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高中英语情态动词详解及练习

高中英语情态动词详解及练习
高中英语情态动词详解及练习

高中英语情态动词详解

1. 表示请求和允许: can,could ,may,might. 过去式使语气更委婉,答语应用原形。

--- Could I use your computer tomorrow morning?

--- Yes,you can.( 否定回答可用:No,I’m afraid not.)

1)can表示理论上的可能性,指某事或情况可能发生,但并不说明实际上真的发生.

Children can be very tiring.

2)对现在事情的推测:情态动词+do

对过去事情的推测:情态动词+have done

对已完成事情的推测:情态动词+have done

3)反意问句:

He may know the plan,doesn’t he?

You must have studied English before,haven’t you?

You can’ t have been caught in the rain last night,were you?

3.can & be able to

在肯定句中can表示有“能力”做,be able to表示通过想办法/努力等而能够做成了某一件事,相当于managed to do…或succeeded in doing sth.

Birds can fly.

The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out.

4. may / might as well do sth“还是…好”、“不妨”

You might as well tell me the truth. 你还是把真相告诉我的好。

5. must和have to

1) must表示的是说话人的主观看法,而have to强调客观需要。

2)否定形式含义不同。mustn’t禁止,不许可,don’t have to不必

3) must 偏要(做令人不快的事)eg. Must you shout so loudly?

6. shall和should

1)表示说话人征求对方意见和向对方请示,用于第一、三人称。

When shall my father be able to leave hospital?

Shall2) 用于第一、三人称2) 用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁以及说话人的决心。

You shall go with me (命令)/ You shall have the book when I finish it.33(允诺)

He shall be punished (威胁)/ Nothing shall stop me from doing it. (决心)

3) 规定(在条约、规则、法律)

1)表示劝告和建议“应该”

2) “按道理应当”“估计”(=ought to)

They should be there by now,I think.

3)用于第一人称表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。

I should advise you not do that.我倒是劝你别这样做。

4)在条件句中表示“万一”,主句不一定用虚拟语气。

Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him. /Should I be free tomorrow,I’ll come.

5)(Why / How + )should 结构表示说话人对某事不能理解,感到意外、惊异等意思,意为“竟然”,也用在某些从句中。

It seems so unfair that this should happen to me.这种事竟然发生在我身上真不公平。

7. will 和would

1)表示意志和意愿。will 指现在,would指过去。

If you will listen to me,I’ll give you some advice.

2)表示请求、建议,would比will委婉、客气。Will (Would ) you please pass me the book?

3)表示习惯性动作,“总是”“惯于”,will指现在,would指过去。

Fish will die without water.

Every evening,she would sit by the window,deep in thought.

4). 表示功能,意为“能” 或“行”The machine won’t work.

5) 表示预料或猜想。It would be about ten when he left home.猜想他离开家时大约十点。

8. would & used to

1)表示过去持续的状态和情况用used to;would不与表示状态的动词连用。

There used to be a hospital here. / There would be a hospital here.( ×)

2)would 常与often,sometimes,for hours等表示时间的副词(短语)连用。

We would sit in the yard every evening and listened to his story.

3)used to 强调过去的行为同现在的对比,含有“过去怎样,而现在却不这样了”的含义. eg.He will not spend the money on books as he used to.

9. dare 和need

两者作为情态动词都不用于肯定句,常用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中。习惯用语I dare say(可能,或许,我揣测)除外。实义动词用法同于一般动词。但在否定句中,dare 后的to可省略,即:don’t / doesn’t dare(to ) do…. need 作为实义动词时,用在否定句中时,其后的to不能省略。

He dare go there alone. ( ×)He dares to go there.

He dares not go there alone. ( ×)He dare not go there alone . / He doesn’t dare( to ) go there alone.

He stood there without daring lift his head.(×)He stood there without daring to lift his head. 10.情态动词+ have done,表示过去比较:情态动词+ do ,表示现在或将来。needn’t have done & didn’t need to do…

She need not have come yesterday. 她昨天本不必要来的。(但却来了)

She didn’t need to come yesterday.她昨天不必来。(实际上也没来)

【各个击破】

1. I lived with my sister this summer and didn’t have to pay rent. So I ____save my salary.

A. could

B. would

C. was able to

D. should

2. --- Look ,John’s fallen asleep.

--- Oh,he ______ too late last night.

A. might sit up b. should have sat up c. could sit up D. must have sat up

3. On Sundays when I was a child ,Father and I ____ get up early and go fishing.

A. could

B. would

C. might

D. should

观察内容的选择,我本着先静后动,由近及远的原则,有目的、有计划的先安排与幼儿生活接近的,能理解的观察内容。随机观察也是不可少的,是相当有趣的,如蜻蜓、蚯蚓、毛毛虫等,孩子一边观察,一边提问,兴趣很浓。我提供的观察对象,注意形象逼真,色彩鲜明,大小适中,引导幼儿多角度多层面地进行观察,保证每个幼儿看得到,看得清。看得清才能说得正确。在观察过程中指导。我注意帮助幼儿学习正确的观察方法,即按顺序观察和抓住事物的不同特征重点观察,观察与说话相结合,在观察中积累词汇,理解词汇,如一次我抓住时机,引导幼儿观察雷雨,雷雨前天空急剧变化,乌云密布,我问幼儿乌云是什么样子的,有的孩子说:乌云像大海的波浪。有的孩子说“乌云跑得飞快。”我加以肯定说“这是乌云滚滚。”当幼儿看到闪电时,我告诉他“这叫电光闪闪。”接着幼儿听到雷声惊叫起来,我抓住时机说:“这就是雷声隆隆。”一会儿下起了大雨,我问:“雨下得怎样?”幼儿说大极了,我就舀一盆水往下一倒,作比较观察,让幼儿掌握“倾盆大雨”这个词。雨后,我又带幼儿观察晴朗的天空,朗诵自编的一首儿歌:“蓝天高,白云飘,鸟儿飞,树儿摇,太阳公公咪咪笑。”这样抓住特征见景生情,幼儿不仅印象深刻,对雷雨前后气象变化的词语学得快,记得牢,而且会应用。我还在观察的基础上,引导幼儿联想,让他们与以往学的词语、生活经验联系起来,在发展想象力中发展语言。如啄木鸟的嘴是长长的,尖尖的,硬硬的,像医生用的手术刀―样,给大树开刀治病。通过联想,幼儿能够生动形象地描述观察对象。4. --- Many people in England love to give advice on weather reporting.

--- Yes,but I think the weather office’s computers ___ be more accurate. (精确的)

A. can

B. must

C. ought to

D. might

5. --- Are you still going to Shanghai for the Spring Festival?

--- Yes,but I really ____ because I have a lot of things to deal with.

A. can’t

B. mustn’t

C. won’t

D. shouldn’t

6. –Well,I forgot to bring my dictionary here yesterday.

-- Actually you ____ it here. You were not allowed to use it.

A. needn’t bring

B. needn’t have brought

C. didn’t need to bring

D. don’t have to bring

7. --- Shall I book the table for the dinner?

---Yes,you____. The restaurant is always full of people.

A. can

B. will

C. must d. need

8. The poor boy ____ the test again;in that case,his mother will be very disappointed.

A. must have failed

B. might fail

C. could have failed

D. should fail

9. --- Why ____ it rain now? I ___ go to the concert at 7.

--- What a pity!

A. can;might not

B. should;needn’t

C. must;can’t

D. need;mustn’t

10. -- We need some fresh air,but the window open.

-- _____I help you ?

A. didn't;Will

B. shan't;Need

C. mustn't ;May

D. won't;Shall

11. -- What do you think of your nephew?

-- He be very naughty but at the same time you __ help liking him.

A. will;will

B. won’t ;can’t

C. may;may

D. can;can’t

12. It was not possible that she____ go down,step by step down the unexpected stairs into the dark below.

A. should dare

B. should dare to

C. must dare

D. must dare to

13. --- I am told that John had another car accident this morning.

我国古代的读书人,从上学之日起,就日诵不辍,一般在几年内就能识记几千个汉字,熟记几百篇文章,写出的诗文也是字斟句酌,琅琅上口,成为满腹经纶的文人。为什么在现代化教学的今天,我们念了十几年书的高中毕业生甚至大学生,竟提起作文就头疼,写不出像样的文章呢?吕叔湘先生早在1978年就尖锐地提出:“中小学语文教学效果差,中学语文毕业生语文水平低,……十几年上课总时数是9160课时,语文是2749课时,恰好是30%,十年的时间,二千七百多课时,用来学本国语文,却是大多数不过关,岂非咄咄怪事!”寻根究底,其主要原因就是腹中无物。特别是写议论文,初中水平以上的学生都知道议论文的“三要素”是论点、论据、论证,也通晓议论文的基本结构:提出问题――分析问题――解决问题,但真正动起笔来就犯难了。知道“是这样”,就是讲不出“为什么”。根本原因还是无“米”下“锅”。于是便翻开作文集锦之类的书大段抄起来,抄人家的名言警句,抄人家的事例,不参考作文书就很难写出像样的文章。所以,词汇贫乏、内容空洞、千篇一律便成了中学生作文的通病。要解决这个问题,不能单在布局谋篇等写作技方面下功夫,必须认识到“死记硬背”的重要性,让学生积累足够的“米”。--- I believe not. He ____ so careless.

“教书先生”恐怕是市井百姓最为熟悉的一种称呼,从最初的门馆、私塾到晚清的学堂,“教书先生”那一行当怎么说也算是让国人景仰甚或敬畏的一种社会职业。只是更早的“先生”概念并非源于教书,最初出现的“先生”一词也并非有传授知识那般的含义。《孟子》中的“先生何为出此言也?”;《论语》中的“有酒食,先生馔”;《国策》中的“先生坐,何至于此?”等等,均指“先生”为父兄或有学问、有德行的长辈。其实《国策》中本身就有“先生长者,有德之称”的说法。可见“先生”之原意非真正的“教师”之意,倒是与当今“先生”的称呼更接近。看来,“先生”之本源含义在于礼貌和尊称,并非具学问者的专称。称“老师”为“先生”的记载,首见于《礼记?曲礼》,有“从于先生,不越礼而与人言”,其中之“先生”意为“年长、资深之传授知识者”,与教师、老师之意基本一致。A. shouldn’t have been B. wouldn’t

have been

唐宋或更早之前,针对“经学”“律学”“算学”和“书学”各科目,其相应传授者称为“博士”,这与当今“博士”含义已经相去甚远。而对那些特别讲授“武事”或讲解“经籍”者,又称“讲师”。“教授”和“助教”均原为学官称谓。前者始于宋,乃“宗学”“律学”“医学”“武学”等科目的讲授者;而后者则于西晋武帝时代即已设立了,主要协助国子、博士培养生徒。“助教”在古代不仅要作入流的学问,其教书育人的职责也十分明晰。唐代国子学、太学等所设之“助教”一席,也是当朝打眼的学官。至明清两代,只设国子监(国子学)一科的“助教”,其身价不谓显赫,也称得上朝廷要员。至此,无论是“博士”“讲师”,还是“教授”“助教”,其今日教师应具有的基本概念都具有了。C. couldn’t have been D. mustn’t have been

14. ---You ought to have given them some advice.

---____,but who cared what I said?

A. So I ought

B. So ought I

C. So I did

D. So did I

15.---Write to me when you get home.

--______.

A.I must

B. I should

C. I will

D. I can

16. Shut your mouth. Nothing ___ stop me once I have made up my mind.

A. will

B. ought to

C. shall

D. must

17. Keep up a good state of mind even if you _____fail plenty of times.

A. must

B. will

C. can

D. should

18. The policeman told the pupils. “You ____ play football in the street.”

A. can’t

B. needn’t

C. mustn’t

D. shouldn’t

19. If you ___ wait a moment,I will go and find our manager.

A. can

B. should

C. will

D. must

20. Don’t believe him. His story ___ be true.

A. mustn’t

B. needn’t

C. shouldn’t

D. may not

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初中英语情态动词详细用法归纳(含练习及答案)(直接打印版)

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