英语写作手册答案

英语写作手册答案

【篇一：大学英语写作手册课后题】

our host entertained us with many interesting stories of adventure, he had been a member of an exploration team working in the arctic.

our host entertained us with many interesting stories of adventure, who had been a member of an exploration team working in the arctic.

2. when i woke up i saw him asleep in bed, i had not heard him when he came back. because i had been sleeping soundly.

when i woke up i saw him asleep in bed, i did not hear him when he came back. because i had been sleeping soundly.

3. liu always did his work a little better than his fellow workers, that was why he got higher pay than others.

liu always did his work a little better than his fellow workers, which was why he got higher pay than others.

4. no student could answer that question, even xiao yao, who was usually quick in answering questions, was silent.

no student could answer that question, even xiao yao who was usually quick in answering questions was silent.

5. lin looks like li, however, they are not related.

lin looks like li, but they are not related.

6. the old man hunched forward. his head tilted at an angle. his eyes half closed, looking very sleepy.

the old man hunched forward. his head tilted at an angle. his eyes half closed, looks very sleepy.

7. the work was well planned, everybody worked with great enthusiasm, thus, they over fulfilled their quota.

the work was well planned, everybody worked with great enthusiasm, so they over fulfilled their quota.

8. mark twain, a well-known american writer, whose experience as a pilot on a steamboat was no doubt an important factor that helped him to become a famous writer.

mark twain is a well-known american writer, whose experience as a pilot on a steamboat was no doubt an important factor that helped him to become a famous writer.

part2

1. xu comes from a working-class family. he eolled in college last fall.

xu who comes from a working-class family eolled in college last fall.

2. the dean issued a bulletin. it said the library would remain open on weekends.

the dean issued a bulletinwhich said the library would remain open on weekends.

3. last night was a windy night. the thunder roared. the wind blew a gale. the rain fell in torrents.

last night was a windy night, the thunder roaring, the wind blowing a gale. the rain falling in torrents.

4. there are icicles on the trees. the temperature must have fallen considerably during the night. the temperature must have fallen considerably during the night for there are icicles on the trees.

5. he returned to his hometown. he had been away for twelve years. he looked in vain for the

familiar landmarks.

after he had been away for twelve years, he returned to his hometown, looking in vain for the familiar landmarks.

6. we have made some progress. we still have a long way to go.

although we have made some progress, we still have a long way to go.

7. the sky was cloudless. the sun was shining brightly.

the sky was cloudless and the sun was shining brightly.

8. there were over two hundred passengers on board the plane. about one third of them were foreigners.

there were over two hundred passengers on board the plane, about one third of whom were foreigners.

9. the girl began to learn to play the piano when she was a child. her mother was a famous pianist.

the girl whose mother was a famous pianist began to learn to play the piano when she was a child.

10. napoleon was born in 1769. at that time corsica had just been acquired by france. napoleon was born in 1769 when corsica had just been acquired by france.

11. she appeared on the stage. a stormy applause broke forth.

when she appeared on the stage, a stormy applause broke forth.

12. the gypsies are really a nomadic people from india. they migrated into europe. once they were thought to be egyptians. the gypsies once who were thought to be egyptians are really

a nomadic people from india. they migrated into europe. .

13. the new workers are young and inexperienced. they are eager to learn from the veteran workers.

the new workers are young and inexperienced so they are eager to learn from the veteran workers.

14. it was a poor quarter. there were a lot of small huts. they had mud walls and straw roofs. they dotted a hillside.

it was a poor quarter. there were a lot of small huts which had mud walls and straw roofs, dotting a hillside.

15. he heard that his father was ill. he was anxious to go home to see him. he went to the station early in the morning to buy a ticket.

he heard that his father was ill. he was anxious to go home to see him so he went to the station early in the morning to buy a ticket.

part3

1. she began to speak very fast at the meeting at ten o’clock. she spoke very fast at the 10 o’clock meeting.

2. bernard shaw was one of the best-known playwrights.

… of britain in the 19-20th centuries.

3. the houses were mere shanties, and rags were stuffed in the cracks and holes.

… were mere shanties, with rags stuffed in the cracks and holes.

4. i read the novel on the train, which did not interest me at all. on the train i read the novel which did not interest me at all.

5. a well-dressed man admitted us to the house, and we later learned that he was a thief. we were admitted to the house by a well-dressed man, who was a thief as we learned later.

6. i lost some important documents and found them three days later. the police had helped me. … and/but found them three days later with the help of the police.

7. we entered the shop, and a saleswoman greeted us, and all kinds of shoes were on the shelves, and the prices were quite reasonable, and a lot of customers were buying them.

a saleswoman greeted us as we entered the shop. on the shelves were all kinds of shoes at quite reasonable prices, attracting a lot of customers/buyers.

8. tell helen, if she is at home, i will come to see her.

tell helen i will come to see her when she is in.

9. listening attentively, a faulty sound was heard.

listening attentively, i heard a faulty sound.

10. on entering the room, no one was seen.

on entering the room, i saw no one.

11. fred is energetic, capable, and a man you can rely on.

ble, and reliable.

12. the children promised to be careful and that they would return home early.

…promised they would be careful and return home early.

13. dickens’s novels offer no solu tion to the social injustices he exposes in them.

dickens offers no solution to the social injustices in his novels.

14. my watch is either fast or yours is slow.

either my watch is fast or yours is slow.

15. glancing out of the window, a beautiful view attracted my attention.

…, i was attracted by a beautiful view.

16. he nearly finished reading ten books during the vacation.

he finished reading nearly 10 books in the vacation.

17. if interested in painting, a course can be taken at the evening school.

…, you can take…

18. she said that she would come if she could, but not to wait for her.

…, but we need not wait for her.

19. to tell my friend the good news the letter was posted at once.

… the good news i posted the letter at once.

20. i will go to the lecture, for i like his poems.

…, for i like the poems by the speaker.

part4

1. in the year 1840 the opium war broke out.

in 1840 the opium war broke out.

2. there are more books in their library than in our library.

their library has moor books than ours.

3. he returned back home after he graduated from college.

he returned home after graduation from college.

4. we planned to meet just before suise very early in the morning.

we planned to meet just before suise.

5. the cause of the flood was due to the heavy rain in late spring.

the cause of the flood was the heavy rain in later spring.

6. he was asked to repeat the sentence again.

he was asked to repeat the sentence.

7. i play badminton equally as well as my brother.

i play badminton as well as my brother.

8. it seemed to his friends that his attitude was of a puzzling nature.

… that his attitude was puzzling.

9. these watermelons are large in size and sweet in taste.

… are large and sweet.

10. he did not tell the truth with an honest attitude.

he did not tell the truth.

11. there are a number of students who want to join the drama club.

a number of students want to join the drama club.

12. he was kind enough to let me share the same umbrella with him.

he was so kind as to let me share his umbrella.

13. zhao was the person who was elected the representative of the class by the whole class. zhao was elected the representative of the class.

14. at the present time i am taking the course of world history and in addition a course in geography too.

at present i am taking the course of world history and a course in geography.

15. the plane circled around the airport for about ten minutes or so and then disappeared and could no longer be seen.

after circling the airport for about 10 minutes, the plane disappeared.

16. what i am trying to say is that in my opinion he has not done his work very well and it needs improving.

what i am trying to say is that he has not done his work well.

17. i would like you to consider the question of whether or not you will let our journal publish your recent article on women scientists in china.

i would like you to consider whether our journal could publish you article on women scientists in china.

18. owing to the fact that he had missed many lectures, he was aware that it would be possible for him to fail the exam. since he had …, he was ware of the possibility of his failing the exam.

19. you must first work out an outline for your paper, and then after you have done that, you need to collect all kinds of material to support your point of view.

you must work out an outline first, then collect enough materials to support your point.

20. in that country violent death has become a commonplace thing, a thing that occurs every day. in that country violent death has become a commonplace thing.

21. he is not only a good pianist, but also a good singer as well.

he is not only a good pianist, but also a good singer.

22. this pretty actress keeps appearing in tv serials repeatedly. this pretty actress keeps appearing in tv serials.

23. as a rule, students are usually not allowed to take books out of this reading room.

students are usually not allowed to take the books out of this reading room.

24. according to the speaker, it is obvious that the responsibility system has helped to increase production and he has no doubt about it.

according to the speaker, it is obvious that the responsibility system has helped to increase production.

25. one reason why people are well informed in this country is because of the fact that there are many newspapers which can easily be bought or subscribed to.

one of the reasons why people in this county are well informed is that there are many newspapers easily available.

26. statistics show that in the decade from 1980 to 1990 eollments at this school doubled: in 1990 there were twice as many students as in 1980.

statistics show that from 1980 to 1990 eollments at this school doubled.

27. there are so many inexperienced unskilled workers without training in a particular job that production of the factory has been affected.

so many workers are unskilled that the production has been affected.

28. there are about 50 patients or so in this ward, among whom many are being given acupuncture treatment.

many of the 50 patients in this ward are treated by acupuncture / are taking acupuncture treatment.

29. his name is called james williams.

his name is … / he is … / this is …

30. whatever he does, he works seriously with great care, and does his best so as to do it well. whatever he does, he does his best.

第一题改错五个句子（发给你的文档里的句子挑五个，你到时候

用word文档查找功能帮我找下，文档里每个题号上下俩句子，上边是错的我的题，下边是改了的答案，你给我念答案就行）

第二题同义词选择填空十个词给一个词然后出俩选项看哪个意思和它一样到时候题干里的生词我觉得可能得联系上下文理解，应该不单单只是词义，不过不管了，到时候我把题干和ab俩选项的词告诉你，你查完告诉我a还是b就行

第三题第四题第五题我自己搞定但是有可能会有不会的词，发下卷来我先把不会的词都标出来，你帮我查一下，拜托啦魁姐

第六题是写作两个段落给俩时事热点围绕热点写一段话，不用写

作文，一段话就行。这个可能也得你帮我查查=-=我现在的词汇量都还给高中老师了，时事的话我可能还真不知道怎么写，呜呜，生词

啊tat

我明天真的真的就指望你了，魁姐！！我爱你！！

【篇二：2丁往道《英语写作手册》外研社】

英语写作---expressing an idea》赵文书，康文凯南京大学出版社

2．丁往道《英语写作手册》外研社

3．《英语写作》刘家荣主编高等教育出版社

4．英语写作纵横谈毛荣贵编著上海外语教育出版社

5．体验英语写作杨永林编著高等教育出版社

6．大学英语创意写作 ian smallwoodli po lung 上海外语教育出版社

7．英语作文借鉴手册姜保华上海交通大学出版社

8．《英语写作手册》丁往道等主编外语教学与研究出版社

9．writing academic englishalice oshima ann hogueaddison-wesley publishing company

10．《高级英语写作指南》祁寿华上海外语教育出版社

11．《高级英文写作教程》王振昌毛卓亮董启明赵朝珠编外语教学与研究出版社

12．《实用英语写作》胡文仲吴祯福编著外语教学与研究出版社 13．curriculum: foundations, principles, and issues 课程：基础、原理和问题

（美）艾伦c 奥恩斯坦费朗西斯p汉金斯著江苏教育出版社

14．英语写作孙骊编著上海外语教育出版社

15 campbell, c. teaching second language writing: interacting with text. beijing: foreign language teaching and research press,2004: 61-76.

16 marion williams robert l. burden. psychology for language teachers cambridge university press,1997.

17 reid., j. teaching esl writing. university of wyoming: prentice hall regents, 1993: 205-256.

18 silva, t. and brice, c. research in teaching writing. annual review of applied linguistics, 24. usa: cambridge university press, 2004: 70-106.

20 ur p. a course in language teaching: practice and theory. cambridge: cambridge university press,1996.

21．刘上扶. 《英语写作论》。广西教育出版社，1999.

22 王文宇.《母语思维与英语写作》，陕西师范大学出版社，2004.

23 文秋芳，王立非.《英语写作教学》。陕西师范大学出版社，2003.

【篇三：写作知识】

归纳法

主题句的位置比较灵活，通常位于段首, 其优点是开门见山，一目了然。用演绎法 (deduction)写的段落也称“扩张法”，就是以概述主题开首，随之辅以细说，即用具体细节或事例来演绎展开主题句中的主题思想。用归纳法 (induction) 写段落也称作“收拢法”，从细节出

发，最后归纳到段落的中心论点。用此种方法写作时，主题句一般

位于段落的末尾，它是依据上文的细节推出的论点，起到画龙点睛

的作用。

主题句有时也位于段落的中间。这种写作方法常用来比较或对比不

同的对象。段中主题句起承上启下、使上下文平衡的作用。

为了强化主题，写作时可采用演绎法与归纳法相结合的方法。有时

主题句可能会出现在段首而又在段落最后一句重述，前后呼应，两

次点题可更加突出段落的主题。这就是所谓的“三明治式结

构”(sandwich-style)。如果段落很长，运用这种结构可以给人更深

刻的印象，并有助于读者对主题思想的理解。

在有的段落中，主题句甚至不直接写出来，而是通过细节的陈述含

蓄地表达出段落的主题思想 (implied topic sentence)。实际上它是

客观存在的，只是隐含在字里行间，需由读者意会。

主题句和辅助句

在段落中用于概括段落主旨大意的句子，叫做主题句。一个好的主

题句能够准确地表达作者的观点或态度。在段落中对主题句起表述

作用的句子叫做辅助句。辅助句用来解释、说明或扩展主题句所表

述的主题思想。

定语、状语构句规则

按照英语构句规则，充当定语或状语的词、短语或从句必须尽可能

地靠近所修饰的成分。如果忽视了这个规则，就会破坏语言表达的

科学性和规范性。请看下面句子：

misplaced modifiers

● please give the book to the boy with the b lue cover.

● that cat belongs to my neighbor with five kittens.

● george couldn’t drive to work in his small sports car with a broker leg. 以上的例子表明了句中的修饰语就是所谓的误置修饰语，它使句子意思混淆，引起误解，甚至荒谬可笑。

——摘自《新世纪实用英语写作》（第三版）

使用具体的词更加利于表达

具体词汇有助于使文章清楚、准确、生动和鲜明，因为与一般词汇

相比，具体词汇的信息量更大，表达力更强。

general it is often windy and dusty here in spring.

specific in spring there is often a very strong northwest wind.

it carries so much fine dust with it that sometimes the sun becomes obscure. there is no escape from the fine dust; it gets

into your eyes, your ears, your nostrils, and your hair. it goes through the cracks of closed windows and covers your desks and chairs.

如何使用习语

习语是有特殊意思的固定短语，其意思和组成这个习语的各个词的

意思大不相同。

习语常用于发言和文章中，使得语言自然、地道。外国学生在使用

习语时应注意两点：1）大多数习语用于非正式或口语化文体，谈话

时可用；但少数是俚语，应慎用，如 all balled up（使??变得紊乱/

一团糟），to cough up（勉强说出或供出）；2）很多习语由于用

得太多而不再新鲜有趣，如 armed to the teeth，as good as gold，因而以少用为宜。

修辞格是什么

词可以有两种使用法：一是按本来的意思使用；一是按引申的意思

使用。后一种用法也可说是比喻的或形象的用法，目的在于激发读

者或听众的想象。在 a colorful garden 这个短语里，colorful 是按

词的本来意思使用的；但在 a colorful life 和 a colorful。

——摘自《英语写作手册》（中文版）（第二版）

有时候问题不能一下子解决的

sometimes, you may not succeed in problem solving on your first try; you need to break the problem down into smaller problems, called subproblems, and then solve them one by

one till you achieve your final goal. “most often progress

toward the goal is not made along a single well-paved road,” halpern tells us, and “when the goal is not immediately attainable,” you often need to do a little means-ends analysis

or take detours by listing appropriate means to your ends (subgoals for the subproblems) and then move on to the final goal.

头脑风暴的准则都是什么？

brainstorming was originally proposed by alex osborn in 1963 as a method for group problem solving, but it’s also useful for individuals working alone. brainstorming is also called “ideas cascading”1 where many ideas are

generated to serve as raw material for later analysis. bowkett’s suggestion for this activity is that “once you have identified

the concept(s) to be brainstormed or the problem(s) to be solved, the golden rule is that all responses are valued and go

into the melting pot.” effective brainstorming requires participants to make links and to look at things in as many different ways as possible and to volunteer to contribute freely without passing judgment on anything.

remember, refinement of ideas or critical thinking is for later use. at this stage you just write down the first thing that comes to mind; anything goes—no idea is to be evaluated or judged, much less discarded.

创意思维是需要避免感情色彩的

it is imperative that creative thinkers overcome emotional blocks. to do that, as de bono (1970) points out, is to suspend judgment. first, we need to be aware of the difference between being right and being effective: “being right means being right all the time. being effective means being right only at the end.” second, creative thinking is about being effective: we are allowed to be wrong on the way as long as we are right in the end. de bono says “judgment is

suspended during the generative stage of thinking in order to be applied during the selective stage. the nature of the system

is such that a wrong idea at some stage can lead to a right one later on.”

——摘自《英语写作教程—从创新思维到批判思维》

如何根据语体风格恰当地措辞？

常用的词可分为三类：正式的、一般的、非正式的。正式的词也可

称作学术性的词、文雅的词或“大”词。这类词主要用于正式文体，

如学术性或理论性著作、政治和法律文件，以及正式的演讲或报告；一般词汇是人们常用的，并在多种文体中出现的；非正式词主要用

于非正式的、不讲究客套的谈话，很少出现于正式文章中。在文学

作品中它们主要用来记述人们的想法和对话。这类词一般很短，只

有一两个音节。

准确了解词义非常重要

许多英语词的中文译法或对应词固然表示它们的原义，但也有许多

英语词没有确切的中文译法或对应词。为了准确地了解一个英语词

的意思，最好查阅有英语释义的词典，看那个词的英语定义。中文

翻译并不总是可靠，有时还会导致误解。

——摘自《英语写作手册》（中文版）（第二版）

当一个名词同时带有几个修饰词语时，修饰词语的位置如何排列呢？

在英语中，当一个名词同时带有几个修饰词语时，修饰词语的位置

大体可按下列顺序排列：限定词（包括冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词等）→数词→一般描绘性形容词（短词语在前，长词语在后）→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示形状的形容词→表示

年龄、新旧的形容词→表示颜色的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处

的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→表示用途、类别的形容词→

名词中心词。

例如：a tall intelligent young chinese debater’s eloquent speech particularly attracted the audience’s attention.

从属法是什么？

把两个意思有联系但并不同等重要的简单句用某种手段连接起来，

使一个句子从属于另一个句子，就构成复合句。我们把这一扩展句

子的方法称为从属法。从属法可以更准确地表达作