江苏省淮阴中学高三第二学期综合训练一

综合训练（一）

编制：张长天校对：魏平

I. 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

1. Heavy debts have left the firm faced with an economic ______ in the financial crisis.

A. switch

B. scratch

C. squeeze

D. status

2. Feng Chu, reported ______ the National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology in 2017,

is a post-90s PHD candidate.

A. winning

B. to have won

C. to win

D. having won

3. — I haven’t met Mr. Smith these days.

— Oh, I forgot to tell you. He ______ from his post in our college.

A. resigned

B. has resigned

C. had resigned

D. would resign

4. The concepts in philosophy Jack read have somewhat affected how he ______ his daily life.

A. shrinks from

B. pulls through

C. compensates for

D. goes about

5. The doctor is in a dilemma ______ he should tell the patient the truth.

A. that

B. whether

C. where

D. how

6. A series of policies has been adopted so far ______ benefits the poverty-stricken people will

enjoy.

A. which

B. that

C. whose

D. as

7. In his New Year Speech, President Xi ______ that happiness is achieved through hard work.

A. underlined

B. undid

C. undertook

D. updated

8. The autocompany succeeded in developing a new type of new energy vehicle, ______

countless failures.

A. experiencing

B. to experience

C. to have experienced

D. having experienced

9. Any offender shall be brought back and brought to justice ______ he/ she may flee abroad.

A. in case

B. even if

C. now that

D. if only

10. These figures should be ______, for even a minor error can cost us millions of dollars.

A. precise

B. flexible

C. optional

D. approximate

11. — Why are you upset, Maria?

— My father didn’t even buy me a Christmas present! What a______!

A. Judas

B. Samaritan

C. Jonah

D. Scrooge

12. I suspect ______ Emily was lying when she described the incident, for I know her well.

A. whether

B. that

C. what

D. how

13.—I thought tomorrow was the deadline for my confirmation.

— Never mind! Call me later and tell me what you ______ then.

A. would think

B. had thought

C. think

D. thought

14. It was only when he broke down and was sent to hospital for treatment ______ fully aware

of the value of health.

A. did he become

B. that he became

C. had he become

D. that he had become

15. —John was criticized again by the boss this morning.

— ______. He’s always causing trouble.

A. No wonder

B. No way

C. No problem

D. No doubt

II. 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)

I was 18 years old, fit, strong and ambitious. One day, I fell down for no 16 reason. I saw many different specialists and was finally diagnosed with limb girdle muscular dystrophy (MD).

It was a very difficult time. I had no idea what life was going to 17 at me and I was scared. By my late 30s it was 18 and I had transitioned (转变) from a walking stick to a wheelchair. I wanted to be master of my own 19 , so I had to recognise my 20 and play to my weaknesses. What I wanted to make 21 was a trip to the north pole.

People with MD feel the cold. So why did I want to go to one of the most extreme, cold and 22 places on Earth? I’d read about Chris Cope, who wanted to go to the north pole to raise money for MD, and it had 23 my adventurous spirit: I wanted to raise awareness about the 24 , but I also wanted to find out what I was capable of. I’m very 25 .

In the two years it had taken to organise the expedition, my muscles had worsened but we 26 regardless. The unpleasant life coaching and cold training helped me to 27 how my body would behave in extreme cold, which made me aware of what to 28 .

I had an amazing team around me, 29 the four different flights we took to get to the inner Arctic ice shelf were nevertheless discouraging. While we were on the ice the runway 30 and we had to wait for it to refreeze. 31 we reached the north pole, I was bitterly cold, exhausted and a complete 32 . I was on the ice for the best part of three long days, then 33 the final 350m. The expedition raised ￡50,000 for 34 .

MD is slowly destroying my life but I have chosen to fill it with 35 and I live life to the full.

16. A. adequate B. apparent C. sound D. major

17. A. yell B. target C. throw D. direct

18. A. advanced B. initial C. modest D. minor

19. A. disease B. fate C. fortune D. business

20. A. strengths B. privileges C. achievements D. commitments

21. A. differ B. work C. count D. happen

22. A. autonomous B. mysterious C. inaccessible D. fantastic

23. A. referred to B. applied to C. belonged to D. appealed to

24. A. significance B. conservation C. condition D. ambition

25. A. trustworthy B. delicate C. ridiculous D. competitive

26. A. pulled out B. pressed on C. took off D. hung about

27. A. assess B. illustrate C. stress D. clarify

28. A. value B. expect C. require D. forgive

29. A. but B. though C. so D. as

30. A. floated B. split C. disappeared D. twisted

31. A. Because B. Unless C. Before D. Once

32. A. mess B. failure C. pride D. envy

33. A. ran B. climbed C. walked D. rolled

34. A. treatment B. ecology C. training D. charity

35. A. experiences B. imaginations C. recreations D. responsibilities III. 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

A

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36. How to Speak Brit is intended to help readers ______.

A. to expose themselves to British cultures

B. to gain a better command of British English

C. to combine language learning with entertainment

D. to differentiate American English from British English

37. Where is the passage probably taken from?

A. A booklet.

B. A web page.

C. A brochure.

D. A library guide.

B

To understand one of the secrets of creativity, just peek (窥视) into an art classroom in Denver, Colorado. The teacher asks her pupils to imitate the style of Vassily Kandinsky. The students copy Kandinsky’s art style, mastering brushwork and learning colour theory.

If that was all there were to the lesson, it would be a hands-on class in art history. But the art teacher asks the students to cut up their paintings and build 3D sculptures out of the pieces. They have all started with the same source, but their works all end up looking extremely different: some rise straight up in a column, while others are a jigsaw (相互交错) of different forms and angles. The students learn to treat the past not as a landing point, but as a launching pad.

Creativity doesn’t come out of the blue. No idea is ever wholly original; there is always a link from the known to the new. We rely on culture to provide us with a storehouse of raw materials which we then transform. Each generation adds another layer to the cliffside of history.

One of the keys to developing inventiveness is not to treat the past as sacred. Beethoven didn’t write symphonies because he thought there was anything wrong with Mozart’s. Picasso didn’t paint variations on canvases by Velásquez and Manet because he rejected the old masters, but rather because he admired them. While we sometimes tinker (修补) with the imperfect, we also remake what we love, showing our admiration for the past by passing down its DNA.

Sometimes inventors attempt to cover their tracks. Stravinsky denied that The Rite of Spring, his revolutionary ballet, included any actual folk tunes, but scholars found a volume of

them in his library after his death.

Creative minds always start from a precedent (先例) and move from there, but how far should they go? The challenge is that staying too close to the familiar can dissatisfy, while wandering too far can fail to find followers.

Thomas Edison made small changes to the telephone, dramatically improved the lightbulb—and at the far end imagined underwater cities powered by solar energy. The designer Norman Bel Geddes designed a host of practical products, such as cocktail shakers and furniture—but he also ranged much further, sketching flying cars and houses in which the walls rose up into the ceiling like garage doors.

The DNA of the original is still there, but by the end it has evolved to something new. Each of us is creating our own variations on themes passed down to us. We’re at our most inventive when we don’t allow history to limit our imaginations, but to launch them. That’s a lesson that can start young — and that never ages.

38. The art teacher in Colorado intends to tell the students that the secret of creativity is ______.

A. to copy the masters’ works without effort

B. to completely reject the masters’ styles

C. to build their brilliant ideas on the past

D. to compare their works with the masters’

39. The underlined phrase “out of the blue” in Paragraph 3 means ______.

A. unfortunately

B. gradually

C. frequently

D. unexpectedly

40. Which of the following is not the product of creativity according to the author?

A. A flying car.

B. A copy of a Mozart.

C. An improved light bulb.

D. An underwater city powered by solar energy.

C

Maj Rundl?f remembers the moment she changed her mind about neonicotinoids—the world’s most widely used pesticides(杀虫剂). In December 2013, in her office at Lund University in Sweden, she and postdoctor Georg Andersson were looking at data from their latest study. It was designed to test what would happen to bees if they fed on crops treated with neonicotinoids. “I didn’t expect to see any effect at all, to be honest,” says Rundl?f.

Honeybees weren’t greatly affected by the chemicals in crops, the study suggested. But the data on bumblebees told a different story. Bumblebee colonies that hadn’t fed on the treated crops looked normal: they were packing on weight to survive the winter. But in the colonies exposed to neonicotinoids, the growth chart was a flat line.

When the Swedish study was published in April 2015, it made headlines around the world. It was the first to show that neonicotinoids —known as neonics —could harm bees in a real-world farming situation.Bee populations are declining in many parts of the globe, a

worrying sign for the crops and wild plants that rely on these bees for their survival. Parasites(寄生虫), disease and shrinking food resources are all prime suspects. But a link to neonics has become a major flashpoint.

Even before Rundl?f’s results were revealed, the European Union had placed heavy restrictions on three most widely used neonics in flowering crops —plants that might be attractive to bees — among rising concerns that the chemicals might harm pollinators (传粉者). But farmers, the agrochemical industry and some scientists pointed out that these were based on limited evidence, gathered mostly from lab tests.

Since Rundl?f’s paper, studies showing real-world evidence of harm from pesticides in the field have been mounting —and environmental organizations have demanded wide-ranging bans. Regulatory agencies will soon decide what to do about neonics, which have a global market worth more than US$1.5 billion per year. This month, the EU’s European Food Safety Authority is due to complete a re-evaluation of evidence for restricting neonics; the EU will then need to decide what action to take. France has passed a law that would ban neonics in 2018.

But industry groups and some scientists say the evidence still isn’t conclusive. The pictur e is complicated: some studies show harm to some bees in some circumstances, while others find no harm. The results seem to be affected by many factors, including the species of bee and the kinds of crops involved. Scientists working on the question say any new study is instantly picked at by advocates on both sides. Even the results of the largest study on the matter, funded by the agrochemical industry, failed to produce a consensus. It’s likely that political or regulatory decisions will settle the matter before opposing parties agree.

41. Maj Rundl?f’s study suggests that ______.

A. neonicotinoids are linked to bee declines

B. bumblebees are threatened with cold winter

C. honeybees are at no risk from neonicotinoids

D. neonicotinoids are harmful to bees as expected

42. Why does the declining of bee populations raise much concern?

A. Disease has caused the lack of food resources.

B. Flowering crops with neonics are appealing to bees.

C. Bees play a leading role in limiting the number of parasites.

D. Bee populations are crucial to the survival of crops and wild plants.

43. According to the passage, we know that ______.

A. the EU is to further assess the harm of neonicotinoids

B. evidence of harm to bees from pesticides is sufficient

C. the EU has already banned the use of neonicotinoids

D. more and more studies prove pesticides harmful to bees

44. The last paragraph is mainly about ______.

A. the battle over the widespread use of neonicotinoids

B. the debate about the harm by neonicotinoids to bees

C. factors of influence on the present situation of bees

D. doubts about current political or regulatory systems

D

There are many heartbreaking moments in this beautifully written book，Letter to Louis，by Alison White, but the first comes before it even begins. In the devotion to her son Louis, author Alison White says how she wanted to write it so that people would understand disability and caring, but also, “to be totally honest, I wanted to write something that would make people consider being Louis’s friend”. Beneath that simple plea (恳求) lies the great fear of so many parents who nurse a severely disabled child through to adulthood: “What will happen when I’m gone?” Instead of giving a vivid account of the fear and anxieties that accompany long-term caring, she just tells us what it’s like, and it is equally admirable, uplifting, terrifying.

As a society, we are fond of praising short-term heroism: the soldier or firefighter, bravery containable within a single story. The uncomfortable truth that Letter to Louis lays bare is that the heroism of long-term toughness, the daily caring over many years, is neither great nor interesting. At times, with two other children to care for and Louis waking five times a night, still undiagnosed and in constant pain, White feels simple despair. “I picture the cliff. I picture jumping holding you tight in my a rms, falling and falling through the air.”

Although there are moments of joy — when Louis first speaks, manages to walk a little —White offers no comforting platitudes (陈词滥调). “My destiny has been decided. The realization hits me full force in the stomach. I don’t want this destiny.” Very soon, you come to admire White’s courage not only in raising a child with a disability but in resisting the temptation to hit one or two of the many she encounters along the way: a Clarks shoe shop assistant who refuses t o sell Louis, a wheelchair user, a pair of shoes because he can’t walk across the room for her to check the fit, and an unhelpful occupational therapist who won’t authorize the toileting equipment that he needs, insisting he has to learn to wipe his own bottom, even though it is a physical impossibility for him.

It is shocking to learn that at Louis’s most disabled, after a disastrous foot operation, the family are only entitled to two hours’ help a month. Temporary care only comes, eventually, when they are close to breakdown. At one point, Louis has five different social workers in eight

months — and then, unbelievably, faces the overnight withdrawal of all temporary care when he reaches his 18th birthday.

On the other hand, White explains the difference that the support of family and friends and small acts of kindness from strangers can make. When she takes Louis on a special day trip to London because he wants to travel on the tube, Transport for London staff take it upon themselves to radio ahead to each other to make sure there is always someone to help them at each station he wants to visit. Once in a while, a therapist or doctor actually listens to White’s knowledge and expertise regarding her son’s condition.

Eventually, though, the long-term consequences of constant lack of sleep and caring work begin to take effect. A slightly mysterious chapter towards the end of the book sees the author disappearing to Edinburgh to walk and sit in cafes: it’s never stated clearly whether this is for work or because she has had a breakdown or a combination of the two. The wonder is only that it has taken so long.

This chapter is just one of the half-told stories in this book: the author is mindful of the need to protect the privacy of her husband, although it is clear their marriage has come close to breaking point many times, as anybody’s would, and that of her other two children. Beneath it all is a cold anger that any decent-minded reader will share towards a society that fails to understand that unless carers are properly cared for by the rest of us, it all falls apart.

Above all, this book is a plea for understanding, for the rest of society to pause a while when they encounter someone like Louis or his parents. The huge difference a kindly word or helpful act can make —and the destruction a thoughtless act can cause —cannot be underestimated. This book is an essential read for anyone who has ever complained about their taxes going to pay for disability services: it should be legally required reading for anyone in the medical profession or anyone with the power to decide about cuts to those services. The rest of us should read it for an acute insight into just how lucky we are.

45. Alison White wrote Letter to Louis to ______.

A. describe the hardships in bringing up her disabled child

B. illustrate the sufferings and miseries of her disabled child

C. promote acceptance of the disabled and concern for their carers

D. express parents’ worries about the future of their disabled children

46. By comparing two kinds of heroism, the author intends to ______.

A. applaud the bravery of soldiers and firefighters

B. encourage the parents of the disabled to live on

C. blame people for their favor of short-term heroism

D. emphasize the heroism of caring for a disabled child

47. What can we infer from the 4th paragraph?

A. Louis is able to depend on himself at 18.

B. The Whites eventually break down in despair.

C. Social workers are willing to offer help to Louis.

D. Public support for the disabled is far from ideal.

48. Alison White disappears to Edinburgh and stays there long probably because ______.

A. social workers’ help frees her from the toughness of life

B. the cold and indifferent society makes her disappointed

C. she temporarily escapes from the endless caring work

D. she wants to be relieved from the blow of her divorce

49. What does the underlined sentence imply?

A. Society should show concern for the carers of the disabled.

B. Readers will misunderstand society if carers are neglected.

C. It does not make any sense to be angry with society.

D. The carers should be responsible for their own needs.

50. The author of the passage concludes it with ______.

A. strong recommendation

B. mild criticism

C. cautious warning

D. obvious disapproval

IV. 任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

It seems that we’re talking more than ever. And it’s true that we have more platforms for connection and communication than ever before. But what feels like conversation is actually just talking. Conversation — the exchange of ideas and thoughts between two people in which both understand one another and respond to each other — is disappearing underneath the mountains of posts, and texts.

It’s that conversation I want to revive(恢复), the kind that involves judging fairly and carefully qualities of the other and increases empathy (心灵相通). That’s the kind of bond that builds bridges and crosses the divides splitting us apart.

Can you still have that kind of conversation? Of course you can. The first barrier is the ph one. A study showed that the mere presence of a phone, even one that didn’t belong to the people talking, made those involved in a chat more likely to see the other person as unfriendly and untrustworthy. So, the first step is to put it away.

Next, stop avoiding conversations you think might lead to an argument and instead learn to have the discussion without arguing. You do that by choosing to learn from the conversation instead of teaching. Don’t try to educate the other person, prove them wrong or chang e their mind, because that probably won’t happen.

Instead, make it your goal to learn more about their perspective (视角). This is an excellent way to increase your own empathy and stimulate (激发) your mind with new ideas. You may disagree with what they’re saying, but you’re doing a lot of good for yourself in listening to them with respect.

And that brings us to the next step: listen. Listening is a skill and we aren’t born knowing how to do it well. Often we hear just the first few words someone speaks and then start crafting our response. That’s a common habit and it’s hard to break.

In order to listen effectively, you have to allow thoughts to enter your head and then let them flow right back out so you can return to listening. It’s not easy, but it’s n ecessary if you hope to really hear and understand what another person is saying.

Learning to listen is an intensely rewarding experience. The people around you, even strangers, have secrets and hidden talents. If you haven’t heard them, you’ve missed out on a lot of fascinating stories and helpful advice.

We have all become very expert at expressing our own thoughts and feelings, and social media gives us endless methods for publishing them. But talking teaches you nothing, and so it’s no surprise when we learn nothing about each other and find it hard to keep the conversation going.

So, put your mobile down and look at the people around you. Take a chance and ask someone a question, and then really listen to their answer. You might be surprised by the change in your perspective.

V. 书面表达(满分25分)

61. 请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

Xue Zhaofeng, a professor from Peking University, reportedly has more than 170,000 subscribers to his online teaching course and could be making about 35 million yuan ($5.3 million) a year. Xue is only one among the hundreds of online teachers making millions of yuan a month. According to iResearch, an agency specializing in internet data collection, the online education market was worth 156 billion yuan by the end of last year, and it is expected to reach 260 billion yuan by 2019.

Online education has also found menti on in this year’s Central Government Work Report, which Premier Li Keqiang delivered to the annual National People’s Congress. We can thus conclude that online education not only has huge economic potential, it also enjoys government support.

Online educat ion is not without problems, though. Some online “educators” are extremely popular yet they hardly teach students anything useful. Worse, there is hardly any supervision of online education agencies. A China Central TV report on Nov 17 said quite a high percentage of such agencies are being operated without the education bureaus’ knowledge.

【写作内容】

1. 用约30个单词写出上文概要；

2. 用约120个单词阐述网络课程流行的原因以及你对网络课程健康发展的建议。

【写作要求】

1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3. 不必写标题。

【评分标准】

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

答题纸

班级___________ 学号___________ 姓名___________ 得分___________ V. 任务型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）

(51) (52) (53) (54) (55) (56) (57) (58) (59) (60) VI．书面表达（满分25分）

南通市2018届高三第一次调研测试

参考答案

1-5 CBBDB 6-10 CADBA 11-15 DBCBA

16-20 BCABA 21-25 DCDCD 26-30 BABAB 31-35 DACDA

36-40 BBCDB 41-45 ADDBC 46-50 DDCAA

51. replaced/ substituted 52. judg(e)ment(s) 53. bridging/ crossing/ narrowing

54. bad / negative 55. forcing 56. creativity / innovation

57. attentively/ carefully/ respectfully/ effectively 58. immediate/ quick/ prompt/ hasty/instant 59. involvement/ participation 60. difference

51. One possible version:

With the availability of rich educational resources, online education is becoming increasingly popular, bringing online teachers and agencies a large fortune. However, online education has caused some problems worth paying attention to.

There are many reasons accounting for its popularity. Nowadays, Chinese parents attach great importance to education, willing to pay for extra courses to ensure their children’s academic success. Besides, it is convenient for students to get access to online courses and follow their own pace of study. Hence, online education also helps people save time and money.

From my point of view, online education is a wise option, but essential measures should be taken to guarantee its healthy development. Education authorities should strictly regulate the national standards. Moreover, online teachers and agencies are expected to offer quality education. Above all, students should realize, no matter how useful online education is, it cannot completely replace school education.

江苏省淮阴中学2020-2021学年高三(最后冲刺)数学试卷含解析《附15套高考模拟卷》

江苏省淮阴中学2020-2021学年高三（最后冲刺）数学试卷 请考生注意： 1．请用2B 铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。 2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。 一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 1．已知复数(1)(3)(z i i i =+-为虚数单位） ，则z 的虚部为（ ） A ．2 B ．2i C ．4 D ．4i 2．如图，网格纸上小正方形的边长为1，粗线画出的是某几何体的三视图，则该几何体的表面积（ ） A ．623+ B ．622+ C ．442+ D ．443+ 3．设双曲线22:1916 x y C -=的右顶点为A ，右焦点为F ，过点F 作平行C 的一条渐近线的直线与C 交于 点B ，则AFB △的面积为（ ） A ． 3215 B ． 6415 C ．5 D ．6 4．函数sin (3sin 4cos )y x x x =+()x R ∈的最大值为M ，最小正周期为T ，则有序数对(,)M T 为（ ） A ．(5,)π B ．(4,)π C ．(1,2)π- D ．(4,2)π 5．已知底面为正方形的四棱锥，其一条侧棱垂直于底面，那么该四棱锥的三视图可能是下列各图中的（ ） A ． B ． C ．

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4.物体做自由落体运动，k E 代表动能，p E 代表势能，h 代表下落的距离,以水平地面为零势能面。下列所示图像中，能正确反映各物理量之间关系的是 5. 如图所示，接在家庭电路上的理想降压变压器给一个电阻R 供电，如果将原、副线圈增加相同匝数，其它条件不变，则 A.电阻R 的功率变大 B.电阻R 的功率变小 C. 原、副线圈两段电压的比值不变 D.通过原、副线圈电流的比值不变 二、多项选择题:本题共4小题，每小题4分，共16分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多个选项符合题意。全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错或不答的得0分。 6.利用霍尔效应制作的霍尔元件，广泛应用于测量和自动控制等领域。如图所示是霍尔元件的工作原理示意图，磁场方向垂直于霍尔元件的工作面向下，磁感应强度大小为B ，通入图示方向的电流I ，在C 、D 两侧面会形成电势差CD U ，则下列说法中正确的是 A ．若霍尔元件的载流子为正电荷，则C 点的电势比D 点高 B ．若电流I 越大，则电势差CD U 越大 C ．若磁感应强度B 越大，则电势差C D U 越小 D ．在测定地球赤道上方的地磁场强弱时，则该元件的工作面应保持水平 7.如图所示，甲为一台小型交流发电机构造示意图，线圏逆时计转动，产生的电动势随时间按余弦规律变化，其图象如图乙所示，电机线圏内阻为2Ω ，匝数为1000匝，外接灯泡的电阻为18Ω，则 A.在2.O×10-2 s 时刻，电流表的示数为0.3A B.发电机的输出功率为3.24W C.在1s 内，回路中电流方向改变25次 D.在4.0×10-2s 时刻，穿过线圈的磁通量变化率为 s wb /500 2 2

2019-2020学年江苏省淮安市淮阴中学高一上学期期中数学试题(解析版)

2019-2020学年江苏省淮安市淮阴中学高一上学期期中数学 试题 一、单选题 1．2sin 3 π =（ ） A ． 12 B ． 2 C ． D ．12 - 【答案】B 【解析】利用诱导公式，特殊角的三角函数值即可化简求值得结果. 【详解】 2sin( )sin()sin 3332 ππππ=-== ， 故选：B. 【点睛】 该题考查的是有关三角函数求值问题，涉及到的知识点有诱导公式和特殊角的三角函数值，属于基础题目. 2．下列函数中，在[)0,+∞上为单调递增函数的是（ ） A ．21y x =-+ B ．224y x x =-+ C ．1 y x = D ．()2log 1y x =+ 【答案】D 【解析】结合函数的图象及性质和单调递增函数的定义进行逐项排除即可. 【详解】 对于A 项：函数21y x =-+，因为20-<，故此函数在R 上为单调递减函数，所以不正确； 对于B 项：函数2 24y x x =-+的图象是开口向上的抛物线，其对称轴为1x =，所以此函数在(1,)+∞上为单调递增函数，在(0,1]上为单调递减函数，所以不正确； 对于C 项：函数1 y x = 为反比例函数，其图象是双曲线，在(0,)+∞和(,0)-∞上均为减函数，所以不正确；

对于D 项：2log (1)y x =+在定义域(1,)-+∞上单调递增，所以在[0,)+∞上单调递增，所以正确； 故选：D. 【点睛】 该题考查的是有关基本初等函数结合图象判断其单调性问题，熟练掌握各类型函数的图象及性质是求解该题的关键，属于基础题目. 3．如图，点P 从()1,0出发，沿单位圆按顺时针方向运动3 π 弧长到达Q 点，则Q 点坐标为（ ） A ．13,2? ?? B ．12,2? ?? C ．132? ?? D ．23?? 【答案】A 【解析】由题意推出QOx ∠的大小，然后求出Q 点的坐标，得到结果. 【详解】 点P 从()1,0出发，沿单位圆按顺时针方向运动3 π 弧长到达Q 点， 所以3 QOx π ∠=-， 所以(cos(),sin())33Q π π - -， 即Q 点坐标为13(,)2 2 -， 故选：A. 【点睛】 该题考查的是有关单位圆上点的坐标的求解问题，涉及到的知识点有弧长公式，注意转动的方向，明确角的大小之后，点的坐标显而易见，属于基础题目. 4．已知0.5log 6a =，6log 5b =，20.3c -=，则a ，b ，c 的大小为（ ） A ．b a c << B ．c a b << C ．c b a << D ．a b c << 【答案】D 【解析】利用指数函数和对数函数的单调性，分别与0,1比较即可得出,,a b c 的大小关

江苏省淮阴中学2021届高三上学期开学练习化学试题

高三化学练习 注意事项： 1.本试卷满分为100分，考试时间为90分钟。 2.答题前，请务必将姓名、考场号、座位号、准考证号填写在答题纸上。 3.请用0.5毫米黑色签字笔按题号在答题纸指定区域作答，在其它位置作答一律无效。 可能用到的相对原子质量：H1 C12 N14 O16 S32 Fe 56 Cl-35.5 K-39 Cr52 Mn55 Fe-56 Cu64 Br 80 选择题(共36分) 符合题意。单项选择题：本题包括10小题，每小题2分，共计20分。每小题只有一个选项 ．．．．．． 1.化学与生活密切相关，下列说法错误的是( ) A.太阳能是一种清洁、无污染的新能源 B.化妆品中添加甘油可以起到保湿作用 C.“新冠病毒”是一种非常特别的蛋白质，高温下也不能将其杀死。 D.乙醇汽油可以减少汽车尾气污染 2.下列有关化学用语表示正确的是( ) A. S2- 结构示意图： B. HClO的电子式： C.丙醛的结构简式：CH3CH2COH D.中子数为10的氟原子：109F 3.下列物质或离子在指定分散系中能大量共存的是( ) A.Ca (ClO)2溶液中：K+、Na+、NO3-、Cl- B.Fe (OH)3胶体中：Na+、H+、Cl-、I- C.空气中：H2、HCl、NO、NH3 D. 无色透明溶液中：K+、Na+、MnO4-、SO42- 4.下列有关物质的性质与用途具有对应关系的是( ) A. Al2O3具有两性，可用于制作耐高温材料 B. FeCl3具有氧化性，可用作铜制线路板的蚀刻剂 C.漂白粉在空气中不稳定，可用于纸桨的漂白

D. 明矾水解后溶液呈酸性，可用于水的净化 5.实验室用NH3通入AlCl3溶液中制备Al(OH)3，经过滤、洗涤、灼烧得高纯度的Al2O3，下列图示装置能达到实验目的的是 A.用装置甲制取NH3 B.用装置乙制备Al(OH)3 C.用装置丙进行过滤操作 D.用装置丁灼烧Al2O3 6.下列指定反应的离子方程式正确的是 A.NH4HCO3溶液和过量Ca(OH)2溶液混合： Ca2++NH4++HCO3- +2OH-=CaCO3↓+H2O+NH3·H2O B. NaClO 溶液与HI溶液反应：2ClO -+2H2O+2I -=I2+Cl2↑+4OH- C.磁性氧化铁溶于足量稀硝酸：Fe3O4+8H+ =Fe2+ +2Fe3+ +4H2O D.明矾溶液中滴入Ba(OH)2溶液使SO42-恰好完全沉淀： 2Ba2++3OH -+Al3+ +2 SO42- = 2BaSO4↓+ Al(OH)3↓ 7. W、X、Y、Z是原子序数依次增大的短周期主族元素。已知W原子的最外层电子数是电子层数的2倍，X元素存在两种气态同素异形体，一种可吸收大气中的紫外线，Y原子最外层电子数等于电子层数，Z离子在同周期最简单阴离子中，半径最小。下列说法正确的是 A. X的一种单质和Z的某种化合物都可用于污水的杀菌消毒 B.简单离子半径：X>Y>Z C. X的氢化物沸点一定低于同族元素的氢化物沸点 D. Y、Z形成的离子化合物溶于水，阴、阳离子数目比为3：1 8.含硫煤燃烧会产生大气污染物，为防治该污染，某工厂设计了新的治污方法，同时可得到化工产品，该工艺流程如图所示，下列叙述不正确的是( )