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美国历史

美国历史
美国历史

美国历史

I. Multiple Choice

1. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have begun in _____.

A. 1620

B. 1607

C. 1776

2. The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____.

A. Maryland

B. South Carolina

C. Delaware

D. Colorado

3. _____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.

A. John Cabot

B. Magellan

C. Balboa

D. Cartier

4. The colonial life can be described as the following except _____.

A. simple

B. easy

C. rough

D. hard

5. The Stamp Act was passed in _____ and was repealed in _____.

A. 1765, 1766

B. 1764, 1765

C. 1763, 1764

6. The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774.

A. Philadelphia

B. Boston

C. New York

7. The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in _____.

A. 1776, 1784

B. 1775, 1783

C. 1706, 1714

8. Washington won the great victory on December 26, 1776 in _____.

A. Gettysburg

B. Pittsburgh

C. Trenton

9. The battle of _____ marked the turning point of the War of Independence.

A. New York

B. Saratoga

C. Bunker Hill

10. On October 19th, 1781, the British General Cornwallis and his 7,000 men surrendered at _____.

A. Yorktown

B. Boston

C. Charleston

11. The Constitutional Convention was held in 1787 to revise _____.

A. The Articles of the Confederation

B. Bill of Rights

C. Civil Rights

12. The first ten amendments, known as _____, were added to the Constitution in 1791.

A. the Bill of Rights

B. the Articles

C. Civil Rights

13. After the Federal Government was established, the city _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being.

A. Washington

B. New York

C. Philadelphia

14. The pamphlet “Common Sense” was written by _____.

A. Thomas Edison

B. Thomas Paine

C. Thomas Jefferson

15. The Second President John Adams adopted a high-handed policy which was called _____.

A. the “Intolerable Acts”

B. Un-American Activities

C. the Sedition Act

16. The greatest contribution made by President Thomas Jefferson was his _____.

A. abolishing the Sedition Act

B. reducing taxes

C. purchasing Louisiana from France

17. The Second Anti-English War broke out in _____ and ended in _____. The U.S. won the war.

A. 1812, 1814

B. 1813, 1815

C. 1814, 1816

18. As the result of the U.S.-Mexican War, nearly _____ of the entire territory of Mexico was lost.

A. 1/4

B. 1/2

C. 1/3

19. In 1844 the U.S. forced the Chinese Government to sign the first unequal treaty of _____.

A. Wangxia

B. Nanjing

C. Tianjin

20. The Articles of Confederation was accepted by all the _____ states in _____.

A. 50, 1781

B. 13, 1781

C. 13, 1787

21. _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being in Washington’s administration.

A. New York

B. Chicago

C. Boston

22. It was _____ who advanced four plans which met bitter criticisms from many people.

A. Alexander Hamilton

B. Thomas Jefferson

C. George Washington

23. _____ was the first American President who was inaugurated in the city of Washington.

A. John Adams

B. Thomas Jefferson

C. James Madison

24. The War with England between 1812 and 1814 happened during the administration of President _____.

A. James Madison

B. James Monroe

C. John Adams

25. The _____ stopped the Holy Alliance’s program, and prevented the European countries from extending their influence.

A. Monroe Doctrine

B. Sedition Act

C. Holy Alliance

26. _____ was the first president who developed the power of veto into one of the means of making laws.

A. John Adams

B. Andrew Jackson

C. Andrew Johnson

27. _____ made slavery possible in the new territories such as in Kentucky

and Nebraska.

A. Douglas Bill

B. Monroe Doctrine

C. Sedition Act

28. During the Civil War Lincoln issued the _____, which declared the abolition of slavery.

A. Homestead Bill

B. Emancipation Proclamation

C. Both A and B

29. The Battle of _____ was the turning point of the American Civil War.

A. Bull Run

B. Gettysburg

C. Richmond

30. The first imperialist war took place between the U.S. and _____ in 1898.

A. Britain

B. France

C. Spain

31. The first American President from the Republic Party is _____.

A. Abraham Lincoln

B. Andrew Johnson

C. Thomas Jefferson

D. George Washington

32. In 1918 President _____ issued the “Fourteen Points”.

A. Woodrow Wilson

B. William H. Taft

C. Theodore Roosevelt

D. Warren G. Harding

33. Haymarket Massacre took place in _____ in May 1886.

A. New York

B. Chicago

C. Washington

34. In 1894, the American industrial production held the _____ place in the world.

A. first

B. second

C. third

35. McCarthy was notorious for his harsh _____ persecution of the progressive people.

A. religious

B. spiritual

C. political

36. The Ku Klux Klan was the most notorious terrorist society which persecuted the _____.

A. blacks

B. Indians

C. progressive people

37. On August 14, 1914, the U.S. and Britain issued a joint communiqué called _____.

A. the Teheran Declaration

B. the Atlantic Charter

C. the Washington Proclamation

38. In Sino-American relations Theodore Roosevelt exercised the so-called “_____”, invading China by means of both force and culture.

A. Open Door Policy

B. Big Stick

C. Douglas Bill

39. The First World War broke out on July 28th, _____ and ended on November 11th, _____, lasting for about four years.

A. 1913, 1917

B. 1914, 1918

C. 1915, 1919

40. The two military alliances during WWI were the _____ and the _____.

A. Axis, Allies

B. Holy Alliance, Axis

C. Central Powers, Allies

41. The assassination of a(n) _____ prince, Arch Duke Fedinand, served as the direct fuse for the outbreak of WWI.

A. Australia

B. Belgium

C. Austria

42. Altogether _____ countries became involved in or were dragged into WWI.

A. 33

B. 38

C. 39

43. The frequent emergence of the economic crisis in the U.S.A. led to the following disastrous effects except _____.

A. inflation

B. the rise of prices

C. the decrease of population

D. the decrease of the purchasing capacity

44. In April 1945 a conference was held at _____ to organize the United Nations.

A. San Francisco

B. New York

C. Philadelphia

45. _____ countries attended the conference of the foundling of the UN.

A. 48

B. 47

C. 45

46. At the _____ Conference, the heads of the Soviet Union, the U.S. and Britain discussed the problem of opening the second battlefield in Europe.

A. Yalta

B. Teheran

C. Casablanca

47. In July 1945, Britain, the U.S. and the Soviet Union met at Potsdam to formulate an occupation policy and set up a program for the future of Germany. The meeting was the famous _____ Conference.

A. Cairo

B. Teheran

C. Potsdam

D. Quebec

48. The two fighting sides in WWII were _____.

A. the Allies and the Axis (powers)

B. the Axis and Holy Alliance

C. the Central Powers and the Allies

49. The _____ was the treaty signed at Versailles, near Paris in France in 1919.

A. Paris Treaty

B. Versaills Treaty

C. Teheran Treaty

50. The meeting was held at Yalta in the Crimea of the Soviet Union in Feb, 1945. At the meeting many matters were discussed, including the final defeat of Germany, the demilitarization of Germany, the founding of the U.N. etc., this was the famous _____ Conference.

A. Yalta

B. Teheran

C. Potsdam

51. The Communist Party of the US was founded in _____.

A. 1920

B. 1918

C. 1919

52. The U.S. Communist Party was re-established in 1945 with _____ as its general secretary.

A. Levestone

B. William Foster

C. Earl Browder

53. The Great Depression of _____ to shook the US and the whole capitalist world to its foundations.

A. 1929, 1933

B. 1933, 1937

C. 1924, 1929

54. The programme of 1947 that America would offer its money supplies and machinery to any European nation that wished to participate in was called _____.

A. Eisenhower Doctrine

B. Marshall Plan

C. Truman Doctrine

55. The _____ broke out in June 1950 and ended in the summer of 1953.

A. Vietnam War

B. Cold War

C. Korean War

56. In April 1949 twelve nations established the NATO to coordinate the military actions of member nations against the _____.

A. Germany

B. Japan

C. Soviet Union

57. The Second World War broke out in September, _____ and ended in August _____.

A. 1939, 1945

B. 1937, 1943

C. 1938, 1945

58. After WWII there emerged a new balance of power between _____ and _____.

A. the Allies, the Axis Powers

B. the USSR, the USA

C. the old capitalist countries, the new ones

59. There occurred _____ economic crises from the end of WWII to the middle of the 1970’s.

A. six

B. five

C. seven

60. The President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed a policy called _____ to save the economic situation.

A. Good Neighbour

B. the Open Door Policy

C. the New Deal

61. The Battle of _____ took place in 1942 and it was the turning point of the Pacific area.

A. Midway Island

B. Britain

C. Normandy

62. In Feb. _____ came President Nixon’s historic visit to China.

A. 1979

B. 1972

C. 1973

63. In 1953, _____ ended in the failure of the U.S.

A. the Korean War

B. the Vietnam War

C. the US-Spanish War

64. On December 7th, 1941, the base of the American Pacific Fleet, Pearl Harbour, was suddenly attacked by the _____ air force and navy.

A. Spanish

B. French

C. Japanese

65. The original Union consists of _____ at the time of its independence.

A. 13

B. 50

C. 48

66. The first thirteen states of the US mainly located _____ seaboard.

A. the eastern

B. the western

C. the northern

67. _____ appointed many of the colonial governors.

A. The English King

B. the local government

C. the local people

68. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by a committee including _____ as head.

A. George Washington

B. Thomas Jefferson

C. both A and B

69. _____ was the British king when colonial Americans declared their independence.

A. King George I

B. King George III

C. King George II

70. In 1945 a conference was held in _____ to found the United Nations.

A. San Francisco

B. Chicago

C. New York

71. President Nixon visited China in _____.

A. 1973

B. 1974

C. 1972

72. _____ was the only American president who was re-elected three times in succession.

A. Theodore Roosevelt

B. George Washington

C. Franklin

D. Roosevelt D. Thomas Jefferson

73. The city’s name “Philadelphia” means _____.

A. brotherly love

B. fishing pit

C. philosophy

答案:

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英国概况练习题: 1 Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper? A The Telegraph B The Guardian C The News of the World D The Times 2 The river Thames is in _____. A Wales B Scotland C England D Northern Ireland 3 The Industrial Revolution started in _____. A the Great Britain B the United States C Canada D Australia 4 Which of the following is true under Thatcher’s administration? A The proportion of owner-occupation decreased. B Public housing became more important. C Many public houses were sold to people. D The UK became more European-like in its housing arrangement. 5 Britain has its nuclear naval force since _____. A it’s one of the developed countries in the world B it’s a traditional sea power C it has an advanced industry D it’s able to produce submarines 6 Which of the following is the oldest national Sunday newspaper in Britain? A The Times B The Guardian C The Observer D The Financial Times 7 Big Ben was named after _____. A Christopher Wren B Benjamin Hall C Ben John D G. Stephenson 8 The Capital of Wales is _____. A Swansea B Cardiff C Rhonda D Belfast 9 _____ is England’s biggest naval base.

A Portsmouth

B Southampton

C Plymouth

D Dover 10 There are two major national parties in Britain: the Conservative party and _____. A the Liberal Party B the Democratic Party C the Labour Party D the Republican Party 练习题答案及题解: 1 D, 英国历史上最悠久的日报是《泰晤士报》。 2 C, 泰晤士河位于英格兰。 3 A, 工业革命最早从英国开始。 4 C, 1979年撒切尔夫人成为英国第一任女首相。她提出的政策称被为“撒切尔主义”。其内容包括国有企业私有化,采用货币主义政策以控制通货膨胀,削弱工会的影响,加强市场因素在经济中的作用,将公有住房卖给公众,强调法律和秩序。在一定程度上讲,她的计划是成功的。她领导英国经济度过了一段最繁华的时期。 5 B, 英国拥有其海军核力量与其一贯的霸主地位是密切相关的。 6 C, 《观察家报》创刊于1791年,是英国创刊最早的星期日报纸。

7 B, 据说Big Ben 得名于它在1859年修建时候的建造者Benjamin Hall。8 B, 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府:加的夫。9 A, 英国最大的海军基地是普茨茅斯。10 C, 英国奉行的是两党制。其两大主要政党是保守党和工党。 1. Julius Caesar invaded Britain _____.

A. once

B. twice

C. three times 2. King Arthur was the king of _____. A. Picts B. Celts C. Scots

D. Jutes 3. The first ―King of the English‖was _____. A. Alfred B. Egbert C. Bede D. Ethelred 4. Christianity was introduced into England in the late _____ century. A. 14th B. 8th C. 6th 5. In 1653 _____ was made Lord Protector for life. A. Oliver Cromwell B. Charles I C. William II 6. The three great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the _____ and the Jutes which invaded Britain form the basis of the modern British people. A. Saxons B. Scots C. Welsh D. Wessex 7. The head of the church in Anglo-Saxon times was _____.

A. the King of Denmark and Norway

B. the king of England

C. Julius Caesar

D. the Archbishop of Canterbury 8. The _____ invaded England in the earliest time. A. Danes B. Iberians C. Romans D. Celts 9. The Vikings who invaded England at the turn of the 8th century came from _____.A. Norway B. Denmark C. France D. both A and B 10. Edward was known as the ―_____‖because of his reputation for saintliness.] A. Confessor B. Conqueror C. Protector 11. Norman Conquest began in _____. A. 1016 B. 1066 C. 1035 12. In history _____ was nicknamed ―King of Lackland‖. A. John B. Henry I C. Henry II 13. In 1181 Henry II issued the _____ which made it compulsory for every freeman in England to be provided with arms. A. Inquest of Sheriffs B. Assize of Arms C. Doomsday Book 14. Henry Plantagenet, in 1154, established the House of Angevin as _____. A. Henry I B. Henry II C. Henry III 15. Henry II appointed in 1162 _____ Archbishop of Canterbury. A. Thomas Becket B. Stephen Langton C. Simon de Mortfort 16. Charles I was beheaded in _____. A. 1649 B. 1648 C. 1653 17. It was _____ who summoned Model Parliament in 1295. A. Edward I B. Henry IV C. Simon de Montfort 18. The Great Charter contained _____ sets of provisions. A. two B. four C. three 19. The Peasants Uprising in 1381 was led by _____. A. Henry Turner B. Watt Tyler C. Richard 20. The English Church was strictly _____. A. national B. international C. regional 21. The Glorious Revolution in 1688 was in nature a _____. A. coup d’état B. racial slaughter C. peasant rising 22. The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the _____. A. factory of the world B. expansion of markets C. social upheaval 23. The American Revolution (the American War of Independence) broke out in _____ and ended in _____. A. 1775, 1783 B. 1774, 1782 C. 1786, 1784 24. The Battle of Hastings took place in _____. A. 1606 B. 1042 C. 1066 25. The Great Charter was signed by _____ in 1215. A. King Henry II B. King Richard C. King John 26. In the early 14th century feudalism began to _____ in England. A. grow B. flourish C. decline D. end 27. It was _____ who published the book ―The Rights of Man‖. A. Thomas

More B. Thomas Paine C. Thomas Jefferson 28. The first Prime Minister was _____. A. Wilmington B. George Grenville C. Robert Walpole 29. The Parliament of 1265 which is known as the ―_____‖is considered the ―beginning of parliament‖. A. All Estates Parliament B. Model Parliament C. Long Parliament 30. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as _____. A. the Wars of Roses B. the Hundred Years’ War C. Peasant Uprising 31. In t he first half of 17th century _____ grow rapidly in England. A. feudalism B. capitalism C. Catholicism 32. Prime Minister _____ resisted any reform that could be resisted. A. Palmerstone B. Robert Peel C. Gladstone 33. By the end of the Hundred Years’ War only the port of _____ remained under English rule. A. Troyes B. Gascon C. Calais 34. In the 14th century took place the _____, the severest of many plagues in the middle ages. A. Earthquake B. Black Death C. Drought 35. _____ and his followers, known as Lollards, provided ideological preparation for the labour movement of the 14th century. A. John Wycliffe B. Watt Tyler C. Somerset 36. By the end of the Wars of the Roses the House of _____ began. A. Tudor B. Lancaster C. Plantagenet 37. In the ―_____‖of 1388 five lords accused the King’s friends of treason under a very expansive definition of crime. A. All Estates parliament B. Merciless Parliament C. Model Parliament

38. In the Wars of the Roses the Lancastrians wire badges of _____ rose. A. white B. red

C. pink

D. yellow 39. The first Civil War in Britain lasted from _____ to _____. A. 1600, 1604 B. 1640, 1644 C. 1642, 1646 40. William Shakespeare is mainly a _____.A. novelist B. dramatist C. poet 41. In 1689 the ―Bill of Rights‖was passed. _____ began in England.

A. The Constitutional Monarchy

B. All Estates Parliament

C. House of Lancaster 42. The _____ carried on trade relations with Russia and central Asian countries. A. Moscow Company B. Eastland Company C. East India Company 43. _____ started the slave trade in the second part of the 16th century. A. John Hawkins B. Francis Drake C. Diaz 44. In 1534 Parliament passed the ―_____‖, according to which Henry VIII was declared the head of the English Church. A. the Bill of Rights B. Act of Supremacy C. Act of Settlement 45. Under Elizabeth I _____ was restored, and she was declared ―governor‖of the church. A. the Roman Church B. the Catholic Church C. the Anglican Church 46. In 1337 the hostility between England and _____ resulted in the Hundred Years’ War. A. France B. Spain C. Russia 47. The religious persecution mainly existed during the reign of _____. A. Cromwell B. Charles I C. Henry VIII 48. England first became a sea power in the time of _____. A. Henry VII B. Elizabeth I C. Victoria 49. The Industrial Revolution first started in _____. A. the iron industry B. the textile industry C. the coal industry 50. From 1688 to 1783 English Parliament was mainly controlled by the party of _____. A. Tory B. Whig C. Labour 51. The English Prime Minister during the Second World War was _____. A. Churchill B. Chamberlain C. Baldwin 52. At the End of _____ century, the East India Company was formed. A. 15th B. 16th C. 14th

53. The Seven Years War between England and France lasted from _____ to _____. A. 1756, 1763

B. 1713, 1720

C. 1754, 1761 54. In 1689 Parliament passed ―_____‖, limiting the powers of the crown. A. Habeas Corpus Act B. the Bill of Rights C. Navigation Act 55. _____ contrasted the first successful steam locomotive. A. George Stephenson B. Samuel Crompton C. James Hargreaves 56. The ―Peterloo Massacre‖took place in _____. A. Birmingham B. Liverpool C. Manchester 57. Between 1911 and 1914 took place the following strikes except _____. A. railway strike B. strike of the postmen C. coal strike

D. strike of the transport 58. The Victorian Age was over the _____ began. A. Edwardian Age B.

Georgian Age C. Elizabethan Age 59. The _____ government surrendered to the British invaders and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of Nanjing in 1842. A. Indian B. Qing C. Irish D. Spanish 60. The Great Charter was essentially a _____. A. Culture Movement B. colonial document C. feudal document 61. _____ broke out two years after the Hundred Years’ War with France. A. The Bore War B. The Wars of the Roses C. Queen Annes’ War 62. The Reformation was a product of _____. A. the Renaissance B. the Chartist Movement C. the Hundred Years’ War 63. The greatest dramatist of the English Renaissance was _____. A. Shakespeare B. Milton C. Chaucer D. Bacon 64. The English Revolution marks the beginning of the _____ period of capitalism. A. feudal B. modern C. colonial D. medieval 65. By the _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US. A. Declaratory Act B. Treaty of Paris C. Treaty of Montgomery 66. The Chartist Movement began in _____ and reached its height in _____. A. 1845, 1858 B. 1828, 1835 C. 1839, 1848 67. In 1840 Britain launched an aggressive war against _____. A. France B. India C. China D. America 68. _____ formed a coalition government in 1940. A. Winston Churchill B. Lloyd George C. Neville Chamberlain 69. By the _____ the British dominions became independent states in all but name. A. Statue of Westminster B. Locarno Treaty C. Disputes Act 70. The Fabians Society was founded in 1883, including intellectuals such as _____. A. William Shakespeare & Ben Jonson B. Christopher Marlowe & John Milton C. G. B. Shaw & H. G. Wells 71. Before WWII _____ relied on appeasement of the European dictators to reduce tensions that might lead to war. Neville Chamberlain B. Stanley Baldwin C. Winston Churchill 72. During WWII, Britain, America, France, Soviet Union and other antifascist countries formed a united international alliance which was called _____. A. Locarno Treaty B. Grand Alliance C. Statute of Westminster 73. The first coalition government during WWI was organized when _____ was the Prime Minister. A. Lloyd George B. Herbert Asquith C. Stanley Baldwin 74. When Germany invaded _____ which was neutral, Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August, 1914. A. Austria B. Russia C. Belgium D. Poland 填空 1. At about 3000 BC, some of the _____ settled in Britain. 2. About 122 AD, in order to keep back the Picts and Scots, the _____ built Hadrian’s Wall. 3. The real Roman conquest began in _____. 4. _____ _____’s ―Paradise Lost‖was published in 1667. 5. Beowulf, considered the greatest Old English poem, is assigned to _____ Times. 6. _____ was considered the first national hero. 7. On Christmas Day 1066 Duke _____ was crowned in Westminster Abbey. 8. In history John was nicknamed King of _____. 9. John signed the document in 1215, which in history was called the Great Charter or _____ _____. 10. In 1086 William had his official to make a general survey of the land, known as _____ Book. 11. The most famous scholar during Anglo-Saxon Times was _____. 12. The Battle of _____ paved the way for the Norman Conquest to England. 13. The Norman Conquest increased the process of _____ which had begun during the Anglo-Saxon Times.

14. Duke William was known in history as William the _____. 15. Along with the Normans came the _____ language. 16. The English parliament originated in the _____ _____. 17. The head of the _____ was Archbishop of _____. 18. The _____ _____ in 1688 was in nature a coup d’etat.

19. The People’s Charter included _____ point s such as universal male suffrage. 20. The corrupt Qing government surrendered to Britain and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of _____ in 1842. 21. After the Crimean War _____ was forced not to fortify Sebastopol. 22. The third collection of the poll tax in the early part of 1381 became the fuse of _____ _____ rising. 23. The Wars of the Roses broke out between the _____ and the _____. 24. The Enclosure Movement

began in the _____ century. 25. By the treaty of _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US. 26. In _____ Britain launched the Opium War against China. 27. The East India Company formed at the end of the 16th century was one of _____ companies. 28. After the Reformation the Roman Catholic Church was _____, the English Church was strictly _____. 29. Mary I re-established Catholicism and burnt three hundred Protestants, for which she was called ―_____‖Mary. 30. ―Renaissance‖means ―_____‖, i.e. Europe rediscovering its origins in the cultures of ancient Greek and Rome. 31. During the Renaissance, the thinkers who worked for freedom and enlightenment were called ―_____‖. 32. The nature of the Wars of the Roses was a _____ _____ war. 33. By the beginning of the Tudor reign the manor system was replaced by the _____ system. 34. In the summer of 1588 the Spanish ships, the _____ _____ was defeated by English ships. 35. The greatest English humanist was Sir _____ _____ whose work _____ became a humanistic classic in the world literature. 36. English Renaissance began in _____ century. 37. The House of _____ was notorious for its absolutist rule. 38. During the Civil Wars (1642 – 1648) the supporters of Parliament were called _____ while the supporters of the King Charles I were called _____. 39. In 1653 Cromwell was made _____ _____ for life and started his military dictatorship openly. 40. The Seven Years War was ended by the Treaty of _____. 41. The first two parties appeared in England were the _____ and the _____. 42. The basic point of the People’s Charter is _____ _____. 43. In 1764 James Hargreaves invented the _____ _____. 44. From 1863 to the end of the century Britain had been carrying a foreign policy of _____ __ 45. The Parliament passed the Act of _____ in 1701, excluding James Catholic son from the succession. 46. After Charles I was beheaded in 1649 England was declared a _____. 47. In September 1939 Germany invaded _____, thus Britain and France declared war on Germany. 48. The Industrial Revolution started during the last part of the _____ century. 49. The steam engine was invented by _____ _____ in 1769. 50. Samuel Crompton invented the _____ _____ in 1779. 51. Edmund Cartwright invented the _____ _____ in 1785. 52. Upon the completion of the _____ _____ by 1850 England became the workshop of the world. 53. In 1868 the first Trade Union Congress met in _____. 54. In 1534 Parliament passed the ―_____ _____ _____‖.

美国历史大事年表

美国历史大事年表 1863.1.1 林肯签署《解放宣言》。 1879.12.21 托马斯·爱迪生发明电灯。 1903.12.17 莱特兄弟首次成功地驾驶由发动机推进的飞机。 1941.12.7 日本偷袭珍珠港。次日,美国对日宣战,正式参加第二次世界大战。 1944.6.6 美国军队及盟军在诺曼底登陆。 1945.7.16 成功地进行了世界上第一次核爆炸。 1949.8.24 美国、加拿大和14个西欧国家在华盛顿签署一项公约,建立北大西洋公约组织。1952.11.1 美国在太平洋实验场爆炸一颗氢弹。 1954.12.1 美国一黑人妇女在蒙哥马利城的公共汽车上拒绝把自己的座位让给一个白人男子。联邦法院非法宣布公共汽车种族隔离命令。 1959.1.3 阿拉斯加成为美国第49州。同年8月21日,夏威夷成为第50州。 1961.4.17 美国策动猪仔湾事件,企图推翻古巴政府。 1963.11.22 肯尼迪总统在得克萨斯州达拉斯市遇刺身亡。 1968.4.4 美国黑人民权领袖马丁·路德·金在田纳西州孟菲斯遭暗杀身亡。 1969.7.20 “阿波罗”11号飞船登月成功,人类首次踏上月球。 1972.2.21 美国总统尼克松抵达北京,对中国进行为期8天的访问,与中国领导人举行会谈。访问结束时,中美签署上海公报。 1974.8.9 尼克松因“水门事件”,辞去总统职务,由副总统吉拉尔德·福特继任总统。1975.12.15 福特总统访问中国,并与毛泽东主席及邓小平副总理会谈。 1979.1.1 美国与中华人民共和国建立全面外交关系。 1982.12.2 在盐湖城,美国医生成功地为一患者进行人工心脏移植手术。 1984.4.26 美国总统里根访问中国,与中国领导人举行会谈。 1989.12.20 美国军队入侵巴拿马。 1991.1-2 在中东海湾战争中,美国及其盟国打败伊拉克,解放科威特。 1863.1.1 林肯签署《解放宣言》。 1879.12.21 托马斯·爱迪生发明电灯。 1903.12.17 莱特兄弟首次成功地驾驶由发动机推进的飞机。 1941.12.7 日本偷袭珍珠港。次日,美国对日宣战,正式参加第二次世界大战。 1944.6.6 美国军队及盟军在诺曼底登陆。 1945.7.16 成功地进行了世界上第一次核爆炸。 1949.8.24 美国、加拿大和14个西欧国家在华盛顿签署一项公约,建立北大西洋公约组织。1952.11.1 美国在太平洋实验场爆炸一颗氢弹。 1954.12.1 美国一黑人妇女在蒙哥马利城的公共汽车上拒绝把自己的座位让给一个白人男子。联邦法院非法宣布公共汽车种族隔离命令。 1959.1.3 阿拉斯加成为美国第49州。同年8月21日,夏威夷成为第50州。 1961.4.17 美国策动猪仔湾事件,企图推翻古巴政府。 1963.11.22 肯尼迪总统在得克萨斯州达拉斯市遇刺身亡。 1968.4.4 美国黑人民权领袖马丁·路德·金在田纳西州孟菲斯遭暗杀身亡。 1969.7.20 “阿波罗”11号飞船登月成功,人类首次踏上月球。 1972.2.21 美国总统尼克松抵达北京,对中国进行为期8天的访问,与中国领导人举行会谈。访问结束时,中美签署上海公报。 1974.8.9 尼克松因“水门事件”,辞去总统职务,由副总统吉拉尔德·福特继任总统。

1美国大事年表

美国大事年表 一、独立战争 1775年莱克星顿枪声,北美独立战争开始 1776年潘恩《常识》发表 1776年7月4日《独立宣言》美国独立 1777年萨拉托加大捷 1777年大陆会议通过《邦联条例》 1781年美国打败英国殖民军队 1783年英国承认美国独立,建立邦联制国家 1786年美国发生“谢司起义” 1787年在费城召开的制宪会议(麦迪逊)通过了一部联邦宪法,它是世界第一部成文宪法 1789年华盛顿就任美国总统,第一届国会选举产生,美国联邦制共和政体开始确立。 1791年宪法的前十条修正案——“权利法案”生效 1799年华盛顿去世 19世纪20年代末到30年代初是美国两党制形成的重要时期 1807年富尔敦发明蒸汽轮船 1825年欧文建立“新和谐公社” 1828年民主党正式组成 1837年莫尔斯发明有线电报 1844年中美《望厦条约》 1853年“黑船事件” 1854年《日美亲善条约》 1854年共和党成立 19世纪50年代中期,民主党(驴)和共和党(象)两大党的对峙格局最终形成1856-1860年美国参与第二次鸦片战争,中美《天津条约》 1860年共和党开始执政 1861年林肯为总统 二、美国内战 1861-1865年美国内战 1876年美国人贝尔发明电话 1879年碳丝灯泡(爱迪生) 三、殖民战争 1898年美西战争,美国获胜 1899年美国提出门户开放政策 19世纪末美国出现爵士乐,并在一战后受到空前欢迎 1900-1901年美国参与八国联军 1903年美国莱特兄弟发明飞机升入天空 20世纪初美国人格里菲斯导演《一个国家的诞生》 1914-1919美国与日本加大对中国的经济侵略 四、一战 1917-1918年美国参加一战 1919-1922年美国参加巴黎和会与华盛顿会议

图说美国历史.doc

图说美国历史 遇到了中国传统的新年,休息了几天,图说也好像是停了下来,好在我提前有所准备,差距不会太大了.好了,今天又可以开始这个伟大的事业了。为了我们的图说,我们应该有一个认真的心态,为了我们的图说,我应该一天一个的坚持下去。多余的话就不说了,今天应该说当今世界的霸主,现在叫美国,以前叫北美殖民地的图说了。 (一)感恩节与“五月花”号 1620年11月11日,著名的“五月花”号满载不堪忍受英国宗教迫害的清教徒来到了美洲,从船上摇摇晃晃走下来102个清教徒移民,衣衫褴褛,行销骨立,他们是踏着一块海边的岩石上岸的。那块岩石大约一米见方,经历了300多年的海潮冲刷,还在原处,一半在海里,一半露出水面。当时他们来此,要航行5000多公里,在海上颠簸4个月。这一年和第二年之交的冬天,他们遇到了前所未有的困难,饥寒交迫,冬天过去了,原先的100多人剩下了一半还不

到,这个时候,好心的印第安人帮助了他们,使得他们不至于以年减一半的速度死亡,为了感谢上帝,也是为了感谢印第安人的帮助,在北美的大陆上,出现了第一个感恩节,并且持续了300多年。在外来人和当地人的共同生活下,美利坚民族逐渐形成了。 (二)波士顿倾茶事件——北美独立战争的导火线 波士顿倾茶事件是美国独立战争的导火索。有人认为,倾茶事件的出现是反对向茶叶征税,但实际上并非如此。北美商人们反对的主要不是茶叶税本身,而是我们今天所说的“倾销”。著名的波士顿倾茶案发生地点,以原形尺寸复制了当年一艘动印度公司的帆船,彩旗飘飘。当时的革命党人,其实都是走私贩子,是因为利润被英国政府遏制,才铤而走险,走上了“革命道路”:一群革命者从啤酒馆出来,脸部涂上柏油,头顶插着野鸡毛,化装成印第安人,月黑风高,借酒使气,溜上船砸箱子,倒茶叶,没有一点大义凛然的样子,而是歪鼻子挤眼睛,还不时地做个鬼脸。这就是波士顿倾茶事件。 倾茶事件传到了英国,公众开始攻击殖民地的人民,连议会里北美人的朋友也谴责声不断。茶叶的所有者东印度公司更是强烈要求赔偿损失。英政府盛怒不已,决定惩治波士顿人。英国关闭了波士顿港口,战船和军队也开进了殖民地,军政大权全落入了驻波士顿的司令官托马斯。盖奇之手。与战船舰队和英国士兵相比,那些曾经滥用职权的收税人倒显得和善多了。大炮、滑膛枪和刺刀已经迅速取代了征税用的钱袋和税票.恐怖笼罩了波士顿,革命已不可避免。 (三)来克星顿的枪声——北美独立战争开始

阿甘正传涉及历史事件

1.三K党 三K党标志 三K党(Ku Klux Klan,缩写为KKK),是美国历史上 和现在的一个奉行白人至上主义的民间组织,也是美 国种族主义的代表性组织。三K党是美国最悠久、最 庞大的恐怖主义组织。Ku-Klux二字来源于希腊文 KuKloo,意为集会。Klan是种族。因三个字头都是K, 故称三K党。又称白色联盟和无形帝国。 三K党(克尤克拉克斯克兰(Ku Klux Klan),象声词,名称来源于枪子击铁的声音,缩写为KKK),是美国历史上和现在的一个奉行白人至上主义的民间组织,也是美国种族主义的代表性组织。 三K党于1866年由南北战争中被击败的南方联邦军队的退伍老兵组成。在其发展初期,三K党的目标是在美国南部恢复民主党的势力,并反对由联邦军队在南方强制实行的改善旧有黑人奴隶待遇的政策。这个组织经常通过暴力来达成目的。1871年,尤里西斯·格兰特总统签发了三K党和执行法案,强行取缔了这个政治组织,可此后仍有不少此类暴行发生。 2.猫王 埃尔维斯·普雷斯利

据估计,猫王已经在世界范围内售出超过300,000,000张专辑,是唱片业历史上销量最大的歌手之一。仅仅在美国,猫王就已经拥有RCA唱片公司和美国录音工业协会(RIAA)追颁的131张金唱片及白金唱片。据估计,猫王总销量中,30%是在美国国外创造的。 3.小石城事件 小石城(Little rock)是美国阿肯色州的首府(也是前总统Clinton的家乡)。 20世纪40年代以来,美国联邦最高法院审理 了一系列案件,确认和保护了美国黑人起码的公民 宪法权利。其中尤以1954年Brown v. board of education of Topeka最具代表性。它宣布公立学 校中的黑白种族隔离制度违反宪法,由此撕开了美 国南方种族隔离制度的缺口,吹响了全面废除种族 隔离制度的号角,成为黑人民权运动和结束种族隔离制度斗争的一个里程碑。但是美国南方许多州均拒不执行最高法院的判决,坚持所谓“隔离且平等原则”,拒绝有色人种进入白人学校。 4.约翰·肯尼迪 约翰·菲茨杰拉德·肯尼迪(John Fitzgerald Kennedy,通 常被称作约翰·F·肯尼迪(John F. Kennedy)、JFK或杰克·肯 尼迪(Jack Kennedy),),美国第35任总统,美国著名的肯 尼迪家族成员,他的执政时间从1961年1月20日开始到1963 年11月22日在达拉斯遇刺身亡为止。肯尼迪在1946年—1960 年期间曾先后任众议员和参议员,并于1960年当选为美国总统, 成为美国历史上最年轻的当选总统,也是美国历史上唯一信奉罗 马天主教的总统和唯一获得普利策奖的总统。 5.越南战争 越南战争Vietnam War(1945年~1979年)有多种解释,包括法国的越南战争、美国的越南战争、越南内战、中国的越南战争等,一般情况下是指其中最著名的美国的越南战争(1961年~1973年)。

中外历史大事时间轴-清晰版

中外历史大事年表 (中国史约三四百万年前~21世纪初世界史约三四百万年前~20世纪初箭头上方为中国史,下方为世界史) 元谋人北京人山顶洞人禹建立夏朝商朝建立 约三四百万年前距今约170万年距今约70万~20万年距今约1万年公元前3500年左右约公元前2070年约公元前1894年约公元前1600年人类出现埃及和两河流域出古巴比伦王国 现了早期国家建立 (中国奴隶制向封建制过渡) B.C.356 西周建立 B.C.770春秋开始战国开始商鞅开始变法秦朝西汉 公元前1046年公元前8世纪公元前6世纪公元前509年公元前475年公元前334年公元前221~207 公元前202年斯巴达和雅典城佛教产生罗马共和国建立亚历山大开始 邦建立东征 A.D.25东汉三国鼎立建立西晋建立东晋建立隋朝 公元前27年公元1世纪220~280年265 317 395 476 581 710 罗马帝国时代基督教罗马帝国分裂西罗马帝国伊斯兰教产生开始灭亡 后金改清 建立唐朝北宋建立南宋建立建立元朝建立明朝建立清朝清军入关 618 646 960 1127 1271 1368 14~16世纪1492 1519~1522 1636 1640 1644 日本大化改新文艺复兴新航路开辟麦哲伦环球英国资产阶开始航行级革命 1649 1660 1688 1689 1765 1769 1773 1774 1775 1776 处死查理斯图亚特光荣革命《权利法案》珍妮纺纱机水力纺纱机波士顿倾第一届大陆.4.19来克星.7.4《独立宣言》一世王朝复辟茶事件会议顿枪声美国建国 1777 1781 1783 1785 1787 1789 1791 1792 萨拉托加北美独立战争英国承认美国瓦特改良蒸汽美国制订宪法.7.14攻占巴士《人权宣言》法兰西第一共 大捷结束独立机(确立联邦制)底狱(法国大革和国建立 命爆发)

美国历史简介

美国历史 (一)殖民地时期前后 殖民地时期以前(Before the Colonial Period)(1607年以前) 1492年,意大利航海家克里斯托夫.哥伦布(Christopher Columbus)发现新大陆(the New World);当时居住在美洲大陆的印第安人(Indians),被称为“最早的美国人”(the first American) 殖民时期(Colonial Period)(1607-1753) 1607年,英国在北美建立第一永久性个殖民地(first English Colony)—詹姆士镇(Jamestown);18世纪中叶,英国在新大陆(the New World)建成13个殖民地(the Thirteen Colonies) (二)独立战争时期 独立战争(War of Independence)及美国独立 1773.12.16,波士顿倾茶事件(the Boston Tea Party)是美国独立战争的导火线1774年,来自12个州的代表聚集在费城(Philadelphia) 1775年4月19日清晨,波士顿人民在莱克星顿(Lexington)上空打响了独立战争(the War of Independence)的第一枪,莱克星顿的枪声拉开了美国独立战争的序幕; 1776年7月4日,第二次大陆会议(the Second Continental Congress)通过了托马斯.杰弗逊(Thomas Jefferson)起草的独立宣言(The Declaration of Independence),成立了美利坚合众国(the United States of America);1776年7月4日,美国独立,7月4日被确定为美国的国庆日(National Day) 1783年,美英签订《巴黎条约》(Treaty of Pairs),结束了独立战争 制宪会议(The Constitutional Convention) 1787年,制宪会议在费城召开,华盛顿被推为总统,会议还制定了宪法(Constitution)草案,1791年增加了宪法的头十条修改案,即“权利法案”(The Bill of Rights) (三)19世纪的美国 1812年战争(War of 1812)(1812-1815) 这是美国独立战争后的第一次对外战争 西进运动(WestWord Movement) 门罗主义(Monore Doctrine) 内容大致可归纳为三个原则:“反对欧洲国家再在美洲夺取殖民地”原则 “不干涉”原则“美洲体系”原则(European powers were no longer to colonize or interfer with the affairs of the newly independent nations of the Americas) 美墨战争(Mexican-American War)(1846-1848) 南北战争(Civil War)(1861.4——1865.4) 1860年共和党人林肯(Abraham Linkon)当选为总统,民主党(the Democratic Party)惨败,这成为南方奴隶主脱离联邦、发动叛乱的导火线 (四)20世纪的美国 20世纪初期的美国(The United States in the Early 20th Century) 这一时期的美国总统西奥多.罗斯福(Theodore Roosevelt)扮演了重要角色,他通过反托拉斯法(Anti-Trust Law)有力打击了垄断集团,并制定法律以保护环

美国历史

Chapter 9 History I.America in the Colonial Era 1、The first Americans:traditionally believed that were Indians,descendants of the Mongoloid people in Asia. 2、In 1492,Christopher Columbus is believed to have discovered America. <1>found the island of the Caribbean,and called the natives Indians. <2>Italian navigator,Amerigo Vespucci,discovered the continent of South America 3、The first successful English colony in North America <1>Found at Jamestown Virginia in 1607. <2>In 1620,the Pilgrim Fathers landed in Plymouth,Massachusetts by Mayflower. <3>By 1733,English settlers had occupied 13 colonies along the Atlantic coast. <4>the French and controlled Canada and Louisiana. <5>After the Seven Years’War,England gained control of Canada and all of North America east of the Mississippi in 1763. 4、The conflict in England and its colonies <1>England imposed new taxes partly <2>the colonies resented the taxes and resisted the quartering of soldiers. II.The War of Independence 1、On April19,1775,some British were sent to Concord to search for weapons and “rebelling” colonists. 2、The first shots in the American War of Independence were fired. <1>In May 1775,the Second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia,acted as a provisional governmentof the 13 colony-states. <2>Established the Continental Army and Navy. <3>Thomas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of Independence. Odopted on July4,1776.

还原美国历史上著名的洛杉矶光化学烟雾污染事件

还原美国历史上著名的洛杉矶光化学烟雾污染事件 当我们中国人在于雾霾战斗的时候,我们也发现,其实我们不过是正在走过欧美国家人民曾经走过的路,遭受着他们曾经遭受过的罪,而和我们远隔重洋的美国人,早就和雾霾搏斗50多年了。 在整个视频里,柴静试图直截了当地回答一个问题:治理雾霾,到底该怎么办?柴静把矛头指向两个方面:尾气和煤炭,她也拿两个地方做标本:洛杉矶和英国——前者曾发生光化学污染,而后者的“伦敦雾”闻名世界。 关于洛杉矶,它“摊大饼”的城市规划堪称失败,1970 年以来私家车数量增长了 3 倍——但洛杉矶的尾气排放却削减了 75%。这里要求每辆柴油车安装 DPF 颗粒过滤器,否则罚款 1000 美金,DPF 过滤器能过滤排放物中 99% 的颗粒物。由此得出的结论是:严格执法能管住 90% 的人。那么我们今天来看看美国人与雾霾斗争,都做了什么。 柴静在片子中提到了美国历史上著名的洛杉矶光化学烟雾污染事件 当时甚至有些人把污染的洛杉矶空气装进罐子出售,当然这是个恶作剧,但这些罐子一直在警示者美国人民空气污染的危害。 图片:柴静纪录片《穹顶之下》截图 现在在洛杉矶博物馆中收藏的洛杉矶雾霾的罐头 曾经,烟尘,是繁华富庶的象征。曾经,雾霾,是大城市的标记 美国,这个工业强国自然也经历过这个。 一位美国作家这样描述了1861年西弗吉尼亚的钢铁城威灵(Wheeling)的生活:“这个城市最特别的是烟。它们阴沉沉地从钢铁厂高大的烟囱中涌出来,在泥泞的街道上黑黑的、油腻地沉淀下来……给房屋的正面、枯萎的白杨树和路人的脸上披上了一层油烟的外套。烟尘,无处不在!……从后窗望去,我能看到……人类生命缓慢前行,……他们从出生到死亡都呼吸着那些有害于精神与肉体的、充满着雾、油,以及黑烟的空气。” 在美国,人们最开始用来解决环境问题的法律是侵权法,这种传统而古老的普通法中有一个概念,叫公共侵害(public nuisance),受害者通过此向对烟尘制造者提出索赔要求。但是这只是单个的解决方式,19世纪初,集中的通过政府行政力量进行的法律管制开始起步。这种管制首先是从地方政府开始的。 1815年左右,匹兹堡市制定了美国历史上第一部空气污染控制法令。1881,年,纽约市制定了《烟尘法令》(Smoke Ordinance),禁止在城市内排放浓烟,并对燃烧高硫煤者处以10-100美元的罚款。1902年,圣路易斯市制定了烟尘法令,底特律市于1907年制定了烟尘

展览背景资料:美国重大历史事件年表

展览背景资料:美国重大历史事件年表 1607 5月14日:104名欧洲移民抵达北美,建立了英国在北美的第一个殖民地弗吉尼亚的詹姆斯顿。 1609 受荷兰东印度公司雇用,亨利·哈德逊在后来被称为哈德逊河的河流上航行、勘探 1619 7月30日:弗吉尼亚伯吉斯议院召开美洲第一次选举出的立法会的首次会议海盗船“珍宝”号(英国)和“白狮”号(荷兰)运抵第一批非洲奴隶到美洲1620 12月26日:“五月花”号携102名朝圣者抵达马萨诸塞的普利茅斯 1626 彼得·米纽特以60荷兰盾(24美元)从美洲土著人手中购得曼哈顿岛 1652 罗得岛施行殖民地首部法律,宣布奴隶制非法 1675–76 飞利浦国王战争期间,殖民者与美洲土著人在新英格兰发生历史上最血腥冲突1692 在马萨诸塞的塞伦市的魔法审判中,19个人(包括男人和女人)被判绞刑疯狂迫害达到顶点 Section 1 1704 4月24日:约翰·坎贝尔编辑印刷美国第一份报纸《波士顿时事通讯》第一期c. 1730 殖民地经历了由乔纳森·爱德华兹、乔治·怀特菲尔德和吉尔伯特·特南特发 起的“大觉醒”宗教复兴运动(约至1745年) 1765 英国议会实施印花法案对美洲输入物征税,激起货物抵制与骚乱(1766年撤销)17705月5日:英国士兵在波士顿大屠杀中杀死5个殖民者,煽动起独立情绪177312月16日:塞缪尔·亚当姆斯发起的“自由之子”组织,在波士顿茶会上将进口茶叶倾倒在波士顿港,抗议英国征税 1775 4月18-19日:保罗·瑞维尔星夜骑马提醒莱克星顿人抵御英国军队,美国革命开始

1776 1月:托马斯佩恩的《共同的感觉》点燃了要求脱离英国获取独立的革命情绪7月4日:国会通过了建立美利坚合众国的《独立宣言》,包括未来总统约 翰·亚当斯(1797-1801)和托马斯·杰斐逊(1801-1809)以及起草人本杰 明·弗兰克林在内的56个人签名 1783 英美签订《巴黎条约》,英国承认美国独立,革命战争正式结束 1787《西北法令》铺平殖民之路,为俄亥俄河北部和密西西比河东部疆土的合并打下基础 1787–90国家大会批准《美国宪法(1787年9月17日制定)》,取代了《联邦条款》; 特拉华最早批准(1787年12月7日),新汉普郡的批准使其达到9个州的 数量,《美国宪法》生效(1788年6月21日),罗得岛在13个州中最后一 个批准(1790年5月29日) 17894月30日:乔治·华盛顿被一致选举为美国第一位总统(1789-1797),是美国历史上唯一一位获全票选举的总统候选人 1791 12月15日:美国施行《权利法案》,对宪法第一次作了10处修改,保障全体公民基本权利 1793《逃奴法案》实施,助长了对逃跑奴隶的追捕,规定对帮助奴隶者给予严惩17943月14日:埃利·惠特尼为轧棉机申请专利,刺激了南部农耕地区经济发展 1800国家首都由费城迁往由法国建筑师皮埃尔·埃芬特仿照巴黎和凡尔赛设计的华盛顿特区 18034月30日:杰斐逊总统从法国手中购买路易斯安娜,美国疆土从密西西比河到落基山脉,达到800,000平方英里 1803–06 刘易斯和克拉克领导“探险军团”探索路易斯安纳及远至太平洋的未勘疆土1812–15 美国企图扩张至今日的加拿大,对英法与拿破仑战争有关的禁运不满,怀疑英国对美国西部边疆土著人提供帮助,1812年战争爆发,英军烧毁国会大 厦和白宫(1814年9月13日-14日) 1817–18 在对聚集在佛罗里达的逃跑奴隶引起的不适引发的第一次色迷诺尔战争中,安德鲁·杰克逊将军率领美国军队与美洲土著色迷诺尔人交战 1819 通过亚当斯-奥尼斯条约,美国从西班牙手中取得佛罗里达 1820 《密苏里妥协案》以梅森-迪克逊线为分界,划分了自由州与奴隶州,包含

美国历史

2010 9 28更新』两小时读完美国历史,四小时sat2 从200分到400分.美国历史简单outline, 中英文混版,持续更新来源:张冠晨的日志 第一章 美洲殖民地人们的早期生活。 A.The Age of Exploration The English Colonies 两个主要的1. Jamestown in Virginia in the South 2. Massachusetts Bay Colony in Massachusetts in the North B.Virginia at Jamestown 的主要事件 1.建立于1607 年4月26日 (这篇outline中的时间顺序最好记一下,因为sat 2似乎很喜欢考顺序题,而且有个最基本的时间概念对学历史的感觉很重要) 一个名字嚣张的叫London Company 的股份制公司(Joint-Stock)投资了它 2. Captain John Smith, led the colony. 但是他太笨了,被印第安人给抓了。但是又被印第安的一位女生, Pocahontas给救了 3. Jamestown的地理位置选得不好,而且第一批去的人(settlers)缺乏种田经验,玩过帝

国的人都知道,种田对国家的补给是很重要的。所以结果饿死了好多人,在此存亡时刻,他出现了.... 4. 1619,John Rolfe introduced West Indian tobacco plants. tobacco(烟草) 给jamestown 注入了新的活力。出口烟草成了他们的主要经济来源。 5. London Company的日子其实一直不好过,即使jamestown可以卖烟草,但是London Company 赚的钱还是很少,为了解决招商引资的问题,他们决定做出了决定。你去美国那边可以自己建政府!叫区域自制。类似于自治区。 于是,1619年,House of Burgesses, 建立了(这种英文不知道怎么翻译,也没必要翻译)。它是first representative government in the New World. 6. 1675, 一个叫Nathaniel Beacon 发起了个rebellion against Governor Berkeley. 史称Beacon Rebellion. 主要原因是官员Berkeley“清剿”“印匪”工作不利,导致Beacon自己领导了一个500人的军队去“清剿”印第安人(美国教材也习惯性叫他们Native America)。Berkeley 非常尽责,他表示beacon的行为违法了。Beacon怒了,一把火烧了jamestown。但是Berkeley还是率领军队打败了Beacon。 7. 1640年,slaves(非洲奴隶)被引进jamestown. C.Massachusetts Bay Colony 1. 跟jamestown是因为经济原因建立(profit), Massachusetts Bay 更像是一个宗教避难所。当时欧洲出现于不同传统天主教的“新教”,他们和天主教一样都信耶稣,但是宗教习惯不一样,而且被天主教迫害。所以他们需要一个地方可以有自己的信仰,于是来了new world. 2. 1630年,John Winthrop 率领若干Puritans 建立Massachusetts Bay Colony. 他们实行一种宗教干政的民主形式。只有男性宗教成员才有资格给一个叫the General Court的legislature投票。大部分居民都对这种政体表示满意,可是很快出现了不和谐的声音....(见下一个section) 3. 1636年,一个叫Roger William的人坚持Massachusetts Bay Colony的土地使用权是从英国政府手上买的,不是从印第安人手上买的;所以不合法。而且他要求政教分开和信仰自由。很不幸,他被驱逐出殖民地。但是他去了Rhode Island. 而且建立了一个政教分开,民主,宗教自由的殖民地。

美国重大历史事件年表

美国重大历史事件年表 展览背景资料:美国重大历史事件年表 1607 5 月14 日:104 名欧洲移民抵达北美,建立了英国在北美的第一个殖民地弗吉 尼亚的詹姆斯顿. 1609 受荷兰东印度公司雇用,亨利·哈德逊在后来被称为哈德逊河的河流上航行, 勘探 1619 7 月30 日:弗吉尼亚伯吉斯议院召开美洲第一次选举出的立法会的首次会议 海盗船"珍宝"号(英国)和"白狮"号(荷兰)运抵第一批非洲奴隶到美洲 1620 12 月26 日:"五月花"号携102 名朝圣者抵达马萨诸塞的普利茅斯 1626 彼得·米纽特以60 荷兰盾(24 美元)从美洲土着人手中购得曼哈顿岛 1652 罗得岛施行殖民地首部法律,宣布奴隶制非法 1675–76 飞利浦国王战争期间,殖民者与美洲土着人在新英格兰发生历史上最血腥冲突1692 在马萨诸塞的塞伦市的魔法审判中,19 个人(包括男人和女人)被判绞刑疯 狂迫害达到顶点 Section 1 1704 4 月24 日:约翰·坎贝尔编辑印刷美国第一份报纸《波士顿时事通讯》第一期 c. 1730 殖民地经历了由乔纳森·爱德华兹,乔治·怀特菲尔德和吉尔伯特·特南特发 起的"大觉醒"宗教复兴运动(约至1745 年) 1765 英国议会实施印花法案对美洲输入物征税,激起货物抵制与骚乱(1766 年撤销) 1770 5 月5 日:英国士兵在波士顿大屠杀中杀死5 个殖民者,煽动起独立情绪 1773 12 月16 日:塞缪尔·亚当姆斯发起的"自由之子"组织,在波士顿茶会上将进 口茶叶倾倒在波士顿港,抗议英国征税 1775 4 月18-19 日:保罗·瑞维尔星夜骑马提醒莱克星顿人抵御英国军队,美国革命 开始 1776 1 月:托马斯佩恩的《共同的感觉》点燃了要求脱离英国获取独立的革命情绪 7 月4 日:国会通过了建立美利坚合众国的《独立宣言》,包括未来总统约 翰·亚当斯(1797-1801)和托马斯·杰斐逊(1801-1809)以及起草人本杰 明·弗兰克林在内的56 个人签名 1783 英美签订《巴黎条约》,英国承认美国独立,革命战争正式结束 1787 《西北法令》铺平殖民之路,为俄亥俄河北部和密西西比河东部疆土的合 并打下基础 1787–90 国家大会批准《美国宪法(1787 年9 月17 日制定)》,取代了《联邦条款》; 特拉华最早批准(1787 年12 月7 日),新汉普郡的批准使其达到9 个州的 数量,《美国宪法》生效(1788 年6 月21 日),罗得岛在13 个州中最后一 个批准(1790 年5 月29 日) 1789 4 月30 日:乔治·华盛顿被一致选举为美国第一位总统(1789-1797),是美 国历史上唯一一位获全票选举的总统候选人 1791 12 月15 日:美国施行《权利法案》,对宪法第一次作了10 处修改,保障全 体公民基本权利 1793 《逃奴法案》实施,助长了对逃跑奴隶的追捕,规定对帮助奴隶者给予严惩 1794 3 月14 日:埃利·惠特尼为轧棉机申请专利,刺激了南部农耕地区经济发 展 1800 国家首都由费城迁往由法国建筑师皮埃尔·埃芬特仿照巴黎和凡尔赛设计的

世界大事年表

14-15世纪欧洲出现资本主义萌芽 14世纪末朝鲜王朝建立 14-16世纪欧洲文艺复兴运动 1487-1488迪亚士远航到达非洲南部沿海 1492哥伦布远航到达美洲 1497-1498达伽马远航到达印度 1519-1522麦哲伦船队环球航行 16世纪早期印度莫卧儿帝国建立 1520-1570西欧宗教改革 1566-1581尼德兰革命 1600英国东印度公司建立 17世纪初期荷兰侵入印度尼西亚,法,英,荷开始在北美掠夺殖民地;德川幕府开始统治日本 1640英国资产阶级革命开始 1688英国光荣革命,资产阶级和新贵族的统治确立 17世纪英法成为贩卖奴隶的主要国家 1689俄国彼得一世开始改革 17时机后半期法国路易十四开始改革 17时机后半期牛顿力学体系确立 18世纪中期普鲁士腓特烈二世改革 18世纪中后期奥地利特雷西亚女皇和约瑟夫改革 18世纪60年代英国工业革命开始 1775-1783北美独立战争 1776北美大陆会议发表《独立宣言》,宣布美利坚合众国独立 1785瓦特的改良蒸汽机投入使用 1789.7法国资产阶级革命开始 1792.9法兰西第一共和国成立 1793.6-1794。7法国雅各宾派专政 1794法国热月政变 1799拿破仑发动“雾月政变” 1804海地宣布独立 1804拿破仑称帝,法兰西第一帝国开始 1810-1826拉丁美洲反对西班牙殖民统治的独立运动 1815维也纳体系的确立 1830法国七月革命 1831,1834法国里昂工人起义 19世纪30年代法拉第证明了电磁感应现象 1836-1848英国宪章运动 1844德意志西西里工人起义 1848.2《共产党宣言》发表 1848-1849 1848年欧洲革命 1853-1856克里米亚战争

简明美国历史及重要事件

新托福听力必备知识背景- 简明美国历史及重要事件英文表达 英属北美殖民地的建立(1607--1733) 北美洲原始居民为印第安人。16-18世纪,正在进行资本原始积累的西欧各国相继入侵北美洲。法国人建立了新法兰西(包括圣劳伦斯流域下游大潮区,密西西比河流域等处);西班牙人建立了新西班牙(包括墨西哥和美国西南部的广大地区)。1607年,英国建立了第1个殖民据点—詹姆士城,此后在大西洋沿岸陆续建立了13个殖民地。到达殖民地的大多数是西欧贫苦的劳动人民,也有贵族、地主、资产阶级,以英国人、爱尔兰人、德意志人和荷兰人最多。移民中有逃避战祸和宗教迫害者,有自愿和非自愿的“契约奴”以及乞丐、罪犯;还有从非洲被贩运来的黑人。 “五月花”号(Mayflower) 独立战争(1774—1783) 英法为争夺海上霸权和掠夺殖民地而进行的七年战争,以英国胜利告终。英国在北美接管了加拿大,控制了密西西比河以东的新法兰西,对北美殖民地全面加强控制,宣告阿巴拉契亚山脉以西为王室产业,禁止殖民地人民染指;并征收重税,严厉缉私,限制经济活动,严重损害了殖民地各阶层人民的经济利益。从1619年弗吉尼亚建立议会起,各殖民地相继成立议会,与英国相抗衡,1765年9个殖民地举行抗议印花税大会,掀起反抗怒潮。 18世纪70年代英国进一步执行高压政策,1770年波士顿惨案发生。1773年通过了茶税法,引起波士顿倾茶事件。1774年颁布了5项不可容忍的法令(诸如封闭波士顿港,增派英国驻军,取消马萨诸塞自治权,确立英国对殖民地的司法权等),从政治上军事上加紧对殖民地的控制与镇压。1772-1774年,各殖民地普遍成立通讯委员会,领导抗英斗争。1774年9月5日,除佐治亚外的各殖民地代表在费城召开了第1届大陆会议,通过了和英国断绝一切贸易关系的决议,继而通过“关于殖民地权利和怨恨的宣言”,向英王呈递请愿书。1775年4月18日,在波士顿附近的列克星敦和康科德,殖民地爱国者打响了反抗的枪声,揭开了独立战争的序幕。5月,第2届大陆会议召开。次年7月大陆会议通过独立宣言,宣布13个殖民地脱离英国独立。 独立战争开始时,双方实力悬殊,战争进行了8年。到1781年10月,美、法联军攻下英军最后据点约克镇,独立战争基本结束。1783年英美签订巴黎和约。独立战争时期涌现出一批杰出的政治家,如大陆军的总司令G.华盛顿、《独立宣言》的起草人T.杰斐逊、外交家B.富兰克林、文化战士T.潘恩。 印花税条例(Stamp Act) 抵制(The Boycott) 新英格兰地区殖民地(New England Colonies) 波士顿倾茶事件(The Boston Tea Party) 无代表权不得征税(No taxation without Representation) 大陆会议(Continental Congress) 独立战争(War of lndependence) 独立宣言(Declaration of Independence) 独立的民族主权国家的建成(1781-1814)

Chronology of America 美国历史编年表

Chronology of America 1607: Jamestown settled 1619: Africans arrive 1620: Pilgrims arrive 1622: Powhatan confederacy attacks Virginia 1624: Virginia becomes royal colony 1624: New Netherlands settled 1629: Cambridge Agreement 1630: Massachusetts Bay Colony founded 1634: Maryland granted to Baltimore 1636: Williams founds Providence 1637: slaves arrive in Massachusetts 1637: Pequot War 1639: Fundamental Orders of Connecticut 1630: Rhode Island formed 1643: New England Confederation formed 1650-1660: Navigation Acts 1652: Rhode Island passes anti-slavery law 1656: Quakers come to America 1662: Half-Way Covenant 1663: Carolina chartered 1670: Charles Towne established 1673: first post rider used 1675-1676: King Philip's War 1676: Bacon's Rebellion 1679: New Hampshire chartered 1681: Penn founds Pennsylvania 1682: Penn founds Pennsylvania 1682: La Salle claims Louisiana for French 1690: Salem Witch Trials 1704: Boston News-Letter founded 1730s: Great Awakening 1732: first public stagecoach line 1732: Hat Act 1733: Molasses Act 1733: Oglethorpe founds Georgia 1750: Iron Act 1754-1763: French and Indian War 1763-1765: Pontiac's Rebellion 1763: Royal Proclamation of 1763 1764: Sugar Act 1764: Currency Act 1765: Quartering Act 1765: Stamp Act 1766: Declaratory Act

美国历史--中英文

美国历史--中英文

1) The "discovery" of the New World 发现新大陆 ①The "first Americans" were the Indians 最早的美国人是印第安人 ②In the late 15th century, Christopher Columbus, an Italian navigator, supported by the Spanish queen, he led his men to sail across the vast ocean in 1492 and reached some small islands in the now west Indies. He thought he had reached Asia and didn't know he had discovered a New Continent. 15世纪后期,意大利航海家克里斯多弗.哥伦布,在西班牙女王的支持下,于1492年率领船队穿越浩瀚的大西洋,抵达了现在西印度群岛的一些小岛。他误以为到达了亚洲,并不知道自己已经发现了一个新大陆。 ③Ameriga Vespucci proved that the land was a new continent. Therefore, the land was named America after him.

阿美利歌?韦斯普奇证明了这是新大陆,因此,以他的名字命名。 2)Causes of the colonization of the New World 殖民时期 Opportunity was a magic word. 机遇是一个神气的词 ①The new Would drew English nobles (who dreamed of getting more land and establishing great new estates.). ②Drew other people who could not find jobs in England. ③Most of all , it drew the poor and the homeless from the farmlands and villages of Europe. ④Many settlers came to the English colonies in search of religious freedom because they had been persecuted in England. 1)他吸引了英国的贵族(那些梦想在荒原上创建庞大的新地产的) 2)吸引那些在英国无法找到工作的人。

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