About the Contrast on Elementary Education Between

About the Contrast on Elementary Education Between America and

China

Abstract:Education has been playing an important role in a country’s economic development.It is an effective way to cultivate talents for a country. There is no doubt that the quality of a country’s education directly determines its economic https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4b4792048.html,cation has been divided into three types:Family Education,School Education and Social Education.Every type of education is necessary in the process of a child’s development.And elementary education is the most important part in school education because it lays the foundation of higher education.The paper tries to find out the contrast on elementary education of America and China from six aspects:Educational concept,School-running characteristics,Relationship between teachers and students,Teachers qualifications,Teaching methods and after-shool homework and Evaluating system.So it will help China get a better understanding of their education and make proper changes to provide a better education for pupils.

Key words: elementary education;contrast;pupils

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4b4792048.html,cational Concept

Nowadays,both China and America have realized the importance of science education and set the objectives of science education and enforcement standards.America has carried out the reform of education for many times.In 1994,the US National Academy of Science passed the first National Science Education Standards in the history of the United States.The objectives of science education include:to make decisions by scientific principles and processes;to get satisfaction and excitement through the understanding of nature;to improve students’s skills to work on economy;to encourage students to participate in discussions and debates on scientific technology.And its basic principle is to make all the students acquire equal education.American elementary education gives people an impression of excessive relaxation.The United States pays much attention to develop children’s intelligence and cultivate children’s interests in science.And they focus on the combination of theory and practice and aim to stir children’s curiosity and imagination.The classroom’s atmosphere is relatively relaxing and children are encouraged to speak out their mind.On the contrary in China,children are passive to accept what they have been told.Teachers are all right and they are not allowed to talk freely in class.American elementary education aims to make children independent and confident while China tries to make children rigorous and serious.Both of them have advantages and disadvantages.They should learn from each other to make up for their disadvantages.

II. School-running Characteristics

American Elementary Special Education is very common across the country.At American elementary schools,only one teacher is appointed to teach one class.Apart from the class teacher,there are other teachers,such as reading teacher, math teacher and other substitute teachers.But they do not take care of the class.Every time a child upgrades,he or she will be reorganized to a different class with different classmates and a new class teacher.Before she or he graduates,he or she will know all the students at his or her school and makes friends with them.In addition,every class will appoint one of the children’s mother to be the “class mother”.Her responsibility is to contact all the children’s mothers to organize different kinds of activities,such as to inform all the mothers of joining the Reading Club which is held by school and to tell them to attend the party and bring foods and drinks.Another special point is the layout of the classrooms.American elementary school classrooms are designed by the students and teachers according to their own preferences.There may be different kinds of plants and animals,bookshelves in different shapes.And the layout of the desks and chairs also makes people feel comfortable.This kind of classroom can stir the curiosity to study.But under the national conditions of China,it is difficult impossible to achieve the goal of small-class teaching.According to law,there should be only about 40 or 50 students in each class.In fact,in some region,there are more than 50 students in every class.And you will have same classmates until you graduate unless you are shifted to a different class.Besides,all the classrooms are same:white walls,blackboards and neat b layout of desks and chairs.Under this environment,children are inclined to be stressful and depressed.So their learning efficiency will be largely declined.

III. The relationship Between Students and Teachers

America is a land of free will.They all believe that all men are created equal.So American students and teachers are more like friends.The relationship between American students and teachers has three main features:the collaboration between students and teachers,equal discussion and relaxing atmosphere in class.Americans believe that teachers are not commanders but instructors and collaborators to lead the students to study by themselves.Teachers and students are both the focus of the class.They will respect each other and communicate with each other freely.During class,teachers either sit or stand to teach and students are allowed to walk around and discuss with other students.In China,the situation is quite different.Teachers are the main focus of the class.Only if a teacher raises a question can a student talk and answer the question.China has the tradition of respect teachers.In the eyes of Chinese students,teachers are authorities and what they have said must be right.During class,pupils are allowed to sit up straight and put their hands behind their backs.China and the United States have their own way of teaching,we can not say which is better. IV.The Teachers’a Qualifications

All the teachers are required to have Teacher License in public schools.Although every state in the United States has different standards,they share some common features.All the teachers must have bachelor’s degree and pass the Teacher’s License

Test.After the federal government issued the No Child Left Behind Law in 2002,the requirement of teachers’license is stricter.But in China,most elementary school teachers just graduated from junior college.In some private schools,some teachers even graduated from senior schools.Teachers are the foundation of educational development,so it is important to improve the qualifications of teachers,especially the elementary school teachers.Only if a teacher is qualified will she be able to teach students correctly.

V.Teaching Methods and After-school Homework

American teachers always encourage students to explore new knowledge by themselves.They always encourage students to raise questions and find out the answers by themselves.The students will not assigned much homework after school.They are often required to consult a lot of reference books to finish one homework.On the contrary,Chinese teachers will tell the students answers first.Students are very passive is the process of learning.And they will be given a lot of homework after school,such as reciting texts,copy texts a few times and so on.It is very common that Chinese students will be always carrying heavy schoolbags.

VI.Evaluating System

American schools evaluate students from all aspects,not just according to their grades.There are three one-to-one talks between teachers and parents a year.Teachers will first praise the student for his or her strengths and then analyze the student’s shortage by report card.By the way,the report card will never be announced in school.So it will not allow the students to compare with each other and get stress from others.The report card is divided into many small aspects including communication abilities,manners,English and math grades and other skills.The final grades are not judged only from the final exam but from the students’ behavior through the whole year.In China,grades are most important and test is the only way to evaluate whether a student is successful or not.This evaluating way will do harm to a student’s development.The heavy homework and high pressure will cause students to be exhausted and lose the interests in study.Under this kind of evaluating system,China has appeared many students with “Higher Scores and Lower Ability”. Conclusion and suggestions:

This paper briefly talks about the contrast on elementary education between China and the United States.Trough the paper,we call learn about the disadvantages of Chinese elementary education.Elementary education plays an important role in a child’s education through the whole life.So Chinese elementary education must take proper reform to provide a better https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4b4792048.html,pared with the advantages of American elementary education,this paper put forward some suggestions as follows:

1.Chinese elementary education should put more emphasis on science education.

2.Chinese elementary education should pay much more attention to children’s education for all-around development.China should shift some attention from grades to the students’ ability.

3.Chinese elementary education should combine the theory with practice and develop students’ practicing ability.

4.Chinese elementary education should shift the focus from teachers to students.And teachers should encourage students to come up with new ideas and challenge the authority in order to stir students’curiosity and imagination.

5.China should improve the standards of becoming an elementary school teacher.To be an elementary school teacher must have a bachelor’s degree and well-rounded.

6.China should spend more money to education and build more schools so that the students in one class will be declined.And it will be more convenient for a teacher to handle all the students.

7.Chinese elementary education should evaluate a student’s ability from all aspects but not just from the grades.

Elementary education has becoming more and more important in children’s development.And the situation of Chinese elementary education has become an important issue to be solved.

References:

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[2]江秀雪.美国小学是这样教孩子的[M]湖北:湖北长江出版集团，湖北人民出版社,2010

[3]马炳光.浅析中美师生关系特点之差异[J].中共济南市委党校学报,2008:1

[4]聂海清.中美中小学教师教学观念差异[J].现代教育科学（中学教师),2010:2

[5]熊琦.试谈中美小学教育的差异---来自现场的体验[J].外国问题研究,1997（3）:16-18

[6]闫宝军.浅析小学教育的重要性[J].中国科教创新导刊，2012:15

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