英语

绝密★考试结束前

浙江省2013年选拔优秀高职高专毕业生进入本科学习统一考试

英语

请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

选择题部分

注意事项：

1. 答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

2. 每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。

Part I Reading Comprehension (60 marks, 60 minutes)

Section A （每小题2分）

Format I

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet.（40 marks）Passage One

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

A quality education is the ultimate liberator. It can free people from poverty, giving them the power to greatly improve their lives and take a productive place in society. It can also free communities and countries, allowing them to leap forward into periods of wealth and social unity that otherwise would not be possible. For this reason, the international community has committed itself to getting all the world?s children into primary school by 2015, a commitment known as Education for All.

Can Education for All be achieved by 2015? The answer is definitely “yes”, although it is a difficult task. If we now measure the goal in terms of children successfully completing a

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minimum of five years of primary school, instead of just enrolling for classes, which used to be the measuring stick for education, the challenge will become even more difficult. Only 32 countries were formerly believed to be at risk of not achieving education for all on the basis of enrollment rates. The number rises to 88 if completion rates are used as the standard. Still, the goal is achievable with the right policies and the right support from the international community.

59 of the 88 countries at risk can reach universal primary completion by 2015 if they bring the efficiency and quality of their education systems into line with standards observed in higher-performing systems. They also need significant increases in external（外部的）financing and technical support. The 29 countries lagging（落后）farthest behind will not reach the goal without unprecedented（空前的）rates of progress. But this is attainable with creative solutions, including the use of information technologies, flexible and targeted foreign aid, and fewer people living in poverty.

A key lesson of experience about what makes development effective is that a country?s capacity to use aid well depends heavily on its policies, institutions and management. Where a country scores well on these standards, foreign assistance can be highly effective.

1. It can be inferred from the passage that a quality education has the function of _______.

A. helping a country free from foreign rule

B. making people become wealthy

C. giving people more power and freedom

D. speeding up the progress of society

2. The goal of Education for All is _______.

A. to get all the children in the world to go to primary school by 2015

B. to let poor children have the same chances to go to school as rich ones

C. to support those countries determined to reform their education systems

D. to help the poor countries improve productivity and achieve unity

3. What used to be the standard of measuring a country?s education?

A. The rate of pupils being admitted by high school.

B. The percentage of children enrolling for classes.

C. The rate of school children who successfully passed the required courses.

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D. The percentage of children who successfully completed primary school.

4. Which of the following will help achieve the goal of Education for All?

A. Setting up more primary schools in poor regions.

B. Establishing higher-performing education systems.

C. Taking advantage of information technologies.

D. Significantly increasing the national financing.

5. The efficiency of using foreign aid is mostly determined by _______.

A. the government?s policies and management

B. the country?s wealth and economy

C. people?s awareness of developing education

D. students? performance in school exams

Passage T wo

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

This Thanksgiving, many families are closer than they?ve been in years. An increasing number of extended families across the USA are under the same roof living together. These arrangements are multigenerational, with adult children, grandchildren or an elderly parent sharing quarters. The reasons are economic and social.

“This is a pattern that will continue,” predicts Neil Howe, a historian and economist. “High rates of multigenerational family living had been a norm until after World War II, when the emphasis shifted to the nuclear family enabled by construction of interstate highways, the rise of suburbs and the affluence（富裕）of young adults. But by the late 1950s and 1970s, there was a generation gap and almost generation war,”Howe says. “There was a time in the 1970s when no one wanted to live together. Seniors were moving to Leisure World to get away from the culture of the kids. Couples were divorcing and youngsters wanted to strike out on their own. But now, many young adults do return home, at least temporarily.”

Michele Beatty, 54, of Waynesville, Ohio, and her husband, Cordon, 56, had an empty nest between the time the youngest of their three sons went to college and the return of their oldest, Patrick, who left his job as a graphic designer.

“They said, …you can come home to your old room and continue to look for employment,?”

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says Patrick Be atty, 28. “I was stuck there. We were all brought up with the cultural expectation that once you leave the nest, you are not supposed to return. I feel part of the time like a burden,” he says. “I try to contribute to the house when I can. I try to stay ou t of their way as much as possible. It?s home, but not the home I?d be building for myself if I had my way.”

A survey of 2,226 adults, done by Narris Interactive for the non-profit Generations United, found that of those in a multigenerational home, 40% reported that job loss, changes in job status or unemployment was a reason for the living arrangement.

6. Which of the following arrangements is multigenerational in the USA?

A. Nuclear families.

B. Extended families.

C. Single parent families.

D. Families of seniors.

7. In the USA, multigenerational home is regarded as a norm _______.

A. between 1950s and 1970s

B. before World War II

C. ever since 1950s

D. until late 1970s

8. According to the writer, families are closer than before because _______.

A. interstate highways make going home easier

B. relatives tend to live close by in the suburbs

C. more people return home for holidays

D. family members now live together

9. What do the underlined words “strike out on their own” in Paragraph 2 most probabl y mean?

A. Develop a new relationship with their employers.

B. Get away from the culture of the kids.

C. Start to live an independent life.

D. Build their own houses.

10. How does Patrick Beatty feel about living with his parents?

A. Excited.

B. Helpless.

C. Regretful.

D. Satisfied.

Passage Three

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

Researchers at the University of Maryland’s School of Nursing found that 55 percent of the

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2,103 female nurses they surveyed were obese（肥胖的）, citing job stress and the effect on sleep of long, irregular work hours as the cause.

The study, which measured obesity using estimates of body mass index（体质指数）, found that nursing schedules affected not only the health of the nurses but the quality of patient c are.

“Health care professionals are often involved in providing advice or care to patients that relates to things that aren?t totally under control in their own lives. It?s not uniform for health care professionals to eat well or avoid tobacco,” said Dr. David Katz, the director of the Y ale University Prevention Research Center.

Keith-Thomas A yoob, associate professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, said nurses are just as susceptible to health problems as the rest of society.

“Be fore we were health professionals, we were real people. Just because we became health professionals doesn?t mean we stopped being members of regular society with all the problems that go along with it. It illustrates that knowledge alone isn?t always enoug h to produce behavioral changes,” said A yoob.

The same is true with smoking, A yoob said.

“We all know smoking is bad. It doesn?t matter if you?re a doctor or a nurse or a plumber. Y ou might assume that your interest in health would be higher if you were a health professional, but a lot of doctors and nurses smoke,” said A yoob.

“Nurses need to understand the importance of taking care of themselves before patients or their families,” A yoob said.

To combat the high obesity rate among nurses, Kihye Han, the author of the study, proposed more education on good sleep habits, and better strategies for adapting work schedules. She also called for napping at work to relieve sleep deprivation（睡眠不足）, reduce fatigue and increase energy.

11. One of the causes of the high obesity rate among nurses is _______.

A. heavy smoking

B. nursing schedules

C. less education

D. unhealthy food

12. By saying “It?s not uniform for health care professionals to eat well or avoid tobacco”, Dr. David Katz wants to tell us _______.

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A. health care professionals eat well

B. doctors and nurses usually don?t smoke

C. health care professionals wear different uniforms

D. doctors and nurses don?t necessarily have healthy behaviors

13. The underlined words “susceptible to” i n Paragraph 4 probably mean _______.

A. easily influenced by

B. closely connected with

C. highly sensitive to

D. very doubtful about

14. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A. nurses need more professional training

B. nurses need some help to control weight

C. doctors don?t have obesity problems

D. doctors often give useless advice

15. What might be helpful to solve the problem of high obesity among nurses?

A. More sleep.

B. Tighter schedule.

C. Higher income.

D. More exercise.

Passage Four

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:

A new study shows an astonishing number of people are using their cellphones on the john(盥洗室). From web browsing and texting to conference calls and online shopping, it seems this technology-driven world leaves no time for bathroom breaks.

11mark, an integrated marketing agency, surveyed 1,000 American mobile users in October. Seventy-five percent of them admitted they used their phones while on the toilet—leaving no mystery as to what happens behind closed stalls.

And this doesn’t just account for the technology-addicted youth. Forty-seven percent of mobile users from the Silent Generation (born 1946 or before), 65 percent of Baby Boomers (1946-1964) and 80 percent of Gen X-ers (1965-1976) use their cell phones in the bathroom.

But as expected, Generation Y has the highest percentage of multitaskers, using their phones and the john at the same time.

Did the same percentage of Gen Y wash their hands afterward? Ninety-two percent of those

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surveyed reported they washed their hands after using the restroom (perhaps all those “Y ou must wash your hands before returning to work”signs have started to pay off).

But unfortunately the same cannot be said for their mobile devices—only 14 percent wash their phones after using the bathroom. Maybe this calls for a new-age health initiative, requiring public restaurants to change their signs to “Y ou must wash your hands—and your phone—before returning to work.”

And for many, toilet talking and texting was not a just one-time thing, used only in the most dire（急迫的）circumstances. Twenty-four percent of mobile users reported they actually don’t go to the bathroom without their phones.

In a world where you can’t even have a moment of solitude（独处）on the toilet, one is forced to wonder, isn’t anything sacred anymore？

16. The passage is mainly about _______.

A. a survey on how people use their mobile phones

B. the different ages and percentages of mobile users

C. whether people wash their hands and phones after using the bathroom

D. how technology-driven world influences bathroom breaks

17. We can learn from the passage that what happens in the bathroom used to be regarded as _______.

A. funny

B. enjoyable

C. ridiculous

D. mysterious

18. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A. the older people are more addicted to technology

B. the younger people are better multitaskers

C. technology has the same influence on different people

D. technology has a destructive power

19. The underlined words “pay off” in Paragraph 5 p robably means _______.

A. deserve nothing

B. cost much

C. influence people

D. go unnoticed

20. What is the tone of this passage?

A. ironic

B. humorous

C. optimistic

D. doubtful

英语试题第7页(共14页)

Format II

Directions:In the following passage, some sentences have been removed. For questions 21—25, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit into any of the gaps. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet.(10 marks)

This year the world?s po pulation ticked over to 7 billion. 21) _______ They forecast dramatic changes unless significant steps are taken to control population growth. Here are some challenges a population of 7 billion must confront.

Water is probably going to be the first real threat that we bump into. Access to fresh water becomes incredibly difficult. We?re seeing the impacts of overuse of water resources and that sort of pressure mounts as the world population increases. 22) _______

What we?re putting into the atmosphere is going to lead to changes that haven?t been seen in millions of years. As the whole world warms up, a lot of places become very unpleasant to live in.

23) _______ We have to find less polluting sources of energy and be much more careful in the way that we make use of the remaining non-renewable fuels we’ve got. If we continue to tap the resources to meet the immediate economic demands, the supplies will run out in time. We still can’t imagine that one day we have to run the world from renewable energy resources.

24) _______ We?ve got some major health problems with the medical services to actually attack the diseases of old age. But the real problem is that the world population is growing fastest in the developing countries. How can we cope with a double of the population when they’re already dirt poor and only just getting enough to live on? 25) _______ Is it all doom and gloom （前景暗淡）as the experts suggest, or do we have a brighter future?

A. Challenges range from water shortages to rising sea levels.

B. Experts have painted a depressing future for life on Earth.

C. All countries in the world will face the challenge of population ageing.

D. Agriculture, a main consumer of water, may have to change its whole structure.

E. If we hang on to them for a little bit, they?ll get more and more valuable in the future.

F. The challenge of meeting the food needs of its ever-growing population is enormous.

G. There will be much hotter temperatures, summer-time heat stress and rising sea levels.

英语试题第8页(共14页)

Section B （每小题1分）

Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Please blacken the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.(10 marks)

A good deal of fascinating research has been done about the reading patterns of young people, and it is surprising to discover at what an early age children start expressing preferences for particular kind of books. A recent report, which 26 in detail the reading habits of primary-school children, showed that even seven-year-old boys and girls have 27 views about what they want to read. Girls, in general, read more, and 28 more girls than boys preferred reading stories. Boys were showing a 29 for the more instant appeal of picture stories, or else books about their hobbies.

These tastes continue 30 until the children are teenagers. Apparently girls read more in general, but more fiction in particular. Y ou could say that there are more 31 for girls to read fiction: magazines 32 the fiction habit in girls in their early teens, and by their late teens they have probably moved on to the adult women?s magazines. Teenage boys 33 to buy magazines about their hobbies: motorcycles, heavy transport and so on.

Adult reading tastes are also the 34 of research. Again the number of women who read for pleasure is 35 higher than the number of men. It seems that the majority of women still want love stories. There has also been some analysis of what men actually read. Apparently only 38 per cent of men read anything, but 50 per cent of what they read is fiction in the form of

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Part II Integrated T esting (30 marks, 30minutes)

Section A Cloze （每小题1分）

Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet.(20 marks)

It?s lunch time at a popular restaurant in Hong Kong and the place is quite buzzing. The

36 from the 50 or more diners makes 37 hard to have a conversation. When customers are asked if they find it noisy, the most 38 response is “Sorry, what did you say?”

And it?s 39 wonder. Five minutes inside the restaurant is 40 eating in a factory and 41 dining at a live rock concert—a noise level that can cause permanent harm 42 less than ten minutes.

“OK, yes, it?s noisy,” says a waitress, who has to lean in close to hear us ask 43 she can work in this noisy place eight hours each day, “but I?m so 44 to it I don?t even notice it any more.”

From restaurants to public transport, shopping malls to schoolyards, we all live, work and play 45 by noise loud enough to cause hearing loss. 46 like the restaurant waitress, most of us are not 47 about the harm noise pollution is doing to us 48 .

So to raise the 49 about just how loud it is out there, we 50 the noise level with a certified sound level meter in various public spaces. 51 we found was deafening. Everywhere the noise was well above what the World Health Organization considers the 52 limit of 70 decibels—and some places were loud enough to cause severe hearing and 53 health problems after just a few minutes.

54 the noise around you seems less bothersome, it?s 55 because you are slowly losing your hearing.

36. A. speech B. scream C. noise D. talk

37. A. that B. it C. those D. them

38. A. doubtful B. regular C. exceptional D. common

39. A. no B. any C. a D. so

40. A. as B. like C. beyond D. between

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41. A. already B. always C. at once D. at times

42. A. on B. for C. in D. from

43. A. how B. that C. whether D. who

44. A. related B. alert C. used D. prone

45. A. replaced B. reserved C. modified D. surrounded

46. A. Thus B. And C. But D. Otherwise

47. A. prepared B. touched C. concerned D. obliged

48. A. all B. altogether C. at least D. as well

49. A. level B. suspicion C. point D. alarm

50. A. obtain B. measure C. discover D. control

51. A. Where B. When C. What D. Which

52. A. expected B. safe C. required D. proper

53. A. further B. little C. other D. another

54. A. If B. Until C. Though D. Unless

55. A. hardly B. simply C. carefully D. unconsciously

非选择题部分

注意事项：

用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。

Section B Short Answer Questions （每小题2分）

Directions:In this part there is a short passage followed by five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements with no more than 10 words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet.(10 marks) Lifestyle is the way a person lives; it includes work, leisure time, hobbies, other interests, and personal philosophy. One person?s lifestyle may be do minated by work with few social activities. Another?s may involve hobbies, recreational activities or personal philosophy.

There is little doubt that lifestyles are changing and that these changes will have an impact on the way business operates in the years ahead. Several cases are causing lifestyle changes in some developed countries.

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First, there is more leisure time than ever before. The workweek is now less than forty hours, as compared with seventy hours a century ago. Some experts believe it will be twenty-five hours or less in a few decades. Several firms have adopted four-day workweeks with more hours per day. Others have cut down on the number of working hours each week. Reduced work schedules mean increased leisure time.

Second, families have fewer children than before—and young couples are postponing childbirth instead of having children early in the marriage. This trend has forced many businesses to modify their competitive strategies. Gerber Products Company used to advertise “babies are our business—our only business”. Now Gerber products include infant and toddler clothing, stuffed animals and accessories such as bottles, baby powder and so on.

Third, people are better educated and more prosperous now than they were earlier. These advantages bring with them the freedom to question current lifestyles and examine new ones. Inquiries of this nature have sometimes led to personal lifestyle changes. Today’s youth, for example, are not only better educated but more independent and individualistic（我行我素的）than past generations.

The business world is only beginning to realize how people?s lifestyles can influence their behavior as employees, consumers and members of society.

56. How many hours did people work a century ago according to the passage?

57. Why have some businesses dealing with baby items changed their promotion strategies?

58. Why are the people in some developed countries more critical about their lifestyles?

59. What does the writer say about today?s young people?

60. Wh y is it important for the business world to realize the changes in people?s lifestyles?

Part III T ranslation (30 marks, 30 minutes) （每小题3分）

Section A From Chinese to English

Directions:Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet.(15 marks)

61. While people may refer to the Internet for up-to-the-minute news, _______ （网络完全替代报纸是不可能的）.

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62. _______ （过去认为不可能的事）has now become a reality.

63. The teacher asked a difficult question, but finally Ted _______（想出了一个好的答案）.

64. I can’t afford to rent a house like that, _______（更不用说买了）.

65. Hurry up, or _______ （我们到那儿时票都卖完了）.

Section B From English to Chinese

Directions:Translate into English the underlined sentences in the following passage. Write your translation on Answer Sheet.(15 marks)

Have you ever been bitten? Of course you have. Y ou are surrounded by creatures that might, or do, bite. Even as you rest your head on your pillow, bedbugs are probably nibbling（啃）away at you. They live happily inside most pillows.

Take a walk outside and you are a target for “man’s best friend.”66) Hundreds of dog-bite victims visit US emergency rooms daily. Many bites are terrible. A vicious attack on a young woman in France led to the first face transplant. 67) To avoid the dogs in your neighborhood, you might want to hike into the desert or the woods. There, you run the risk of bites from rattlesnakes, scorpions, and blood-sucking ticks. Not to mention bears, wolves, and mountain lions. Even as they are becoming a threatened species, mountain lions are a growing threat in southern California as man continues to reduce their hunting areas by building housing tract after housing tract.

68) Speaking of housing, watch where you go in your house or garage. Shy but deadly, the black widow spider and the brown recluse spider make themselves comfortable in quiet areas of your closets or garage. One bite from either of them can make you very sick; occasionally, people die from such bites. 69) Unfortunately, many people fear all spiders, not just the few dangerous ones. They squash them or run from them at first sight, not realizing that most spiders are actually beneficial to man.

If you’re concerned about bites, don’t forget about rabid animal bites. Any warm-blooded animal can get infected with rabies（狂犬病）. Although humans in the US rarely get attacked by rabid animals, the disease is painful and dangerous. 70) Y ou will most likely die if you are not treated properly within 48 hours of being bitten.

英语试题第13页(共14页)

Part IV Writing (30 marks, 30 minutes)

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Traditional Schools or Online Schools. You should write about 120 words following the Chinese outline given below.

(1)有人喜欢传统学校……

(2)有人喜欢网络学校……

(3)我的选择及理由

英语试题第14页(共14页)

英文商标名称翻译与策略

英文商标名称地翻译与策略 1.前言 商标是商品地标志,是商品经济发展地产物,是商品生产者或经营者为使自己生产销售地商品区别于其他商品而使用地一种显著标志.它是商品显著特征地浓缩,是商品文化地核心部分.在国际市场上,商标常被企业家和消费者视为简化了地企业名称.商标一出现就成为企业地象征,是生产者和消费者直接对话地桥梁,是企业参与国际竞争地有力武器.中国地对外开放正在进一步深化,随之而来地国外企业在华地经济活动也在增加.这极大地丰富着中国人民地经济生活,并因此而衍生出了诸多对于国人而言全新地经济及商业活动.大量地国产商品正在出口到世界各地,而国外地商品也已蜂拥至国内市场.合法地商品都有一个自己地商标.因此,随着中外产品地交流,商品商标地翻译问题不可避免地出现了. 2.英文商标翻译地策略 2.1.音译 商标翻译过程中,音译是一种不可忽视地手段,具有极强地普遍性.音译是指在不背离“汉语语言规范和不引起错误联想或误解地条件下,按照原商标名称地发音,找到与之语音相近地汉语字词进行翻译.其优点是简单易行,译文有异国情调,可使产品具有一定吸引力.音译又分为：纯音译﹑谐音译和省音译. 2.1.1. 纯音译 纯音译即根据英文地读音逐字地用相近发音地汉字进行匹配地翻译.主要适用于专有名词,如：人名商标和地名商标.这种翻译法是商标在译为中文

时,因无法找到相应地汉语表达而不得不采用地翻译方法. 2.1.1.1人名商标 有些商标是姓氏构成地,如：Hoover(胡佛)真空吸尘器,是源于生产商William Henry Hoover地姓氏;Rael-Brook(雷尔-布鲁克)男装,是源于公司创始人H.Rael-Brook地姓氏.有些商标是人地全名,如：Walt Disney(沃尔特·迪斯尼)制片公司,是根据公司创始人Walt Disney地姓名而定;Pierre Cardin(皮尔·卡丹)时装,是根据该时装地制造者Pierre Cardin地姓名而定;“benz”品牌最早含义是卡尔本茨地姓,根据译音,在中国翻译成“奔驰”. 2.1.1.2地名商标 Santana(桑塔纳)轿车,San Tana原是美国加利福尼亚洲一座山谷地名称;Nokia(诺基亚)手机是根据芬兰北部一座名为Nokia地小镇命名地. 2.1.2谐音译 这种译法是以音为引子,经常是在纯音译地基础上改动个别字眼,这些字眼与原商标读音谐音,改动后地音译商标又结合产品特征.例如：为纪念航空公司创始人Willian Edward Boeing 人们以其姓氏确定地商标Boeing,译作“博音”,但作为商标,译者改用谐音“波音”,这就可以使人们对这类超音速飞机产生无尽地遐想. 2.1.3省音译 省音译是根据中国人地审美习惯,双音节和三音节地商标更能令人过目不忘,有些英文商标单词较长音节较多,如果逐字翻译,读起来拗口且不便记忆,可采用省音译来简化. 2.2意译

初级中学三级-五级考试题型(国标版,新课标版)

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