西南科技大学2012年《612马克思主义基本原理(A卷)》考研专业课真题试卷

2012年考研数学三试题

2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 数学三试题 一、选择题:18小题,每小题4分,共32分.下列每题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项符合题目要求的,请将所选项前的字母填在答题纸．．． 指定位置上. (1)曲线221 x x y x +=-渐近线的条数为（ ） (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3 (2)设函数2()(1)(2) ()x x nx f x e e e n =---，其中n 为正整数，则'(0)f =（ ） (A) 1(1)(1)!n n --- (B)(1)(1)!n n -- (C) 1(1)!n n -- (D) (1)!n n - (3)设函数()f t 连续，则二次积分2 220 2cos d ()d f r r r π θ θ= ?? （ ） (A) 2 220 d ()d x x y y +? (B) 2 220 d ()d x f x y y +? (C) 2220 d ()d y x y x +? (D) 2 220 1d ()d y f x y x +? (4) 已知级数1 1 (1) n n α∞ =-∑绝对收敛，级数21(1)n n n α∞ -=-∑条件收敛，则 （ ） (A) 102α<≤ (B) 112α<≤ (C) 3 12 α<≤ (D) 3 22α<< (5)设1100c α?? ?= ? ???,2201c α?? ?= ? ? ?? ,3311c α?? ?=- ? ??? ,4411c α-?? ? = ? ??? ,其中1234,,,c c c c 为任意常数，则下列向量 组线性相关的为( ) (A)123,,ααα (B) 124,,ααα (C)134,,ααα (D)234,,ααα (6) 设A 为3阶矩阵，P 为3阶可逆矩阵，且1100010002P AP -?? ? = ? ??? .若123(,,)P ααα=， 1223(,,)Q αααα=+，则1 Q AQ -= ( )

2012考研英语真题英语一阅读部分

Text 1 ①Come on—Everybody's doing it. ②That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. ③It usually leads to no good—drinking, drugs and casual sex. ④But in her new book, Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world. ①Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of examples of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. ②In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as loveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers. ①The idea seems promising, and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. ②Her critique of the lameness of many public-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology. ③“Dare to be different, please don't smoke!”pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers—teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. ④Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure. ①But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. ②Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. ③The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it's presented here is that it doesn't work very well for very long. ④Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut. ⑤Evidence that the loveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed. ①There's no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior. ②An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits—as well as negative ones—spread through networks of friends via social communication. ③This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day. ①Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. ②It's like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. ③The tactic never really works. ④And that's the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.

2018年考研数学一真题

2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试数学(一)试卷 一、选择题：1~8小题，每小题4分，共32分，下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是符合题目要求的 （1）下列函数中，在0x =处不可导的是（ ） (A)()sin f x x x = (B) ( )f x x = (C) ()cos f x x = (D) ( )f x = （2）过点()()1,0,0,0,1,0，且与曲面22z x y =+相切的平面为（ ） (A)01z x y z =+-=与 (B) 022z x y z =+-=与2 (C) 1x y x y z =+-=与 (D) 22x y x y z =+-=与2 （3）()()023 121!n n n n ∞=+-=+∑（ ） (A) sin1cos1+ (B) 2sin1cos1+ (C) 2sin12cos1+ (D) 2sin13cos1+ （4）设( )(22222222 11,,1,1x x x M dx N dx K dx x e ππ π πππ---++=== +???则（ ） (A)M N K >> (B)M K N >> (C)K M N >> (D)K N M >> （5）下列矩阵中与矩阵110011001? ? ? ? ??? 相似的为（ ） (A) 111011001-?? ? ? ??? (B) 101011001-?? ? ? ??? (C) 111010001-?? ? ? ??? (D) 101010001-?? ? ? ??? （6）()(),A B n r X X X Y 设、为阶矩阵，记为矩阵的秩，表示分块矩阵，则（ ） (A) ()(),r A AB r A = (B) ()(),r A BA r A = ()()(){}()T T

2012年考研英语完形填空真题及答案

2012年考研英语完形填空 The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. Thecourt cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law _2_ justices behave like politicians.Yet,inseveralinstances,justicesactedinwaysthat_3_thecourt’sreputationfor beingindependent and impartial. Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activitymakes itless likely that the court’s de cisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments. Part ofthe problem is thatthe justices are not _5_by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself _6_to thecode of conduct that _7_to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other similar cases _8_the question of whether there is still a _9_between the court andpolitics. TheframersoftheConstitutionenvisionedlaw_10_havingauthorityapartfrompoliti cs.Theygavejusticespermanentpositions_11_theywouldbefreeto_12_thoseinpower andhavenoneedto_13_politicalsupport.Ourlegalsystemwasdesignedtosetlawapartfro mpoliticsprecisely because they are so closely _14_. Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social _15_likelibertyandproperty.Whenthecourtdealswithsocialpolicydecisions,thelawit_16 _isinescapablypolitical-whichiswhydecisionssplitalongideologicallinesaresoeasily_17_asunjust. Thejusticesmust_18_doubtsaboutthecourt’slegitimacybymakingthemselves_19_ tothecode of conduct. That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and,_20_, convincing as law. 1. [A]emphasize [B]maintain [C]modify [D] recognize 2. [A]when [B]lest [C]before [D] unless 3. [A]restored [B]weakened[C]established [D] eliminated

2012年考研数学真题(完整版)

2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试数学一试题 一、选择题:1:8小题，每小题4分，共32分.下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目要求的，请 将所选项前的字母填在答题纸．．． 指定位置上. (1) 曲线221 x x y x +=-渐近线的条数 ( ) (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3 (2) 设函数2()(1)(2)()x x nx y x e e e n =---L ,其中n 为正整数,则(0)y '= ( ) (A) 1(1)(1)!n n --- (B) (1)(1)!n n -- (C) 1(1)!n n -- (D) (1)!n n - (3) 如果函数(,)f x y 在(0,0)处连续,那么下列命题正确的是 ( ) (A) 若极限00(,)lim x y f x y x y →→+存在,则(,)f x y 在(0,0)处可微 (B) 若极限2200(,)lim x y f x y x y →→+存在,则(,)f x y 在(0,0)处可微 (C) 若(,)f x y 在(0,0)处可微,则 极限00(,)lim x y f x y x y →→+存在 (D) 若(,)f x y 在(0,0)处可微,则 极限2200 (,)lim x y f x y x y →→+存在 (4)设2 0sin (1,2,3)k x K e xdx k π==?I 则有 ( ) (A)123I I I << (B) 321I I I << (C) 231I I I << (D)213I I I << (5)设1100C α?? ?= ? ???,2201C α?? ?= ? ??? ,3311C α?? ?=- ? ??? ,4411C α-?? ?= ? ??? ,其中1234,,,C C C C 为任意常数，则下列向量组线性相关的 为( ) (A)123,,ααα (B) 124,,ααα (C)134,,ααα (D)234,,ααα (6) 设A 为3阶矩阵，P 为3阶可逆矩阵，且1100010002p AP -?? ?= ? ??? .若P=（123,,ααα），1223(,,)ααααα=+，则 1Q AQ -= ( )

2012年考研英语二真题及解析

2012年考研英语(二)真题试题及答案 Section 1 Use of Eninglish Directions : Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries. His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe. GI .joe had a (11)career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle(13)portrayde themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the (14)side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were(15)or what towns were captured or liberated, His reports(16)the “willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men(17)the dirt and exhaustion of war, the (18)of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. (19)Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I. Joe was any American soldier,(20)the most important person in their lives. 1.[A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed 2.[A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal 3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded 4.[A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes 5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence 6.[A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against 7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming 8.[A]handed out [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down 9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed 10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither 11.[A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished 12.[A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony 13.[A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned 14.[A]ethical [B]military [C]political [D]human 15.[A]ruined [B]commuted [C]patrolled [D]gained 16.[A]paralleled [B]counteracted [C]duplicated [D]contradicted

2012年考研英语真题及答案

Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law _2_ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that _3_ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial. Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _5_by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself _6_to the code of conduct that _7_to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other similar cases _8_the question of whether there is still a _9_between the court and politics. The framers of the Constitution envisioned law _10_having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions _11_they would be free to _12_ those in power and have no need to _13_ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _14_.

2012年考研数学二试题及答案

2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试数学二试题 一、选择题:1:8小题，每小题4分，共32分.下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目 要求的，请将所选项前的字母填在答题纸．．． 指定位置上. (1) 曲线221 x x y x +=-渐近线的条数 ( ) (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3 【答案】C 【考点】函数图形的渐近线 【难易度】★★ 【详解】本题涉及到的主要知识点： （i ）当曲线上一点M 沿曲线无限远离原点时，如果M 到一条直线的距离无限趋近于零，那么这条直线称为这条曲线的渐近线。 （ii ）渐近线分为水平渐近线（lim ()x f x b →∞ =，b 为常数）、垂直渐近线（0 lim ()x x f x →=∞）和斜渐 近线（lim[()()]0x f x ax b →∞ -+=，,a b 为常数）。 （iii ）注意：如果 （1）() lim x f x x →∞不存在； （2）() lim x f x a x →∞=，但lim[()]x f x ax →∞-不存在，可断定()f x 不存在斜渐近线。 在本题中，函数221 x x y x +=-的间断点只有1x =±. 由于1 lim x y →=∞，故1x =是垂直渐近线. （而1 1(1)1 lim lim (1)(1)2 x x x x y x x →-→-+==+-，故1x =-不是渐近线）. 又2 1 1lim lim 11 1x x x y x →∞→∞+ ==-，故1y =是水平渐近线.（无斜渐近线） 综上可知，渐近线的条数是2.故选C. (2) 设函数2()(1)(2)()x x nx f x e e e n =---L ,其中n 为正整数,则(0) f '= ( ) (A) 1 (1) (1)!n n --- (B) (1)(1)!n n -- (C) 1(1)!n n -- (D) (1)!n n -

2018年考研数学二真题及答案

2018年考研数学二真题及答案 一、选择题：1~8小题，每小题4分，共32分。下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选 项是符合题目要求的. 1 若1) (lim 2 12 =++→x x x bx ax e ,则（ ） A 1,21-== b a B 1,21 -=-=b a C 1,21==b a D 1,2 1 =-=b a 2下列函数中不可导的是（ ） A. )sin()(x x x f = B.)sin()(x x x f = C. x x f cos )(= D.) cos()(x x f = 3设函数?? ???≥-<<--≤-=???≥<-=0 011 ,2)(0,10,1)(x b x x x x ax x g x x x f 若) ()(x g x f +在R 上连续，则（ ） A 1 ,3==b a B 2 ,3==b a C 1 ,3=-=b a D 2 ,3=-=b a 4 设函数 ) (x f 在 ] 1,0[上二阶可导，且 )(1 =? dx x f 则 （ ） A 当0 )(<'x f 时，0)21('）（时，f x f D 当0)2 1 (0)(<>''f x f 时， 5 dx x K dx e x N dx x x M x ???- --+=+=++=22 2 22 222)cos 1(,1,1)1(π ππππ π则M,N,K 大小关系为（ ） A.K N M >> B.N K M >> C.N M K >> D.M N K >> 6 ?? ? ?= -+-----1 220 1 2 2 )1()1(dy xy dx dy xy dx x x x x （ ） A 35 B 65 C 37 D 67 7 下列矩阵中，与矩阵??? ? ? ??100110011相似的为（）

2012考研英语一真题及答案解析(完整版)

2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语 The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law _2_ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that _3_ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial. Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _5_by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself _6_to the code of conduct that _7_to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other similar cases _8_the question of whether there is still a _9_between the court and politics. The framers of the Constitution envisioned law _10_having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions _11_they would be free to _12_ those in power and have no need to _13_ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _14_. Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social _15_ like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it _16_ is inescapably political-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily _17_ as unjust. The justices must _18_ doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves _19_ to the code of conduct. That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, _20_, convincing as law. 1. [A]emphasize [B]maintain [C]modify [D] recognize 2. [A]when [B]lest [C]before [D] unless 3. [A]restored [B]weakened [C]established [D] eliminated 4. [A]challenged [B]compromised [C]suspected [D] accepted 5. [A]advanced [B]caught [C]bound [D]founded 6. [A]resistant [B]subject [C]immune [D]prone 7. [A]resorts [B]sticks [C]loads [D]applies 8. [A]evade [B]raise [C]deny [D]settle 9. [A]line [B]barrier [C]similarity [D]conflict 10. [A]by [B]as [C]though [D]towards 11. [A]so [B]since [C]provided [D]though 12. [A]serve [B]satisfy [C]upset [D]replace 13. [A]confirm [B]express [C]cultivate [D]offer 14. [A]guarded [B]followed [C]studied [D]tied 15. [A]concepts [B]theories [C]divisions [D]conceptions 16. [A]excludes [B]questions [C]shapes [D]controls 17. [A]dismissed [B]released [C]ranked [D]distorted 18. [A]suppress [B]exploit [C]address [D]ignore 19. [A]accessible [B]amiable [C]agreeable [D]accountable

2018年考研数学二真题

2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试数学二试题 1.若()212 0lim 1→++=x x x e ax bx ，则A.1,12= =-a b B.1,12=-=-a b C.1,12= =a b D.1,12=-=a b 2.下列函数中，在0=x 处不可导的是 A.()sin f x x x = B.( )sin f x x =C.()cos f x x = D.( )f x =3.设函数()()2,11,0,,10,1,0,0ax x x f x g x x x x x b x -≤-?f x 时，102??< ??? f D.当()0''>f x 时，102??< ???f 5.设( )(22 22222211,,1,1ππππππ---++===++???x x x M dx N dx K dx x e 则A.>>M N K B.>>M K N C.>>K M N D.>>K N M 6. ()()2202121011x x x x dx xy dy dx xy dy -----+-=????A.5 3 B.5 6 ——印校园考研 一、选择题：1～8小题，每小题4分，共32分，下列每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求的，请将所选项前的字母填在答．题．纸． 指定位置上.

2012年考研数学三真题及标准答案

２0１2年考研数学三真题 一、选择题(１~8小题，每小题４分,共３2分。下列每题给出的四 个选项中,只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。） (1)曲线y=x 2+x x2?1 渐近线的条数为 (Ａ)0 (B）1 (C)2 （D)3 【答案】C。 【解析】 由lim x→+∞y=lim x→+∞ x2+x x2?1 =1=lim x→?∞ y=lim x→?∞ x2+x x2?1 ， 得y=1是曲线的一条水平渐近线且曲线没有斜渐近线； 由lim x→1y=lim x→1 x2+x x?1 =∞得x=1是曲线的一条垂直渐近线； 由lim x→?1y=lim x→?1 x2+x x?1 =1 2 得x=?1不是曲线的渐近线; 综上所述，本题正确答案是C 【考点】高等数学—一元函数微分学—函数图形的凹凸、拐点及渐近线 (2)设函数f(x)=(e x?1)(e2x?2)?(e nx?n)，其中n为正整数， 则f′(0)= （A）(?1)n?1(n?1)! (B)(?1)n(n?1)! （C)(?1)n?1(n)! (D）(?1)n(n)! 【答案】A 【解析】 【方法1】

令g (x )=(e 2x ?2)?(e nx ?n)，则 f (x )=(e x ?1) g (x ) f ′(x)=e x g (x )+(e x ?1)g′(x ) f ′(0)= g (0)=(?1)(?2)?(?(n ?1)) =(?1)n?1(n ?1)! 故应选Ａ． 【方法2】 由于f (0)=0,由导数定义知 f ′(0)=lim x→0f(x)x =lim x→0 (e x ?1)(e 2x ?2)?(e nx ?n)x =lim x→0(e x ?1)x ?lim x→0(e 2x ?2)?(e nx ?n) =(?1)(?2)?(?(n ?1))=(?1)n?1(n ?1)!. 【方法3】 排除法，令n =2,则 f (x )=(e x ?1)(e 2x ?2) f ′(x )=e x (e 2x ?2)+2e 2x (e x ?1) f ′(0)=1?2=?1 则（B)(C)（D)均不正确 综上所述，本题正确答案是(A ） 【考点】高等数学—一元函数微分学—导数和微分的概念 (3)设函数f(t)连续，则二次积分∫dθπ20∫f(r 2)rdr 22cos θ = (A )∫dx 20∫√x 2+y 2f(x 2+y 2)dy √4?x 2√2x?x 2 (Ｂ) ∫dx 20 ∫f(x 2+y 2)dy √4?x 2√2x?x 2

2012年考研英语真题解析

2012考研阅读真题解析 Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1 Come on –Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word. Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of example of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers. The idea seems promising，and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology.” Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!” pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers-teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure. But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very we ll for very long. Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut. Evidence that the LoveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.