｌｌｓｏｒｈａｓｂｅｅｎｄｅｓｉｇｎｅｄ ｂｙｚｅｒｏ—ｐｏｌｅｐｌａｃｅｍｅｎｔａｃｅｏｒ（１ｉｎｇ ｔｏ ｄｙｎａｍｉｃｍｏｄｅｌ ＵｓｉｎｇＤＳＰＢｕｉｌｄｅｒｗｈｉｃｈｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｄｂｙ Ａｌｔｅｒａｈａｓａｕｔｏｍａｔｉｃａｌｌｙｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｄ ｔｈｅＶＨＤＬｃｏｄｅ ｆｒｏｍｔｈｅＳｉｍｕｌｉｎｋｍｏｄｅｌ，ｈａｓ ｒｅａｌｉｚｅｄ １ｔ ３ ｓｔｅｐｓＩＩＲｆｉｌｔｅｒ Ｏｉｌ ＦＰＧＡ，ａｎｄｔａｋｅｔｈｅ＃ｒｏｏｄ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｓｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ． ‘ Ｋｅｙｗｏｒｄｓ：Ｇａｕｓｓ－Ｎｑｅｗｔｏｎｍｅｔｌａｏｄ；Ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅｓｅｎ．ｓｏｌ＇；Ｄｉｇｉｔａｌ脚ｔｅｒ
压力传感器工作原理
电阻应变式压力传感器工作原理细解 2011-10-14 15:37元器件交易网 字号： 中心议题： 电阻应变式压力传感器工作原理 微压力传感器接口电路设计 微压力传感器接口系统的软件设计 微压力传感器接口电路测试与结果分析 解决方案： 电桥放大电路设计 AD7715接口电路设计 单片机接口电路设计 本文采用惠斯通电桥滤出微压力传感器输出的模拟变量，然后用INA118放大器将此信号放大，用7715A/D 进行模数转换，将转换完成的数字量经单片机处理，最后由LCD 将其显示，采用LM334 做的精密5 V 恒流源为电桥电路供电，完成了微压力传感器接口电路设计，既能保证检测的实时性，也能提高测量精度。 微压力传感器信号是控制器的前端，它在测试或控制系统中处于首位，对微压力传感器获取的信号能否进行准确地提取、处理是衡量一个系统可靠性的关键因素。后续接口电路主要指信号调节和转换电路，即能把传感元件输出的电信号转换为便于显示、记录、处理和控制的有用电信号的电路。由于用集成电路工艺制造出的压力传感器往往存在：零点输出和零点温漂，灵敏度温漂，输出信号非线性，输出信号幅值低或不标准化等问题。本文的研究工作，主要集中在以下几个方面：
(1)介绍微压力传感器接口电路总体方案设计、系统的组成和工作原理。 (2)系统的硬件设计，介绍主要硬件的选型及接口电路，包括A/D 转换电路、单片机接口电路、1602显示电路。 (3)对系统采用的软件设计进行研究，并简要阐述主要流程图，包括主程序、A/D 转换程序、1602显示程序。 1 电阻应变式压力传感器工作原理 电阻应变式压力传感器是由电阻应变片组成的测量电路和弹性敏感元件组合起来的传感器。当弹性敏感元件受到压力作用时，将产生应变，粘贴在表面的电阻应变片也会产生应变，表现为电阻值的变化。这样弹性体的变形转化为电阻应变片阻值的变化。把4 个电阻应变片按照桥路方式连接，两输入端施加一定的电压值，两输出端输出的共模电压随着桥路上电阻阻值的变化增加或者减小。一般这种变化的对应关系具有近似线性的关系。找到压力变化和输出共模电压变化的对应关系，就可以通过测量共模电压得到压力值。 当有压力时各桥臂的电阻状态都将改变，电桥的电压输出会有变化。 式中：Uo 为输出电压，Ui 为输入电压。 当输入电压一定且ΔRi <
数字压力传感器使用手册
CY200数字压力传感器 使用手册 成都泰斯特电子信息有限公司 2014年4月
目录 1.CY200数字压力传感器简介 ................................................. - 1 - 2.CY200结构及附件 (2) 2.1. CY200结构及尺寸 (2) 2.2. 485-USB转换器 (2) 2.3. Pin5-Pin5连接线 (3) 2.4. 485-20集线器 (3) 3.CY200的连接方式 (3) 4.压力测试软件 (5) 4.1. 网络设置 (5) 4.2. 网线定义 (6) 4.3. 驱动的安装 (6) 4.4. 插件程序安装 (9) 4.5. Smart Sensor4.10 应用程序安装 (11) 5.Smart Sensor使用说明 (14) 5.1. 传感器连接 (14) 5.2. 采集参数设置 (16) 5.3. 传感器参数设置 (16) 5.4. 观察曲线分析 (17) 6.常用快捷功能键 (18) 7.数据查看、保存及回放 (23) 7.1. 观察传感器即时值 (23) 7.2. 数据保存及其他 (23) 8.附录_Smart Sensor压力测试系统 (26) 8.1. 附录1 二进制数据.stst文件格式 (26) 8.2. 附录2 文本文件格式 (26)
1.CY200数字压力传感器简介 CY200系列智能数字压力传感器用目前国际最新的SOC（单片机系统）芯片，结合MEMS加工的压阻硅晶体为敏感器件，充分利用微处理器的处理和存储能力，实现对敏感部件拾取的压力信号进行滤波、放大、A/D转换、校正等功能，直接输出可显示存储的数字信号。 CY200系列智能数字压力传感器融合了高精密度、高稳定度参考源技术、信号采集处理、通讯、总线等一系列的高新技术，为成都泰斯特公司又一自主研制成功的的高技术含量产品。 ●数字化：数字量输出，无需其它数据采集设备，直接在计算机上读出压力值； ●智能化：内置电子表单，设备编号、量程、校正参数自动加载； ●高精度：24位A/D转换器； ●便捷：485总线，长线传输，USB即插即用，同时拥有； ●网络化：自动寻址，TCP/IP协议组成网络化压力测试系统； ●使用灵活：单只、多只、远距离传输、分布式网络等都有解决方案； ●支持专用：通讯协议开放，自有技术，支持专用开发。 CY200智能数字压力传感器系列下，有细分型号，如CY201、CY205，未特别标明处，本说明书均适用。
压力传感器原理详解
压力传感器原理 内容来源网络，由“深圳机械展（11万㎡，1100多家展商，超10万观众）”收集整理！更多cnc加工中心、车铣磨钻床、线切割、数控刀具工具、工业机器人、非标自动化、数字化无人工厂、精密测量、3D打印、激光切割、钣金冲压折弯、精密零件加工等展示，就在深圳机械展. 一．压力传感器原理 一些常用传感器原理及其应用: 1、应变片压力传感器原理与应用 力学传感器的种类繁多，如电阻应变片压力传感器、半导体应变片压力传感器、压阻式压力传感器、电感式压力传感器、电容式压力传感器、谐振式压力传感器及电容式加速度传感器等。但应用最为广泛的是压阻式压力传感器，它具有极低的价格和较高的精度以及较好的线性特性。下面我们主要介绍这类传感器。 在了解压阻式力传感器时，我们首先认识一下电阻应变片这种元件。电阻应变片是一种将被测件上的应变变化转换成为一种电信号的敏感器件。它是压阻式应变传感器的主要组成部分之一。电阻应变片应用最多的是金属电阻应变片和半导体应变片两种。金属电阻应变片又有丝状应变片和金属箔状应变片两种。通常是将应变片通过特殊的粘和剂紧密的粘合在产生力学应变基体上，当基体受力发生应力变化时，电阻应变片也一起产生形变，使应变片的阻值发生改变，从而使加在电阻上的电压发生变化。这种应变片在受力时产生的阻值变化通常较小，一般这种应变片都组成应变电桥，并通过后续的仪表放大器进行放大，再传输给处理电路（通常是A/D转换和CPU）显示或执行机构。
金属电阻应变片的内部结构 1、应变片压力传感器原理 如图1所示，是电阻应变片的结构示意图，它由基体材料、金属应变丝或应变箔、绝缘保护片和引出线等部分组成。根据不同的用途，电阻应变片的阻值可以由设计者设计，但电阻的取值范围应注意：阻值太小，所需的驱动电流太大，同时应变片的发热致使本身的温度过高，不同的环境中使用，使应变片的阻值变化太大，输出零点漂移明显，调零电路过于复杂。而电阻太大，阻抗太高，抗外界的电磁干扰能力较差。一般均为几十欧至几十千欧左右。 电阻应变片的工作原理 金属电阻应变片的工作原理是吸附在基体材料上应变电阻随机械形变而产生阻值变化的现象，俗称为电阻应变效应。金属导体的电阻值可用下式表示： 式中：ρ——金属导体的电阻率（Ω?cm2/m） S——导体的截面积（cm2） L——导体的长度（m） 我们以金属丝应变电阻为例，当金属丝受外力作用时，其长度和截面积都会发生变化，从上式中可很容易看出，其电阻值即会发生改变，假如金属丝受外力作用而伸长时，其长
基于80C51单片机的数字压力传感器的设计
基于80C51单片机的数字压力传感器的设计 摘要：本课题主要介绍数字压力传感器，包括应变计/压电传感器为敏感元件的硬件电路设计、运算元件（80C51单片机）数据处理、4位数码显示系统以及相应的通信接口与协议；实现在一路测量范围在0~250PSI，测量精度在1PSI，分辨率在1PSI。 关键词：PIC单片机数字通讯智能 1 引言 数字压力传感器是工业实践中最为常用的一种传感器，其广泛应用于各种工业自控环境，涉及水利水电、铁路交通、智能建筑、生产自控、航空航天、军工、石化、油井、电力、船舶、机床、管道等众多行业，下面就简单介绍一些常用传感器原理及其应用。 本课程设计的数字压力传感器以单片机为主要部件，利用全桥测量原理，通过对电路输出电压和标准压强的线性关系，建立具体的数学模型，将电压量纲（V）改为压强纲（pa）即成为一台原始电子称。其中测量电路中最主要的元器件就是电阻应变式传感器。电阻应变式传感器是传感器中应用最多的一种，本设计采用全桥测量电路，使系统产生的误差更小，输出的数据更精确。而三运放大电路的作用就是把传感器输出的微弱的模拟信号进行一定倍数的放大，以满足A/D转换器对输入信号电平的要求。ADC0809 的A/D转换作用是把模拟信号转变成数字信号，进行模数转换，然后把数字信号输送到显示电路中去，最后由显示电路显示出测量结果。并且能实现数字传感器之间的通讯，达到数据共享的目的。从而更好的满足当今社会发展的需求。 2 方案论证 2．1方案一： 本方案采用电阻应变片作为敏感元件采集信息，经三运放大器放大处理，再送入ADC0809进行数模转换，运用80C51单片机作为运算处理元件处理数据，并进行通讯和LED显示。基本工作原理框图如下：
数字压力传感器
题目数字压力传感器 班级_________ ________ 学号_________________ 姓名__________ _____________ 指导___________________________ 时间______ ___2011年9月30日_______ 景德镇陶瓷学院
传感器综合课程设计任务书
目录 1、总体方案与原理说明. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 2、单元电路1（电阻应变式传感器的测量电路）. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .a 3、单元电路2(三运放大电路). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .b 4、单元电路3(LED显示电路设计). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .c 5、总体电路原理相关说明. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .d 6、总体电路原理图. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e 7、元件清单；. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .f 8、参考文献. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .g 9、设计心得体会. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . h
DAP系列智能压力传感器数字接口模块
PTH503/708智能数字压力传感器接口模块 技术手册
1. 模块概述 PTH503/708智能压力传感器接口模块，采用最新的数字处理技术研发的新一代智能数字接口产品，具有高精度、高可靠性、使用和安装方便等特点。 PTH503/708智能压力传感器接口模块采用低功耗、宽电压设计。在不进行数字通讯的情况下，功耗不大于20mA 。电压范围是直流7VDC～24VDC。既可用太阳能或蓄电池供电，也可以采用工业现场的24VDC 供电。两级防雷设计，提高了产品的防雷能力。 PTH503/708智能压力传感器接口模块的通信采用RS485 通信协议，半双工工作方式，最高通讯速率57600BPS 。采用简单的ASCII 码命令格式，方便使用。最高采样速度10 次/秒。该变送器可以通过RS485 总线组成双绞线网络，特别适用于计算机控制系统中。 2. 模块性能参数 a. 压力输出精度0.1%FSO，温度输出精度±1℃； b. 对压力传感器可进行零点、非线性、零位温度漂移、温度灵敏度漂移进行补偿； c.激励方式，恒流0.2mA～2mA，或恒压5V，供电电源电压为7～24V； d. 通信接口采用主从结构半双工RS485总线结构，通信速度1200，2400，4800，9600，19200，38400，57600可调； e. 通信距离最大为1200米，一个通信段上可同时接32个模块； f. 任意切换九种常用的压力单位MPa，KPa，PSI，Kg/cm2，mH2O，Bar，mmHg，atm，usr，各压力单位之间切换所带来的误差小于0.01%FSO； g. 采样速率：10次/秒，采样位数15位； h. 两级防雷设计，提高了防雷能力； i. 外形尺寸：长方形17×49，可根据用户需要定制外形尺寸； k. 工作环境温度－40℃～＋85℃，湿度30%～95%。
压力传感器工作理图解
压力传感器工作理图解
————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：
压力传感器工作原理图解 随着自动化技术的进步，在工业设备中，除了液柱式压力计、弹性式压力表外，目前更多的是采用可将压力转换成电信号的压力变送器和传感器。那么这些压力变送器和传感器是如何将压力信号转换为电信号的呢？不同的转换方式又有什么特点呢？今天电工学习网为大家汇总了目前常见的几种压的测量原理，希望能对大家有所帮助。一、压电压力传感器 压电式压力传感器主要基于压电效应（Piezoelectric effect），利用电气元件和其他机械把待测的压力转换成为电量，再进行相关测量工作的测量精密仪器，比如很多压力变送器和压力传感器。压电传感器不可以应用在静态的测量当中，原因是受到外力作用后的电荷，当回路有无限大的输入抗阻的时候，才可以得以保存下来。但是实际上并不是这样的。因此压电传感器只可以应用在动态的测量当中。它主要的压电材料是：磷酸二氢胺、酒石酸钾钠和石英。压电效应就是在石英上发现的。
当应力发生变化的时候，电场的变化很小很小，其他的一些压电晶体就会替代石英。酒石酸钾钠，它是具有很大的压电系数和压电灵敏度的，但是，它只可以使用在室内的湿度和温度都比较低的地方。磷酸二氢胺是一种人造晶体，它可以在很高的湿度和很高的温度的环境中使用，所以，它的应用是非常广泛的。随着技术的发展，压电效应也已经在多晶体上得到应用了。例如：压电陶瓷，铌镁酸压电陶瓷、铌酸盐系压电陶瓷和钛酸钡压电陶瓷等等都包括在内。